CN116982680A - Method for preparing frog material containing shaddock polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis - Google Patents
Method for preparing frog material containing shaddock polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN116982680A CN116982680A CN202310988429.5A CN202310988429A CN116982680A CN 116982680 A CN116982680 A CN 116982680A CN 202310988429 A CN202310988429 A CN 202310988429A CN 116982680 A CN116982680 A CN 116982680A
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- Prior art keywords
- shaddock
- parts
- polysaccharide extract
- enzymolysis
- frog
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- -1 compound organic acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
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- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N L-lysine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 10
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- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960005337 lysine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methionine Chemical compound CSCCC(N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012792 lyophilization process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000270934 Rana catesbeiana Species 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
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- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 8
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- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940054333 biotin 2 mg Drugs 0.000 description 8
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 description 8
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 229940000252 folic acid 2 mg Drugs 0.000 description 8
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229940064880 inositol 100 mg Drugs 0.000 description 8
- XBDUTCVQJHJTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O XBDUTCVQJHJTQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 229940061634 magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229940089808 pyridoxine hydrochloride 10 mg Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 235000019192 riboflavin Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 description 8
- RMDJVOZETBHEAR-LQYWTLTGSA-N vitamin D5 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CC[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C RMDJVOZETBHEAR-LQYWTLTGSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 8
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- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229940087380 vitamin b 12 0.2 mg Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229940118149 zinc sulfate monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- RNZCSKGULNFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydrogen sulfate;hydroxide Chemical compound O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RNZCSKGULNFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N Thermopsosid Natural products O(C)c1c(O)ccc(C=2Oc3c(c(O)cc(O[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O4)c3)C(=O)C=2)c1 GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002212 flavone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001087 myotubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/116—Heterocyclic compounds
- A23K20/121—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen or sulfur as hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing frog materials containing shaddock polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis, belonging to the technical field of feeds. According to the preparation method of the frog material, the invention discovers that the nutrition matters in the synergistic feed of the shaddock polysaccharide extract in the range provided by the invention can improve the muscle texture of the frog, especially bullfrog, and exploits the effect of the shaddock polysaccharide extract in the field of feed; the invention also provides a preparation method of the shaddock polysaccharide extract, and compared with the traditional hot air drying and acid-base leaching, the prepared shaddock polysaccharide extract has the more complete performance of shaddock polysaccharide by freeze drying, composite enzymolysis, heating enzyme deactivation and purification; the method expands the application field of the shaddock peel, and provides a new solution to the problems that a large amount of shaddock peel is treated as garbage, resources are not fully utilized, economic benefits are not achieved, and environmental pollution can occur.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feeds, and particularly relates to a method for preparing frog materials containing shaddock polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis.
Background
The grapefruit is sweet and sour in taste, aromatic in smell and rich in various nutrients, and is a popular fruit. The pomelo peel accounts for more than 40% of the mass of the pomelo, contains water, vitamins, minerals and other components, and also contains a plurality of different physiological active components such as flavone, pectin, essential oil, natural pigment, dietary fiber and the like, and has high medicinal value. The pomelo peel polysaccharide is one of the main active ingredients in the pomelo peel, and has the effects of reducing blood fat, cholesterol and the like. However, a large amount of shaddock peel is still not effectively utilized, and resource waste is caused.
