CN116971058A - Core-sheath composite fiber - Google Patents
Core-sheath composite fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN116971058A CN116971058A CN202210425833.7A CN202210425833A CN116971058A CN 116971058 A CN116971058 A CN 116971058A CN 202210425833 A CN202210425833 A CN 202210425833A CN 116971058 A CN116971058 A CN 116971058A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- -1 polysiloxanes Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 36
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 28
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 27
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 19
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000986 disperse dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- NRNCYVBFPDDJNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pemoline Chemical compound O1C(N)=NC(=O)C1C1=CC=CC=C1 NRNCYVBFPDDJNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(O)C(F)(F)F BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000002177 Cataract Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010015150 Erythema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003351 Melanosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000000453 Skin Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000321 erythema Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000030533 eye disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Substances OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006306 polyurethane fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001028 reflection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000000849 skin cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a core-sheath composite fiber, wherein the core component is thermoplastic resin with titanium dioxide content of 0.0-20.0wt%, and the sheath component is thermoplastic resin containing organic particles; the surface of the fiber is 1000 mu m 2 10-1000 bulges are arranged in the range. The fiber has the effects of penetration resistance, ultraviolet resistance and light diffusion, and can be used for clothing, in particular uniform for working personnel such as railways, electric trains and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a core-sheath composite fiber, and more particularly, to a core-sheath composite fiber containing organic particles and having a light diffusion effect.
Background
Functional fiber is a high value-added product, which not only has important meaning in improving the comfort of clothing and imparting special functions, but also exhibits excellent performance in non-taking, so that various methods for imparting functions to fiber such as cooling against ultraviolet rays, antibacterial, body feeling, warmth, heat accumulation, heat generation, smoothness, visual color, brightness, vividness, olfactory fragrance, deodorization, etc. have been technically developed, and corresponding products. In addition, special functional fibers that impart ultraviolet resistance and light diffusion effects to the fibers have been also developed in a great deal.
Visual shielding is an important property of textiles, and in the field of clothing, it relates to the most basic function of shielding; in the fields of decoration and military, it relates to special visual requirements such as unidirectional perspective, camouflage and the like. In addition, with the worldwide use of freon in large quantities and the increasing environmental pollution, serious destruction of the ozone layer in the atmosphere is caused. The long-term exposure to ultraviolet rays can reduce the life of organic molecules, reduce the immune function of a human body, damage skin to cause dermatitis, erythema, freckle and skin cancer, promote eye diseases and cause cataract diseases. The polyester fiber gives people a flickering and shining feel under illumination because of higher refractive index, and reduces the high-grade feel of clothing (especially black clothing).
Light diffusion is mainly applied to film materials of products such as LEDs, LCDs and the like at present, and the film materials with the light diffusion effect are obtained by adding the materials with the light diffusion effect into corresponding films, so that point light sources are changed into surface light sources, and light rays become soft, thereby visually giving people a comfortable feeling. Japanese patent laid-open publication Nos. 11-2705, 2008-209919 and 2015-197614 all disclose that a resin film having a light adjusting function is produced by using a light diffusing material, and the application of such a material having a light diffusing effect in a fiber is not yet clear.
Although individual functional attributes are relatively readily available, research and development of fibers having multiple functions at the same time remains a significant difficulty.
At present, titanium dioxide can endow fibers with certain anti-penetration, anti-ultraviolet performance and light diffusion effects, but the fiber cannot obtain good anti-penetration, anti-ultraviolet and light diffusion effects under the normal titanium dioxide addition amount, and the effect conforming to the high-grade clothing can be achieved only by adding a large amount of titanium dioxide, but due to the reflection effect of titanium dioxide particles on light, a large amount of titanium dioxide can cause the phenomena of whitening of the fibers and fabrics, so that the visual experience of use is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a core-sheath structural fiber with light diffusion effect, which is transparent and ultraviolet resistant.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the core-sheath composite fiber comprises a core component of thermoplastic resin with titanium dioxide content of 0.0-20.0wt% and a sheath component of thermoplastic resin containing organic particles; the surface of the fiber is 1000 mu m 2 10-1000 bulges are arranged in the range.
Median particle size D of the organic particles 50 Preferably 0.1 to 10.0. Mu.m, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0. Mu.m.
The content of the organic particles in the fiber is preferably 0.5 to 20.0wt%.
The refractive index of the organic particles is preferably 1.60 or less.
The organic particles are preferably polysiloxanes.
