CN116947421A - Super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on aggregate grading model and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on aggregate grading model and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116947421A CN116947421A CN202310940935.7A CN202310940935A CN116947421A CN 116947421 A CN116947421 A CN 116947421A CN 202310940935 A CN202310940935 A CN 202310940935A CN 116947421 A CN116947421 A CN 116947421A
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/80—Optical properties, e.g. transparency or reflexibility
- C04B2111/82—Coloured materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on an aggregate grading model and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials, wherein the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 to 30 parts of cement, 0 to 15 parts of mineral powder, 0.1 to 1 part of hydrophobizing agent, 0 to 10 parts of limestone powder, 20 to 60 parts of aggregate, 0 to 0.75 part of additive, 0 to 2 parts of coupling agent and 0 to 20 parts of unsaturated resin; and (3) performing particle grading fitting to obtain an aggregate grading model, calculating the passing percentage of the aggregates with each particle size, and calculating the aggregate content in each particle size range according to the passing percentage of the aggregates with each particle size. The invention can solve the problems of low compactness of the artificial stone slab and the like caused by the fact that the original designed grading is changed by being damaged in the pressing process of the granular materials, can obviously reduce the development cost and improve the utilization rate of aggregate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on an aggregate grading model and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The artificial stone is made up by using adhesive, coarse and fine filler and additive through a certain preparation process, and possesses the characteristics of natural marble and granite pattern. The artificial stone plate is generally required to be pressed and molded, and although some patents are more designed in the aspect of aggregate grading, the damage degree of pressure to the shape and the particle size of the aggregate is rarely considered in the pressing process of the artificial stone plate. Because when pressurizing, the uppermost material is first compressed, then the pressure overcomes the friction force between the machine particles and the mould and is transferred to the next layer of particles, the large-particle material is destroyed in the process, and the original designed grading is changed, so that the compactness of the material is affected to a certain extent.
Therefore, the invention establishes a mathematical model suitable for the grading design of the artificial stone slab with high tailing doping amount by utilizing the modern mathematical theory and calculation technology, can complete the grading design of the artificial stone slab with the tailing only by calculation, and the aggregate grading is not easy to change in the pressing process, thereby not only remarkably reducing the development cost, but also improving the utilization rate of the tailing sand and the like, and effectively promoting the utilization of the tailing in the field of building materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on an aggregate grading model and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that an artificial stone plate is low in compactness, low in strength, poor in surface glossiness and the like due to the fact that the original designed grading is changed due to the fact that the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate is damaged in the particle material pressing process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 to 30 parts of cement, 0 to 15 parts of mineral powder, 0.1 to 1 part of hydrophobizing agent, 0 to 10 parts of limestone powder, 20 to 60 parts of aggregate, 0 to 0.75 part of additive, 0 to 2 parts of coupling agent and 0 to 20 parts of unsaturated resin;
the particle size distribution of two points of the finest particle size and the coarsest particle size is selected for fitting through experimental aggregate coarse, medium and fine particle size mixing amounts and strength thereof, a nonlinear fitting tool of origin8.0 is applied for non-fitting the coarse particle size and the fine particle size distribution, and the nonlinear fitting form is the passing percentage P of a certain particle size di As a dependent variable, aggregate particle size (d i /d max ) As an independent variable, an aggregate grading model was obtained:
P di ＝[(100-α)(d i /d max ) λ +α(d i /d max ) k ]×100％
wherein: d, d i Represents the particle size of the ith aggregate, mm; p (P) di Represents the particle diameter d i Aggregate passing percentage of (2); d, d max Represents the maximum particle size of the aggregate, mm; k represents a gradation correction index, k=0.39 to 1.25; alpha represents the relation between the aggregate doping amount and the strength, and is a dimensionless number; λ represents an index between the negative cumulative sum of the respective particle diameters and the negative cumulative sum of the maximum particle diameter, and is a dimensionless number;
and calculating the aggregate content in each particle size range according to the passing percentage of the aggregate in each particle size range.
