CN116995263A - Fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system - Google Patents
Fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116995263A CN116995263A CN202311203731.1A CN202311203731A CN116995263A CN 116995263 A CN116995263 A CN 116995263A CN 202311203731 A CN202311203731 A CN 202311203731A CN 116995263 A CN116995263 A CN 116995263A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002640 oxygen therapy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system, which comprises a hydrogen storage unit, a heat pump circulation unit, a gas-liquid separation unit and a power generation unit; the hydrogen storage unit comprises a hydrogen-rich oil tank and a hydrogen-poor oil tank; the heat pump circulation unit is used for transferring part of heat of the power generation unit to the hydrogen-rich oil so as to realize partial cooling of the power generation unit and heating dehydrogenation of the hydrogen-rich oil; the gas-liquid separation unit comprises a gas-liquid separation tank; the power generation unit comprises a hydrogen fuel cell, and part of heat released by the hydrogen fuel cell is transferred to the heat pump circulation unit so as to realize the normal operation of the heat pump circulation unit; the hydrogen-rich oil tank is connected with a cold source inlet of the heat pump circulation unit, a cold source outlet of the heat pump circulation unit is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separation tank, an air outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell, and a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected with the hydrogen-poor oil tank. The invention efficiently utilizes the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell to meet the heat demand of dehydrogenation of the organic liquid, and has high energy utilization efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a waste heat dehydrogenation system of a fuel cell.
Background
With the increase in global warming, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is an important task facing the world today. The occupation ratio of zero carbon or low carbon energy in the world energy consumption structure is improved, and the greenhouse gas emission is reduced. Among the energy sources, hydrogen energy is the renewable energy source with the most application potential, and has the advantages of zero carbon cleaning, wide source, high energy density and the like. The application of hydrogen energy mainly comprises three aspects of hydrogen preparation, storage, transportation and utilization. In the aspect of storage and transportation, the existing hydrogen storage scheme mainly comprises two types of physical hydrogen storage and chemical hydrogen storage. Compared with physical hydrogen storage, organic liquid hydrogen storage in chemical hydrogen storage is one of the hydrogen storage schemes with the highest application value due to the large hydrogen storage amount, safe and stable transportation conditions, convenient use and the like. The hydrogen storage of the organic liquid requires a great deal of heat consumption in the dehydrogenation process, and the dehydrogenation temperature is generally 150-200 ℃. The existing solution is generally to set a separate combustion device or an electric heater for heating, so that the energy utilization efficiency is low.
In terms of hydrogen energy utilization, the existing power plant schemes mainly comprise a hydrogen fuel cell and a hydrogen internal combustion engine. Compared with an internal combustion engine, the energy conversion efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell is higher and is generally 40-60%; the hydrogen fuel cell has only water as a product in the operation process, and has few operation parts and low operation noise. Compared with the traditional storage battery, the hydrogen fuel cell has long endurance mileage and short refueling time. The advantages lead the hydrogen fuel cell to have wide application prospect in the transportation field. Hydrogen fuel cells can be classified into various types according to the electrolyte, and proton exchange membrane fuel cells are most used in all types of fuel cells because of their long life, high efficiency, wide operating temperature range, and the like. The high-efficiency working temperature area of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is 60-80 ℃, in addition to power generation in the operation process of the fuel cell, the residual energy is completely converted into heat, the heat accumulation can cause temperature rise, and in order to ensure that the fuel cell is maintained to operate in the high-efficiency temperature area, the fuel cell needs to be cooled. Existing solutions typically provide for a dedicated cooling system to transfer all heat to the environment, resulting in wasted energy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a waste heat dehydrogenation system of a fuel cell, which can efficiently utilize waste heat of the fuel cell to meet the heat requirement of organic liquid dehydrogenation under the condition of consuming part of electric energy by arranging a heat pump cycle between the fuel cell and an organic liquid dehydrogenation process in the combined application scene of organic liquid hydrogen storage and proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system comprises a hydrogen storage unit, a heat pump circulation unit, a gas-liquid separation unit and a power generation unit;
the hydrogen storage unit comprises a hydrogen-rich oil tank and a hydrogen-lean oil tank, wherein the hydrogen-rich oil tank is used for storing hydrogen-rich oil, and the hydrogen-lean oil tank is used for storing hydrogen-lean oil;
the heat pump circulation unit is used for transferring part of heat of the power generation unit to the hydrogen-rich oil so as to realize partial cooling of the power generation unit and heating dehydrogenation of the hydrogen-rich oil;
the gas-liquid separation unit comprises a gas-liquid separation tank and is used for separating the hydrogen-rich oil after heat exchange into hydrogen and hydrogen-poor oil;
the power generation unit comprises a hydrogen fuel cell, and part of heat released by the hydrogen fuel cell is transferred to the heat pump circulation unit so as to realize normal operation of the heat pump circulation unit;
the hydrogen-rich oil tank is connected with a cold source inlet of the heat pump circulation unit, a cold source outlet of the heat pump circulation unit is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separation tank, an air outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell, and a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected with the hydrogen-poor oil tank.
