CN116970825A - Preparation method of QSi3-1 alloy cast ingot by vacuum induction melting - Google Patents
Preparation method of QSi3-1 alloy cast ingot by vacuum induction melting Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PVMNPAUTCMBOMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloropyridine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=NC=C1 PVMNPAUTCMBOMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 3
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- WCCJDBZJUYKDBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Cu] WCCJDBZJUYKDBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
- B22D7/064—Cooling the ingot moulds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/10—Alloys based on copper with silicon as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a preparation method of a QSi-1 alloy cast ingot by vacuum induction melting, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing CuSi16 intermediate alloy, S2, preparing materials, S3, charging, S4, vacuumizing, S5, smelting, S6, casting, S7 and discharging; according to the application, the CuSi16 intermediate alloy is firstly prepared by adopting a vacuum induction smelting process, the uniformity of the material components is enhanced by secondary feeding and smelting, the element burning loss is reduced by firstly smelting the intermediate alloy, the solidification of molten metal can be accelerated by using a special water-cooling copper mold for smelting, the segregation defect is overcome, the produced QSi-1 alloy cast ingot is cooled by a steel mold, the structure is compact, pores and inclusions are less, and the metallurgical defects such as alloy element enrichment and segregation are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of smelting QSi3-1 alloy ingots, in particular to a preparation method of QSi3-1 alloy ingots by vacuum induction smelting.
Background
In recent years, product designers have taken into consideration requirements of long service life, high stability and the like when designing parts, so that copper alloy is more careful and comprehensive in terms of materials, is widely applied to product structural parts as a material with corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high strength and the like, and QSi-1 material belongs to silicon bronze and is mainly used for manufacturing various parts working in corrosive media, such as spring parts, worms, worm gears, shaft sleeves, brake pins and rod wear-resistant parts, and can also be used for manufacturing parts in welded structures, and can replace important tin bronze and even beryllium bronze. Therefore, the development of the material is just in order to meet the market demand of rapid development, and meanwhile, the material can be used as a substitute material to replace parts of other materials, so that the performance of the parts is ensured to be more excellent, and the equipment operation is more stable;
at present, the alloy material is smelted in an intermediate frequency furnace or a power frequency furnace, is subjected to open flow continuous casting, is subjected to non-vacuum smelting, and is prepared through flat extraction of cast ingots or sectional materials, the problems of air holes, impurities and the like are easy to introduce in the production process, the prepared QSi-1 is easy to have the defects of air holes, impurities and the like, and the standard with high requirements on the purity of the material is difficult to reach.
Thus, according to the current market demand, the present design provides a casting method for vacuum induction smelting QSi3-1 alloy ingots.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a transverse magnetic contact with a fillet characteristic and a processing method thereof.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows: a preparation method of a vacuum induction smelting QSi3-1 alloy cast ingot comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a CuSi16 intermediate alloy;
s2, proportioning:
weighing 19-21% of CuSi16 intermediate alloy, 1.2-1.4% of electrolytic manganese tablets, 0.04-0.08% of additive and the balance of electrolytic copper plate according to mass percentage;
s3, charging:
putting an electrolytic copper plate and an electrolytic manganese plate into a crucible, putting a CuSi16 intermediate alloy and an additive into a secondary feeding device, closing a furnace cover, closing a gas release valve, and cleaning an observation window;
s4, vacuumizing:
starting a mechanical pump, opening a low-vacuum baffle valve to vacuumize, and starting a Roots pump when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 0.08MPa or below;
s5, smelting:
when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 20Pa and below, heating is started, the power is increased to 60+/-5 KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, the power is increased to 120+/-5 KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, the power is increased to 150+/-5 KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, when the heating power is increased to 180KW, the power is reduced to 60KW after the metal in the crucible is completely melted, an air charging valve is opened, air is slowly charged into the furnace body, when the pressure in the furnace is increased to 0.08Mpa, the air charging valve is closed, and a secondary charging mode is used for adding CuSi16 intermediate alloy and additives into the crucible for full reaction;
s6, casting:
raising the power to 180KW, refining for 10min, then lowering the power to 50KW, keeping for 1min, and starting casting for 6-8 min;
s7, discharging:
after casting, the heating is turned off, and the casting is carried out after cooling for 30 minutes.