Further preferably, the finer the particles of the material in the artificial quartz plate pressing process, the smaller the displacement transmitted by each layer, the less the capability change of transmitting pressure, and then the combination of the stone and sand grain diameter distinguishing index, so that the aggregate grain diameter is less than 2.36mm, and the combination of the standard sieve grain diameter of the sand. Therefore, the aggregate grain size ranges are respectively less than 0.15mm, 0.15-0.3 mm, 0.3-0.6 mm, 0.6-1.18 mm and 1.18-2.36mm.
Further preferably, the grain size distribution of two points of the finest grain size and the coarsest grain size is selected for fitting, so that alpha=37.75, lambda=0.22 and k=0.4 are obtained, and the aggregate size distribution is calculated according to the following formula:
P di ＝[62.25(d i /d max ) 0.22 +37.75(d i /d max ) k ]×100％。
further preferably, the calculation result is: aggregate passing percentage P with particle size of 0.15mm 0.15 ＝62.25(0.15/2.36) 0 . 22 +37.75(0.15/2.36) 0.4 =46.49%; aggregate passing percentage P with particle size of 0.3mm 0.3 =56.08%; aggregate passing percentage P with particle size of 0.6mm 0.6 = 67.89%; aggregate passing percentage P with particle size of 1.18mm 1.18 =82.06%; aggregate pass percentage P with particle size of 2.36mm 2.36 ＝100％；
According to the percentage calculation of the aggregates with the particle sizes, the aggregate contents in the particle size ranges are respectively as follows: aggregate with the grain diameter smaller than 0.15mm accounts for 46.49%, aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.15-0.3 mm accounts for 9.59%, aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.3-0.6 mm accounts for 11.81%, and aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.6-1.18 mm accounts for 14.17%; aggregate with the grain diameter of 1.18-2.36mm accounts for 17.94 percent. The content of the chemical components of the silicon dioxide in the aggregate is more than 90 percent.
A preparation method of a super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on an aggregate grading model comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing and grinding mineral powder and a hydrophobizing agent to prepare a mineral powder-hydrophobizing agent mixture;
s2: uniformly mixing cement, mineral powder-hydrophobe mixture, limestone powder, additive, coupling agent and unsaturated resin to obtain a dry mixed material;
s3: and uniformly stirring the aggregate and the dry mixture, adding a certain amount of water, and stirring for 5min to obtain the artificial stone slab mixture.
S4: and pressing the artificial stone plate mixture to form, and then solidifying and polishing to obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
Further, the process of pressing and forming the artificial stone plate mixture and then solidifying to obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate is as follows:
(1) cloth: firstly, a layer of transparent plastic film is padded at the bottom of a mould, the periphery of the mould is fully filled with the artificial stone slab mixture, then the material is poured into the center of the mould, the whole is trowelled, and finally, a layer of transparent plastic film is attached to the upper surface of the mould;
(2) vacuum vibration: placing the die with the materials distributed in a vacuum vibration box, and vacuum vibrating for compaction;
(3) pressing: placing the die after compacting the materials on a press for pressing;
(4) curing and curing: sending the pressed material and the mould into curing equipment for curing and curing, and demoulding to obtain an artificial stone plate;
(5) cutting and polishing, namely cutting the artificial stone plate into required size, and polishing by water grinding and polishing equipment to finally obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
Specifically, when in vacuum vibration, the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 30-50 Hz, and the vibration time is 60-180 s.
Specifically, the pressure during pressing is 20-60 MPa, and the pressure stabilizing time is 20-60 s.
Specifically, the curing temperature is 80-120 ℃ and the curing time is 60-120 min.
