CN116925739A - Quantum dot optical plate, preparation method thereof, quantum dot microcolumn and light-emitting device - Google Patents

Quantum dot optical plate, preparation method thereof, quantum dot microcolumn and light-emitting device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116925739A
CN116925739A CN202210340784.7A CN202210340784A CN116925739A CN 116925739 A CN116925739 A CN 116925739A CN 202210340784 A CN202210340784 A CN 202210340784A CN 116925739 A CN116925739 A CN 116925739A
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quantum dot
resin
acrylate
shell layer
functionality
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白俊
余世荣
罗飞
苏昱恺
康冬冬
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Najing Technology Corp Ltd
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Najing Technology Corp Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
    • C09K11/025—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor non-luminescent particle coatings or suspension media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V15/00—Protecting lighting devices from damage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/30—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements

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Abstract

The disclosure provides a quantum dot optical plate, a preparation method thereof, a quantum dot microcolumn and a light-emitting device. The quantum dot optical plate comprises a platy resin matrix and a plurality of quantum dot microcolumns positioned in the resin matrix, wherein each quantum dot microcolumn comprises a column core of resin and a shell layer of polymer coated on the side surface of the column core, the material of the column core comprises first resin, the types of the first resin and the material of the resin matrix are the same or different, quantum dot materials are dispersed in the shell layer, the glass transition temperature of the shell layer is more than or equal to 165 ℃, and the thermal deformation temperature of the shell layer is more than or equal to 160 ℃.

Description

Quantum dot optical plate, preparation method thereof, quantum dot microcolumn and light-emitting device
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of quantum dot photoluminescent devices, in particular to a quantum dot optical plate, a preparation method thereof, a quantum dot microcolumn and a light-emitting device.
Background
The quantum dot as one new generation of luminous material has the outstanding features of narrow half-peak width, adjustable wavelength, high quantum yield, etc. However, quantum dot materials are very sensitive to water and oxygen, are susceptible to failure when applied in a water-oxygen environment, and have a short service life. In order to ensure the usability of devices processed from quantum dots, manufacturers often use barrier films to encapsulate the quantum dot material to prepare quantum dot films, which are then applied to display devices. However, the quantum dot membrane has high manufacturing cost and single function, and the binding force between the membrane and the quantum dot layer has defects, so that the invasion of water vapor and oxygen is easy to cause after the membrane is peeled off. Therefore, the multifunctional and low-cost quantum dot diffusion plate can be used as a substitute of a quantum dot film material.
The quantum dot diffusion plate for the backlight module is mainly prepared by extrusion molding as a mass production mode, and the polymer master batch and the quantum dot master batch are mixed and extruded to obtain a plate, wherein the processing temperature is about 180-250 ℃. The common quantum dot master batch is also obtained by coextrusion of the quantum dot material and the polymer material, so that the quantum dot material is extruded at high temperature twice. However, high-temperature extrusion can lead to the reduction of the quantum yield and the service life of the quantum dot material, so how to solve the problem of the failure of the quantum dot caused by high temperature is a difficult problem of the quantum dot diffusion plate. In addition, the materials used for the quantum dot diffusion plate (for example, PS, PMMA, PC, PP and the like) have poor water-oxygen barrier property, so how to improve the service life of the quantum dot materials in the diffusion plate is also another urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present disclosure is to provide a quantum dot optical sheet including a plate-shaped resin matrix and a plurality of quantum dot microcolumns in the resin matrix, each of the quantum dot microcolumns including a core of a resin and a shell layer of a polymer coated on a side surface of the core, the material of the core including a first resin, the first resin being the same as or different from the material of the resin matrix, quantum dot materials being dispersed in the shell layer, the glass transition temperature of the shell layer being 165 ℃ or higher and the thermal deformation temperature of the shell layer being 160 ℃ or higher.
Optionally, the material of the shell layer comprises a product obtained by curing a photo-curing composition, wherein the photo-curing composition comprises an acrylate prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6-9 or a polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6-9, an acrylate monomer, an acrylate crosslinking agent with 2-4 functionalities and a photoinitiator.
Optionally, the photocurable composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the acrylic prepolymer with 6-9 double bond functionality or the polyurethane modified acrylic prepolymer with 6-9 double bond functionality is 27.0-49.8%, the acrylic monomer is 18.0-39.8%, the acrylic cross-linking agent with 2-4 functionality is 24.8-44.2%, and the photoinitiator is 0.4-1.2%.
Optionally, the acrylic monomer is selected from one or more of isobornyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, dicyclopentanyl acrylate and trimethylcyclohexyl acrylate.
Optionally, the 2-4 functionality acrylic cross-linking agent is selected from one or more of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
Alternatively, the material of the resin matrix and the first resin are independently selected from one or more of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer.
Optionally, the core and the shell are chemically bonded.
Optionally, the material of the column core further comprises a second resin with hydroxyl functional groups, and the material of the shell layer comprises isocyanate; preferably, the second resin is one or more selected from polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer and hydroxyl terminated polyurethane, and the second resin accounts for 20% -30% of the total mass of the material of the column core.
