CN101693845B - Method and device for preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis - Google Patents
Method and device for preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis. Based on the different pyrolysis properties of main chemical constituents, i.e., cellulose, hemicellulose and lignose of biomass, the invention provides the technical scheme which carries out the selective fast pyrolysis on the biomass by a three-stage system comprising a spiral pyrolysis reactor, a shallow fluidized bed and a deep fluidized bed under different temperatures and meets the technical requirement on fast pyrolysis, and different products can be prepared in stages, wherein a certain amount of organic acid (mainly acetic acid) and aldehyde products are prepared on the first stage; a certain amount of phenol products are prepared on the second stage; and the biological oil, the main product of the system, is obtained on the third stage. The biological oil finally prepared by the selective staged pyrolysis is characterized by low content of water, acidoid and solid particulates and high stability of storage and transportation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device thereof for preparing bio oil with the biomass material pyrolysis.
Background technology
At present; Developed country is that master's biomass industry is surging forward with bioenergy and Chemicals production, wherein, produces bio oil with the biomass fast pyrogenation technology; Greatly developing bioenergy to substitute fossil oil, is current research main flow and frontier development.Because the biomass fast pyrogenation condition is very harsh, at present with the bio oil of biomass pyrolytic preparation, exist oxygen level high, corrodibility and viscosity are bigger, problems such as complex chemical composition and storage instability, substitute oil fuel still has certain distance.
CN02112008.8t and CN02218043.5 disclose technology and the device that liquid fuel is produced in a kind of biomass integrated thermo-cracking classification; Adopt the variable cross-section fluidized-bed reactor; The fractional condensation system that high, medium and low condensing surface is formed obtains the bio oil of different fractions through fractional condensation.This technology still exists pyrolysis to make a low multiple use and problems such as the bio oil quality is not high.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to have different thermal decomposition characteristics based on each main chemical composition (Mierocrystalline cellulose, semicellulose and xylogen) of biomass; In conjunction with the technical requirements of fast pyrogenation, a kind of method and device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis proposed.
The method of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis proposed by the invention comprises following process step:
(1), one-level low temperature pyrogenation step: will be broken in the fine grain biomass material input spiral pyrolysis reactor and under the pyrolysis temperature of 200～280 ℃ (preferred 240～260 ℃), carry out low temperature pyrogenation; Produce pyrolysis gas and residual Jiao of pyrolysis of biomass, collect the pyrolysis gas that is produced and carry out condensation dehydration acquisition aldehydes and organic acid chemical;
(2), secondary low temperature pyrogenation step: residual burnt the input in the surface bed fluidized-bed of pyrolysis that will go up a generating step further carried out the low temperature fast pyrogenation under the pyrolysis temperature of 300～350 ℃ (preferred 310～330 ℃); The gas velocity of surface bed fluidized-bed is controlled at 0.1～0.5m/s; Generation contains the pyrolysis gas of small molecules phenolic cpd and the pyrolysis solid product of rich cellulose and part xylogen; The pyrolysis gas that contains the small molecules phenolic cpd that is produced carries out introducing condensing tower after the gas solid separation through the built-in cyclonic separator that is located in the surface bed fluidized-bed; Condensated gas in the pyrolysis gas obtains small molecules phenols chemical after condensation;
(3), three grades of pyrolysis step: the pyrolysis solid product that step (two) produces is introduced dark bed fluidized-bed by the solid product outlet that is located at surface bed fluidized-bed emulsion zone middle and upper part; Under 450～600 ℃ of (preferred 480～550 ℃) temperature, carry out fast pyrogenation; The gas velocity of dark bed fluidized-bed is controlled at 0.2～0.8m/s; The pyrolysis gas that produces after filtering out solid particulate entrained in the pyrolysis gas, dark tube bank strainer in the fluidized-bed is introduced tubular heat exchange through being located at; Condensable gas in the pyrolysis gas gets high-quality fuel oil after the tubular heat exchange condensation, be collected among the bio oil holding tank;
(4), high-temperature flue gas produces step: will introduce the high-temperature flue gas that fully burns and produce in the combustion chamber by the effusive pyrolysis gas of dark bed fluidized-bed top exit, the effusive uncooled pyrolysis gas of tubular heat exchange lower part outlet and the effusive uncooled pyrolysis gas of condensing tower pneumatic outlet, and after cyclonic separator purifies, be transported to spiral pyrolysis reactor, surface bed fluidized-bed and dark bed fluidized-bed gas approach respectively.