The invention provides a super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on an aggregate grading model and a preparation method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Through the aggregate grading design mathematical model, the problems of low compactness and the like of the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate caused by the damaged grading change of the original design in the particle material pressing process are solved, the development cost is obviously reduced, and the utilization rate of the aggregate is improved;
(2) The prepared artificial stone has better hydrophobic property and smaller water absorption rate through hydrophobic modification of the material;
(3) The molding process is improved, and the molding process is pressed again after vacuum vibration, so that the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate has close packing, and the set pressing parameters enable the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate to have better performances such as wear resistance, dirt resistance and the like;
(4) And in the curing and curing process, the artificial stone plate is pressed and then enters into curing, at the temperature of the artificial stone plate, not only can the hydration of cement be promoted, but also unsaturated resin can be solidified, and under the coupling action of the artificial stone plate and the unsaturated resin, the bending strength and the hardness of the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the hydrophobic effect of the superhydrophobic artificial stone plate of comparative example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the hydrophobic effect of the super-hydrophobic artificial stone plate obtained in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the hydrophobic effect of the super-hydrophobic artificial stone plate obtained in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the hydrophobic effect of the super-hydrophobic artificial stone plate obtained in example 3;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the hydrophobic effect of the super-hydrophobic artificial stone plate obtained in example 4.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated in further detail below in connection with examples.
Comparative example 1
The super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of white cement, 1 part of mineral powder, 0.5 part of calcium stearate, 10 parts of limestone powder, 20 parts of aggregate, 0.5 part of additive, 1 part of coupling agent, 5 parts of unsaturated resin, 2.25 parts of water and 0.15 part of water-cement ratio. Aggregate with the particle size less than 2.36mm and not matched by the aggregate grading model is selected.
The preparation process of the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing and grinding mineral powder and a hydrophobizing agent to prepare a mineral powder-hydrophobizing agent mixture;
s2: uniformly mixing cement, mineral powder-hydrophobe mixture, limestone powder, additive, coupling agent and unsaturated resin to obtain a dry mixed material;
s3: and uniformly stirring the aggregate and the dry mixture, adding 2.25 parts of water, and stirring for 5min to obtain the artificial stone slab mixture.
S4: and pressing the artificial stone plate mixture to form, and then solidifying and polishing to obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
(1) Cloth: firstly, a layer of transparent plastic film is padded at the bottom of a mould, the periphery of the mould is fully filled with the artificial stone slab mixture, then the material is poured into the center of the mould, the whole is trowelled, and finally, a layer of transparent plastic film is attached to the upper surface of the mould;
(2) vacuum vibration: placing the die with the materials in a vacuum vibration box, vibrating in vacuum for compaction, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 30Hz, and the vibration time is 180s;
(3) pressing: placing the die after compacting the materials on a press for pressing, wherein the pressure is 20MPa, and the pressure stabilizing time is 60s;
(4) curing and curing: sending the pressed material and the mould into curing equipment for curing, wherein the curing temperature is 80 ℃, the curing time is 120min, then naturally curing, and demoulding to obtain the artificial stone slab;
(5) cutting and polishing, namely cutting the artificial stone plate into required size, and polishing by water grinding and polishing equipment to finally obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
Example 1
The super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of white cement, 1 part of mineral powder, 0.5 part of calcium stearate, 10 parts of limestone powder, 20 parts of aggregate, 0.5 part of additive, 1 part of coupling agent, 5 parts of unsaturated resin, 2.25 parts of water and 0.15 part of water-cement ratio.
The aggregate particle size is selected to be less than 2.36mm, and the standard sieve particle size of the sand is combined. Therefore, the aggregate grain size ranges are respectively less than 0.15mm, 0.15-0.3 mm, 0.3-0.6 mm, 0.6-1.18 mm and 1.18-2.36mm.