Optionally, the diameter of the columnar core is 50-100 μm; preferably, the diameter of the quantum dot microcolumn is 70-150 μm and the length thereof is 200-300 μm.
Optionally, each gram of the quantum dot optical plate contains 2000-20000 quantum dot microcolumns.
The disclosure also provides a preparation method of the quantum dot optical plate, comprising the following steps: s1, preparing quantum dot glue, wherein the quantum dot glue comprises a quantum dot material and a photo-curing composition; s2, heating and melting a resin material comprising a first resin through a first extruder, extruding and stretching to form a resin rod, coating the quantum dot glue on the surface of the resin rod, and forming a shell layer on the surface of the resin rod by adopting a photo-curing quantum dot glue layer, wherein the glass transition temperature of the shell layer is more than or equal to 165 ℃ and the thermal deformation temperature is more than or equal to 160 ℃; s3, granulating the resin rod with the surface coated with the shell layer to obtain a plurality of quantum dot microcolumns, wherein the quantum dot microcolumns comprise column cores formed by the resin rod and the shell layer coated on the column cores; s4, preparing a raw material of a resin matrix, wherein the raw material of the resin matrix is the same as or different from the type of the first resin, mixing the plurality of quantum dot microcolumns with the raw material of the resin matrix through a second extruder, setting the heating temperature of the second extruder to be a first temperature, and melting the raw material of the resin matrix in the heating process of the second extruder, wherein the shell layer is not melted, and obtaining the quantum dot optical plate after coextrusion, wherein the quantum dot optical plate comprises the platy resin matrix and the plurality of quantum dot microcolumns in the resin matrix.
Optionally, the photo-curing composition comprises an acrylic monomer, an acrylic prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6-9 or a polyurethane modified acrylic prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6-9, a 2-4 functionality acrylic crosslinking agent and a photoinitiator.
Optionally, the photocurable composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the acrylic prepolymer with 6-9 double bond functionality or the polyurethane modified acrylic prepolymer with 6-9 double bond functionality is 27.0-49.8%, the acrylic monomer is 18.0-39.8%, the acrylic cross-linking agent with 2-4 functionality is 24.8-44.2%, and the photoinitiator is 0.4-1.2%.
Optionally, the acrylic monomer is selected from one or more of isobornyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, dicyclopentanyl acrylate and trimethylcyclohexyl acrylate; the 2-4 functionality acrylic ester cross-linking agent is selected from one or more of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the quantum dot material to the photo-curing composition is 1:20-1:4.
Optionally, the quantum dot glue in S1 further includes isocyanate, and the resin material forming the resin rod in S2 further includes a second resin having a hydroxyl functional group; preferably, the second resin is one or more selected from polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer, and hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane, and the second resin accounts for 20% to 30% of the total mass of the resin material forming the resin rod.
The disclosure also provides a light-emitting device comprising any one of the above quantum dot optical plates or any one of the above quantum dot optical plates manufactured by the manufacturing method.
The disclosure also provides a quantum dot microcolumn comprising a core of a resin and a shell layer of a polymer coated on a side surface of the core, wherein a quantum dot material is dispersed in the shell layer, and the glass transition temperature of the shell layer is not less than 165 ℃ and the thermal deformation temperature is not less than 160 ℃.
Optionally, the diameter of the columnar core is 50-100 μm; preferably, the diameter of the quantum dot microcolumn is 70-150 μm and the length thereof is 200-300 μm.
Optionally, the material of the shell layer comprises a product formed by curing a photo-curing composition, wherein the photo-curing composition comprises an acrylate prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6-9 or a polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6-9, an acrylate monomer, an acrylate crosslinking agent with 2-4 functionality and a photoinitiator; preferably, the photocurable composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the acrylic prepolymer with 6-9 double bond functionality or the polyurethane modified acrylic prepolymer with 6-9 double bond functionality is 27.0-49.8%, the acrylic monomer is 18.0-39.8%, the acrylic cross-linking agent with 2-4 functionality is 24.8-44.2%, and the photoinitiator is 0.4-1.2%.
Optionally, the core and the shell are chemically bonded; preferably, the material of the column core further comprises a second resin with hydroxyl functional groups, and the material of the shell layer comprises isocyanate; more preferably, the second resin is one or more selected from polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer, and hydroxyl terminated polyurethane, and the second resin accounts for 20% to 30% of the total mass of the material of the column core.
By using the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the quantum dot material is dispersed in the polymer material with higher glass transition temperature and thermal deformation temperature, and is used as a shell layer material to be coated on the side surface of the core of the columnar resin material to be used as the quantum dot master batch of the quantum dot optical plate, the shell layer of the quantum dot master batch is not fused in the process of manufacturing and heating the quantum dot optical plate, the thermal stability is high, the reduction of the service life of the quantum dot caused by adopting a thermal processing technology in the process of manufacturing the quantum dot master batch in the prior art is avoided, and the heat resistance and the service life of the quantum dot are greatly improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate and explain the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure, and do not constitute an undue limitation on the disclosure. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a quantum dot optical plate of embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a preparation process of a quantum dot microcolumn in embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic top view of one quantum dot microcolumn of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of 9 dots when luminance uniformity is measured using the nine-dot method.