Description: the CuSi16 intermediate alloy is smelted firstly, so that element burning loss can be reduced, a secondary feeding mode is used, uniformity of material components in smelting is enhanced, QSi-1 alloy ingot casting raw materials are better mixed in raw materials, and then CuSi16 alloy is added, so that metal alloying is facilitated, si element burning loss is reduced, the material component range can be accurately controlled, the QSi-1 alloy ingot casting prepared by the method is very uniform in material component, inclusion risks can be well avoided or reduced, QSi-1 alloy ingot casting with compact structure, uniform material component and low oxygen content can be manufactured, and macroscopic and microscopic defects such as Cu and Si enrichment are avoided.
Further, the step S1 prepares a CuSi16 master alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1-1, proportioning:
weighing 16-17% of Si and 83-84% of Cu according to mass percent;
s1-2, charging:
si and Cu are put into a crucible, a furnace cover is closed, a gas release valve is closed, and an observation window is cleaned;
s1-3, vacuumizing:
starting a mechanical pump, opening a low-vacuum baffle valve to vacuumize, and starting a Roots pump when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 0.08MPa or below;
s1-4, smelting:
when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 10Pa and below, heating and raising the temperature, the power is raised to 10+/-2 KW, the temperature is kept for 5min, the power is raised to 20+/-2 KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, the power is raised to 40+/-2 KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, when the power is raised to 65KW, the power is reduced to 20KW until the metal in the crucible is completely melted, an air charging valve is opened, air is slowly charged into the furnace body, and when the pressure in the furnace is raised to 0.08MPa, the air charging valve is closed;
s1-5, casting:
raising the power to 60KW, refining for 5min, and then starting casting;
s1-6, discharging:
after casting is completed, the heating is turned off, the casting is discharged after cooling for 15 minutes, and the casting quality condition is checked.
Description: and (3) preparing the CuSi16 intermediate alloy, wherein the vacuum degree is controlled within 5Pa, the raw materials for preparing the intermediate alloy are less in feeding, and the solidification is relatively fast. The uniformity and consistency of the components after casting are very good, and the impurity content is very low, including the oxygen content is very low (the content is generally below 90 ppm), etc.
Further, in the step S6, a dedicated steel mold is used for casting.
Description: the special steel mould is used for casting, so that the air can be effectively exhausted, the impurity of the QSi-1 alloy cast ingot is reduced, the casting speed is set according to the weight, the material, the temperature and the mould structure of the smelting material, and the reasonable setting of the casting speed is favorable for degassing, deslagging and compact structure of molten metal in the solidification process.
Further, in step S1-5, a special water-cooled copper mold is used for casting.
Description: the special water-cooling copper mold is used for casting, so that the solidification of molten metal can be accelerated.
Further, in the step S1-5, the casting time is 20 to 25S, and the average casting speed is 0.29 to 0.36m 3 /h。
Description: and the casting is performed in the same water-cooling die rapidly, so that the segregation defect which usually occurs in the preparation of the CuSi16 master alloy is solved.
Further, the additive is 98% of rare earth lanthanum and 2% of 4-chloropyridine.
Description: through the use of the additive, the metal liquid during smelting can be effectively exhausted, deslagged and purified, and meanwhile, the additive has the function of refining grains, so that the QSi-1 alloy cast ingot has fewer inclusions.
Further, in the steps S1-4 and S5, the gas to be charged was argon gas, and the purity of the argon gas was 99.999%.
Description: argon, an inert gas which is insoluble in liquid metal at high temperatures, is charged for increasing the pressure in the furnace.