In the process of extracting the shaddock polysaccharide, the damage degree of the shaddock peel polysaccharide network structure is large in drying and traditional leaching, the shaddock peel polysaccharide performance is affected, and the effect of the shaddock peel polysaccharide can not be fully exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a method for preparing frog materials containing shaddock polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis, belonging to the technical field of feeds. According to the preparation method of the frog material, the invention discovers that the nutrition matters in the synergistic feed of the shaddock polysaccharide extract in the range provided by the invention can improve the muscle texture of the frog, especially bullfrog, and exploits the effect of the shaddock polysaccharide extract in the field of feed; the invention also provides a preparation method of the shaddock polysaccharide extract, and compared with the traditional hot air drying and acid-base leaching, the prepared shaddock polysaccharide extract has the more complete performance of shaddock polysaccharide by freeze drying, composite enzymolysis, heating enzyme deactivation and purification; the method expands the application field of the shaddock peel, and provides a new solution to the problems that a large amount of shaddock peel is treated as garbage, resources are not fully utilized, economic benefits are not achieved, and environmental pollution can occur.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing frog materials containing shaddock polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50-55 parts of bean pulp, 4.5-5 parts of corn starch, 1.2-1.5 parts of enzymolysis fish paste protein, 4-6 parts of shaddock polysaccharide extract, 4.5-5 parts of wheat gluten, 20-23 parts of flour, 3-3.5 parts of fish oil, 2.5-3 parts of soybean oil, 0.05-1 part of vitamin C polyphosphate, 1.5-1.6 parts of lysine hydrochloride and 0.2-0.35 part of DL-methionine.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the grapefruit polysaccharide extract comprises the following operations:
(1) Cleaning fresh shaddock peel, wiping, cutting into shaddock blocks, freezing for 48-60h, and then freeze-drying;
(2) Drying and crushing the shaddock blocks, and sieving the shaddock blocks with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain shaddock powder;
(3) Adding distilled water into the grapefruit powder, adding compound enzyme, uniformly mixing, adding compound organic acid to adjust pH, and performing enzymolysis reaction;
(4) Adding sodium bicarbonate, and then performing heating reaction;
(5) Adding ethanol solution, stirring while adding, standing, vacuum filtering, collecting precipitate, and oven drying to obtain fructus Citri Grandis polysaccharide extract.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lyophilization treatment in (1) is: and (3) putting the shaddock blocks into a freeze dryer, freeze-drying at the temperature of-70 to-80 ℃ until the water content is 5-6%, and sealing and storing in the dryer to avoid moisture absorption.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the dosage ratio of the grapefruit powder, the distilled water and the complex enzyme in the (3) is as follows: 1-1.5g, 50mL, 0.5-0.8g.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the complex enzyme in (3) is pectase and cellulase, and the mass ratio of pectase to cellulase is 1:0.8-1.1.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the temperature of the enzymolysis reaction in the step (3) is 45-50 ℃ and the reaction time is 60-80min.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pH in (3) is controlled to 4.8-5.0; the compound organic acid is citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid solution, and the volume concentration is 0.5-1%, 0.2-0.5% and 0.5-1% respectively.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the adding amount of the sodium bicarbonate in the step (4) is controlled to be 5.8-6.0 in pH value of the system after the sodium bicarbonate is added.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the heating reaction in (4) is carried out for 15 to 30 minutes, and the temperature of the heating reaction is 55 to 60 ℃.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the volume concentration of the ethanol solution in the step (5) is 95%, the standing time is 3 hours, and the drying is carried out in a drying oven at 60-65 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a method for preparing a frog material containing a shaddock polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis, which discovers that the shaddock polysaccharide extract cooperates with nutrient substances in feed to improve the muscle texture of frog in the frog family, especially bullfrog in the range provided by the invention, and exploits the effect of the shaddock polysaccharide extract in the field of feed;
2. the invention also provides a preparation method of the shaddock polysaccharide extract, and compared with the traditional hot air drying and acid-base leaching, the prepared shaddock polysaccharide extract has the more complete performance of shaddock polysaccharide by freeze drying, composite enzymolysis, heating enzyme deactivation and purification;
3. the method expands the application field of the shaddock peel, and provides a new solution to the problems that a large amount of shaddock peel is treated as garbage, resources are not fully utilized, economic benefits are not achieved, and environmental pollution can occur.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A shaddock polysaccharide extract is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Cleaning fresh shaddock peel, wiping, cutting into shaddock blocks, freezing for 48 hours, freeze-drying the shaddock blocks in a freeze dryer at-70 ℃ until the water content is 5-6%, and sealing and storing in a dryer to avoid moisture absorption;
(2) Drying and crushing the shaddock blocks, and sieving the shaddock blocks with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain shaddock powder;
(3) Adding distilled water into the shaddock powder, adding pectinase and cellulase compound enzyme in a mass ratio of 1:0.8, and uniformly mixing, wherein the dosage ratio of the shaddock powder to the distilled water to the compound enzyme is as follows: 1g:50ml:0.5g; adding compound organic acid to regulate pH to 4.8-5.0, and performing enzymolysis reaction at 45-50deg.C for 60min; the compound organic acid is citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid solution, and the volume concentration of the compound organic acid is 0.5%, 0.2% and 0.5% respectively;
(4) Adding sodium bicarbonate, wherein the adding amount of the sodium bicarbonate is that the pH value of the system after adding is controlled to be 5.8-6.0, and then heating and reacting for 15min at 55 ℃;
(5) Adding 95% ethanol solution, stirring, standing for 3 hr, vacuum filtering, collecting precipitate, and drying at 60deg.C to obtain extract.