Reference numerals:
10. quantum dot microcolumns; 20. a resin matrix; 30. a quantum dot optical plate; 40. a first extruder; 50. quantum dot glue; 60. a light curing lamp; 70. a granulator; 80. a column core; 90. a shell layer.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present disclosure are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe the embodiments of the disclosure herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may be present therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a quantum dot optical plate including a plate-shaped resin matrix and a plurality of quantum dot microcolumns in the resin matrix, each of the quantum dot microcolumns including a core of a resin and a shell layer of a polymer coated on a side surface of the core, the material of the core including a first resin, the first resin being the same as or different from the material of the resin matrix, quantum dot materials being dispersed in the shell layer, the glass transition temperature of the shell layer being 165 ℃ or higher, and the heat distortion temperature of the shell layer being 160 ℃ or higher. The schematic structural diagram of the quantum dot optical plate described above may be referred to fig. 1, but is not limited thereto.
According to the technical scheme, the quantum dot material is dispersed in the polymer material with higher glass transition temperature and thermal deformation temperature, and is used as the shell layer material to be coated on the side surface of the core of the columnar resin material to be used as the quantum dot master batch of the quantum dot optical plate, the shell layer of the quantum dot master batch is not molten in the process of manufacturing and heating the quantum dot optical plate, the thermal stability is high, the reduction of the service life of the quantum dot caused by the thermal processing technology in the process of manufacturing the quantum dot master batch in the prior art is avoided, and the heat resistance and the service life of the quantum dot are greatly improved.
The heat distortion temperature (Heat deflection temperature, abbreviated as HDT) is a temperature at which a polymer material or polymer is subjected to a certain load and is raised at a certain rate, and when the temperature reaches a predetermined deformation. The glass transition temperature (Tg) refers to the temperature at which the glass transitions to a high elastic state. The heat distortion temperature to which the present disclosure relates is measured by ASTM D648 test method (for example, a temperature at the center of a standard test piece, for example, 127X 13X 3mm, a load of 455kPa or 1820kPa is placed, and the temperature is raised at 2 ℃/min until the deformation amount is 0.25 mm). The glass transition temperature is measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).
In some embodiments, the shell has a glass transition temperature and a heat distortion temperature of 180 ℃ or greater.
In some embodiments, at least one of the core of the quantum dot microcolumn and the resin matrix further comprises one or more of a functional additive such as scattering particles, an antioxidant, a water absorbing agent, and the like.
In some embodiments, the quantum dot micropillars may be in the shape of a cylinder, an elliptic cylinder or a prism (e.g., a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, a pentagonal prism, a hexagonal prism, a heptaprismatic prism, etc. with a polygonal bottom surface). The quantum dot microcolumn is preferably a cylinder, so that the manufacturing difficulty can be reduced. In some embodiments, the quantum dot microcolumns may be cylinders, elliptic cylinders, prisms, or approximations thereof.
In some embodiments, the diameter of the post core is 50-100 μm, the length of the post core is 200-300 μm, and the diameter of the quantum dot microcolumn is 70-150 μm. In this disclosure, the diameter of a cylinder is defined as the average diameter of a circle of a cylinder cross section, the diameter of an elliptic cylinder is the longest diameter of an ellipse of an elliptic cylinder cross section, and the diameter of a prism is the maximum value of the distance between any two points on a polygon of a prism cross section.
In some embodiments, the first resin in the material of the post core is the same type of material as the resin matrix of the quantum dot optical plate; in other embodiments, the kind of the first resin is different from the kind of the material of the resin matrix of the quantum dot optical plate, but better compatibility of the first resin with the material of the resin matrix is required. Thereby avoiding extrusion layering phenomenon of the quantum dot microcolumn and the resin matrix.
The choice of a polymer material with a high crosslink density generally allows to obtain a shell layer of a polymer with a higher glass transition temperature and heat distortion temperature. In some embodiments, the material of the shell layer of the quantum dot microcolumn comprises a product cured from a photocurable composition comprising an acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6 to 9 or a polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6 to 9, an acrylate monomer, a 2 to 4 functionality acrylate cross-linker, and a photoinitiator.
Further, the photo-curing composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 27.0 to 49.8 percent of acrylate prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6 to 9 or polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6 to 9, 18.0 to 39.8 percent of acrylate monomer, 24.8 to 44.2 percent of 2-4 functional acrylate crosslinking agent and 0.4 to 1.2 percent of photoinitiator. The photo-curing composition has high crosslinking density, good barrier property after curing and is not easy to be thermally deformed.
In some embodiments, the acrylic monomer may be selected from one or more of isobornyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, dicyclopentanyl acrylate, and trimethylcyclohexyl acrylate.
In some embodiments, the 2-4 functionality acrylate crosslinker may be selected from one or more of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
In some embodiments, the material of the resin matrix and the first resin are independently selected from one or more of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer.
In some embodiments, the quantum dot optical plate contains 2000-20000 quantum dot microcolumns per gram of quantum dot optical plate. The light conversion efficiency of the quantum dot optical plate is improved.