Further, in the step S1-6, the post-casting CuSi16 master alloy is subjected to QSi-1 alloy ingot casting after being subjected to detection qualification, and the standard of the detection qualification is as follows: 15.5-16.5%.
Description: the qualified CuSi16 intermediate alloy is used for subsequent QSi-1 alloy ingot casting preparation, so that the prepared QSi-1 ingot casting material components are more uniform; a CuSi16 master alloy having a uniform composition but a Si content lower or higher than that of the standard may be used in a vacuum furnace; the CuSi16 master alloy with uneven composition can be re-smelted in a furnace or added for non-vacuum smelting copper-silicon alloy. And the unqualified CuSi16 intermediate alloy is put into other production again, so that the resource waste is reduced.
Further, the initial casting speed is 0.15-0.2 m 3 After casting for 25-30 s, the casting speed is increased to 0.35-0.40 m 3 And/h, casting for 4.5-5.5 min, and finally reducing the casting speed to 0.15-0.20 m 3 And (3) casting for 1-2 min.
Description: according to QSi-1, which is the material characteristics including a die and other factors, the casting time is set to 6-8 min, and the copper alloy cast ingot with compact structure, uniform composition and no casting defects such as air holes, slag inclusion and the like can be cast, so that the quality of the cast ingot is ensured.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
according to the application, the CuSi16 intermediate alloy is firstly prepared by adopting a vacuum induction smelting process, the uniformity of the material components is enhanced by secondary feeding and smelting, the element burning loss is reduced by firstly smelting the intermediate alloy, the solidification of molten metal can be accelerated by using a special water-cooling copper mold for smelting, the segregation defect is overcome, the produced QSi-1 alloy cast ingot is cooled by a steel mold, the structure is compact, pores and inclusions are less, and the metallurgical defects such as alloy element enrichment and segregation are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a main flow chart of the smelting QSi3-1 alloy ingot of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a gold phase diagram of an alloy ingot of the application QSi3-1 at 100X;
FIG. 3 is a gold phase diagram of a CuSi16 master alloy 100X of the present application;
Detailed Description
The application will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments to better embody the advantages of the application.
Example 1
A preparation method of a vacuum induction smelting QSi3-1 alloy cast ingot comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a CuSi16 intermediate alloy;
s1-1, proportioning:
weighing 16.5% of Si and 83.5% of Cu according to mass percent;
s1-2, charging:
si and Cu are put into a crucible, a furnace cover is closed, a gas release valve is closed, and an observation window is cleaned;
s1-3, vacuumizing:
starting a mechanical pump, opening a low-vacuum baffle valve to vacuumize, and starting a Roots pump when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 0.08 MPa;
s1-4, smelting:
when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 10Pa and below, heating and raising the temperature, the power is raised to 102KW, the temperature is kept for 5min, the power is raised to 202KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, the power is raised to 402KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, when the power is raised to 65KW, the power is reduced to 20KW until the metal in the crucible is completely melted, an inflation valve is opened, argon is slowly filled into the furnace body, the purity of the argon is 99.999%, and when the pressure in the furnace is raised to 0.08MPa, the inflation valve is closed;
s1-5, casting:
raising the power to 60KW, refining for 5min, and then starting casting;
casting a special water-cooling copper mold;
the casting time was 23S, and the average casting speed was 0.33m 3 /h；
S1-6, discharging:
after casting is finished, heating is closed, cooling is carried out for 15 minutes, and then the casting is carried out, and the casting quality condition is checked;
after casting, the CuSi16 intermediate alloy is subjected to QSi-1 alloy ingot casting preparation after being detected to be qualified;
s2, proportioning:
weighing 20% of CuSi16 intermediate alloy, 1.3% of electrolytic manganese flakes, 0.06% of additive and the balance of electrolytic copper plate according to mass percent;
s3, charging:
putting an electrolytic copper plate and an electrolytic manganese plate into a crucible, putting a CuSi16 intermediate alloy and an additive into a secondary feeding device, closing a furnace cover, closing a gas release valve, and cleaning an observation window;