In an embodiment, the heat pump cycle unit comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve and an evaporator, wherein the outlet of the compressor is connected with the heat source inlet of the condenser, the heat source outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the throttle valve, the outlet of the throttle valve is connected with the inlet of the evaporator, and the outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the compressor; the hydrogen-rich oil tank is connected with the cold source inlet of the condenser, and the cold source outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separation tank.
In an embodiment, the heat pump cycle unit further comprises a regenerative heat exchanger, a heat source outlet of the condenser is connected with a heat source inlet of the regenerative heat exchanger, a heat source outlet of the regenerative heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the throttle valve, an outlet of the evaporator is connected with a cold source inlet of the regenerative heat exchanger, and a cold source outlet of the regenerative heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the compressor.
In an embodiment, the evaporator is disposed in the hydrogen fuel cell, and the heat pump working medium in the evaporator absorbs heat through evaporation to remove part of heat of the hydrogen fuel cell.
In an embodiment, the heat pump working medium of the heat pump cycle unit is a mixed working medium of two or more kinds, including at least two kinds of butane, isopentane and hexane.
In an embodiment, the gas-liquid separation unit further comprises an auxiliary heater for heating the gas-liquid separation tank.
In an embodiment, the power generation unit further comprises a cooling circulation unit for taking away excess heat of the hydrogen fuel cell.
In one embodiment, the cooling circulation unit comprises a cooler, a fan coil, a circulation pump and a liquid storage tank which are connected in sequence at first; the cooling medium in the cooler takes away the redundant heat of the hydrogen fuel cell, then the cooling medium enters the fan coil to discharge the heat into the atmosphere through air cooling, and finally the cooling medium enters the next circulation; the circulating pump provides power for the cooling circulation unit, and the liquid storage tank supplements cooling medium and stabilizes pressure for the cooling circulation unit.
In an embodiment, the power generation unit further comprises an oxygen delivery unit, the oxygen delivery unit comprises an air compressor, a filter and an air inlet valve, and the hydrogen fuel cell is sequentially connected with the air compressor, the filter and the air inlet valve.
In one embodiment, the power generation unit further comprises a waste water tank, wherein the waste water tank is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell, and a drain valve is arranged on the waste water tank.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by arranging the heat pump circulation unit between the hydrogen fuel cell and the dehydrogenation process of the hydrogen-rich oil, the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell can be efficiently utilized to meet the heat requirement of the dehydrogenation of the hydrogen-rich oil under the condition of consuming part of electric energy; compared with the method for providing heat for hydrogen-rich oil through other combustion devices or electric heaters, the method has the advantages of high energy utilization efficiency, simple system structure and convenient application, and can simultaneously realize heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell and dehydrogenation of the organic liquid.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a structural flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-hydrogen storage unit, a 11-hydrogen-rich oil tank, a 12-hydrogen-lean oil tank, a 2-heat pump circulation unit, a 21-compressor, a 22-condenser, a 23-throttle valve, a 24-evaporator, a 25-regenerative heat exchanger, a 3-gas-liquid separation unit, a 31-gas-liquid separation tank, a 32-auxiliary heater, a 4-power generation unit, a 41-hydrogen fuel cell, a 42-cooling circulation unit, a 421-cooler, a 422-fan coil, a 423-circulation pump, a 424-liquid storage tank, a 43-oxygen supply unit, a 431-air compressor, a 432-filter, 433-air inlet valve, a 44-wastewater tank, a 45-drain valve, a 45-hydrogen pump and 5-electric equipment.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the terms described above will be understood to those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used as references to orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationships in which the inventive product is conventionally disposed in use, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, are merely used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for indicating or implying a relative importance or order.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed.