The area ratio of the core component to the sheath component on the fiber cross-section is preferably 30:70 to 90:10.
The gloss peak value of the fiber dyed under illumination is preferably below 0.5%; the glossiness under illumination after black dyeing is preferably below 2.5%, and the color developing property L ＊ The value is preferably below 14.0; the fiber preferably has a permeability resistance of 85% or more, and the ultraviolet resistance index UPF value is preferably 50 or more.
According to the invention, the organic particles are added into the fiber and are placed in the sheath component of the fiber, so that the organic particles form bulges on the surface of the fiber, thereby improving the permeability resistance, ultraviolet resistance and light diffusion effect of the fiber, and the fiber can be used for clothing, especially uniform for staff such as railways, electric trains and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the refractive index of the organic particles according to test method (4).
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the gloss results of test method (6).
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a core-sheath composite fiber which comprises a thermoplastic resin with a titanium dioxide content of 0.0-20.0wt% as a core component and a thermoplastic resin containing organic particles as a sheath component. The surface of the fiber has protrusions and is every 1000 μm 2 The number of the protrusions is 10 to 1000.
The sheath component of the core-sheath composite fiber contains organic particles, and light rays are scattered after entering from the surface of the fiber and encountering the organic particles and deviating from the incident direction, so that the light transmission and absorption are reduced, the anti-transmission performance and the anti-ultraviolet performance of the fiber are improved, and the light diffusion effect is obtained. In addition, the organic particles in the sheath component form bulges on the surface of the fiber, so that the scattering effect of incident light is increased, and the anti-permeability, anti-ultraviolet and light diffusion effects of the fiber can be further improved. The number of the protrusions on the surface of the fiber is 1000 mu m 2 In the range of 10 to 1000. If the number of protrusions on the surface of the fiber is less than 10/1000. Mu.m 2 In other words, a good light diffusion effect is not achieved; if the number of protrusions on the surface of the fiber is more than 1000/1000. Mu.m 2 In this case, the coefficient of friction between fibers becomes large, slippage is less likely, processability becomes poor, and the feel of the product becomes rough, softness, drapability and the like become poor, and wearing comfort is lowered. Therefore, in order to achieve the light diffusion effect of the flat-cross fiber and the fiber touch, the number of protrusions is preferably 100 to 800/1000 μm 2 。
The thermoplastic polyester of the core component has a titanium dioxide content of 0.0 to 20.0wt%, i.e., the core component may not contain titanium dioxide or may contain titanium dioxide. When titanium dioxide is contained, the content of titanium dioxide is not preferably more than 20.0% by weight relative to the core component, otherwise, the white light reflected after the light enters the inside of the fiber and irradiates the titanium dioxide is too much, resulting in the phenomenon that the fabric becomes whitish.
According to the invention, the thermoplastic resin containing organic particles is used as a sheath component in a core-sheath composite mode, so that the organic particles can be distributed on the surface of the fiber as much as possible to form bulges. At the same time, a thermoplastic resin having a titanium dioxide content of 0.0 to 20.0wt% is used as a core component, whereby a fiber having higher physical properties than the thermoplastic resin containing organic particles alone can be obtained.
If the particle size of the organic particles is too small, the particles are not easy to be uniformly dispersed in the fiber, the agglomeration effect is obvious, and the gloss improvement effect of the fiber is poorThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the particle diameter of the organic particles is too large, the spinning property is deteriorated, the probability of yarn breakage is increased, the strength of the fiber is lowered, and the light diffusion effect of the fiber is also lowered. The particle size of the organic particles is the median particle size D 50 Representation, said D 50 Preferably 0.1 to 10.0 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0 μm, the mobility of the organic particles in the median particle size range in the fiber is relatively high, the particles are not agglomerated basically, the dispersion is uniform, the spinnability is good, and the obtained fiber has relatively good permeation resistance, ultraviolet resistance and light diffusion effect.
If the content of the organic particles in the fiber is too low, the gloss improvement effect is poor; if the content of the organic particles in the fiber is too high, the spinning property is deteriorated, the strength of the fiber is lowered, the probability of yarn breakage is increased, and the light diffusion effect of the fiber is also lowered. From the viewpoint of the effect of the organic particles on the spinning effect and the function of the fiber, the content of the organic particles in the fiber of the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 20.0wt%, more preferably 0.5 to 5.0wt%.