s4, vacuumizing:
starting a mechanical pump, opening a low-vacuum baffle valve to vacuumize, and starting a Roots pump when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 0.08MPa or below;
s5, smelting:
when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 20Pa and below, heating is started, the power is increased to 60KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, the power is increased to 120KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, the power is increased to 150KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, when the heating power is increased to 180KW until the metal in the crucible is completely melted and the power is reduced to 60KW, an inflation valve is opened, argon is slowly filled into the furnace body, the purity of the argon is 99.999 percent, and when the pressure in the furnace is increased to 0.08Mpa, the inflation valve is closed, and a secondary charging mode is used for adding CuSi16 intermediate alloy and additives into the crucible for full reaction;
s6, casting:
raising the power to 180KW, refining for 10min, then lowering the power to 50KW, keeping for 1min, and starting casting, wherein the casting time is 7min in total;
casting and using a special steel mould;
the initial casting speed was 0.15m 3 After casting for 30S, the casting speed was increased to 0.37m 3 Casting for 5min, and finally reducing the casting speed to 0.17m 3 Casting for 1.5min;
s7, discharging:
after casting, the heating is turned off, and the casting is carried out after cooling for 30 minutes.
The additive is 98% of rare earth lanthanum and 2% of 4-chloropyridine.
The equipment used for the production is a 25kg vacuum induction melting furnace.
Example 2
The present example is different from example 1 in that in the above-mentioned step S2, 19% of a CuSi16 master alloy, 1.2% of an electrolytic manganese sheet, 0.04% of an additive, and the balance of an electrolytic copper plate are weighed in mass percent.
Example 3
This example is different from example 1 in that in the above-mentioned step S2, 21% of a CuSi16 master alloy, 1.4% of an electrolytic manganese sheet, 0.08% of an additive, and the balance of an electrolytic copper plate are weighed in mass percent.
Example 4
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in the step S5, when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 20Pa or less, heating is started, the power is increased to 65KW, the power is maintained for 10min, the power is increased to 125KW, the power is maintained for 10min, the power is increased to 155KW, and the power is maintained for 10min.
Example 5
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in the step S5, when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 20Pa or less, heating is started, the power is increased to 55KW, the power is maintained for 10min, the power is increased to 115KW, the power is maintained for 10min, the power is increased to 145KW, and the power is maintained for 10min.
Example 6
This example differs from example 1 in that in step S6, the casting time is 6min and the casting speed is started to be 0.15m 3 After casting for 30s, the casting speed is increased to 0.40m 3 Casting for 4.5min, and finally reducing the casting speed to 0.20m 3 And/h, casting for 1min.
Example 7
This example differs from example 1 in that in step S6, the casting time is 8min and the casting speed is started to be 0.15m 3 After casting for 30s, the casting speed is increased to 0.35m 3 Casting for 5.5min, and finally reducing the casting speed to 0.15m 3 /h, casting for 2min
Example 8
This example differs from example 1 in that in steps S1-5, the casting time was 20S and the average casting speed was 0.36m 3 /h。
Example 9
This example differs from example 1 in that in steps S1-5, the casting time was 25S and the average casting speed was 0.29m 3 /h。
Experimental example
The impurity contents of the QSi3-1 alloy ingots prepared in each example were respectively tested, and the following are specifically studied:
1. chemical content detection of QSi3-1 alloy ingot prepared in example 1:
randomly taking three groups of prepared QSi3-1 alloy ingots, and detecting the chemical content in the ingots;
TABLE 1 chemical content of QSi3-1 alloy ingots prepared in example 1
As can be seen from table 1 above, three sets of QSi-1 alloy ingots were randomly drawn, wherein the Cu content was 95±1%, the Si content was 3±0.2%, the Mn content was 1±0.2%, the impurity was O, N and the C, the total impurity content ratio was not more than 0.004%, and the impurity content was extremely low;
as shown in FIG. 2, the QSi-1 alloy cast ingot prepared by the method and the proportioning ratio of the example 1 has compact structure, less air holes and no metallurgical defects such as enrichment and segregation of alloy elements.