In some embodiments, the column core and the shell layer of the quantum dot microcolumn are connected through chemical bonds, so that the shell layer is prevented from falling off from the surface of the column core due to particle friction in the mechanical stirring process of materials, and uniform mixing of the quantum dot microcolumn and a resin matrix is facilitated. In one embodiment, the material of the column core of the quantum dot microcolumn further comprises a second resin with hydroxyl functional groups, and the material of the shell layer comprises isocyanate; for example, the second resin may be selected from one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer, hydroxyl terminated polyurethane. Preferably, the second resin accounts for 20% -30% of the total mass of the material of the column core. The isocyanate may be an isocyanate monomer, prepolymer, polymer or combination thereof, and may be selected from one or more of ethyl isocyanate, butyl isocyanate, and the like, for example.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of manufacturing a quantum dot optical plate, including the steps of:
s1, preparing quantum dot glue, wherein the quantum dot glue comprises a quantum dot material and a photo-curing composition;
S2, heating and melting a resin material comprising a first resin through a first extruder, extruding and stretching to form a resin rod, coating quantum dot glue on the surface of the resin rod, and forming a shell layer on the surface of the resin rod by adopting a photo-curing quantum dot glue layer, wherein the glass transition temperature of the shell layer is more than or equal to 165 ℃ and the thermal deformation temperature is more than or equal to 160 ℃;
s3, granulating the resin rod with the shell layer coated on the surface to obtain a plurality of quantum dot microcolumns, wherein each quantum dot microcolumn comprises a column core formed by the resin rod and the shell layer coated on the column core;
s4, preparing a raw material of a resin matrix, wherein the raw material of the resin matrix is the same as or different from the type of the first resin, mixing a plurality of quantum dot microcolumns with the raw material of the resin matrix through a second extruder, setting the heating temperature of the second extruder to be a first temperature, enabling the raw material of the resin matrix to be molten in the heating process of the second extruder, enabling a shell layer not to be molten, and co-extruding to obtain the quantum dot optical plate, wherein the quantum dot optical plate comprises a platy resin matrix and a plurality of quantum dot microcolumns positioned in the resin matrix.
According to the preparation method of the quantum dot optical plate, the quantum dot material is dispersed in the polymer material with higher glass transition temperature and thermal deformation temperature, the polymer material is used as the shell layer material to be coated on the side surface of the core of the columnar resin material, the quantum dot microcolumn obtained after grain cutting is used as the quantum dot master batch of the optical plate, the shell layer of the quantum dot master batch is not fused in the process of manufacturing and heating the quantum dot optical plate, the thermal stability is high, the reduction of the service life of the quantum dot caused by adopting a thermal processing technology in the process of manufacturing the quantum dot master batch in the prior art is avoided, and the heat resistance and the service life of the quantum dot are greatly improved.
By changing the shape of the discharge port of the first extruder, resin rods with various shapes can be obtained, and correspondingly, the shape of the quantum dot micropillars can be a cylinder, an elliptic cylinder or a prism (such as a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, a pentagonal prism, a hexagonal prism, a heptagonal prism and other prisms with polygonal bottom surfaces). The quantum dot microcolumn is preferably a cylinder, so that the processing difficulty can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the first temperature in S4 is 150 to 250 ℃, or 150 to 180 ℃, or greater than or equal to 110 ℃ and less than 160 ℃. In a specific embodiment, the shell material of the quantum dot microcolumn is a high crosslinking density polymer material having a high glass transition temperature and a high heat distortion temperature (i.e., tg. Gtoreq.165 ℃ C., HDT. Gtoreq.160 ℃ C.), so that the shell does not melt at the first temperature at which the raw material of the resin matrix is melted in the second extruder. For the raw materials of different resin substrates, a temperature at which the raw materials of different resin substrates are melted in the extruder is selected as a first temperature (the temperature at which the raw materials of different types of resin substrates are melted in the extruder is different), and the maximum value of the first temperature does not exceed the decomposition temperature (for example, about 300 ℃) of the polymer material of the shell layer. In another specific embodiment, the shell material of the quantum dot microcolumn is a polymer material with a relatively low crosslinking density and relatively high glass transition temperature and high heat distortion temperature (i.e., tg is greater than or equal to 165 ℃ and HDT is greater than or equal to 160 ℃), the first temperature is selected so as to not only enable the raw material of the resin matrix to be melted in the extruder, but also enable the raw material of the resin matrix not to exceed the second temperature, and the second temperature is defined as the glass transition temperature of the shell plus 50-60 ℃, so that the raw material of the resin matrix is ensured to be melted at the first temperature, and the shell is not melted.
In some embodiments, the first temperature may be higher than the heat distortion temperature of the shell material, but since the shell does not melt at the first temperature and the processing time of the quantum dot microcolumns and the raw material of the resin matrix by the second extruder together heating is very short, the individual quantum dot microcolumns will not be severely deformed, without excluding a small number of quantum dot microcolumns from being slightly deformed.
In some embodiments, the shell has a glass transition temperature and a heat distortion temperature of 180 ℃ or greater.
In some embodiments, at least one of the raw materials of the resin rod and the resin matrix further includes one or more of a functional additive such as scattering particles, an antioxidant, a water absorbing agent, and the like.