The presence of non-uniform clusters in the material scatters light entering the material away from the direction of incidence, and light scattering, like light absorption, also weakens the intensity of light passing through the material. The lower the refractive index of the organic particles is, the larger the refractive index difference between the organic particles and the fiber matrix is, the stronger the scattering effect is generated after light enters the fiber, and the better the light scattering effect is. In order to obtain an excellent light diffusion effect, the refractive index of the organic particles is preferably 1.60 or less.
The organic particles may be polysiloxane, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polystyrene, etc., and are preferable because the polysiloxane particles have a smoother surface and a better light diffusion effect.
The polysiloxane particles are preferably in the shape of a sphere, and preferably have a narrow particle size distribution, and the particles having the same particle size account for 50% or more of the total particles. The particles having the same particle diameter are particles having a certain particle diameter as a center and all the particles having a deviation from the particle diameter of 10% or less, and the certain particle diameter is any value within a particle diameter range in which the particles can be incorporated into the fiber. In order to obtain a fiber excellent in light diffusion effect, it is more preferable that the particles having the same particle diameter account for 80% or more of the total particles.
If the proportion of the sheath component in the core-sheath composite fiber is too high, namely if the sheath is too thick, the organic particles in the fiber cannot be in a convex state on the surface of the fiber, and a good light diffusion effect cannot be achieved; if the sheath component ratio is too low, that is, if the sheath is too thin, the organic particles on the surface of the fiber are too raised, the particles are easily dropped off during the processing and use of the fiber, the processing is difficult, and the expected anti-penetration, anti-ultraviolet and light diffusion effects are not achieved. The area ratio of the core component to the sheath component on the cross section of the fiber is preferably 30:70-90:10.
In the present invention, thermoplastic resins, which are resins suitable for melt spinning, can be used for production. For example, polyethylene terephthalate fiber (PET), polypropylene terephthalate fiber (PPT), polybutylene terephthalate fiber (PBT), polyamide-6 fiber (PA 6), polyamide-66 fiber (PA 66), polyamide-610 fiber (PA 610), polypropylene fiber (PP), polyethylene fiber (PE), and the like.
The core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention can be produced by a method generally known in the art, specifically,
(1) Preparation of the sheath component: adding 2.0-30.0 wt% of organic particles into the thermoplastic resin, mixing the mixture by a twin-screw extruder to disperse the organic particles in the thermoplastic resin,
(2) Preparation of core component: adding 0.0-20.0wt% titanium dioxide into thermoplastic resin, mixing uniformly,
(3) Preparation of composite fibers: and (3) carrying out composite spinning according to a core-sheath composite ratio of 30:70-90:10 to obtain the core-sheath composite fiber.
The core-sheath composite fiber can be fully drawn yarn FDY, false twist processed yarn DTY and the like, and no matter which processed yarn exists, the permeability resistance, the ultraviolet resistance and the light diffusion effect of the fiber are not affected.
The glossiness peak value of the core-sheath composite fiber under illumination is below 0.5%; the glossiness of the dyed black is below 2.5% under the illumination,color developing property L ＊ The value is below 14.0. The fiber has a permeability resistance of 85% or more and an ultraviolet resistance index UPF value of 50 or more.
The core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention can be produced into various fiber structures such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, terry fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, and the like, according to a known method. When the knitted fabric is produced, the structure of the knitted fabric is not particularly limited, and may be plain knitting, twill knitting, zhu Zi knitting, or a modified knitting of these, warp knitting, weft knitting, circular knitting, lace knitting, or a modified knitting of these, or the like. In forming the fiber structure, the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention may be used alone, or the novel bridge composite fiber of the present invention may be used together with other fibers.
In the present invention, the fiber or the fiber structure may be dyed in any state as necessary. In the present invention, disperse dyes are preferably used as the dye.
The dyeing method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and flow dyeing, drum dyeing, shaft dyeing, volume dyeing, and the like can be employed according to known methods.
In the present invention, the concentration of the dye and the dyeing temperature are not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. Meanwhile, if necessary, refining may be performed before dyeing, or reduction washing may be performed after dyeing.
The core-sheath composite fiber can be used for preparing fabrics with high penetration resistance, ultraviolet resistance and improved gloss. The core-sheath composite fibers of the present invention may be used partially or fully in a fabric. When the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention is used in part, other fibers may be common polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyurethane fibers, or the like. The fabric prepared from the core-sheath composite fiber has the effects of high transmittance resistance, ultraviolet resistance and light diffusion resistance.