The invention provides a fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system, which comprises a hydrogen storage unit 1, a heat pump circulation unit 2, a gas-liquid separation unit 3 and a power generation unit 4 as shown in fig. 1. The hydrogen storage unit 1 includes a hydrogen-rich oil tank 11 for storing hydrogen-rich oil and a hydrogen-lean oil tank 12 for storing hydrogen-lean oil, the hydrogen-rich oil tank 11 for storing hydrogen-rich oil; the heat pump circulation unit 2 is used for transferring part of heat of the power generation unit 4 to the hydrogen-rich oil so as to realize partial cooling of the power generation unit 4 and heating dehydrogenation of the hydrogen-rich oil; the gas-liquid separation unit 3 includes a gas-liquid separation tank 31 for separating the hydrogen-rich oil after heat exchange into hydrogen gas and hydrogen-lean oil; the power generation unit 4 includes a hydrogen fuel cell 41, and a part of heat released from the hydrogen fuel cell 41 is transferred to the heat pump cycle unit 2 to achieve normal operation of the heat pump cycle unit 2; the hydrogen-rich oil tank 11 is connected with a cold source inlet of the heat pump circulation unit 2, and a cold source outlet of the heat pump circulation unit 2 is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separation tank 31, so that hydrogen-rich oil in the hydrogen-rich oil tank 11 can enter the heat pump circulation unit 2, exchange heat with a heat pump working medium in the heat pump circulation unit 2, and then enter the gas-liquid separation tank 31 for dehydrogenation; the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank 31 is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell 41, so that the separated hydrogen can be directly conveyed to the hydrogen fuel cell 41 for power generation, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank 31 is connected with the hydrogen-lean oil tank 12, so that the hydrogen-lean oil is conveyed to the hydrogen-lean oil tank 12 for storage. According to the invention, the heat pump circulation unit 2 is arranged between the hydrogen fuel cell 41 and the dehydrogenation process of the hydrogen-rich oil, so that the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 can be efficiently utilized to meet the heat requirement of the dehydrogenation of the hydrogen-rich oil under the condition of consuming part of electric energy; compared with the method for providing heat for hydrogen-rich oil through other combustion devices or electric heaters, the method has the advantages that the energy utilization efficiency is high, the heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 and the dehydrogenation of organic liquid can be realized at the same time, the system structure is simple, and the application is convenient.
In particular, the hydrogen fuel cell 41 may be selected as a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The pipeline of the heat pump circulation unit 2 is internally provided with a heat pump working medium which circularly flows, heat is released in the power generation process of the hydrogen fuel cell 41, part of the released heat is transferred to the heat pump working medium of the heat pump circulation unit 2, hydrogen-rich oil in the hydrogen-rich oil tank 11 exchanges heat with the heated heat pump working medium, so that the hydrogen-rich oil can reach the dehydrogenation temperature, the hydrogen-rich oil enters the gas-liquid separation tank 31 for dehydrogenation, the separated hydrogen enters the gas phase region, the rest of the hydrogen-poor oil enters the liquid phase region, the hydrogen is conveyed to the hydrogen fuel cell 41 for power generation through the gas outlet of the gas phase region of the gas-liquid separation tank 31, and the rest of the hydrogen-poor oil is conveyed to the hydrogen-poor oil tank 12 through the liquid outlet of the liquid phase region of the gas-liquid separation tank 31. Further, a hydrogen pump 45 is arranged between the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank 31 and the hydrogen fuel cell 41, the gas phase region is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen pump 45, the outlet of the hydrogen pump 45 is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell 41, and the hydrogen in the gas phase region of the gas-liquid separation tank 31 is pumped to the hydrogen fuel cell 41 by the hydrogen pump 45 to perform oxidation power generation reaction.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump cycle 2 includes a compressor 21, a condenser 22, a throttle valve 23, and an evaporator 24, wherein an outlet of the compressor 21 is connected to a heat source inlet of the condenser 22, a heat source outlet of the condenser 22 is connected to an inlet of the throttle valve 23, an outlet of the throttle valve 23 is connected to an inlet of the evaporator 24, and an outlet of the evaporator 24 is connected to an inlet of the compressor 21; the hydrogen-rich oil tank 11 is connected to a cold source inlet of the condenser 22, and a cold source outlet of the condenser 22 is connected to an inlet of the gas-liquid separation tank 31.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump cycle unit 2 further includes a regenerative heat exchanger 25, a heat source outlet of the condenser 22 is connected to a heat source inlet of the regenerative heat exchanger 25, a heat source outlet of the regenerative heat exchanger 25 is connected to an inlet of the throttle valve 23, an outlet of the evaporator 24 is connected to a cold source inlet of the regenerative heat exchanger 25, and a cold source outlet of the regenerative heat exchanger 25 is connected to an inlet of the compressor 21. In this embodiment, the compressor 21, the condenser 22, the regenerative heat exchanger 25, the throttle valve 23, the evaporator 24, and the regenerative heat exchanger 25 are connected end to end by pipes to form the heat pump cycle unit 2. In the heat pump cycle 2, partial heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 is transferred to the hydrogen-rich oil by compressing, condensing, regenerating, throttling, and evaporating the heat pump working medium, thereby realizing partial cooling of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 and heating and dehydrogenation of the hydrogen-rich oil.