The super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 to 30 parts of cement, 0 to 15 parts of mineral powder, 0.1 to 1 part of hydrophobizing agent, 0 to 10 parts of limestone powder, 20 to 60 parts of aggregate, 0 to 0.75 part of additive, 0 to 2 parts of coupling agent and 0 to 20 parts of unsaturated resin;
the particle size distribution of two points of the finest particle size and the coarsest particle size is selected for fitting through experimental aggregate coarse, medium and fine particle size mixing amounts and strength thereof, a nonlinear fitting tool of origin8.0 is applied for non-fitting the coarse particle size and the fine particle size distribution, and the nonlinear fitting form is the passing percentage P of a certain particle size di As a dependent variable, aggregate particle size (d i /d max ) As independent variables, an aggregate grading model was obtained as:
P di ＝[(100-α)(d i /d max ) λ +α(d i /d max ) k ]×100％
wherein: d, d i Represents the particle size of the ith aggregate, mm; p (P) di Represents the particle diameter d i Aggregate passing percentage of (2); d, d max Represents the maximum particle size of the aggregate, mm; k represents a gradation correction index, k=0.39 to 1.25; alpha represents the relation between the aggregate doping amount and the strength, and is a dimensionless number; λ represents an index between the negative cumulative sum of the respective particle diameters and the negative cumulative sum of the maximum particle diameter, and is a dimensionless number;
in this example, the grain size distribution of the two points of the finest grain size and the coarsest grain size is selected for fitting, and α=37.75, λ=0.22, and k=0.4 are obtained, and the aggregate size distribution is calculated according to the following formula:
P di ＝[62.25(d i /d max ) 0.22 +37.75(d i /d max ) k ]×100％。
the calculation result is as follows: aggregate passing percentage P with particle size of 0.15mm 0.15 ＝62.25(0.15/2.36) 0.22 +37.75(0.15/2.36) 0.4 =46.49%; aggregate passing percentage P with particle size of 0.3mm 0.3 =56.08%; aggregate passing percentage P with particle size of 0.6mm 0.6 = 67.89%; aggregate passing percentage P with particle size of 1.18mm 1.18 =82.06%; aggregate pass percentage P with particle size of 2.36mm 2.36 ＝100％；
Therefore, aggregate contents in all particle size ranges are calculated as follows: aggregate with the grain diameter smaller than 0.15mm accounts for 46.49%, aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.15-0.3 mm accounts for 9.59% (P) 0.3 -P 0.15 ) Aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.3-0.6 mm accounts for 11.81 percent (P) 0.6 -P 0.3 ) The grain diameter is 0.6-1.18 mm and accounts for 14.17% (P) 1.18 -P 0.6 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Aggregate with the grain diameter of 1.18-2.36mm accounts for 17.94 percent (P) 2.36 -P 1.18 ). The content of the chemical components of the silicon dioxide in the aggregate is more than 90 percent.
The preparation process of the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing and grinding mineral powder and a hydrophobizing agent to prepare a mineral powder-hydrophobizing agent mixture;
s2: uniformly mixing cement, mineral powder-hydrophobe mixture, limestone powder, additive, coupling agent and unsaturated resin to obtain a dry mixed material;
s3: and uniformly stirring the aggregate and the dry mixture, adding 2.25 parts of water, and stirring for 5min to obtain the artificial stone slab mixture.
S4: and pressing the artificial stone plate mixture to form, and then solidifying and polishing to obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
(1) Cloth: firstly, a layer of transparent plastic film is padded at the bottom of a mould, the periphery of the mould is fully filled with the artificial stone slab mixture, then the material is poured into the center of the mould, the whole is trowelled, and finally, a layer of transparent plastic film is attached to the upper surface of the mould;
(2) vacuum vibration: placing the die with the materials in a vacuum vibration box, vibrating in vacuum for compaction, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 30Hz, and the vibration time is 180s;
(3) pressing: placing the die after compacting the materials on a press for pressing, wherein the pressure is 20MPa, and the pressure stabilizing time is 60s;
(4) curing and curing: sending the pressed material and the mould into curing equipment for curing, wherein the curing temperature is 80 ℃, the curing time is 120min, then naturally curing, and demoulding to obtain the artificial stone slab;
(5) cutting and polishing, namely cutting the artificial stone plate into required size, and polishing by water grinding and polishing equipment to finally obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
Example 2
The super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of white cement, 7.5 parts of mineral powder, 0.5 part of calcium stearate, 5 parts of limestone powder, 30 parts of aggregate, 0.5 part of additive, 1 part of coupling agent, 10 parts of unsaturated resin, 3.6 parts of water and 0.18 part of water-gel ratio.