The measuring method and the evaluating method of each index of the invention are as follows:
(1) Area ratio of core component and sheath component in fiber cross section
Taking a cross section of the composite fiber by SEM, printing the cross section photograph on paper, and determining the cross section area of the core component by an area meterS 1 Sheath component cross-sectional area S 2 The area ratio of the core component to the sheath component is S 1 /S 2 。
(2) Organic particle content in the fiber
The core-sheath area ratio and the density of the core component and the sheath component obtained in the test method (1) were used to calculate the core-sheath weight ratio A: B (A+B=100), the fiber was subjected to a reduction treatment with 5g/L NaOH aqueous solution, the reduction rate was controlled to be B% or less, an alkali reduction liquid containing only the sheath polymer was obtained, and the reduction liquid was concentrated to obtain the sheath polymer. The sheath polymer is dissolved by selecting proper solvent, particles are separated, the weight ratio of the particles to the sheath polymer is measured to obtain the content of the sheath component, and the content of the organic particles in the fiber is calculated by the weight ratio of the core-sheath component.
The solvents corresponding to the various resin fibers are as follows:
| resin fiber | Solvent(s) |
| Polyester fiber (PET, PBT, PPT) | Hexafluoroisopropanol |
| Polyamide fiber (PA 6, PA 66) | Phenol-methanol mixed solution |
| Polyolefin fiber (PP, PE) | Dichloromethane and cyclohexanone |
(3) D of organic particles 50
Dynamic light scattering is used to test the method (2)Median particle size D of the organic particles separated off in (B) 50 。
(4) Refractive index of organic particles
The organic particles separated in test method (2) were measured for refractive index of solid by minimum deflection angle method using Abbe refractometer of ATAGO company with measurement accuracy of + -5 x 10 -6 。
Due to the refraction of light rays, a certain included angle delta exists between the refraction direction (3) of monochromatic parallel light passing through the triple prism and the incidence direction (1), and the angle is called deflection angle. When the incident angle is equal to the exit angle, the deflection angle has a minimum δmin. The refractive index theorem and geometric relationship are:
wherein n, alpha, beta, delta min and theta respectively represent the refractive index, the incident angle, the refraction angle, the minimum deflection angle and the prism vertex angle of the prism. On the goniometer, the refractive index n of the prism can be calculated by measuring the vertex angle (mainly including an auto-collimation method and a reflection method) and the minimum deflection angle delta min (mainly including a single-value method, a double-angle method, a complementary method and a three-image method).
(5) Titanium dioxide content in core component
The weight ratio A: B (A+B=100) of the core-sheath was calculated from the area ratio of the core and the sheath obtained in the test method (1) and the densities of the core component and the sheath component, the fiber was subjected to a reduction treatment with a 5g/L NaOH aqueous solution at a reduction rate of not less than B% to obtain a fiber containing only the core, about 4g of the fiber was sampled by melting, the content of titanium element therein was measured by an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (manufacturer: rigaku, model: ZSX Primus III+), and the content of titanium dioxide in the core component was calculated by a molecular formula.
(6) Gloss and peak value of fiber
Step (1): the fiber was produced into a tubular braid of 2g by using an British optical industry circular knitting machine NCR-BL (3 inch (8.9 cm) in pot diameter, 27 needles), and then the tubular braid was refined in an aqueous solution containing BK-80 as a surfactant of Japanese chemical system at 1g/L in a temperature of 80℃for 20 minutes, and then dried in a hot air dryer at 60℃for 60 minutes to obtain a refined tubular braid.
Step (2): and (3) using a three-dimensional variable angle photometer GP-700 to carry out 360-degree rotation on the normal N of the sample surface under the conditions of an irradiation angle of 60 degrees and a light receiving angle of 60 degrees, so as to obtain the reflectivity of each angle within the 360-degree range, wherein the difference between the peak value (b) of the reflectivity and the base line (a) is the peak value of glossiness.
Step (3): heat setting the tubular knitting product prepared in the step (1) for 2 minutes at 160 ℃, and adding 5.0wt% of disperse dye DK9Z3 (black) into dyeing liquid with the pH value adjusted to 5.0 for the tubular knitting product after dry heat setting, wherein the bath ratio is 1: 100. dyeing temperature is 130 ℃ and dyeing time is 60 minutes.
Step (4): testing the dyed tubular knitting in the step (3) according to the method of the step (2), wherein the absolute value point of the base line (a) is used as the glossiness of the dyed fiber in black on the obtained reflectivity graph.
(7) Fiber permeation resistance (light transmittance)
According to JIS L1923: 2017 (method B) test.