Specifically, in the heat pump cycle unit 2, the heat pump working medium exists in three states of a gaseous state, a liquid state, and a mixed state of gas and liquid. The compressor 21 compresses the low-temperature low-pressure heat pump working medium gas (the temperature is about 100 ℃) to form high-temperature high-pressure heat pump working medium gas (about 20 atmospheres, the temperature is more than 150 ℃), the high-temperature high-pressure heat pump working medium gas enters the condenser 22 through the heat source inlet of the condenser 22 to exchange heat with the hydrogen-rich oil, so that the heated hydrogen-rich oil reaches the dehydrogenation temperature of 150-200 ℃, and the heated hydrogen-rich oil enters the gas-liquid separation tank 31 through the cold source outlet of the condenser 22 to be dehydrogenated; the heat pump working medium gas after heat exchange is liquefied into heat pump working medium liquid (the temperature is about 150 ℃), the heat pump working medium liquid also carries partial heat, and enters a regenerative heat exchanger 25 to exchange heat with the heat pump working medium gas formed by heat absorption and evaporation of an evaporator 24, so that the heat pump working medium liquid becomes supercooled liquid (the temperature is about 100 ℃), the dryness after throttling can be reduced, and the circulation efficiency is increased; the supercooled liquid is depressurized and cooled through a throttle valve 23 to form a low-pressure gas-liquid mixture (about 4 atmospheres, the temperature is less than 60 ℃), the heat pump working medium enters an evaporator 24 in a gas-liquid mixed state, the evaporator 24 absorbs part of heat released by a hydrogen fuel cell 41, so that liquid in the gas-liquid mixture is evaporated to form gas (the temperature is less than 60 ℃), at the moment, the heat pump working medium exists in a gas form, and the heat pump working medium gas enters a regenerative heat exchanger 25 to exchange heat with the heat pump working medium liquid entering through a condenser 22, so that the heat pump working medium gas becomes overheated gas (the temperature is about 100 ℃), the suction temperature of a compressor 21 is increased, and the gas temperature at the outlet of the compressor is increased; the low-temperature low-pressure heat pump working medium gas enters the compressor 21 through the cold source outlet of the regenerative heat exchanger 25 to be compressed, so that the high-temperature high-pressure heat pump working medium gas and hydrogen-rich oil are formed to exchange heat in the condenser 22, and the heat pump circulation is realized.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the evaporator 24 is disposed in the hydrogen fuel cell 41, and the heat pump working medium in the evaporator 24 absorbs heat through evaporation and removes part of heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 41, so that the hydrogen fuel cell 41 is partially cooled, and the heat pump working medium can be heated by waste heat to evaporate, so that a heating device is not used additionally, and energy is saved.
