CN102597861B - Liquid crystal display device, and set of optical members for liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display device, and set of optical members for liquid crystal display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102597861B
CN102597861B CN201080046604.XA CN201080046604A CN102597861B CN 102597861 B CN102597861 B CN 102597861B CN 201080046604 A CN201080046604 A CN 201080046604A CN 102597861 B CN102597861 B CN 102597861B
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liquid crystal
film
light source
backlight
resin
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CN102597861A (en
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香川佳美
李亚丽
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
    • G02B5/305—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks including organic materials, e.g. polymeric layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/281—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for attenuating light intensity, e.g. comprising rotatable polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133502—Antiglare, refractive index matching layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device which comprises a backlight (20) and a liquid crystal panel (80) that is arranged on the backlight. The liquid crystal panel comprises a liquid crystal cell (50) and polarizing plates (60, 70) that are bonded to both surfaces of the liquid crystal cell. The light incident-side polarizing plate (60) that is arranged on the backlight side of the liquid crystal cell comprises a polarizing film (31) that is formed of a polyvinyl alcohol resin and an optically anisotropic light source-side protective film (32) that is arranged on the backlight-side surface of the polarizing film. The backlight comprises a surface light source (10) and an optically anisotropic optical sheet member (12) that is arranged at a position closest to the liquid crystal panel. The light source-side protective film and the optical sheet member are arranged so that the angle between the slow axis of the light source-side protective film and the slow axis of the optical sheet member is not more than 60 DEG. The liquid crystal display device has less color unevenness and excellent visibility, and can be formed thin while exhibiting excellent cost performance.

Description

Liquid crystal indicator and liquid crystal display optical component combination
Technical field
The present invention relates to and possess the liquid crystal indicator of backlight and the optics combination of liquid crystal indicator.
Background technology
In recent years, consume electric energy low, work at lower voltages, lightweight and slim liquid crystal indicator popularize rapidly as information display devices such as portable phone, portable information terminal, computing machine monitor and TVs.And then, along with the development of liquid crystal technology, propose the liquid crystal indicator of various pattern, progressively solve the problem of the liquid crystal indicators such as answer speed in the past, contrast and field angle.
On the other hand, the further slim lightweight according to the liquid crystal indicator in market is strongly required, and forms the liquid crystal panel of liquid crystal indicator, diffuser plate, backlight unit and drive IC etc. just in slimming or miniaturization.In such a case, the polarization plates as the parts forming liquid crystal panel also requires to carry out slimming with the unit of 10 μm.
Meanwhile, popularizing along with liquid crystal indicator, the cost from market lowers the requirement and also day by day strengthens, and polarization plates also must reduce costs, improve productivity.
In order to meet these requirements, propose various scheme so far.Such as; polarization plates has the formation being provided with transparent protective film on the one or both sides of polarizing coating usually; as this transparent protective film; usual use triacetyl cellulose; but as shown in JPH08-43812-A, extensively attempt by making this diaphragm have phase differential and giving optical compensation function thus seek the minimizing of component parts and the simplification of production process.By being set as such formation, the slim lightweight of composite polarizing plate of the sandwich as polarization plates and polarizer can be made, and then, by reducing the component parts quantity of liquid crystal indicator, can production process be simplified, improve yield rate, thus reduce costs.
And then, also actively carry out the trial with other resin substitution diaphragm beyond triacetyl cellulose.Such as, in JPH07-77608-A, disclose a kind of annular ethylene series resin that uses to replace the method for triacetyl cellulose.But costly, therefore present situation is annular ethylene series resin: for the phase retardation film that surcharge is higher, when being only used as diaphragm from the viewpoint of reduction cost, there is uneven such problem.
As the technology meeting above-mentioned requirements, such as, propose the method using polyethylene terephthalate film as diaphragm.The mechanical strength of polyethylene terephthalate, is suitable for filming, can realize the slimming of polarization plates.And then, compared with triacetyl cellulose or annular ethylene series resin, from the viewpoint of cost, usually there is superiority.In addition, compared with triacetyl cellulose, have low-moisture permeability and the features such as low water absorbable, therefore humidity resistance, cold-hot impact are also excellent, can also expect also have high-durability to environmental change.
But on the other hand, the usual optical anisotropy of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film being suitable for diaphragm is large, shows high length of delay.Using have employed such have optically anisotropic film be arranged in liquid crystal indicator as the polarization plates of diaphragm time; with using tri acetyl cellulose membrane compared with the common polarization plates of diaphragm; the irregular colour (inequality, rainbow are uneven also referred to as interfering) existed from tilted direction is obvious, the problem that identification difference is such.About this problem; such as in JP2009-109993-A, disclose following method: by combination using polyethylene terephthalate film as the polarization plates of diaphragm with impart the polarization plates of antiglare layer controlling haze value and form liquid crystal indicator, thus reduce irregular colour.But even if use the minimizing of the method irregular colour also not necessarily fully talkative, and the physics value of diaphragm itself is restricted, thus causes the restriction of production aspect, therefore expect the easier and effective method of establishment.