The device that is used for the embodiment of the present invention method; Its system architecture comprises: spiral pyrolysis reactor, surface bed fluidized-bed, dark bed fluidized-bed, combustion chamber, condensing tower, tubular heat exchange and bio oil holding tank; Described spiral pyrolysis reactor is used for biomass material is carried out low temperature pyrogenation, and the front end of this reactor drum is provided with hopper, and the rear end is provided with pyrolysis gas outlet and the residual burnt outlet of pyrolysis; Spiral promoting shaft is arranged in the reactor drum; Peripheral hardware heating jacket, described spiral promoting shaft are the gradual-enlargement type structure, and promptly the diameter of spiral promoting shaft enlarges along the material direction of propulsion gradually; Described surface bed fluidized-bed is used for residual Jiao of pyrolysis that spiral pyrolysis reactor produces is further carried out the low temperature fast pyrogenation; The residual burnt outlet of the pyrolysis of spiral pyrolysis reactor is connected to the opening for feed of surface bed fluidized-bed through the first star-like discharge valve and first feeding screw; The below of surface bed fluidized-bed is provided with the high-temperature flue gas import; The middle and lower part is provided with the solid product outlet, and the middle and upper part is provided with built-in cyclonic separator, and the outlet of built-in cyclonic separator is drawn from the top of surface bed fluidized-bed; Be connected with condensing tower, the condensing tower bottom is provided with phlegma delivery port and uncondensed gas outlet; Described dark bed fluidized-bed is used for the pyrolysis solid product that the surface bed fluidized-bed produces is carried out fast pyrogenation once more; The solid product outlet of surface bed fluidized-bed is connected to the opening for feed of dark bed fluidized-bed through the second star-like discharge valve and second feeding screw; Bottom at dark bed fluidized-bed is provided with the high-temperature flue gas import; The middle part is provided with the tube bank strainer, and top is provided with pneumatic outlet, and the output terminal of tube bank strainer is connected with the input terminus of tubular heat exchange; The bottom of tubular heat exchange is provided with uncondensed gas output channel and condensation fluid output channel, and this condensation fluid output channel is connected with the bio oil holding tank; Described combustion chamber is used to produce supply spiral pyrolysis reactor, surface bed fluidized-bed and the required high-temperature flue gas thermal source of dark bed fluidized bed pyrolysis reaction; This combustion chamber has combustion gas input aperture, air-in and high-temperature flue gas delivery port; Its combustion gas input aperture is connected with the pneumatic outlet on dark bed fluidized-bed top, the gas output tube road of tubular heat exchange bottom and the uncondensed gas outlet of condensing tower respectively; Introduce pyrolysis gas or uncooled pyrolysis gas; Interact and the high-temperature flue gas of burning generation with the air that blasts by air-in, from the high-temperature flue gas delivery port, output after cyclonic separator purifies.
At spiral pyrolysis reactor of the present invention; Its spiral promoting shaft adopts the gradual-enlargement type structure; Purpose be make biomass material in reactor drum pyrolysis on one side on one side by spiral promoting shaft forward in the pushing course; Because of the diameter of axle of spiral promoting shaft enlarges gradually, constantly strengthen material is rolled, finally can make residual burnt broken next process step of particle input that becomes of the pyrolysis of formation.The minimum diameter of the spiral promoting shaft of described spiral pyrolysis reactor and the ratio of maximum diameter can be designed to 1: 3～1: 1.5.
Below be the suitable plan of apparatus of the present invention each several part structure:
The opening for feed of described surface bed fluidized-bed is positioned at the position of surface bed fluidized-bed bottom 1/6～1/4 fluidisation height of bed;
The solid product outlet of described surface bed fluidized-bed is positioned at the position of surface bed fluidized-bed middle and lower part 1/5～1/3 fluidisation height of bed;
The aspect ratio of described surface bed fluidized-bed is 1: 1～1: 4;
The aspect ratio of described dark bed fluidized-bed is 1: 5～1: 15;
The opening for feed of described dark bed fluidized-bed is positioned at the position of dark bed fluidized-bed bottom 1/6～1/3 fluidisation height of bed;
The dipleg of described built-in cyclonic separator stretches in the emulsion zone of surface bed fluidized-bed;
The straight tube bottom of described tube bank strainer is stretched in the emulsion zone of dark bed fluidized-bed, and built-in length accounts for 1/2～1/3 of length of straight pipe.