2. Chemical content detection of CuSi16 master alloy prepared in example 1:
randomly taking three groups of prepared CuSi16 intermediate alloys, and detecting the internal chemical content of the CuSi16 intermediate alloys;
TABLE 2 chemical content of CuSi16 master alloy prepared in example 1
As can be seen from table 2 above, three groups of CuSi16 intermediate alloys were randomly extracted, wherein the Si content was controlled within 16±1%, the Cu content was 84±1%, the impurity was O, N, C and S, the total impurity content ratio was not more than 0.02%, and the impurity content was extremely low;
as shown in FIG. 3, the CuSi16 master alloy prepared by the method according to the proportion of the ingredients in the embodiment 1 has compact structure, less pores and no metallurgical defects such as enrichment and segregation of alloy elements.
3. The influence of the proportion of the preparation raw materials on the chemical content of the QSi3-1 alloy cast ingot is explored:
examples 1, 2, 3 were used as experimental comparisons; comparative example 1 was also set up: based on the example 1, the additive is 100% of rare earth lanthanum, and other conditions are unchanged; the results are shown in the following table;
TABLE 3 chemical content of QSi3-1 alloy ingots with different proportions of raw materials
As can be seen from the above Table 3, the QSi-1 alloy ingots prepared from different proportions of raw materials have small gap and extremely low impurity content, wherein the raw material proportion of the embodiment 1 is optimal, the prepared QSi-1 alloy ingots have the lowest impurity content, meanwhile, compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment 1 shows that the additive of 98% of rare earth lanthanum and 2% of 4-chloropyridine is replaced by 100% of rare earth lanthanum, and the prepared QSi-1 alloy ingots have obviously more impurities, so that the additive has more obvious effect on reducing the impurity of QSi3-1 alloy ingots.
4. The influence of the preparation process on the chemical content of the QSi3-1 alloy ingot is explored:
examples 1, 4-9 were used as experimental comparisons; the results are shown in the following table;
TABLE 4 impurity content of QSi3-1 alloy ingots under different preparation techniques
| Project | O(％) | N(％) | C(％) |
| Example 1 | 0.0012 | 0.0009 | 0.0021 |
| Example 4 | 0.0009 | 0.00011 | 0.0019 |
| Example 5 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.0025 |
| Example 6 | 0.0011 | 0.0012 | 0.0019 |
| Example 7 | 0.0013 | 0.0011 | 0.0022 |
| Example 8 | 0.0009 | 0.0008 | 0.0018 |
| Example 9 | 0.0014 | 0.0011 | 0.0023 |
As can be seen from table 4 above, the impurity content of the QSi3-1 alloy ingot prepared in a reasonable range of the preparation process is extremely low, and the impurity content of the QSi3-1 alloy ingot prepared under the heating power of example 4 is the lowest, but the preparation conditions of example 1 are better in consideration of factors such as the production efficiency and the production cost; and simultaneously, the casting speed is improved, so that the impurity is reduced.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the vacuum induction smelting QSi3-1 alloy cast ingot is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing a CuSi16 intermediate alloy;
s2, proportioning:
weighing 19-21% of CuSi16 intermediate alloy, 1.2-1.4% of electrolytic manganese tablets, 0.04-0.08% of additive and the balance of electrolytic copper plate according to mass percentage;
s3, charging:
putting an electrolytic copper plate and an electrolytic manganese plate into a crucible, putting a CuSi16 intermediate alloy and an additive into a secondary feeding device, closing a furnace cover, closing a gas release valve, and cleaning an observation window;
s4, vacuumizing:
starting a mechanical pump, opening a low-vacuum baffle valve to vacuumize, and starting a Roots pump when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 0.08MPa or below;
s5, smelting:
when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 20Pa and below, heating is started, the power is increased to 60+/-5 KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, the power is increased to 120+/-5 KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, the power is increased to 150+/-5 KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, when the heating power is increased to 180KW, the power is reduced to 60KW after the metal in the crucible is completely melted, an air charging valve is opened, air is slowly charged into the furnace body, when the pressure in the furnace is increased to 0.08Mpa, the air charging valve is closed, and a secondary charging mode is used for adding CuSi16 intermediate alloy and additives into the crucible for full reaction;
s6, casting:
raising the power to 180KW, refining for 10min, then lowering the power to 50KW, keeping for 1min, and starting casting for 6-8 min;
s7, discharging:
after casting, the heating is turned off, and the casting is carried out after cooling for 30 minutes.