Example 2
A shaddock polysaccharide extract is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Cleaning fresh shaddock peel, wiping, cutting into shaddock blocks, freezing for 54h, freeze-drying the shaddock blocks in a freeze dryer at-75deg.C until the water content is 5-6%, sealing, and storing in a dryer to avoid moisture absorption;
(2) Drying and crushing the shaddock blocks, and sieving the shaddock blocks with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain shaddock powder;
(3) Adding distilled water into the shaddock powder, adding pectinase and cellulase compound enzyme in a mass ratio of 1:1.1, and uniformly mixing, wherein the dosage ratio of the shaddock powder to the distilled water to the compound enzyme is as follows: 1.2g:50mL:0.6g; adding a compound organic acid to adjust the pH to 4.8-5.0, and performing enzymolysis reaction at 48 ℃ for 70min; the compound organic acid is citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid solution, and the volume concentration of the compound organic acid is 0.8%, 0.3% and 0.8% respectively;
(4) Adding sodium bicarbonate, wherein the adding amount of the sodium bicarbonate is that the pH value of the system after adding is controlled to be 5.8-6.0, and then heating the system at 58 ℃ for reaction for 22min;
(5) Adding 95% ethanol solution, stirring, standing for 3 hr, vacuum filtering, collecting precipitate, and drying at 62deg.C to obtain the final product.
Example 3
A shaddock polysaccharide extract is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Cleaning fresh shaddock peel, wiping, cutting into shaddock blocks, freezing for 60 hours, freeze-drying the shaddock blocks in a freeze dryer at-80 ℃ until the water content is 5-6%, and sealing and storing in a dryer to avoid moisture absorption;
(2) Drying and crushing the shaddock blocks, and sieving the shaddock blocks with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain shaddock powder;
(3) Adding distilled water into the shaddock powder, adding pectinase and cellulase compound enzyme in a mass ratio of 1:1, and uniformly mixing, wherein the dosage ratio of the shaddock powder to the distilled water to the compound enzyme is as follows: 1.5g:50mL:0.8g; adding a compound organic acid to adjust the pH to 4.8-5.0, and performing enzymolysis reaction at 50 ℃ for 80min; the compound organic acid is citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid solution, and the volume concentration of the compound organic acid is 1%, 0.5% and 1% respectively;
(4) Adding sodium bicarbonate, wherein the adding amount of the sodium bicarbonate is that the pH value of a system after adding is controlled to be 5.8-6.0, and then heating and reacting for 30min at 60 ℃;
(5) Adding 95% ethanol solution, stirring, standing for 3 hr, vacuum filtering, collecting precipitate, and drying at 65deg.C in a drying oven to obtain the final product.
Comparative example 1
A shaddock polysaccharide extract is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Cleaning fresh shaddock peel, wiping, cutting into shaddock blocks, freezing for 48-60h, freeze-drying, drying the shaddock blocks at 80 ℃ until the water content is 5-6%, sealing and storing in a dryer to avoid moisture absorption; a shaddock polysaccharide extract is prepared by the following preparation method:
(2) Drying and crushing the shaddock blocks, and sieving the shaddock blocks with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain shaddock powder;
(3) Adding distilled water into the shaddock powder, adding pectinase and cellulase compound enzyme in a mass ratio of 1:1, and uniformly mixing, wherein the dosage ratio of the shaddock powder to the distilled water to the compound enzyme is as follows: 1.5g:50mL:0.8g; adding a compound organic acid to adjust the pH to 4.8-5.0, and performing enzymolysis reaction at 50 ℃ for 80min; the compound organic acid is citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid solution, and the volume concentration of the compound organic acid is 1%, 0.5% and 1% respectively;
(4) Adding sodium bicarbonate, wherein the adding amount of the sodium bicarbonate is that the pH value of a system after adding is controlled to be 5.8-6.0, and then heating and reacting for 30min at 60 ℃;
(5) Adding 95% ethanol solution, stirring, standing for 3 hr, vacuum filtering, collecting precipitate, and drying at 65deg.C in a drying oven to obtain the final product.