The aggregate particle size is selected to be less than 2.36mm, and the standard sieve particle size of the sand is combined. Therefore, the aggregate grain size ranges are respectively less than 0.15mm, 0.15-0.3 mm, 0.3-0.6 mm, 0.6-1.18 mm and 1.18-2.36mm. The aggregate particle size is selected to be less than 2.36mm, and the standard sieve particle size of the sand is combined. Aggregate grading calculation the same as in example 1, the aggregate content in each particle size range was: aggregate with the grain diameter smaller than 0.15mm accounts for 46.49%, aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.15-0.3 mm accounts for 9.59%, aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.3-0.6 mm accounts for 11.81%, and aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.6-1.18 mm accounts for 14.17%; aggregate with the grain diameter of 1.18-2.36mm accounts for 17.94 percent. The content of the chemical components of the silicon dioxide in the aggregate is more than 90 percent.
The preparation process of the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing and grinding mineral powder and a hydrophobizing agent to prepare a mineral powder-hydrophobizing agent mixture;
s2: uniformly mixing cement, mineral powder-hydrophobe mixture, limestone powder, additive, coupling agent and unsaturated resin to obtain a dry mixed material;
s3: and uniformly stirring the aggregate and the dry mixture, adding 3.6 parts of water, and stirring for 5min to obtain the artificial stone slab mixture.
S4: and pressing the artificial stone plate mixture to form, and then solidifying and polishing to obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
(1) Cloth: firstly, a layer of transparent plastic film is padded at the bottom of a mould, the periphery of the mould is fully filled with the artificial stone slab mixture, then the material is poured into the center of the mould, the whole is trowelled, and finally, a layer of transparent plastic film is attached to the upper surface of the mould;
(2) vacuum vibration: placing the die with the materials in a vacuum vibration box, vibrating in vacuum for compaction, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 40Hz, and the vibration time is 180s;
(3) pressing: placing the die after compacting the materials on a press for pressing, wherein the pressure is 40MPa, and the pressure stabilizing time is 30s;
(4) curing and curing: sending the pressed material and the mould into curing equipment for curing, wherein the curing temperature is 100 ℃, the curing time is 90min, then naturally curing, and demoulding to obtain the artificial stone slab;
(5) cutting and polishing, namely cutting the artificial stone plate into required size, and polishing by water grinding and polishing equipment to finally obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
Example 3
The super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of white cement, 15 parts of mineral powder, 0.6 part of calcium stearate, 1 part of limestone powder, 40 parts of aggregate, 0.5 part of additive, 1 part of coupling agent, 15 parts of unsaturated resin, 4.75 parts of water and 0.19 part of water-gel ratio.
The aggregate particle size is selected to be less than 2.36mm, and the standard sieve particle size of the sand is combined. Therefore, the aggregate grain size ranges are respectively less than 0.15mm, 0.15-0.3 mm, 0.3-0.6 mm, 0.6-1.18 mm and 1.18-2.36mm. The aggregate particle size is selected to be less than 2.36mm, and the standard sieve particle size of the sand is combined. Therefore, the aggregate grain size ranges are respectively less than 0.15mm, 0.15-0.3 mm, 0.3-0.6 mm, 0.6-1.18 mm and 1.18-2.36mm. Aggregate grading calculation the same as in example 1, the aggregate content in each particle size range was: aggregate with the grain diameter smaller than 0.15mm accounts for 46.49%, aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.15-0.3 mm accounts for 9.59%, aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.3-0.6 mm accounts for 11.81%, and aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.6-1.18 mm accounts for 14.17%; aggregate with the grain diameter of 1.18-2.36mm accounts for 17.94 percent. The content of the chemical components of the silicon dioxide in the aggregate is more than 90 percent.
