CN1169910C - Process for producing synthetic gas by pyrolysis of gasified bio-matter using plasma - Google Patents
Process for producing synthetic gas by pyrolysis of gasified bio-matter using plasma Download PDFInfo
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- CN1169910C CN1169910C CNB011299312A CN01129931A CN1169910C CN 1169910 C CN1169910 C CN 1169910C CN B011299312 A CNB011299312 A CN B011299312A CN 01129931 A CN01129931 A CN 01129931A CN 1169910 C CN1169910 C CN 1169910C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing synthetic gas by thermally cracking and gasifying biologic substances by plasma. The method comprises the following steps: hydrogen, CH4 or water vapor used as working gas (7) is ionized into high temperature plasma in a direct current arc plasma generator (4), and the working gas is sprayed into a thermal cracking region of a plasma gasification reactor (5) to form a high temperature environment of 3000 to 10000k; a few biologic substances used as raw materials are carried and sprayed into the thermal cracking region of the plasma gasification reactor (5) through a screw feeder (10) by CH4 or CO2 used as supporting gas (8), which forms a high temperature reaction environment in which lots of active ions exist; lots of biologic substances used as raw materials enter a gasification region of the plasma gasification reactor (5) through a screw feeder (10-1), hot vapor (3) generated by a water vapor generator (2) is led into the gasification region, and the biologic substances and the hot vapor have a fast thermal cracking and gasification reaction in a high temperature region of the reactor to generate crude chemical synthetic gas. The method can enhance the gasification efficiency and the grade of gas and thoroughly eliminate tar.
Description
Affiliated technical field:
The high effect cleaning that the present invention relates to biomass is produced a kind of novel method of synthetic gas, further relates to a kind of method of producing synthetic gas with the plasma pyrolysis gasified bio-matter.
Technical background:
Because the supply of petroleum resources reserves finite sum world market is unstable, comes into one's own day by day from synthetic gas manufacturing chemistry product.Synthetic gas mainly obtains by approach such as gasification, natural gas gasifying and heavy residual oil gasifications at present.Biomass are a kind of renewable energy sources, and reserves are very abundant, and energy utilization can realize CO as an alternative
2Zero release, and S wherein, N content are low, alleviate Greenhouse effect and environmental pollution greatly.The efficient utilization research of relevant biomass mainly concentrates on burning both at home and abroad, gasification utilizes the aspect, obtains combustible gas by gasification and comes combustion heat supplying or generating.Conventional biomass pyrogenation gasification efficient is low, and the inflammable gas calorific value is lower, and the tar that gasification produces is more, causes the gas-purification difficulty, waste energy and resource.External employing catalytic pyrolysis reduces the tar content in the gasifying gas, but the inflammable gas production cost is increased greatly, and tar still fails to eliminate fully.
Plasma technique studies show that aspect coal, natural gas pyrolysis system acetylene and the papermaking thick black liquid processing in recent years: plasma body is not only as thermal barrier, and can participate in pyrolysis, and product exists with solid phase and gas phase form.Chinese patent application (88101785.X) is come reactor heating with air plasma as outer thermal source, reclaim chemical by thermolysis spent pulping liquor, generating molten mass (alkali and sulphur in the waste liquid) and gas (the organic part in the waste liquid) discharges respectively, keep reaction zone spatial high temperature like this, energy expenditure is big, technological design simultaneously and system's control more complicated.Chinese patent application (90101614.4) then adopts nitrogen, nitrogen hydrogen mixeding gas as working gas, black liquor directly sprayed into carry out pyrolysis in the plasma flame district, obtain pressed powder and inflammable gas, a nitrogen content height in the one side working gas, the gaseous product separation difficulty, can't directly obtain synthetic gas, black liquor directly decomposes at high-temperature plasma on the other hand, and energy consumption is also bigger.Chinese patent application 96199884 discloses the method and apparatus of producing coal gas with the plasma pyrolysis gasification of coal, it is with coal and air preheating together, generation low-temperature plasma stream, send into reaction chamber later on, coal of sending in a large number afterwards and air carry out perfect combustion and gasification under this reaction chamber hot environment.Extensively and a large amount of solid biomass such as wood powder, husks etc. that exist, be a kind of fine potential energy, be not reported so far with the plasma pyrolysis method that wood powder, husk class solid biomass produce synthetic gas that gasifies.
The purpose of invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of gasification efficiency and gas grade of improving, thoroughly eliminate tar, improve prepared using and be worth, eliminate environmental pollution and cut down the consumption of energy produce the method for synthetic gas with plasma pyrolysis gasified bio-matter-animals and plants powder.
The technical scheme of invention:
A kind ofly produce the method for synthetic gas, comprise successively with the plasma pyrolysis gasified bio-matter:
Working gas 7 is ionized to high-temperature plasma in dc arc plasma generator 4, and spurts into plasma gasification reactor 5 pyrolysis zone formation 3000-10000K hot environment;
A small amount of biomass material is carried by carrier gas 8 through feeding screw 10 and sprays into plasma gasification reactor 5 pyrolysis zone, forms the pyroreaction environment that a large amount of active ions exist;
The large number of biological raw material enters plasma gasification reactor 5 gasification zones and water vapour producer 2 through feeding screw 10-1 and produces and carry out the fast pyrogenation gasification reaction through superheated steam 3 in the reactor high temperature district, generates thick chemosynthesis gas;
To the aftertreatment of purifying of thick chemosynthesis gas.