In some embodiments, the column core and the shell layer of the quantum dot microcolumn are connected through chemical bonds, so that the shell layer is prevented from falling off from the surface of the column core due to particle friction in the mechanical stirring process of materials, and uniform mixing of the quantum dot microcolumn and a resin matrix is facilitated. In one embodiment, the quantum dot glue in S1 further includes isocyanate, the resin material of the resin rod formed in S2 further includes a second resin having a hydroxyl functional group, and the isocyanate group and the hydroxyl group of the second resin react to form a urethane bond; for example, the second resin may be selected from one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer, hydroxyl terminated polyurethane. Preferably, the second resin accounts for 20% to 30% of the total mass of the resin material forming the resin rod. The isocyanate may be an isocyanate monomer, prepolymer, polymer or combination thereof, and may be selected from one or more of ethyl isocyanate, butyl isocyanate, and the like, for example.
In some embodiments, in S2, the quantum dot glue layer coated on the surface of the resin rod has a thickness of 150 to 250 μm. The quantum dot glue can be coated on the surface of the resin rod in a manner of pouring at a certain speed, the glue flows downwards along the resin rod under the action of gravity, the flow speed of the quantum dot glue is controlled to be 2-3 times of the stretching speed of the resin rod, and a good coating effect can be achieved.
Since step S2 and step S3 are consecutive procedures, the diameter of the resin rod formed by extrusion stretching in S2 can be kept between 50 and 100 μm by controlling the speed of the pellets in S3 to be 300 to 500 r/min. In some embodiments, the quantum dot micropillars obtained by dicing are 200-300 μm in length.
In some embodiments, in S2, the light curing is performed with an energy of 1500-2000 mJ/cm 2 The time of photo-curing is 3-5 minutes.
In some embodiments, in S2, the resin material including the first resin is heated and melted at a temperature of 150 to 250 ℃ by the first extruder, and is cooled by the cooling water tank to form a resin rod after extrusion stretching.
In some embodiments, the photocurable composition includes an acrylate monomer, an acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6-9 or a polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6-9, a 2-4 functionality acrylate crosslinker, and a photoinitiator.
Further, the photo-curing composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 27.0 to 49.8 percent of acrylate prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6 to 9 or polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6 to 9, 18.0 to 39.8 percent of acrylate monomer, 24.8 to 44.2 percent of 2-4 functional acrylate crosslinking agent and 0.4 to 1.2 percent of photoinitiator. The photo-curing composition has high crosslinking density, good barrier property after curing and is not easy to be thermally deformed.
In some embodiments, the acrylic monomer may be selected from one or more of isobornyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, dicyclopentanyl acrylate, and trimethylcyclohexyl acrylate.
In some embodiments, the 2-4 functionality acrylate crosslinker may be selected from one or more of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
In some embodiments, the material of the resin matrix and the first resin are independently selected from one or more of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer.
In some embodiments, the kind of the first resin is the same as the kind of the raw material of the resin matrix of the quantum dot optical plate, and then in step S4, the raw material of the resin matrix and the core rod are melted during heating in the second extruder, respectively. Extrusion layering phenomenon of the quantum dot microcolumn and the resin matrix can be avoided.
In other embodiments, the kind of the first resin is different from the kind of the raw material of the resin matrix of the quantum dot optical plate, and in step S4, the core may or may not be melted or incompletely melted during heating in the second extruder. Preferably, the first resin has better compatibility with the raw materials of the resin matrix, and extrusion layering phenomenon of the quantum dot microcolumn and the resin matrix can be avoided.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of quantum dot material to photocurable composition is from 1:20 to 1:4.
According to still another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a light emitting device including the quantum dot optical sheet as any one of the above or the quantum dot optical sheet manufactured by the manufacturing method as any one of the above. The quantum dot optical plate has good heat resistance and long service life, so that the service life of the light-emitting device containing the quantum dot optical plate is prolonged. The light emitting device may be used in the display field or the illumination field.
According to still another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a quantum dot microcolumn including a column core of a resin and a shell layer of a polymer coated on a side surface of the column core, in which a quantum dot material is dispersed, the shell layer having a glass transition temperature of 165 ℃ or more and a thermal deformation temperature of 160 ℃ or more.
According to the quantum dot microcolumn, the quantum dot material is dispersed in the polymer material with higher glass transition temperature and thermal deformation temperature, and is used as the shell layer material to be coated on the side surface of the core of the columnar resin material, so that the quantum dot microcolumn can be used as the quantum dot master batch of the quantum dot optical plate, the shell layer of the quantum dot master batch is not fused in the process of manufacturing and heating the quantum dot optical plate, the thermal stability is high, the reduction of the service life of the quantum dot caused by adopting a thermal processing technology in the process of manufacturing the quantum dot master batch in the prior art is avoided, and the heat resistance and the service life of the quantum dot are greatly improved.