The preparation process of the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing and grinding mineral powder and a hydrophobizing agent to prepare a mineral powder-hydrophobizing agent mixture;
s2: uniformly mixing cement, mineral powder-hydrophobe mixture, limestone powder, additive, coupling agent and unsaturated resin to obtain a dry mixed material;
s3: and uniformly stirring the aggregate and the dry mixture, adding 4.75 parts of water, and stirring for 5min to obtain the artificial stone slab mixture.
S4: and pressing the artificial stone plate mixture to form, and then solidifying and polishing to obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
(1) Cloth: firstly, a layer of transparent plastic film is padded at the bottom of a mould, the periphery of the mould is fully filled with the artificial stone slab mixture, then the material is poured into the center of the mould, the whole is trowelled, and finally, a layer of transparent plastic film is attached to the upper surface of the mould;
(2) vacuum vibration: placing the die with the materials in a vacuum vibration box, vibrating in vacuum for compaction, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 30Hz, and the vibration time is 180s;
(3) pressing: placing the die after compacting the materials on a press for pressing, wherein the pressure is 60MPa, and the pressure stabilizing time is 20s;
(4) curing and curing: sending the pressed material and the mould into curing equipment for curing, wherein the curing temperature is 120 ℃, the curing time is 60min, then naturally curing, and demoulding to obtain the artificial stone slab;
(5) cutting and polishing, namely cutting the artificial stone plate into required size, and polishing by water grinding and polishing equipment to finally obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
Example 4
The super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of white cement, 10 parts of mineral powder, 1 part of calcium stearate, 10 parts of limestone powder, 60 parts of aggregate, 0.75 part of additive, 2 parts of coupling agent, 20 parts of unsaturated resin, 6 parts of water and 0.2 part of water-cement ratio.
The aggregate particle size is selected to be less than 2.36mm, and the standard sieve particle size of the sand is combined. Therefore, the aggregate grain size ranges are respectively less than 0.15mm, 0.15-0.3 mm, 0.3-0.6 mm, 0.6-1.18 mm and 1.18-2.36mm. Aggregate grading calculation the same as in example 1, the aggregate content in each particle size range was: aggregate with the grain diameter smaller than 0.15mm accounts for 46.49%, aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.15-0.3 mm accounts for 9.59%, aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.3-0.6 mm accounts for 11.81%, and aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.6-1.18 mm accounts for 14.17%; aggregate with the grain diameter of 1.18-2.36mm accounts for 17.94 percent. The content of the chemical components of the silicon dioxide in the aggregate is more than 90 percent.
The preparation process of the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing and grinding mineral powder and a hydrophobizing agent to prepare a mineral powder-hydrophobizing agent mixture;
s2: uniformly mixing cement, mineral powder-hydrophobe mixture, limestone powder, additive, coupling agent and unsaturated resin to obtain a dry mixed material;
s3: and uniformly stirring the aggregate and the dry mixture, adding 6 parts of water, and stirring for 5min to obtain the artificial stone slab mixture.
S4: and pressing the artificial stone plate mixture to form, and then solidifying and polishing to obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
(1) Cloth: firstly, a layer of transparent plastic film is padded at the bottom of a mould, the periphery of the mould is fully filled with the artificial stone slab mixture, then the material is poured into the center of the mould, the whole is trowelled, and finally, a layer of transparent plastic film is attached to the upper surface of the mould;
(2) vacuum vibration: placing the die with the materials in a vacuum vibration box, vibrating in vacuum for compaction, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 40Hz, and the vibration time is 120s;
(3) pressing: placing the die after compacting the materials on a press for pressing, wherein the pressure is 40MPa, and the pressure stabilizing time is 40s;
(4) curing and curing: sending the pressed material and the mould into curing equipment for curing, wherein the curing temperature is 100 ℃, the curing time is 90min, then naturally curing, and demoulding to obtain the artificial stone slab;
(5) cutting and polishing, namely cutting the artificial stone plate into required size, and polishing by water grinding and polishing equipment to finally obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
Example 5
Unlike example 4, the raw materials are in the following mass ratios: 25 parts of cement, 0 part of mineral powder, 1 part of calcium stearate, 10 parts of limestone powder, 40 parts of aggregate, 0.5 part of additive, 1 part of coupling agent, 20 parts of unsaturated resin, 5 parts of water and 0.2 part of water-gel ratio.