(8) Upf value of fiber
Uv parameters UVA, UPF were evaluated according to standard GB/T6529.
(9) Number of protrusions on the surface of the fiber
The number of projections per unit area was observed by SEM, 10 projections were observed, and the average value was obtained and converted to 1000. Mu.m 2 The number of protrusions in the area range.
(10) Spinnability of
The spinning performance is judged by the filtration pressure of the polymer, and the conditions of yarn breakage and yarn floating during spinning are judged.
The filtration pressure was found to be good when the flow rate of the polymer per minute per unit area of the filter screen was 4.9g and the filtration pressure for 12 hours was less than 2MPa, the filtration pressure was 2 to 5MPa, the filtration pressure was DeltaV, and the filtration pressure was more than 5 MPa.
The yarn breakage was judged as good within 2 times of yarn breakage within 12 hours at the time of spinning, was judged as delta from 3 to 10 times of yarn breakage, and was judged as X from 10 or more times of yarn breakage.
The filament is excellent when the number of filament breaks within 12 hours at the time of spinning is 4, the number of filament breaks is 5 to 10, the number of filament breaks is delta, and the number of filament breaks is 11 or more.
When all three items of filtering pressure, yarn breakage and floating monofilament are judged as good, the spinning property is judged as good; when all three items are judged to be X, the spinnability is judged to be X; when all the other cases except for the two cases of judgment as "ok" and "x" occur, the spinnability is judged as "Δ".
(11) Fiber strength and elongation product
The method for testing and calculating the product of the strong elongation in the invention is as follows:
(a) The fibers of the present invention were tested with a tensile tester (RTC-1225) to obtain strength and elongation, and the product of the strength and elongation was calculated and recorded as SS1 (calculation method reference formula 1);
(b) The yarn is knitted into tubular knitting by a tubular knitting machine (tin-free Hongjia needle textile machinery factory), is naturally dried after deoiling treatment is carried out for 20min at 90 ℃ and hot water treatment is carried out for 60min at 130 ℃, is then placed in hot air at 190 ℃ for heating treatment for 2min, and then the tensile tester is used for testing the strength and the elongation of the fiber, and the product of the strength and the elongation is calculated and recorded as SS2;
(c) The elongation product retention was calculated using the following 2:
the method comprises the steps of (1),
formula 2.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
To 8.5kg of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a viscosity of 0.6, 1.5kg of a particle size D was added 50 Polysiloxane particles of 1.0 μm and refractive index 1.43 were uniformly dispersed in PET by mixing them with a twin-screw extruder at 290 ℃; the steps are carried outThe obtained resin is used as a sheath component of a composite spinning fiber section, 30kg of polyethylene terephthalate resin containing 0.3wt% of titanium dioxide is used as a core component, the area ratio of the core to the sheath is controlled at 80:20, the core and the sheath components are respectively pre-crystallized and dried until the moisture content is below 50ppm, and the core and the sheath components are respectively put into a spinning A, B bin for spinning and false twisting to obtain the long fiber with high penetration resistance and low glossiness.
The surface of the obtained fiber is 1000 μm 2 250 protrusions exist in the area range of the fiber, the obtained fiber is made into a tubular knitting, the anti-permeability performance of the tubular knitting is 92%, the UPF value is 52, the glossiness peak value of the tubular knitting in the 60-DEG light receiving direction is 0.3% when the tubular knitting is not dyed, and the glossiness in the 60-DEG light receiving direction after black dyeing is 2.0%.
Examples 2 to 22
The preparation process is the same as in example 1, and specific formulations and physical properties are shown in tables 1 and 2. Degree (C)
Comparative example 1
To 8.5kg of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a viscosity of 0.6, 1.5kg of a particle size D was added 50 Polysiloxane particles of 1.0 μm and refractive index 1.43 were uniformly dispersed in PET by mixing them with a twin-screw extruder at 290 ℃; the resin obtained in the above steps is used as a sheath component of a composite spinning fiber section, 30kg of polyethylene terephthalate resin containing 40wt% of titanium dioxide is used as a core component, the area ratio of the core to the sheath is controlled at 80:20, the core and the sheath components are respectively pre-crystallized and dried until the water content is below 50ppm, and the core and the sheath components are respectively put into a spinning A, B bin for spinning and false twisting to obtain the long fiber with high penetration resistance and low glossiness. The fiber has higher titanium dioxide addition amount and poorer spinning property.