Working gas of the present invention is selected from hydrogen, CH
4Or a kind of in the water vapour or two kinds.Carrier gas is CH
4Or/and CO
2CH
4Or CO
2Participate in the pyrolytic gasification reaction in plasma gasification reactor 5 gasification zones.Biomass of the present invention in the plasma gasification reactor under the anoxybiotic state without the direct pyrolytic gasification of burning, with Chinese patent application 96199884 described coals with air carries out perfect combustion under the reaction chamber hot environment and gasification has tangible difference.
Biomass material of the present invention comprises the animals and plants dried powder, and fineness is 60～100mesh (order).
Purification postprocessing working procedures of the present invention is included in grey chamber 6 and carries out sedimentation and preliminary cooling, and reaction residues further settles down by cyclone separation system 12, and gaseous product separates wherein impurity (as: CO by filtering system 13 more successively with chemical absorption system 14
2, H
2S etc.), finally obtain the higher chemosynthesis gas (CO+H of purity
2) 15.
The present invention produces the synthetic gas device with the plasma pyrolysis gasified bio-matter and mainly is made up of with purification system, feeding screw 10,10-1 and Controlling System, water vapour producer 2 etc. DC arc plasma Controlling System 1 and producer 4, plasma gasification reactor 5, cooling 9.Plasma generator and grey chamber all lower the temperature by water coolant 9, and reactor adopts thermal insulation layer 11 to reduce calorific loss.Flow by adjusting water vapour and biomass kind obtain the synthetic gas and the by product of different purposes in addition, and the recyclable utilization of the heat of cooling system provides the water vapor of reaction needed.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is for to produce the synthetic gas device with the plasma pyrolysis gasified bio-matter.Among the figure, 1. DC arc plasma Controlling System, 2. water vapour producer, 3. superheated vapo(u)r, 4. plasma generator, 5. plasma gasification reactor, 6. grey chamber, 7. working gas, 8. carrier gas, 9. water coolant, 10. feeding screw, 11. thermal insulation layers, 12 cyclone separation systems, 13. filtering system, 14. chemical absorption systems, 15. chemosynthesis gas.
In following examples, will further specify the present invention, but the present invention will not be construed as limiting.
Embodiment one:
Working gas H
2Be ionized the about 5000K high-temperature plasma of formation at dc arc plasma generator 4, spray into plasma gasification reactor 5 pyrolysis zone; Biomass 80mesh China fir powder through feeding screw 10 with the speed of 2kg/h by carrier gas CH
48 carry and enter reactor 5 taper reducing Φ 30 pyrolysis zone, produce a large amount of active particles and enter the gasification zone through reactor taper reducing, and temperature is higher than 3000K; This moment, biomass China fir powder entered in the reactor gasification zone with 8kg/h speed through feeding screw 10-1, process superheated steam 3 (150～200 ℃) of water vapour producer 2 generations simultaneously also enter the reactor gasification zone with the speed of 8～12kg/h, carry out fast pyrogenation gasification reaction 3～10ms, the existence of reactor lower part taper reducing Φ 30 has prolonged residence time of material, reaction is compared thoroughly, the residue that gaseous product carries is after the 6 preliminary sedimentations of grey chamber, entering cyclonic separator 12 further separates and cooling, subparticle is removed by system 13 after filtration again, enters chemical absorption system 14 and removes CO
2, H
2S, NH
3Deng, obtain chemosynthesis gas 15 at last, H
2Reach 95～99%, H with the content of CO
2With the ratio of CO be 1.8～2.2.
Embodiment two:
With CH
4Replace H
2As working gas, with CO
2Replaced C H
4Carry out the same with embodiment one reaction of producing synthetic gas, the not obviously difference of chemosynthesis gas that obtains at last and embodiment one, H as carrier gas with the plasma pyrolysis gasified bio-matter
2Reach 95～99%, H with the content of CO
2With the ratio of CO be 1.8～2.2.
The present invention has following outstanding advantages and good effect:
1, take full advantage of high temperature, the high-energy reaction environment that hot plasma provides, the gasification efficiency height, thoroughly crack biomass becomes Be micro-molecular gas, make gasification not have tar and form, eliminated environmental pollution.
2, utilize the solid biomass self-characteristic, the oxygen content usury is in forming CO gas, and sulphur, nitrogen content is low to reduce synthesis gas The refining load that purifies, moisture is higher, can participate in gasification reaction, can omit drying process.
3, sectional feeding can provide a large amount of active ions to participate in the plasma gasification reaction, greatly reduces the energy consumption of system.