As one embodiment, the heat pump working medium of the heat pump cycle unit 2 is a mixed working medium of two or more kinds, including at least two kinds of butane, isopentane, and hexane. Of course, other mixed working media may be selected, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the gas-liquid separation unit 3 further includes an auxiliary heater 32, and the auxiliary heater 32 is used to heat the gas-liquid separation tank 31. Wherein, the auxiliary heater 32 can be arranged in the gas-liquid separation tank 31, so that the heating effect is better; by providing the auxiliary heater 32, dehydrogenation heat is provided when the system is started or the heat of the heat pump cycle unit is insufficient in winter, so that the stability of normal operation of the system is ensured.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the power generation unit 4 further includes a cooling circulation unit 42, and the cooling circulation unit 42 is used to remove the excessive heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 to maintain the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 within a suitable range of 60 to 80 ℃, so that the hydrogen fuel cell 41 can operate efficiently.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the cooling circulation unit 42 includes a cooler 421, a fan coil 422, a circulation pump 423, and a liquid storage tank 424, which are connected in order from the beginning; the cooling medium in the cooler 421 takes away the redundant heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 41, then the cooling medium enters the fan coil 422 to discharge the heat into the atmosphere through air cooling, and finally the cooling medium enters the next circulation; the circulation pump 423 supplies power to the cooling circulation unit 42, and the tank 424 supplements the cooling circulation unit 42 with a cooling medium and stabilizes the pressure. Further, a cooler 421 is provided in the hydrogen fuel cell 41; the cooling medium may be water.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the power generation unit 4 further includes an oxygen therapy unit 43, the oxygen therapy unit 43 includes an air compressor 431, a filter 432, and an intake valve 433, and the hydrogen fuel cell 41 is connected to the air compressor 431, the filter 432, and the intake valve 433 in this order. In the use process, air is filtered through the filter 432 by the air inlet valve 433, pressurized by the air compressor 431 and then enters the hydrogen fuel cell 41 to participate in the oxidation discharge reaction.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the power generation unit 4 further includes a waste water tank 44, the waste water tank 44 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 41, a drain valve 45 is disposed on the waste water tank 44, and the waste water tank 44 is used for receiving and draining water generated by the reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell 41. Further, a drain valve 45 is provided at the bottom of the wastewater tank 44 to facilitate draining the wastewater in the wastewater tank 44.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the anode and cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 are connected to the electric device 5 to supply electric power to the electric device 5.
The specific working procedure of the invention is as follows:
(1) In the heat pump circulation unit 2, a heat pump working medium is compressed, condensed, regenerated, throttled and evaporated through a compressor 21, a condenser 22, a regenerative heat exchanger 25, a throttle valve 23 and an evaporator 24, and part of heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 is transferred to hydrogen-rich oil, so that the partial cooling of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 and the heating and dehydrogenation of the hydrogen-rich oil are realized;
(2) The heat pump working medium exchanges heat with the hydrogen-rich oil output by the hydrogen-rich oil tank 11 in the condenser 22, so that the heated hydrogen-rich oil separates out hydrogen in the gas-liquid separation tank 31, the hydrogen is conveyed to the hydrogen fuel cell 41, the oxygen conveying unit 43 conveys air to the hydrogen fuel cell 41, the hydrogen reacts with oxygen to discharge, and electric energy is provided for the electric equipment 5; the hydrogen-depleted oil is delivered to the hydrogen-depleted oil tank 12;
(3) The cooling circulation unit 42 takes away the excessive heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 through the cooling medium to maintain the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 in a high-efficiency operation temperature zone, and to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 41.
According to the invention, the heat pump circulation unit 2 is arranged between the hydrogen fuel cell 41 and the dehydrogenation process of the hydrogen-rich oil, so that the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 can be efficiently utilized to meet the heat requirement of the dehydrogenation of the hydrogen-rich oil under the condition of consuming part of electric energy; compared with the method for providing heat for hydrogen-rich oil through other combustion devices or electric heaters, the method has the advantages that the energy utilization efficiency is high, the heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell 41 and the dehydrogenation of organic liquid can be realized at the same time, the system structure is simple, and the application is convenient.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The waste heat dehydrogenation system of the fuel cell is characterized by comprising a hydrogen storage unit (1), a heat pump circulation unit (2), a gas-liquid separation unit (3) and a power generation unit (4);
the hydrogen storage unit (1) comprises a hydrogen-rich oil tank (11) and a hydrogen-lean oil tank (12), wherein the hydrogen-rich oil tank (11) is used for storing hydrogen-rich oil, and the hydrogen-lean oil tank (12) is used for storing hydrogen-lean oil;
the heat pump circulation unit (2) is used for transferring part of heat of the power generation unit (4) to hydrogen-rich oil so as to realize partial cooling of the power generation unit (4) and heating dehydrogenation of the hydrogen-rich oil;
the gas-liquid separation unit (3) comprises a gas-liquid separation tank (31) for separating the hydrogen-rich oil after heat exchange into hydrogen and hydrogen-poor oil;
the power generation unit (4) comprises a hydrogen fuel cell (41), and part of heat released by the hydrogen fuel cell (41) is transferred to the heat pump circulation unit (2) so as to realize normal operation of the heat pump circulation unit (2);
the hydrogen-rich oil tank (11) is connected with a cold source inlet of the heat pump circulation unit (2), a cold source outlet of the heat pump circulation unit (2) is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separation tank (31), an air outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank (31) is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell (41), and a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank (31) is connected with the hydrogen-poor oil tank (12).