The aggregate grading manner and the preparation process of the superhydrophobic artificial quartz plate are the same as in example 4.
Example 6
Unlike example 4, the raw materials are in the following mass ratios: 25 parts of cement, 10 parts of mineral powder, 1 part of calcium stearate, 0 part of limestone powder, 40 parts of aggregate, 0.5 part of additive, 1 part of coupling agent, 20 parts of unsaturated resin, 5 parts of water and 0.2 part of water-gel ratio.
The aggregate grading manner and the preparation process of the superhydrophobic artificial quartz plate are the same as in example 4.
Example 7
Unlike example 4, the raw materials are in the following mass ratios: 25 parts of cement, 10 parts of mineral powder, 1 part of calcium stearate, 10 parts of limestone powder, 40 parts of aggregate, 0.5 part of additive, 1 part of coupling agent, 0 part of unsaturated resin, 5 parts of water and 0.2 part of water-gel ratio.
The aggregate grading manner and the preparation process of the superhydrophobic artificial quartz plate are the same as in example 4.
Example 8
Unlike example 4, the raw materials are in the following mass ratios: 25 parts of cement, 0 part of mineral powder, 1 part of calcium stearate, 10 parts of limestone powder, 40 parts of aggregate, 0 part of additive, 1 part of coupling agent, 20 parts of unsaturated resin, 5 parts of water and 0.2 part of water-gel ratio.
The aggregate grading manner and the preparation process of the superhydrophobic artificial quartz plate are the same as in example 4.
Example 9
Unlike example 4, the raw materials are in the following mass ratios: 25 parts of cement, 0 part of mineral powder, 1 part of calcium stearate, 10 parts of limestone powder, 40 parts of aggregate, 0.5 part of additive, 0 part of coupling agent, 20 parts of unsaturated resin, 6 parts of water and 0.2 part of water-gel ratio.
The aggregate grading manner and the preparation process of the superhydrophobic artificial quartz plate are the same as in example 4.
Table 1 test performance of various examples
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with comparative example 1, the artificial quartz plates of examples 1-9 have better hydrophobic property, smaller water absorption, better wear resistance, stain resistance and other properties, and improved flexural strength and hardness, thus solving the problems of low compactness of artificial stone plates and the like caused by the damage to change the original designed gradation in the process of pressing the granular materials, and remarkably reducing development cost and improving the utilization rate of aggregate.
The above-described specific embodiments further illustrate the objects, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and that all equivalent changes and modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 to 30 parts of cement, 0 to 15 parts of mineral powder, 0.1 to 1 part of hydrophobizing agent, 0 to 10 parts of limestone powder, 20 to 60 parts of aggregate, 0 to 0.75 part of additive, 0 to 2 parts of coupling agent and 0 to 20 parts of unsaturated resin;
through experimental aggregate coarse, medium and fine particle size mixing amount and strength thereof, the particle grading at two points of the finest particle size and the coarsest particle size is selected for fitting, the coarse particle size and the fine particle size are not fitted, and the passing percentage P of the particle size of the aggregate is calculated di As a dependent variable, the aggregate particle size is used as an independent variable to obtain an aggregate grading model:
P di ＝[(100-α)(d i /d max ) λ +α(d i /d max ) k ]×100％
wherein: d, d i Represents the particle size of the ith aggregate; p (P) di Represents the particle diameter d i Aggregate passing percentage of (2); d, d max Indicating the maximum particle size of the aggregate; k represents a gradation correction index; alpha represents the relation between the aggregate doping amount and the strength; λ represents an index between the negative cumulative occupancy of each particle size and the negative cumulative occupancy of the maximum particle size;
and calculating the aggregate content in each particle size range according to the passing percentage of the aggregate in each particle size range.