Therefore; the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of liquid crystal indicator; it comprises backlight and is configured in the liquid crystal indicator of the liquid crystal panel on backlight; even if when having installed when having optically anisotropic film as the light incident side polarization plates of light source side diaphragm, irregular colour is few, identification is excellent and it is also excellent to achieve slimming, cost performance.
In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of optics combination being suitable for above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator.
The present inventor, in order to solve above-mentioned irregular colour problem, conducts in-depth research always.It found that; possessing backlight and be configured in the liquid crystal indicator of the liquid crystal panel on backlight; when being provided with to have polarization plates that optically anisotropic film is light source side diaphragm as light incident side polarization plates; be set as less than 60 ° by the angle (axle deviation angle) slow axis and the above-mentioned slow axis with optically anisotropic optical sheet parts with optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm formed, effectively can reduce the irregular colour of liquid crystal indicator.By using the method, can when not increasing new parts with easy method realize high identification and slimming, cost degradation and deposit.It should be noted that; in the present invention; there is the angle (axle deviation angle) that the slow axis of optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm and the above-mentioned slow axis with optically anisotropic optical sheet parts formed refer to, the angle below angle less than normal, namely 90 °.
Summary of the invention
That is, the present invention includes following content.
[1] liquid crystal indicator, it possesses backlight and is configured in the liquid crystal panel on this backlight,
This liquid crystal panel comprises liquid crystal cells and is fitted in the polarization plates on two sides of this liquid crystal cells,
In described polarization plates, what the light incident side polarization plates being configured in the backlight side of liquid crystal cells had the polarizing coating comprising polyvinyl alcohol resin and the backlight side being layered in this polarizing coating has optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm,
Described backlight comprises the area source of full run-down type or side light type and is configured in from the nearest position of described liquid crystal panel has optically anisotropic optical sheet parts,
The angle formed according to the slow axis of described light source side diaphragm and the slow axis of described optical sheet parts is the mode of less than 60 degree, configures described light source side diaphragm and described optical sheet parts.
[2] liquid crystal indicator Gen Ju [1], wherein, in the face of described light source side diaphragm, phase difference value is more than 200nm.In this situation, remarkable result of the present invention can be obtained.
[3] according to [1] or the liquid crystal indicator described in [2], wherein, described light source side diaphragm is stretching polyethylene terephthalate film.The program is preferred.
[4] according to the liquid crystal indicator according to any one of [1] ~ [3], wherein, described optical sheet parts are selected from the group be made up of diffusion barrier, lenticule film and lens.The program is preferred.
[5] according to liquid crystal indicator according to any one of [1] ~ [4], wherein, the refractive index of the slow-axis direction in face is set as n x, orthogonal with slow axis in face direction refractive index be set as n y, thickness direction refractive index be set as n ztime, (the n of described light source side diaphragm x-n z)/(n x-n y) shown in Nz coefficient be more than 4 or be less than 2.The program is preferred.
[6] according to the liquid crystal indicator according to any one of [1] ~ [5], wherein, in the face of described optical sheet parts, phase difference value is more than 1000nm.The program is preferred.
[7] a kind of optics combination, it is for possessing in the liquid crystal indicator of liquid crystal cells and backlight, it comprises: for being configured in the light incident side polarization plates of the described backlight side of described liquid crystal cells and having optically anisotropic optical sheet parts on the position nearest from described liquid crystal cells being configured in described backlight
What described light incident side polarization plates had the polarizing coating comprising polyvinyl alcohol resin and an one side being layered in described polarizing coating has optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm; when for liquid crystal indicator; this light incident side polarization plates configures according to the mode of this light source side diaphragm in described backlight side; further, the angle formed according to the slow axis of described light source side diaphragm and the slow axis of described optical sheet parts is that the mode of less than 60 ° configures described light source side diaphragm and described optical sheet parts.
[8] optics combination Gen Ju [7], wherein, in the face of described light source side diaphragm, phase difference value is more than 200nm.When the program, remarkable result of the present invention can be obtained.
[9] according to [7] or the optics combination described in [8], wherein, described light source side diaphragm is stretching polyethylene terephthalate film.The program is preferred.