Comparative example 2
To 8.5kg of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a viscosity of 0.6, 1.5kg of a particle size D was added 50 Polysiloxane particles of 1.0 μm and refractive index 1.43 were uniformly dispersed in PET by mixing them with a twin-screw extruder at 290 ℃; the resin obtained in the above steps is used as a sheath component of a composite spinning fiber section, and a polyethylene terephthalate resin containing 0.3wt% of titanium dioxide is used30kg of grease is taken as a core component, the area ratio of the core to the sheath is controlled at 10:90, the core and the sheath components are respectively pre-crystallized and dried to the moisture content below 50ppm, and the core and the sheath components are respectively put into a spinning A, B bin for spinning and false twisting to prepare the long fiber with high penetration resistance and low glossiness. The sheath in the fiber is thicker, particles on the surface of the fiber cannot be raised, and the light diffusion effect is poor.
Comparative example 3
To 8.5kg of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a viscosity of 0.6, 1.5kg of a particle size D was added 5 Polysiloxane particles with 0 of 1.0 mu m and refractive index of 1.43 are mixed by a double screw extruder at 290 ℃ to uniformly disperse the polysiloxane particles in PET; the resin obtained in the above steps is used as a sheath component of a composite spinning fiber section, 30kg of polyethylene terephthalate resin containing 0.3wt% of titanium dioxide is used as a core component, the area ratio of the core to the sheath is controlled at 95:5, the core and the sheath components are respectively pre-crystallized and dried until the water content is below 50ppm, and the core and the sheath components are respectively put into a spinning A, B bin for spinning and false twisting to obtain the long fiber with high anti-penetration performance and low glossiness. The sheath in the fiber is too thin, most of particles on the surface of the fiber fall off in the fiber preparation process, and the light diffusion effect is poor.
Comparative example 4
To 8.5kg of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a viscosity of 0.6, 1.5kg of a particle size D was added 50 Polysiloxane particles of 1.0 μm and refractive index 1.43 were uniformly dispersed in PET by mixing them with a twin-screw extruder at 290 ℃; and directly spinning the resin prepared by the steps, and false twisting to prepare the long fiber. The content of organic particles in the fiber is too high, and the product of the strength and the elongation of the fiber is low.
Comparative example 5
Polyethylene terephthalate resin containing 2.6wt% of titanium dioxide is directly spun and false-twisted to prepare long fibers. Color development L of the fiber ＊ The value is higher.
Comparative example 6
To 6.0kg of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a viscosity of 0.6 was added 4.0kg of a particle size D 5 0.0 μm, and a refractive index of 1.43, by twin-screw extrusionMixing at 290 ℃ to uniformly disperse polysiloxane particles in PET; the resin obtained in the above steps is used as a sheath component of a composite spinning fiber section, 30kg of polyethylene terephthalate resin containing 0.3wt% of titanium dioxide is used as a core component, the area ratio of the core to the sheath is controlled at 80:20, the core and the sheath components are respectively pre-crystallized and dried until the water content is below 50ppm, and the core and the sheath components are respectively put into a spinning A, B bin for spinning and false twisting to obtain the long fiber with high anti-penetration performance and low glossiness. The number of the bulges on the surface of the obtained fiber is too large, a yarn guide and the like can be damaged in the spinning process, and the spinning performance is poor.
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Claims (9)
1. The core-sheath composite fiber is characterized in that: the core component is thermoplastic resin with titanium dioxide content of 0.0-20.0 wt%, and the sheath component is thermoplastic resin containing organic particles; the surface of the fiber is 1000 mu m 2 10-1000 bulges are arranged in the range.
2. The core-sheath composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein: median particle size D of the organic particles 50 0.1-10.0 μm.
3. The core-sheath composite fiber according to claim 2, wherein: median particle size D of the organic particles 50 0.5-2.0 μm.
4. The core-sheath composite fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the content of organic particles in the fiber is 0.5-20.0 wt%.
5. The core-sheath composite fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the refractive index of the organic particles is 1.60 or less.
6. The core-sheath composite fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the organic particles are polysiloxanes.
7. The core-sheath composite fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the area ratio of the core component to the sheath component on the transverse surface of the fiber is 30:70-90:10.
8. The core-sheath composite fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the glossiness peak value of the fiber dyed under illumination is below 0.5%; gloss under illumination after black dyeing is below 2.5%, color developing property L ＊ The value is below 14.0.
9. The core-sheath composite fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the fiber has a permeability resistance of 85% or more and an ultraviolet resistance index UPF value of 50 or more.
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