2. The super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate particle size ranges are respectively less than 0.15mm, 0.15-0.3 mm, 0.3-0.6 mm, 0.6-1.18 mm and 1.18-2.36mm.
3. The super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on an aggregate grading model according to claim 1, wherein the grain grading of two points of the finest grain size and the coarsest grain size is selected for fitting to obtain a=37.75, λ=0.22, k=0.4, and the aggregate grading is calculated according to the following formula:
P di ＝[62.25(d i /d max ) 0.22 +37.75(d i /d max ) k ]×100％。
4. an aggregate gradation model based design according to claim 3The super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate is characterized in that the aggregate passing percentage P with the particle size of 0.15mm 0.15 = 46.49%; aggregate passing percentage P with particle size of 0.3mm 0.3 =56.08%; aggregate passing percentage P with particle size of 0.6mm 0.6 = 67.89%; aggregate passing percentage P with particle size of 1.18mm 1.18 =82.06%; aggregate pass percentage P with particle size of 2.36mm 2.36 ＝100％。
5. The super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model according to claim 4, wherein the aggregate content in each particle size range is calculated according to the passing percentage of each particle size aggregate and is respectively as follows: aggregate with the grain diameter smaller than 0.15mm accounts for 46.49%, aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.15-0.3 mm accounts for 9.59%, aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.3-0.6 mm accounts for 11.81%, and aggregate with the grain diameter of 0.6-1.18 mm accounts for 14.17%; aggregate with the grain diameter of 1.18-2.36mm accounts for 17.94 percent.
6. The ultra-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model according to claim 1, wherein the content of silicon dioxide chemical components in the aggregate is more than 90%.
7. A method for preparing the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1: mixing and grinding mineral powder and a hydrophobizing agent to prepare a mineral powder-hydrophobizing agent mixture;
s2: uniformly mixing cement, mineral powder-hydrophobe mixture, limestone powder, additive, coupling agent and unsaturated resin to obtain a dry mixed material;
s3: and uniformly stirring the aggregate and the dry mixture, adding a certain amount of water, and stirring for 5min to obtain the artificial stone slab mixture.
S4: and pressing the artificial stone plate mixture to form, and then solidifying and polishing to obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
8. The method for preparing the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate gradation model according to claim 7, wherein the process of pressing and molding the artificial stone plate mixture and then solidifying the mixture to obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate is as follows:
(1) cloth: firstly, a layer of transparent plastic film is padded at the bottom of a mould, the periphery of the mould is fully filled with the artificial stone slab mixture, then the material is poured into the center of the mould, the whole is trowelled, and finally, a layer of transparent plastic film is attached to the upper surface of the mould;
(2) vacuum vibration: placing the die with the materials distributed in a vacuum vibration box, and vacuum vibrating for compaction;
(3) pressing: placing the die after compacting the materials on a press for pressing;
(4) curing and curing: sending the pressed material and the mould into curing equipment for curing and curing, and demoulding to obtain an artificial stone plate;
(5) cutting and polishing, namely cutting the artificial stone plate into required size, and polishing by water grinding and polishing equipment to finally obtain the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate.
9. The method for preparing the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model according to claim 8, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the vibration frequency is 30-50 Hz, and the vibration time is 60-180 s during vacuum vibration.
10. The method for preparing the super-hydrophobic artificial quartz plate designed based on the aggregate grading model according to claim 7, wherein the pressure during pressing is 20-60 MPa, and the pressure stabilizing time is 20-60 s; the curing temperature is 80-120 ℃ and the curing time is 60-120 min.
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