[10] according to the optics combination according to any one of [7] ~ [9], wherein, described optical sheet parts are selected from the group be made up of diffusion barrier, lenticule film and lens.The program is preferred.
[11] according to optics combination according to any one of [7] ~ [10], wherein, the refractive index of the slow-axis direction in face is set as n x, orthogonal with slow axis in face direction refractive index be set as n y, thickness direction refractive index be set as n ztime, (the n of described light source side diaphragm x-n z)/(n x-n y) shown in Nz coefficient be more than 4 or be less than 2.The program is preferred.
[12] according to the optics combination according to any one of [7] ~ [11], wherein, in the face of described optical sheet parts, phase difference value is more than 1000nm.The program is preferred.
According to the present invention; can by by the slow axis of the light source side diaphragm relative to light incident side polarization plates, the deviation angle of the slow axis of the optical sheet parts of the most surface of the liquid crystal panel side that is configured in backlight is set as less than 60 °, the liquid crystal indicator that when providing display, irregular colour is few, identification is excellent.In addition, according to the present invention, the optics combination being suitable for above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator can also be provided.
Accompanying drawing simple declaration
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-section of the example that the layer showing liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is formed.
Embodiment
< liquid crystal indicator >
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-section of the example that the layer showing liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is formed, and is the figure that display possesses the transmission type liquid crystal display device of the backlight of full run-down type or side light type.
Liquid crystal indicator shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention is made up of backlight 20 and the liquid crystal panel 80 be configured on backlight 20.
Liquid crystal panel 80 is made up of the light emitting side polarization plates 40 of liquid crystal cells 50, the light incident side polarization plates 30 being layered in the one side of liquid crystal cells 50 across adhesive phase 34 and the another side that is layered in liquid crystal cells 50 across adhesive phase 44.Liquid crystal panel 80 usually by forming adhesive phase 34,44 respectively in the one side of polarization plates 30,40, be made as the light incident side polarization plates 60 of band adhesive phase and the light emitting side polarization plates 70 of band adhesive phase, they conformed to liquid crystal cells 50 with its adhesive phase side and makes.
Light incident side polarization plates 30 configures light source side diaphragm 32 in the one side (becoming the face of backlight side) of polarizing coating 31, formed at another side (liquid crystal cell side) configuration " cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films " 33.Adhesive phase 34 is layered on the cell side diaphragm of light incident side polarization plates 30 or the surface of optical compensation films 33 side.
The formation of light incident side polarization plates 30 as shown in Figure 1 considers it is favourable from the slim light-weighted viewpoint of polarization plates, in addition, owing to can reduce the component parts quantity of liquid crystal indicator, therefore brings the simplification of production process and the raising of yield rate.
Light emitting side polarization plates 40 be polarizing coating 41 one side (with the face of liquid crystal cells opposition side) configuration protection film 42, configure " cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films " 43 at another side (liquid crystal cell side) and formed.Adhesive phase 44 is layered on the cell side diaphragm of light emitting side polarization plates 40 or the surface of optical compensation films 43 side.
In addition, in the example depicted in figure 1, backlight 20 possess area source 10, be configured in the rear side of area source 10 reflecting plate 11 of (and liquid crystal panel 80 opposition side) and the optical sheet parts 12 (such as diffusion barrier or micro-lens sheet etc.) that are configured between area source 10 and liquid crystal panel 80.
In liquid crystal indicator of the present invention; such as in the liquid crystal indicator with the formation of layer as shown in Figure 1; according to be configured in light incident side polarization plates 30 polarizing coating 31 backlight 20 side the slow axis with optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm 32 and in backlight 20, be configured in the mode that the angle (axle deviation angle) formed from the slow axis with optically anisotropic optical sheet parts 12 on the nearest position of liquid crystal panel is less than 60 °, configuration light source side diaphragm 32 and optical sheet parts 12.This axle deviation angle is preferably less than 45 °.When axle deviation angle is 0 °, prevent the effect of irregular colour from becoming the highest, but in reality manufactures, the axle deviation angle do not damaged in the scope preventing the effect of irregular colour is allowed.
In addition, from the viewpoint of the production of common liquid crystal indicator, preferably, the above-mentioned light incident side polarization plates and the above-mentioned optical sheet parts that form above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator are respectively rectangular shape, the angle that deviates for the deviation angle of the slow axis of the light source side diaphragm of the above-mentioned light incident side polarization plates on rectangular long limit and the slow axis of above-mentioned optical sheet parts is set within 45 ° respectively, or be set in respectively within 45 ° relative to the deviation angle of the deviation angle of the slow axis of the light source side diaphragm of the above-mentioned light incident side polarization plates of rectangular minor face and the slow axis of above-mentioned optical sheet parts.Certainly, even if in these cases, the mode that can be also less than 60 ° according to the slow axis of the slow axis of the light source side diaphragm relative to light incident side polarization plates, optical sheet parts configures.