It is 5 μ m～30 μ m that small aperture is used in the upward filtration of described tube bank strainer.
The present invention has different thermal decomposition characteristics according to each main chemical composition (Mierocrystalline cellulose, semicellulose and xylogen) of biomass; Under differing temps, biomass are carried out the selectivity fast pyrogenation through three-level system; The gradable Different products of preparing, the first step make certain amount of organic acid (mainly being acetate) and aldehyde product; The second stage makes a certain amount of phenol products; The third stage obtains the main products bio oil of native system.Because the selectivity pyrolysis is produced; The bio oil that finally makes has that low water content, corrodibility are little, the characteristics of stable in properties; Prepared bio oil can reach following technical indicator: bio oil moisture reduces (conventional fast pyrogenation 20～30%) below 15%; Improve pH value (3.0～4.5) to reduce biological corrosion property (conventional fast pyrogenation pH value=2), reduce solid particulate matter content＜0.1% in the bio oil.Obtain chemical products such as a certain amount of aldehydes and organic acid, small molecules phenolic cpd simultaneously.
Therefore, the present invention can realize following technique effect:
(1) high-level efficiency is carried out the selectivity fast pyrogenation to each main chemical composition in the biomass, can realize the comprehensive utilization of its resource and energy, has higher transformation efficiency.
(2) owing in fluidized-bed, adopt the tube bank strainer, gained bio oil particle content is low, the accumulating good stability.
(3) low cost because this project can obtain the chemical of high-quality biological matter fuel oil and high added value simultaneously, has reduced the aftertreatment cost, has improved the economy of total system.
(4) practicality, selectivity fast pyrolysis technology are applicable to distributed biomass fuel preparation, for having rural area or the forest farm user of agriculture and forestry organic waste material resource than horn of plenty, have better practicability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system construction drawing of the device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis of the present invention.
Identify among the figure: 1, spiral pyrolysis reactor; The pyrolysis gas outlet of 1-1, spiral pyrolysis reactor; The pyrolysis solid outlet of 1-2, spiral pyrolysis reactor; 2, shallow fluidized bed; 3, dark bed fluidized-bed; 4, combustion chamber; 4-1, combustion chamber cyclonic separator; 5, condensing tower; 5-1, phlegma delivery port; 5-2, condensing tower pneumatic outlet; 6, tubular heat exchange; 6-1, tube bank strainer; 6-2, tubular heat exchange gas output tube road; 7, bio oil holding tank; 8, fluidized bed material loopback pipe; 9, spiral promoting shaft; 10, spiral promoting shaft blade; 11, hopper; 12, outer heating jacket; 13, outer heat air inlet; 14, add heat outlet; 16, the first star-like discharge valve; 17, first feeding screw; 18, built-in cyclonic separator; 19, built-in cyclone dip-leg; 20, shallow fluidized bed inlet mouth; 22, shallow fluidized bed solid product outlet; 23, the second star-like discharge valve; 24, second feeding screw; 25, dark bed fluidized bed gas import; 26, dark bed fluidized-bed top gas outlet; 27, combustion chamber air; 28, gas fume of combustion chamber outlet; 29, exhanst gas outlet.
Embodiment
Below be further explain to the specific embodiment of the invention, should be as limitation of the present invention.