In some embodiments, the quantum dot micropillars may be in the shape of a cylinder, an elliptic cylinder or a prism (e.g., a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, a pentagonal prism, a hexagonal prism, a heptaprismatic prism, etc. with a polygonal bottom surface). The quantum dot microcolumn is preferably a cylinder, so that the manufacturing difficulty can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the core further comprises one or more of a scattering particle, an antioxidant, a water absorbing agent, and the like.
In some embodiments, the shell has a glass transition temperature and a heat distortion temperature of 180 ℃ or greater.
In some embodiments, the diameter of the core is 50-100 μm.
In some embodiments, the quantum dot microcolumns have a diameter of 70 to 150 μm and a length of 200 to 300 μm.
In some embodiments, the material of the shell layer comprises a product cured from a photocurable composition comprising an acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6 to 9 or a polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6 to 9, an acrylate monomer, a 2 to 4 functionality acrylate crosslinker, and a photoinitiator.
Further, the photo-curing composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 27.0 to 49.8 percent of acrylate prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6 to 9 or polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer with double bond functionality of 6 to 9, 18.0 to 39.8 percent of acrylate monomer, 24.8 to 44.2 percent of 2-4 functional acrylate crosslinking agent and 0.4 to 1.2 percent of photoinitiator. The photo-curing composition has high crosslinking density, good barrier property after curing and is not easy to be thermally deformed.
In some embodiments, the acrylic monomer may be selected from one or more of isobornyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, dicyclopentanyl acrylate, and trimethylcyclohexyl acrylate.
In some embodiments, the 2-4 functionality acrylate crosslinker may be selected from one or more of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
The material of the post core comprises a first resin, which in some embodiments may be selected from one or more of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer.
In some embodiments, the column core and the shell layer of the quantum dot microcolumn are connected through chemical bonds, so that the shell layer is prevented from falling off from the surface of the column core due to particle friction in the mechanical stirring process of materials, and uniform mixing of the quantum dot microcolumn and a resin matrix is facilitated. In one embodiment, the material of the column core of the quantum dot microcolumn further comprises a second resin with hydroxyl functional groups, and the material of the shell layer comprises isocyanate; for example, the second resin may be selected from one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer, hydroxyl terminated polyurethane. Preferably, the second resin accounts for 20% -30% of the total mass of the material of the column core. The isocyanate may be an isocyanate monomer, prepolymer, polymer or combination thereof, and may be selected from one or more of ethyl isocyanate, butyl isocyanate, and the like, for example.
Effects of the technical scheme of the present disclosure will be further explained below with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
Step one: polystyrene is selected as matrix material of resin matrix, and is mixed with TiO 2 And uniformly mixing the auxiliary agents such as the diffusion particles and the like to obtain the raw material of the resin matrix.
Step two: preparing quantum dot UV glue: precipitating cadmium selenide quantum dots by using methanol and ethyl acetate, drying by nitrogen, dissolving 2 parts by mass of isobornyl acrylate to obtain cadmium selenide quantum dot solution, then mixing with 4 parts by mass of 9-functional polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer (PUA-9), 4 parts by mass of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate and/or dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate and 0.05 part by mass of photoinitiator, and uniformly stirring to obtain quantum dot UV glue.
Step three: plasticizing extrusion stretching: plasticizing polystyrene particles in a single screw extruder at 190 ℃, drawing the polystyrene particles into 50 mu m thin lines after passing through an extruder die head, adjusting the granulating speed to 300r/min, and cooling the polystyrene particles in a cooling water tank to form resin rods.
Step four: and (3) UV glue coating: and uniformly coating the prepared quantum dot UV glue on a resin rod, wherein the glue flow rate is 4g/s, so that the coating thickness is kept between 200 and 250 mu m.
Step five: and (3) photo-curing and granulating: after coating, 1800mJ/cm is adopted 2 The LED UV lamp is cured, the dicing speed is controlled to ensure that the curing time can reach 3-5 minutes, and after curing, the quantum dot microcolumns with the particle size of 250 mu m are cut under the proper rotational speed of a dicing cutter. The glass transition temperature of the polymer shell layer of the quantum dot microcolumn is 180 ℃ and the thermal deformation temperature is 165 ℃.
Step six: setting the melt processing temperature of an extruder at 170 ℃, and co-extruding the prepared quantum dot microcolumns and the raw materials of the resin matrix through the extruder to obtain the quantum dot diffusion plate containing the quantum dot microcolumns, wherein the thickness of the quantum dot diffusion plate is 1.5mm.
Example 2
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
step one: replacing polystyrene with polymethyl methacrylate;
step two: the formula of the quantum dot UV glue is changed into that 3 parts by mass of trimethylcyclohexyl acrylic ester is used for dissolving, then the solution is mixed with 3 parts by mass of 6-functional acrylic ester prepolymer, 4 parts by mass of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylic ester and 0.05 part by mass of photoinitiator, and the mixture is stirred uniformly to obtain the quantum dot UV glue;
step three: replacing polystyrene with polymethyl methacrylate;
step five: the glass transition temperature of the polymer shell layer of the obtained quantum dot microcolumn is 170 ℃, and the thermal deformation temperature is 160 ℃.
The other steps were the same as in example 1, and the kinds and amounts of additives used were the same as in example 1.