2. The fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat pump cycle unit (2) comprises a compressor (21), a condenser (22), a throttle valve (23) and an evaporator (24), an outlet of the compressor (21) is connected to a heat source inlet of the condenser (22), a heat source outlet of the condenser (22) is connected to an inlet of the throttle valve (23), an outlet of the throttle valve (23) is connected to an inlet of the evaporator (24), and an outlet of the evaporator (24) is connected to an inlet of the compressor (21); the hydrogen-rich oil tank (11) is connected with a cold source inlet of the condenser (22), and a cold source outlet of the condenser (22) is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separation tank (31).
3. The fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat pump cycle unit (2) further comprises a regenerative heat exchanger (25), a heat source outlet of the condenser (22) is connected with a heat source inlet of the regenerative heat exchanger (25), a heat source outlet of the regenerative heat exchanger (25) is connected with an inlet of the throttle valve (23), an outlet of the evaporator (24) is connected with a heat source inlet of the regenerative heat exchanger (25), and a heat source outlet of the regenerative heat exchanger (25) is connected with an inlet of the compressor (21).
4. The fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system according to claim 2, characterized in that the evaporator (24) is provided in the hydrogen fuel cell (41), and the heat pump working medium in the evaporator (24) takes away part of the heat of the hydrogen fuel cell (41) by evaporating and absorbing heat.
5. The fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat pump working medium of the heat pump circulation unit (2) is a mixed working medium of two or more kinds including at least two kinds of butane, isopentane and hexane.
6. The fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas-liquid separation unit (3) further comprises an auxiliary heater (32), the auxiliary heater (32) being for heating the gas-liquid separation tank (31).
7. The fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the power generation unit (4) further comprises a cooling circulation unit (42), the cooling circulation unit (42) being for taking away the surplus heat of the hydrogen fuel cell (41).
8. The fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling circulation unit (42) comprises a cooler (421), a fan coil (422), a circulation pump (423) and a liquid storage tank (424) which are connected in order from the beginning; the cooling medium in the cooler (421) takes away the redundant heat of the hydrogen fuel cell (41), then the cooling medium enters the fan coil (422) to discharge the heat into the atmosphere through air cooling, and finally the cooling medium enters the next circulation; the circulating pump (423) provides power for the cooling circulating unit (42), and the liquid storage tank (424) supplements cooling medium and stabilizes pressure for the cooling circulating unit (42).
9. The fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation unit (4) further comprises an oxygen therapy unit (43), the oxygen therapy unit (43) comprises an air compressor (431), a filter (432) and an air inlet valve (433), and the hydrogen fuel cell (41) is sequentially connected with the air compressor (431), the filter (432) and the air inlet valve (433).
10. The fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the power generation unit (4) further comprises a waste water tank (44), the waste water tank (44) is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell (41), and a drain valve (45) is provided on the waste water tank (44).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311203731.1A CN116995263A (en) | 2023-09-18 | 2023-09-18 | Fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311203731.1A CN116995263A (en) | 2023-09-18 | 2023-09-18 | Fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116995263A true CN116995263A (en) | 2023-11-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311203731.1A Pending CN116995263A (en) | 2023-09-18 | 2023-09-18 | Fuel cell waste heat dehydrogenation system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116995263A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-09-18 CN CN202311203731.1A patent/CN116995263A/en active Pending
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