Design the device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis as shown in Figure 1, and use the following method of this device and flow process is carried out high-quality fuel oil of selectivity fast pyrogenation system and chemical to biomass:
Specify the biomass of particle diameter to be stored in the hopper 11 through dry being crushed to, under rotation cardan shaft 9 effects of spiral pyrolysis reactor 1, get in the spiral pyrolysis reactor 1 continuously.Under heating jacket 12 heating outside, biomass are carried out low temperature pyrogenation (one-level low temperature pyrogenation step) under 250 ℃ of temperature in spiral pyrolysis reactor.Pyrolysis gas flows out from pyrolysis gas outlet 1-1, and this pyrolysis gas can obtain chemical such as high added value aldehydes and organic acid after the condensation dehydration, and outer heating jacket 12 heating thermals source are to flow into from outer heat air inlet 13, from adding heat outlet 14 effusive high-temperature flue gas.High-temperature flue gas and biomass are following current arranges, to guarantee that formation is than homogeneous temp field (temperature is controlled at 250 ℃) in whole spiral pyrolysis reactor 1.Spiral promoting shaft 2 adopts the gradual-enlargement type design; The minimum diameter of spiral promoting shaft 9 and the ratio of maximum diameter are 1: 2; Export residual Jiao of pyrolysis continuous first feeding screw 17 that gets under first star-like discharge valve 16 controls of 1-2 output by the pyrolysis solid product of spiral pyrolysis reactor; And promoting down the opening for feed of entering shallow fluidized bed 2 continuously at it, this opening for feed is positioned at the position of the surface bed fluidized-bed bottom 1/5 fluidisation height of bed, through controlling the motion of the first star-like discharge valve 16; Can control the residence time of material in spiral pyrolysis reactor 1, between the spiral pyrolysis reactor 1 and first feeding screw 17, form the airtight gas blowby that prevents simultaneously; The aspect ratio of surface bed fluidized-bed is 1: 2; Get into residual Jiao of pyrolysis of shallow fluidized bed 2; Further pyrolysis under the high-temperature flue gas effect that shallow fluidized bed inlet mouth 20 infeeds (secondary low temperature pyrogenation step), its pyrolysis temperature is controlled at 320 ℃, and the pyrolysis gas product that shallow fluidized bed 2 produces is the solid particulate in the built-in cyclonic separator 18 divided gas flow products of elder generation's process before flowing out shallow fluidized bed 2; Get into condensing tower 5 then; After condensible gas wherein is condensed, can obtain small molecules phenols chemical, by the bottom phlegma delivery port 5-1 output of condensing tower 5; Uncooled gas in the pyrolysis gas product then flows out condensing tower 5 from condensing tower pneumatic outlet 5-2; Condensing tower pneumatic outlet 5-2 links to each other with combustion chamber 4 through pipeline, and the dipleg 19 of built-in cyclonic separator 18 is placed in the emulsion zone of shallow fluidized bed 2, and the solid particulate of separating from built-in cyclonic separator 18 directly is returned in the emulsion zone; The middle and upper part of the emulsion zone that the solid product outlet of shallow fluidized bed 2 is provided with; The pyrolysis solid product that forms behind the material reaction certain hour in the fluidized-bed can directly flow out from shallow fluidized bed solid product outlet 22, and through the opening for feed of the second star-like discharge valve 23 and the dark bed of second feeding screw, 24 inputs fluidized-bed 3, this opening for feed is positioned at the position of the dark bed fluidized-bed bottom 1/5 fluidisation height of bed; The aspect ratio of fluidized-bed is 1: 10; The residence time of material in shallow fluidized bed can be controlled through the velocity of rotation of the second star-like discharge valve 23, and the second star-like discharge valve 23 also is used to keep airtight between shallow fluidized bed solid product outlet 22 and second feeding screw 24 simultaneously, prevents gas blowby.The pyrolysis solid product of discharging from the second star-like discharge valve 23 is pushed under the effect of second feeding screw 24 in the dark bed fluidized-bed 3; Get into material further pyrolysis (three grades of pyrolysis step) under dark high-temperature flue gas that fluidized bed gas import 25 infeeds and air mixture effect of dark bed fluidized-bed 3; Pyrolysis temperature is controlled at 500 ℃; The heat release of partial material generation oxidizing reaction; For dark bed fluidized-bed 3 is maintained the temperature that needs the part heat is provided; The pyrolysis gas product that material produces in dark bed fluidized-bed filters out the solid particulate that carries in the gaseous product through tube bank strainer 6-1; Filtering the aperture of using on the straight tube of described tube bank strainer 6-1 is 10 μ m, gets into tubular heat exchange 6 through filtering pyrolysis gas, and the condensable gases in this pyrolysis aerogenesis is condensed in tubular heat exchange; And be collected in the bio oil holding tank 7; The small amount of solid lime-ash that pyrolysis produces flows out dark bed fluidized-bed 3 with air-flow from dark bed fluidized-bed top gas outlet 26, exports 26 effusive pyrolysis gas from the fluidized-bed top gas and feeds combustion chamber 4, and the uncooled gas in the tubular heat exchange then feeds combustion chamber 4 through the tubular heat exchange gas output tube road 6-2 of bottom; Feed under various pyrolysis gas and the air that blasts from combustion chamber air 27 in the combustion chamber fully that burning forms high-temperature flue gas, gone out the fluidized bed material by the pyrolysis band of gas on a small quantity and send dark bed fluidized-bed 3 back to through fluidized bed material loopback pipe 8.This high-temperature flue gas exports 28 outflow combustion chambers 4 from gas fume of combustion chamber; After combustion chamber cyclonic separator 4-1 isolates carbon residue wherein; Become clean flue gas to flow out from exhanst gas outlet 29; Infeeded outer heat air inlet 13, shallow fluidized bed gas feed 20, the dark bed fluidized bed gas import 25 of spiral pyrolysis reactor respectively; For each equipment provides the high-temperature flue gas that needs, the carbon residue that cyclonic separator 4-1 separates in the combustion chamber is then sent circulation can go back to the combustion chamber and is burnt away, and the fluidized bed material of being come by the pyrolysis band of gas in the combustion chamber also can be fed back into dark bed fluidized-bed 3 through fluidized bed material loopback pipe 8.