Example 3
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:
step two: adding 2 parts by mass of ethyl isocyanate and acrylic acid ester into the quantum dot UV glue in the step two of the embodiment 1;
step three: the polystyrene particles of step three of example 1 were replaced with: polystyrene particles and a vinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer mixture, wherein the vinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer comprises 25% of the total mass of the mixture.
Step five: the glass transition temperature of the polymer shell layer of the obtained quantum dot microcolumn is 165 ℃, and the thermal deformation temperature is 160 ℃.
The other steps were the same as in example 1, and the kinds and amounts of additives used were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
Heating and melting the cadmium selenide quantum dot solution of the embodiment 1 and polystyrene at 180 ℃ through an extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain quantum dot master batches; and then heating and melting the quantum dot master batch and the raw material of the resin matrix in the step one of the embodiment 1 by using an extruder at 170 ℃, extruding and cooling, and forming by using a pressing plate to obtain the common quantum dot diffusion plate with the thickness of 1.5 mm. The types and amounts of additives used therein were also the same as those of example 1.
TABLE 1
The chromaticity coordinates of the diffusion plates of the examples and the comparative examples are adjusted to be relatively close (the difference is not more than 0.001) initially, so that the examples and the test samples of the comparative examples are guaranteed to be in the same standard, the stability is evaluated as the color shift amount and the brightness attenuation rate, and if the initial color drift of each test sample is too different, such as initial values (0.3100,0.3200) and (0.2800,0.2900), the color drift of the former is larger than the latter under the same stability condition, and the judgment of the result is affected.
The same size test samples were taken and the quantum dot diffusion plate test samples of each example and comparative example were light aged for 100 hours at a test temperature of 60 c and a relative humidity of 90%. The chromaticity coordinate X offset and chromaticity coordinate Y offset refer to the difference in chromaticity coordinate X and the difference in chromaticity coordinate Y of the quantum dot diffusion plate before and after the aging test. The luminance decay rate is the ratio of the luminance of the quantum dot diffusion plate before the aging test to the luminance of the quantum dot diffusion plate after the aging test. The smaller the chromaticity coordinate X offset, chromaticity coordinate Y offset, and luminance decay rate, the better the aging stability is indicated. The test results are recorded in table 1.
The luminance values of the quantum dot diffusion plate samples (samples of the same size were taken) of each of the examples and comparative examples were tested by a nine-dot method (test point selection is shown in fig. 4) using a luminance meter and are recorded in table 2. The larger the variance of the luminance values of the nine points, the more uneven the luminance of the sample to be measured.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the data of table 1, the diffusion plates of the quantum dot micropillars of the respective examples are significantly improved in terms of both the color drift (i.e., chromaticity coordinate shift) and the luminance decay rate, compared with comparative example 1, indicating that the quantum dot lifetime is increased in the quantum dot diffusion plates of the examples. As can be seen from table 2, in the diffusion plate of example 3, chemical bonds can be formed between the shell layers and the column cores of the quantum dot microcolumns, so that the shell layers are not easily detached from the column core surfaces during the processing, and thus each quantum dot microcolumn is more uniformly mixed with the resin matrix, and thus the luminance uniformity of the quantum dot diffusion plate of example 3 is significantly improved. However, the quantum dot diffusion plate of example 3 has slightly lower enhancement effect in terms of color drift and luminance decay rate than that of example 1 due to the lower glass transition temperature of the quantum dot microcolumn shell layer than that of example 1.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, so that various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (21)

1. The quantum dot optical plate is characterized by comprising a platy resin matrix and a plurality of quantum dot microcolumns positioned in the resin matrix, wherein each quantum dot microcolumn comprises a column core of resin and a shell layer of polymer coated on the side surface of the column core, the material of the column core comprises first resin, the types of the first resin and the material of the resin matrix are the same or different, quantum dot materials are dispersed in the shell layer, the glass transition temperature of the shell layer is more than or equal to 165 ℃, and the thermal deformation temperature of the shell layer is more than or equal to 160 ℃.
2. The quantum dot optical plate according to claim 1, wherein the material of the shell layer comprises a product cured from a photo-curing composition comprising an acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6 to 9 or a polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6 to 9, an acrylate monomer, an acrylate crosslinking agent having a functionality of 2 to 4, and a photoinitiator.
3. The quantum dot optical plate according to claim 2, wherein the photo-curable composition comprises the following components in mass percent: the acrylate prepolymer with the double bond functionality of 6-9 or the polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer with the double bond functionality of 6-9 is 27.0-49.8%, the acrylate monomer is 18.0-39.8%, the 2-4 functionality acrylate cross-linking agent is 24.8-44.2%, and the photoinitiator is 0.4-1.2%.
4. The quantum dot optical plate according to claim 2, wherein the acrylate monomer is selected from one or more of isobornyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, dicyclopentanyl acrylate and trimethylcyclohexyl acrylate.
5. The quantum dot optical plate according to claim 2, wherein the 2-4 functionality acrylic cross-linking agent is selected from one or more of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
6. The quantum dot optical plate according to claim 1, wherein the material of the resin matrix and the first resin are independently selected from one or more of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer.
7. The quantum dot optical sheet of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the core and the shell are chemically bonded.