2. The method for preparing a vacuum induction melting QSi3-1 alloy ingot according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 is to prepare a CuSi16 master alloy, comprising the steps of:
s1-1, proportioning:
weighing 16-17% of Si and 83-84% of Cu according to mass percent;
s1-2, charging:
si and Cu are put into a crucible, a furnace cover is closed, a gas release valve is closed, and an observation window is cleaned;
s1-3, vacuumizing:
starting a mechanical pump, opening a low-vacuum baffle valve to vacuumize, and starting a Roots pump when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 0.08MPa or below;
s1-4, smelting:
when the vacuum pressure in the furnace is reduced to 10Pa and below, heating and raising the temperature, the power is raised to 10+/-2 KW, the temperature is kept for 5min, the power is raised to 20+/-2 KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, the power is raised to 40+/-2 KW, the temperature is kept for 10min, when the power is raised to 65KW, the power is reduced to 20KW until the metal in the crucible is completely melted, an air charging valve is opened, air is slowly charged into the furnace body, and when the pressure in the furnace is raised to 0.08MPa, the air charging valve is closed;
s1-5, casting:
raising the power to 60KW, refining for 5min, and then starting casting;
s1-6, discharging:
after casting is completed, the heating is turned off, the casting is discharged after cooling for 15 minutes, and the casting quality condition is checked.
3. The method for preparing a vacuum induction melting QSi3-1 alloy ingot according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, a dedicated steel mold is used for casting.
4. The method for producing a vacuum induction melting QSi3-1 alloy ingot according to claim 2, wherein in step S1-5, a special water-cooled copper mold is used for casting.
5. The method for producing a vacuum induction melting QSi3-1 alloy ingot according to claim 2, wherein in step S1-5, the casting time is 20 to 25S and the average casting speed is 0.29 to 0.36m 3 /h。
6. The method for preparing a vacuum induction melting QSi3-1 alloy ingot according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises 98% of rare earth lanthanum and 2% of 4-chloropyridine.
7. The method for producing a vacuum induction melting QSi3-1 alloy ingot according to claim 2, wherein the argon gas is introduced in steps S1-4 and S5 with a purity of 99.999%.
8. The method for preparing a vacuum induction melting QSi3-1 alloy ingot according to claim 2, wherein in step S1-6, the post-casting CuSi16 master alloy is subjected to QSi-1 alloy ingot preparation after being detected as being qualified, and the detection qualification criteria are as follows: si content is as follows: 15.5-16.5%.
9. The method for producing a vacuum induction melting QSi3-1 alloy ingot according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the initial casting speed is 0.15 to 0.2m 3 After casting for 25-30 s, the casting speed is increased to 0.35-0.40 m 3 And/h, casting for 4.5-5.5 min, and finally reducing the casting speed to 0.15-0.20 m 3 And (3) casting for 1-2 min.
10. The method for producing a vacuum induction melting QSi3-1 alloy ingot according to claim 2, wherein in step S1-5, the average casting speed is 0.29 to 0.36m 3 /h。
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