Claims (13)
1. the method for a preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis comprises following process step:
(1), one-level low temperature pyrogenation step: will be broken in the fine grain biomass material input spiral pyrolysis reactor and under 200 ~ 280 ℃ pyrolysis temperature, carry out low temperature pyrogenation; Produce pyrolysis gas and residual Jiao of pyrolysis of biomass, collect the pyrolysis gas that is produced and carry out condensation dehydration acquisition aldehydes and organic acid chemical;
(2), secondary low temperature pyrogenation step: residual burnt the input in the surface bed fluidized-bed of pyrolysis that will go up a generating step further carried out the low temperature fast pyrogenation under 300 ~ 350 ℃ pyrolysis temperature; The gas velocity of surface bed fluidized-bed is controlled at 0.1 ~ 0.5m/s; Generation contains the pyrolysis gas of small molecules phenolic cpd and the pyrolysis solid product of rich cellulose and part xylogen; The pyrolysis gas that contains the small molecules phenolic cpd that is produced carries out introducing condensing tower after the gas solid separation through the built-in cyclonic separator that is located in the surface bed fluidized-bed; Condensated gas in the pyrolysis gas obtains small molecules phenols chemical after condensation;
(3), three grades of pyrolysis step: the pyrolysis solid product that step (two) produces is introduced dark bed fluidized-bed by the solid product outlet that is located at surface bed fluidized-bed emulsion zone middle and upper part; Under 450 ~ 600 ℃ of temperature, carry out fast pyrogenation; The gas velocity of dark bed fluidized-bed is controlled at 0.2 ~ 0.8m/s; The pyrolysis gas that produces after filtering out solid particulate entrained in the pyrolysis gas, dark tube bank strainer in the fluidized-bed is introduced tubular heat exchange through being located at; Condensable gas in the pyrolysis gas gets high-quality fuel oil after the tubular heat exchange condensation, be collected among the bio oil holding tank;
(4), high-temperature flue gas produces step: will introduce the high-temperature flue gas that fully burns and produce in the combustion chamber by the effusive pyrolysis gas of dark bed fluidized-bed top exit, the effusive uncooled pyrolysis gas of tubular heat exchange lower part outlet and the effusive uncooled pyrolysis gas of condensing tower pneumatic outlet; The outer heat air inlet that a part is transported to spiral pyrolysis reactor after deliming purifies is as the pyrolysis thermal source; A part is transported to surface bed fluidized-bed and dark bed fluidized-bed gas approach, as pyrolysis thermal source and fluidized gas.
2. the method for preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis according to claim 1, the pyrolysis temperature that it is characterized in that the surface bed fluidized-bed is 310 ~ 330 ℃.
3. the method for preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that the pyrolysis temperature of dark bed fluidized-bed is 480 ~ 550 ℃.