8. The quantum dot optical plate of claim 7, wherein the material of the column core further comprises a second resin with hydroxyl functional groups, and the material of the shell layer comprises isocyanate; preferably, the second resin is selected from one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer and hydroxyl terminated polyurethane, and the second resin accounts for 20% -30% of the total mass of the material of the column core.
9. The quantum dot optical plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the diameter of the columnar core is 50 to 100 μm; preferably, the diameter of the quantum dot microcolumn is 70-150 mu m, and the length is 200-300 mu m.
10. The quantum dot optical plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each gram of the quantum dot optical plate contains 2000 to 20000 quantum dot microcolumns.
11. The preparation method of the quantum dot optical plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing quantum dot glue, wherein the quantum dot glue comprises a quantum dot material and a photo-curing composition;
s2, heating and melting a resin material comprising a first resin through a first extruder, extruding and stretching to form a resin rod, coating the quantum dot glue on the surface of the resin rod, and forming a shell layer on the surface of the resin rod by adopting a photo-curing quantum dot glue layer, wherein the glass transition temperature of the shell layer is more than or equal to 165 ℃ and the thermal deformation temperature is more than or equal to 160 ℃;
s3, granulating the resin rod with the shell layer coated on the surface to obtain a plurality of quantum dot microcolumns, wherein each quantum dot microcolumn comprises a column core formed by the resin rod and the shell layer coated on the column core;
S4, preparing raw materials of a resin matrix, wherein the raw materials of the resin matrix are the same as or different from the types of the first resin, mixing the plurality of quantum dot microcolumns with the raw materials of the resin matrix through a second extruder, setting the heating temperature of the second extruder to be a first temperature, enabling the raw materials of the resin matrix to be melted in the heating process of the second extruder, enabling a shell layer not to be melted, and obtaining the quantum dot optical plate after coextrusion, wherein the quantum dot optical plate comprises a platy resin matrix and a plurality of quantum dot microcolumns positioned in the resin matrix.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the photocurable composition comprises an acrylate monomer, an acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6 to 9 or a polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6 to 9, a 2 to 4 functionality acrylate crosslinker, and a photoinitiator.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the photocurable composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the acrylate prepolymer with the double bond functionality of 6-9 or the polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer with the double bond functionality of 6-9 is 27.0-49.8%, the acrylate monomer is 18.0-39.8%, the 2-4 functionality acrylate cross-linking agent is 24.8-44.2%, and the photoinitiator is 0.4-1.2%.
14. The preparation method according to claim 12, wherein the acrylic monomer is one or more selected from isobornyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, dicyclopentanyl acrylate and trimethylcyclohexyl acrylate; the 2-4 functionality acrylic ester cross-linking agent is selected from one or more of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
15. The method of claim 11, wherein the mass ratio of the quantum dot material to the photocurable composition is 1:20 to 1:4.
16. The method of any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the quantum dot glue in S1 further comprises isocyanate, and the resin material forming the resin rod in S2 further comprises a second resin having hydroxyl functional groups; preferably, the second resin is selected from one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer, hydroxyl terminated polyurethane, and the second resin accounts for 20% to 30% of the total mass of the resin material forming the resin rod.
17. A light-emitting device comprising the quantum dot optical sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or the quantum dot optical sheet produced by the production method according to any one of claims 11 to 16.
18. The quantum dot microcolumn is characterized by comprising a column core of resin and a shell layer of polymer coated on the side surface of the column core, wherein quantum dot materials are dispersed in the shell layer, and the glass transition temperature of the shell layer is more than or equal to 165 ℃ and the thermal deformation temperature of the shell layer is more than or equal to 160 ℃.
19. The quantum dot microcolumn according to claim 18, wherein the diameter of the column core is 50 to 100 μm; preferably, the diameter of the quantum dot microcolumn is 70-150 mu m, and the length is 200-300 mu m.
20. The quantum dot microcolumn according to claim 18, wherein the material of the shell layer comprises a product cured from a photocurable composition comprising an acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6 to 9 or a polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer having a double bond functionality of 6 to 9, an acrylate monomer, a 2 to 4 functionality acrylate cross-linker and a photoinitiator; preferably, the photocurable composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the acrylate prepolymer with the double bond functionality of 6-9 or the polyurethane modified acrylate prepolymer with the double bond functionality of 6-9 is 27.0-49.8%, the acrylate monomer is 18.0-39.8%, the 2-4 functionality acrylate cross-linking agent is 24.8-44.2%, and the photoinitiator is 0.4-1.2%.
21. The quantum dot microcolumn of any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the core and the shell layer are connected by a chemical bond; preferably, the material of the column core further comprises a second resin with hydroxyl functional groups, and the material of the shell layer comprises isocyanate; more preferably, the second resin is selected from one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol-ethylene copolymer and hydroxyl terminated polyurethane, and the second resin accounts for 20% -30% of the total mass of the material of the column core.
CN202210340784.7A 2022-04-02 2022-04-02 Quantum dot optical plate, preparation method thereof, quantum dot microcolumn and light-emitting device Pending CN116925739A (en)

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