Comparative example 2
A shaddock polysaccharide extract is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Cleaning fresh shaddock peel, wiping, cutting into shaddock blocks, freezing for 60 hours, freeze-drying the shaddock blocks in a freeze dryer at-80 ℃ until the water content is 5-6%, and sealing and storing in a dryer to avoid moisture absorption;
(2) Drying and crushing the shaddock blocks, and sieving the shaddock blocks with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain shaddock powder;
(3) Adding distilled water into the shaddock powder, adding pectinase and cellulase compound enzyme in a mass ratio of 1:1, and uniformly mixing, wherein the dosage ratio of the shaddock powder to the distilled water to the compound enzyme is as follows: 1.5g:50mL:0.8g; performing enzymolysis reaction at 50deg.C for 80min;
(4) Adding sodium bicarbonate, wherein the adding amount of the sodium bicarbonate is that the pH value of a system after adding is controlled to be 5.8-6.0, and then heating and reacting for 30min at 60 ℃;
(5) Adding 95% ethanol solution, stirring, standing for 3 hr, vacuum filtering, collecting precipitate, and drying at 65deg.C in a drying oven to obtain the final product.
Comparative example 3
A shaddock polysaccharide extract is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Cleaning fresh shaddock peel, wiping, cutting into shaddock blocks, freezing for 60 hours, freeze-drying the shaddock blocks in a freeze dryer at-80 ℃ until the water content is 5-6%, and sealing and storing in a dryer to avoid moisture absorption;
(2) Drying and crushing the shaddock blocks, and sieving the shaddock blocks with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain shaddock powder;
(3) Adding distilled water cellulase into the shaddock powder, uniformly mixing, wherein the dosage ratio of the shaddock powder to the distilled water to the cellulase is as follows: 1.5g:50mL:0.8g; adding a compound organic acid to adjust the pH to 4.8-5.0, and performing enzymolysis reaction at 50 ℃ for 80min; the compound organic acid is citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid solution, and the volume concentration of the compound organic acid is 1%, 0.5% and 1% respectively;
(4) Adding sodium bicarbonate, wherein the adding amount of the sodium bicarbonate is that the pH value of a system after adding is controlled to be 5.8-6.0, and then heating and reacting for 30min at 60 ℃;
(5) Adding 95% ethanol solution, stirring, standing for 3 hr, vacuum filtering, collecting precipitate, and drying at 65deg.C in a drying oven to obtain the final product.
Comparative example 4
A shaddock polysaccharide extract is prepared by the following preparation method:
(1) Cleaning fresh shaddock peel, wiping, cutting into shaddock blocks, freezing for 60 hours, freeze-drying the shaddock blocks in a freeze dryer at-80 ℃ until the water content is 5-6%, and sealing and storing in a dryer to avoid moisture absorption;
(2) Drying and crushing the shaddock blocks, and sieving the shaddock blocks with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain shaddock powder;
(3) Adding distilled water into the shaddock powder, adding pectinase and cellulase compound enzyme in a mass ratio of 1:1, and uniformly mixing, wherein the dosage ratio of the shaddock powder to the distilled water to the compound enzyme is as follows: 1.5g:50mL:0.8g; adding a compound organic acid to adjust the pH to 4.8-5.0, and performing enzymolysis reaction at 50 ℃ for 80min; the compound organic acid is citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid solution, and the volume concentration of the compound organic acid is 1%, 0.5% and 1% respectively;
(4) Heating at 90 deg.c for 30min;
(5) Adding 95% ethanol solution, stirring, standing for 3 hr, vacuum filtering, collecting precipitate, and drying at 65deg.C in a drying oven to obtain the final product.
Example 4
A frog material containing shaddock polysaccharide extract is prepared by enzymolysis, and is prepared by the following method:
mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture, adding the growth promoting auxiliary agent with the formula amount into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain the frog material.
The raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of bean pulp, 4.5 parts of corn starch, 1.2 parts of enzymolysis fish paste protein, 4 parts of shaddock polysaccharide extract prepared in example 1, 4.5 parts of wheat gluten, 20 parts of flour, 3 parts of fish oil, 2.5 parts of soybean oil, 0.05 part of vitamin C polyphosphate, 1.5 parts of lysine hydrochloride and 0.2 part of DL-methionine.
The growth promoting additive comprises: 200mg/kg of potassium chloride, 60mg/kg of potassium iodide, 100mg/kg of cobalt sulfate (1%), 174mg/kg of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 24mg/kg of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 78mg/kg of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 800mg/kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 400mg/kg of ferrous sulfate monohydrate and 110mg/kg of vitamin B; 8mg/kg of riboflavin; pyridoxine hydrochloride 10mg/kg; vitamin B12 0.2mg/kg; vitamin K310 mg/kg; inositol 100mg/kg; 20mg/kg of calcium pantothenate; nicotinic acid 50mg/kg; folic acid 2mg/kg; biotin 2mg/kg; vitamin A (50 ten thousand IU) 400mg/kg; vitamin D5 mg/kg; vitamin E (50 ten thousand IU) 100mg/kg.
Example 5
A frog material containing shaddock polysaccharide extract is prepared by enzymolysis, and is prepared by the following method:
mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture, adding the growth promoting auxiliary agent with the formula amount into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain the frog material.
The raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of bean pulp, 4.2 parts of corn starch, 1.3 parts of enzymolysis fish paste protein, 4.5 parts of shaddock polysaccharide extract prepared in example 2, 4.6 parts of wheat gluten, 21 parts of flour, 3.1 parts of fish oil, 2.6 parts of soybean oil, 0.3 part of vitamin C polyphosphate, 1.52 parts of lysine hydrochloride and 0.23 part of DL-methionine.
The growth promoting additive comprises: 200mg/kg of potassium chloride, 60mg/kg of potassium iodide, 100mg/kg of cobalt sulfate (1%), 174mg/kg of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 24mg/kg of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 78mg/kg of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 800mg/kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 400mg/kg of ferrous sulfate monohydrate and 110mg/kg of vitamin B; 8mg/kg of riboflavin; pyridoxine hydrochloride 10mg/kg; vitamin B12 0.2mg/kg; vitamin K310 mg/kg; inositol 100mg/kg; 20mg/kg of calcium pantothenate; nicotinic acid 50mg/kg; folic acid 2mg/kg; biotin 2mg/kg; vitamin A (50 ten thousand IU) 400mg/kg; vitamin D5 mg/kg; vitamin E (50 ten thousand IU) 100mg/kg.
Example 6
A frog material containing shaddock polysaccharide extract is prepared by enzymolysis, and is prepared by the following method:
mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture, adding the growth promoting auxiliary agent with the formula amount into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain the frog material.
The raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of bean pulp, 4.2 parts of corn starch, 1.3 parts of enzymolysis fish paste protein, 4.5 parts of shaddock polysaccharide extract prepared in example 3, 4.6 parts of wheat gluten, 21 parts of flour, 3.1 parts of fish oil, 2.6 parts of soybean oil, 0.3 part of vitamin C polyphosphate, 1.52 parts of lysine hydrochloride and 0.23 part of DL-methionine.
The growth promoting additive comprises: 200mg/kg of potassium chloride, 60mg/kg of potassium iodide, 100mg/kg of cobalt sulfate (1%), 174mg/kg of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 24mg/kg of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 78mg/kg of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 800mg/kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 400mg/kg of ferrous sulfate monohydrate and 110mg/kg of vitamin B; 8mg/kg of riboflavin; pyridoxine hydrochloride 10mg/kg; vitamin B12 0.2mg/kg; vitamin K310 mg/kg; inositol 100mg/kg; 20mg/kg of calcium pantothenate; nicotinic acid 50mg/kg; folic acid 2mg/kg; biotin 2mg/kg; vitamin A (50 ten thousand IU) 400mg/kg; vitamin D5 mg/kg; vitamin E (50 ten thousand IU) 100mg/kg.
Comparative example 5
A frog feed is prepared by the following method:
mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture, adding the growth promoting auxiliary agent with the formula amount into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain the frog material.
The raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 53 parts of bean pulp, 4.8 parts of corn starch, 1.3 parts of enzymolysis fish paste protein, 5 parts of shaddock polysaccharide extract prepared in comparative example 1, 4.8 parts of wheat gluten, 22.5 parts of flour, 3.3 parts of fish oil, 2.8 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of vitamin C polyphosphate, 1.55 parts of lysine hydrochloride and 0.27 part of DL-methionine.
The growth promoting additive comprises: 200mg/kg of potassium chloride, 60mg/kg of potassium iodide, 100mg/kg of cobalt sulfate (1%), 174mg/kg of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 24mg/kg of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 78mg/kg of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 800mg/kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 400mg/kg of ferrous sulfate monohydrate and 110mg/kg of vitamin B; 8mg/kg of riboflavin; pyridoxine hydrochloride 10mg/kg; vitamin B12 0.2mg/kg; vitamin K310 mg/kg; inositol 100mg/kg; 20mg/kg of calcium pantothenate; nicotinic acid 50mg/kg; folic acid 2mg/kg; biotin 2mg/kg; vitamin A (50 ten thousand IU) 400mg/kg; vitamin D5 mg/kg; vitamin E (50 ten thousand IU) 100mg/kg.
Comparative example 6
A frog feed is prepared by the following method:
mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture, adding the growth promoting auxiliary agent with the formula amount into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain the frog material.
The raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 54 parts of bean pulp, 4.9 parts of corn starch, 1.4 parts of enzymolysis fish paste protein, 5.5 parts of shaddock polysaccharide extract prepared in comparative example 2, 4.9 parts of wheat gluten, 22 parts of flour, 3.4 parts of fish oil, 2.9 parts of soybean oil, 0.8 part of vitamin C polyphosphate, 1.58 parts of lysine hydrochloride and 0.3 part of DL-methionine.
The growth promoting additive comprises: 200mg/kg of potassium chloride, 60mg/kg of potassium iodide, 100mg/kg of cobalt sulfate (1%), 174mg/kg of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 24mg/kg of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 78mg/kg of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 800mg/kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 400mg/kg of ferrous sulfate monohydrate and 110mg/kg of vitamin B; 8mg/kg of riboflavin; pyridoxine hydrochloride 10mg/kg; vitamin B12 0.2mg/kg; vitamin K310 mg/kg; inositol 100mg/kg; 20mg/kg of calcium pantothenate; nicotinic acid 50mg/kg; folic acid 2mg/kg; biotin 2mg/kg; vitamin A (50 ten thousand IU) 400mg/kg; vitamin D5 mg/kg; vitamin E (50 ten thousand IU) 100mg/kg.
Comparative example 7
A frog feed is prepared by the following method:
mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture, adding the growth promoting auxiliary agent with the formula amount into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain the frog material.
The raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 54 parts of bean pulp, 4.9 parts of corn starch, 1.4 parts of enzymolysis fish paste protein, 5.5 parts of shaddock polysaccharide extract prepared in comparative example 3, 4.9 parts of wheat gluten, 22 parts of flour, 3.4 parts of fish oil, 2.9 parts of soybean oil, 0.8 part of vitamin C polyphosphate, 1.58 parts of lysine hydrochloride and 0.3 part of DL-methionine.
The growth promoting additive comprises: 200mg/kg of potassium chloride, 60mg/kg of potassium iodide, 100mg/kg of cobalt sulfate (1%), 174mg/kg of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 24mg/kg of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 78mg/kg of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 800mg/kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 400mg/kg of ferrous sulfate monohydrate and 110mg/kg of vitamin B; 8mg/kg of riboflavin; pyridoxine hydrochloride 10mg/kg; vitamin B12 0.2mg/kg; vitamin K310 mg/kg; inositol 100mg/kg; 20mg/kg of calcium pantothenate; nicotinic acid 50mg/kg; folic acid 2mg/kg; biotin 2mg/kg; vitamin A (50 ten thousand IU) 400mg/kg; vitamin D5 mg/kg; vitamin E (50 ten thousand IU) 100mg/kg.
Comparative example 8
A frog feed is prepared by the following method:
mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture, adding the growth promoting auxiliary agent with the formula amount into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain the frog material.
The raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of bean pulp, 5 parts of corn starch, 1.5 parts of enzymolysis fish pulp protein, 6 parts of shaddock polysaccharide extract prepared in comparative example 4, 5 parts of wheat gluten, 23 parts of flour, 3.5 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of vitamin C polyphosphate, 1.6 parts of lysine hydrochloride and 0.35 part of DL-methionine.
The growth promoting additive comprises: 200mg/kg of potassium chloride, 60mg/kg of potassium iodide, 100mg/kg of cobalt sulfate (1%), 174mg/kg of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 24mg/kg of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 78mg/kg of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 800mg/kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 400mg/kg of ferrous sulfate monohydrate and 110mg/kg of vitamin B; 8mg/kg of riboflavin; pyridoxine hydrochloride 10mg/kg; vitamin B12 0.2mg/kg; vitamin K310 mg/kg; inositol 100mg/kg; 20mg/kg of calcium pantothenate; nicotinic acid 50mg/kg; folic acid 2mg/kg; biotin 2mg/kg; vitamin A (50 ten thousand IU) 400mg/kg; vitamin D5 mg/kg; vitamin E (50 ten thousand IU) 100mg/kg.
Comparative example 9
A frog feed is prepared by the following method:
mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture, adding the growth promoting auxiliary agent with the formula amount into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain the frog material.
The raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of bean pulp, 5 parts of corn starch, 1.5 parts of enzymolysis fish pulp protein, 5 parts of wheat gluten, 23 parts of flour, 3.5 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of vitamin C polyphosphate, 1.6 parts of lysine hydrochloride and 0.35 part of DL-methionine.
The growth promoting additive comprises: 200mg/kg of potassium chloride, 60mg/kg of potassium iodide, 100mg/kg of cobalt sulfate (1%), 174mg/kg of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 24mg/kg of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 78mg/kg of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 800mg/kg of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 400mg/kg of ferrous sulfate monohydrate and 110mg/kg of vitamin B; 8mg/kg of riboflavin; pyridoxine hydrochloride 10mg/kg; vitamin B12 0.2mg/kg; vitamin K310 mg/kg; inositol 100mg/kg; 20mg/kg of calcium pantothenate; nicotinic acid 50mg/kg; folic acid 2mg/kg; biotin 2mg/kg; vitamin A (50 ten thousand IU) 400mg/kg; vitamin D5 mg/kg; vitamin E (50 ten thousand IU) 100mg/kg.
The enzymatically prepared frog materials prepared in examples 4 to 6 and comparative examples 5 to 9 were subjected to the following test:
test example 1 bullfrog muscle meat texture test
The frog seedlings used in the test are purchased from a certain farm in Guangzhou city of Guangdong province and are all artificially hatched in the same batch. Before the test, the frog seedlings are temporarily cultured in a culture barrel (1000L) at a water level of 5-6cm for 2 weeks, the feed prepared in the comparative example 9 is put into the culture barrel, the feed is fed twice a day (8:00 and 17:00), and after half an hour of feeding, the residual baits are fished out and changed. After temporary rearing is finished, starving for 24 hours, randomly selecting 64 bullfrogs with strong physique and consistent specification, wherein the initial weight is 20.46+/-0.25 g, randomly dividing the bullfrogs into 8 rearing barrels, and the rearing period is 8 weeks. During the cultivation test, the feeding times and time are the same as those of the temporary cultivation period, water is changed after feeding for half an hour, and the feeding amount of each barrel of bullfrog is recorded. During the cultivation period, the cultivation water level is kept at 5-6cm, and the water temperature is 28+/-2 ℃.
Randomly selecting 5 bullfrogs per barrel, cutting leg muscle tissue along muscle fiber immediately after slaughtering, and cutting into pieces of 1×1×2 cm 3 Is a rectangular tissue block using SMS Texture Analyzer texture measuring instrument measures elasticity, masticatory force and restoring force, and the average value of each group is recorded, and the obtained results are shown in Table 1. Measurement mode: texture profile analysis TPA mode (Texture profile analysis);
speed before measurement: 1.0 mm/s;
test speed is 1.0 mm/s;
post-measurement speed: 5.0 mm/s;
force: 30.0 g;
time: 5.00 s;
crushing test distance: 1 mm;
the number of times: 2;
trigger model: auto (Force);
trigger force: 5.0 g;
probe model: HDP/VB;
the test temperature was 30 ℃.