4. the device of a preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis; It is characterized in that comprising: spiral pyrolysis reactor (1), surface bed fluidized-bed (2), dark bed fluidized-bed (3), combustion chamber (4), condensing tower (5), tubular heat exchange (6) and bio oil holding tank (7); Described spiral pyrolysis reactor (1) is used for biomass material is carried out low temperature pyrogenation; The front end of this reactor drum is provided with hopper (11); The rear end is provided with pyrolysis gas outlet (1-1) and the residual burnt outlet of pyrolysis (1-2), spiral promoting shaft (9) is arranged, peripheral hardware heating jacket (10) in the reactor drum; Described spiral promoting shaft (9) is the gradual-enlargement type structure, and promptly the diameter of spiral promoting shaft (9) enlarges along the material direction of propulsion gradually; Described surface bed fluidized-bed (2) is used for residual Jiao of pyrolysis that spiral pyrolysis reactor (1) produces is further carried out the low temperature fast pyrogenation; The residual burnt outlet of the pyrolysis of spiral pyrolysis reactor (1) (1-2) is connected to the opening for feed of surface bed fluidized-bed (2) through the first star-like discharge valve (16) and first feeding screw (17); The below of surface bed fluidized-bed (2) is provided with high-temperature flue gas import (20); The middle and lower part is provided with solid product outlet (22); The middle and upper part is provided with built-in cyclonic separator (18); The outlet of built-in cyclonic separator (18) is drawn from the top of surface bed fluidized-bed (2), is connected with condensing tower (5), and the condensing tower bottom is provided with phlegma delivery port (5-1) and uncondensed gas outlet (5-2); Described dark bed fluidized-bed is used for the pyrolysis solid product that the surface bed fluidized-bed produces is carried out fast pyrogenation once more; The solid product outlet (22) of surface bed fluidized-bed (2) is connected to the opening for feed of dark bed fluidized-bed (3) through the second star-like discharge valve (23) and second feeding screw (24); Bottom at dark bed fluidized-bed (3) is provided with high-temperature flue gas import (25); The middle part is provided with tube bank strainer (6-1); Top is provided with pneumatic outlet (26); The output terminal of tube bank strainer (6-1) is connected with the input terminus of tubular heat exchange (6), and the bottom of tubular heat exchange (6) is provided with uncondensed gas output channel (6-2) and condensation fluid output channel, and this condensation fluid output channel is connected with bio oil holding tank (7); Described combustion chamber (4) is used for producing supply spiral pyrolysis reactor (1), surface bed fluidized-bed (2) and the required high-temperature flue gas thermal source of dark bed fluidized-bed (3) pyrolytic reaction; This combustion chamber has combustion gas input aperture, air-in (27) and high-temperature flue gas delivery port (28); Its combustion gas input aperture is connected with the pneumatic outlet (26) on dark bed fluidized-bed (3) top, the gas output tube road (6-2) of tubular heat exchange (6) bottom and the uncondensed gas outlet (5-2) of condensing tower (5) respectively; Introduce pyrolysis gas or uncooled pyrolysis gas; Interact and the high-temperature flue gas of burning generation with the air that blasts by air-in (27); From high-temperature flue gas delivery port (28), output after cyclonic separator (4-1) purifies.
5. the device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis according to claim 4 is characterized in that minimum diameter and the ratio of maximum diameter of the spiral promoting shaft (9) of described spiral pyrolysis reactor (1) is 1: 3 ~ 1: 1.5.
6. the device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis according to claim 4 is characterized in that the opening for feed of described surface bed fluidized-bed (2) is positioned at the position of surface bed fluidized-bed bottom 1/6 ~ 1/4 fluidisation height of bed.
7. the device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis according to claim 4 is characterized in that the solid product outlet (22) of described surface bed fluidized-bed (2) is positioned at the position of surface bed fluidized-bed middle and lower part 1/5 ~ 1/3 fluidisation height of bed.
8. the device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis according to claim 4, the aspect ratio that it is characterized in that described surface bed fluidized-bed is 1: 1 ~ 1: 4.
9. the device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis according to claim 4 is characterized in that the aspect ratio of described dark bed fluidized-bed is 1: 5 ~ 1: 15.
10. the device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis according to claim 4 is characterized in that the opening for feed of described dark bed fluidized-bed (2) is positioned at the position of dark bed fluidized-bed bottom 1/6 ~ 1/3 fluidisation height of bed.
11. the device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis according to claim 4 is characterized in that the dipleg (19) of described built-in cyclonic separator (18) stretches in the emulsion zone of surface bed fluidized-bed (2).
12. the device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis according to claim 4 is characterized in that the straight tube bottom of described tube bank strainer (6-1) is stretched in the emulsion zone of dark bed fluidized-bed, built-in length accounts for 1/2 ~ 1/3 of length of straight pipe.
13. the device of preparing high-quality biological oil from biomass by selective pyrolysis according to claim 4, the aperture that it is characterized in that filtering usefulness on the straight tube of described tube bank strainer (6-1) is at 5 μ m～30 μ m.
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