4, whole processing procedure all is among the closed system; Working gas is hydrogen, CH4Or steam; CH is adopted in carrier gas4Or CO2, they have participated in the pyrolytic gasification reaction, do not affect gaseous product and form.
5, the gasification mist in H2With CO be main, CO2、H
2S、NH
3Very low Deng impurity content, the gas purification process is simple. The origin of heat of working gas steam is in the cooling heat release of gasifying gas.
6, working gas forms, the biomass material type by adjusting, and can obtain synthesis gas and the accessory substance of different purposes.
7, reactor taper reducing existence has prolonged residence time of material, and reaction is carried out fully.
Claims (3)
1. produce the method for synthetic gas with the plasma pyrolysis gasified bio-matter for one kind, comprise successively:
Working gas (7) is ionized to high-temperature plasma in dc arc plasma generator (4), and to spurt into plasma gasification reactor (5) pyrolysis zone formation temperature be the hot environment of 3000-10000K, and working gas is selected from hydrogen, CH
4Or a kind of in the water vapour or two kinds;
A small amount of biomass material through feeding screw (10) by CH
4Or/and CO
2Carrier gas (8) is carried and is sprayed into plasma gasification reactor (5) pyrolysis zone, forms the pyroreaction environment that a large amount of active ions exist;
The large number of biological raw material enters plasma gasification reactor (5) gasification zone and water vapour producer (2) through feeding screw (10-1) and produces and carry out the fast pyrogenation gasification reaction through superheated steam (3) in the reactor high temperature district, generates thick chemosynthesis gas;
To the aftertreatment of purifying of thick chemosynthesis gas.
2. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly produce the method for synthetic gas, it is characterized in that biomass material comprises the animals and plants dried powder with the plasma pyrolysis gasified bio-matter.
3. according to claim 1 and 2ly a kind ofly produce the method for synthetic gas, it is characterized in that biomass material dried powder fineness is the 60-100 order with the plasma pyrolysis gasified bio-matter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011299312A CN1169910C (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2001-11-20 | Process for producing synthetic gas by pyrolysis of gasified bio-matter using plasma |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011299312A CN1169910C (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2001-11-20 | Process for producing synthetic gas by pyrolysis of gasified bio-matter using plasma |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1420155A CN1420155A (en) | 2003-05-28 |
| CN1169910C true CN1169910C (en) | 2004-10-06 |
Family
ID=4669568
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011299312A Expired - Fee Related CN1169910C (en) | 2001-11-20 | 2001-11-20 | Process for producing synthetic gas by pyrolysis of gasified bio-matter using plasma |
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| CN (1) | CN1169910C (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100381352C (en) * | 2006-02-25 | 2008-04-16 | 周开根 | Method and device for plasma producing hydrogen by using garbage biomass and water as raw material |
| CN101306796B (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-10-27 | 周开根 | Plasma gasification equipment for changing garbage raw material to be syngas of high heat value |
| US8349046B2 (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2013-01-08 | Enerjetik Llc | Method of making syngas and apparatus therefor |
| CN101638590B (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2012-09-19 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for producing synthesis gas by combustible solid waste chemical chain gasification and interconnected fluidized bed reactor |
| CN101693845B (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2012-09-05 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method and device for preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis |
| CN102125818B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2013-12-11 | 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 | Method and device for preparing high-temperature active particle-rich water vapor by plasma |
| CN102061196A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-05-18 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Power generation method and device adopting plasma gasification of household garbage and biomass |
| CN102260537B (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-01-22 | 阳光凯迪新能源集团有限公司 | Device for preparing combustible gas by virtue of plasma pyrolysis and oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting material |
| US10144874B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-12-04 | Terrapower, Llc | Method and system for performing thermochemical conversion of a carbonaceous feedstock to a reaction product |
| US9376639B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-06-28 | Terrapower, Llc | Method and system for performing gasification of carbonaceous feedstock |
| CN106927991B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2020-08-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Water vapor thermal plasma cracking treatment method for asphaltene |
| CN109997267B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2022-10-21 | 欧奈科学股份公司 | System, apparatus and method for generating electricity by converting water into hydrogen and oxygen |
| CN106753458A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏河海新能源股份有限公司 | A kind of semi-coke process units |
| WO2018176026A1 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | Terrapower, Llc | Method and system for recycling pyrolysis tail gas through conversion into formic acid |
| US10787610B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2020-09-29 | Terrapower, Llc | Flexible pyrolysis system and method |
| CN109355077A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-19 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of gasification installation of compound multiple feed |
| CN111088077B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-11-24 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Large biomass fixed bed gasification system and method for measuring cold and hot gasification efficiency |
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- 2001-11-20 CN CNB011299312A patent/CN1169910C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1420155A (en) | 2003-05-28 |
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Assignee: Dongguan Baida New Energy Co., Ltd. Assignor: Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences Contract record no.: 2011440000728 Denomination of invention: Process for producing synthetic gas by pyrolysis of gasified bio-matter using plasma Granted publication date: 20041006 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20030528 Record date: 20110713 |
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Granted publication date: 20041006 Termination date: 20161120 |