TABLE 1
| Test group | Elasticity/mm | masticatory/mJ | Restoring force/N |
| Example 4 | 0.96 | 157.84 | 0.44 |
| Example 5 | 0.96 | 166.39 | 0.45 |
| Example 6 | 0.97 | 167.06 | 0.47 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.92 | 104.12 | 0.33 |
| Comparative example 6 | 0.92 | 113.59 | 0.34 |
| Comparative example 7 | 0.92 | 124.97 | 0.37 |
| Comparative example 8 | 0.93 | 138.60 | 0.38 |
| Comparative example 9 | 0.90 | 98.29 | 0.31 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the muscle texture of bullfrog fed with the frog feed containing the grapefruit polysaccharide extract prepared by the enzymolysis method is obviously improved, and the elasticity, the chewing property and the restoring force of the frog feed prepared in examples 4-6 are obviously changed compared with those of the frog feed prepared in comparative examples 5-9.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention, as various modifications and additions may be made to the particular embodiments described, or in a similar manner, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing frog materials containing shaddock polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis is characterized in that: the frog material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50-55 parts of bean pulp, 4.5-5 parts of corn starch, 1.2-1.5 parts of enzymolysis fish paste protein, 4-6 parts of shaddock polysaccharide extract, 4.5-5 parts of wheat gluten, 20-23 parts of flour, 3-3.5 parts of fish oil, 2.5-3 parts of soybean oil, 0.05-1 part of vitamin C polyphosphate, 1.5-1.6 parts of lysine hydrochloride and 0.2-0.35 part of DL-methionine.
2. The method for preparing the frog feed containing the grapefruit polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preparation method of the shaddock polysaccharide extract comprises the following operations:
(1) Cleaning fresh shaddock peel, wiping, cutting into shaddock blocks, freezing for 48-60h, and then freeze-drying;
(2) Drying and crushing the shaddock blocks, and sieving the shaddock blocks with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain shaddock powder;
(3) Adding distilled water into the grapefruit powder, adding compound enzyme, uniformly mixing, adding compound organic acid to adjust pH, and performing enzymolysis reaction;
(4) Adding sodium bicarbonate, and then performing heating reaction;
(5) Adding ethanol solution, stirring while adding, standing, vacuum filtering, collecting precipitate, and oven drying to obtain fructus Citri Grandis polysaccharide extract.
3. The method for preparing the frog feed containing the grapefruit polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the lyophilization process in (1) is: and (3) putting the shaddock blocks into a freeze dryer, freeze-drying at the temperature of-70 to-80 ℃ until the water content is 5-6%, and sealing and storing in the dryer to avoid moisture absorption.
4. The method for preparing the frog feed containing the grapefruit polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: (3) The dosage ratio of the shaddock powder to the distilled water to the complex enzyme is as follows: 1-1.5g, 50mL, 0.5-0.8g.
5. The method for preparing the frog feed containing the grapefruit polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: (3) The complex enzyme is pectase and cellulase, and the mass ratio of the pectase to the cellulase is 1:0.8-1.1.
6. The method for preparing the frog feed containing the grapefruit polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: (3) The temperature of the enzymolysis reaction is 45-50 ℃ and the reaction time is 60-80min.
7. The method for preparing the frog feed containing the grapefruit polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the pH in (3) is controlled to 4.8-5.0; the compound organic acid is citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid solution, and the volume concentration is 0.5-1%, 0.2-0.5% and 0.5-1% respectively.
8. The method for preparing the frog feed containing the grapefruit polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: (4) The adding amount of the sodium bicarbonate is controlled to be 5.8-6.0 in the pH value of the system after the sodium bicarbonate is added.
9. The method for preparing the frog feed containing the grapefruit polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: (4) The heating reaction time is 15-30min, and the heating reaction temperature is 55-60 ℃.
10. The method for preparing the frog feed containing the grapefruit polysaccharide extract by enzymolysis according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: (5) The volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 95%, the standing time is 3 hours, and the drying is carried out in a drying oven at 60-65 ℃.
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