Below, liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is described in detail.
< light incident side polarization plates >
Light incident side polarization plates used in the present invention possess comprise polyvinyl alcohol resin formed polarizing coating and be configured in this polarizing coating one side (becoming the face of backlight side in liquid crystal indicator) there is optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm.
In addition, light incident side polarization plates used in the present invention can also possess cell side diaphragm or the optical compensation films of the liquid crystal cell side (with the face of opposition side, face being configured with above-mentioned light source side diaphragm) being configured in polarizing coating.
Wherein, in the present invention, be preferably only in the form of one side (backlight side) light source side of the fitting diaphragm of polarizing coating, optical compensation films of directly fitting at the another side of polarizing coating.Consider it is favourable from the slim light-weighted viewpoint of polarization plates, and the component parts quantity of liquid crystal indicator can be reduced, therefore bring the simplification of production process and the raising of yield rate.
In addition, also can be fit on both sides of the polarizing film diaphragm (light source side diaphragm and liquid crystal cell side diaphragm), on liquid crystal cell side diaphragm, be laminated with the formation of optical compensation films further.Now, the liquid crystal cell side diaphragm being layered in the liquid crystal cell side (optical compensation films side) of polarizing coating adopts the film that optical anisotropy is little usually.
(polarizing coating)
Polarizing coating used in the present invention such as utilizes known method to be manufactured by following operation: the operation of polyvinyl alcohol resin film being carried out uniaxial tension; By being dyeed by polyvinyl alcohol resin film with dichromatism pigment, it is made to adsorb the operation of dichromatism pigment; By the operation that boric acid aqueous solution processes the polyvinyl alcohol resin film being adsorbed with dichromatism pigment; And after processing with boric acid aqueous solution, carry out the operation of washing.
As polyvinyl alcohol resin, the resin resin saponification of polyvinyl acetate (PVA) system obtained can be used.As polyvinyl acetate (PVA) system resin, except the homopolymer of vinyl acetate and polyvinyl acetate (PVA), can also enumerate vinyl acetate and can with the multipolymer etc. of other monomer of its copolymerization.Such as, as with other vinyl acetate copolymerized monomer, can enumerating unsaturated carboxylic acid class, olefines, vinyl ethers, unsaturated sulfonic acid class and there is the acrylic amide etc. of ammonium.
The saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol resin is generally about 85 ~ 100 % by mole, is preferably more than 98 % by mole.This polyvinyl alcohol resin can be modified, and such as, also can use with the polyvinyl formal of aldehydes modification and polyvinyl acetal etc.In addition, the degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol resin is generally 1,000 ~ 10, about 000, is preferably 1,500 ~ 5, about 000.
The film such polyvinyl alcohol resin masking obtained can be used as the raw material film of polarizing coating.The method of polyvinyl alcohol resin masking is not particularly limited, can be filmed by known method.The thickness of polyethenol series raw material film is not particularly limited, but is such as 10 μm ~ about 150 μm.
The uniaxial tension of polyvinyl alcohol resin film can carry out before the dyeing of dichromatism pigment, also can carry out with dyeing simultaneously, or carry out after dyeing.When carrying out uniaxial tension after dyeing, this uniaxial tension can carry out before boric acid process or in boric acid processing procedure.In addition, also uniaxial tension can be carried out in these multiple stages.
When carrying out uniaxial tension, uniaxial tension can be carried out between the roller that peripheral speed is different, hot-rolling also can be used to carry out uniaxial tension.In addition, uniaxial tension can be the dry type stretching carried out in an atmosphere, also can be that the wet type of carrying out stretching under using solvent, making the swelling state of polyvinyl alcohol resin film stretches.Stretching ratio is generally about 3 ~ 8 times.
As method polyvinyl alcohol resin film dyeed with dichromatism pigment, such as, can adopt the method for polyvinyl alcohol resin film immersion in the aqueous solution containing dichromatism pigment.As dichromatism pigment, specifically iodine or dichroic dye can be used.In addition, polyvinyl alcohol resin film preferably first implemented dip treating before dyeing process.
When using iodine as dichromatism pigment, usually can adopt in the aqueous solution containing iodine and potassium iodide, dipping polyvinyl alcohol resin film carries out the method dyeed.Content of iodine in this aqueous solution usually every 100 weight parts waters is about 0.01 ~ 1 weight portion.In addition, the content of potassium iodide usually every 100 weight parts waters be about 0.5 ~ 20 weight portion.The temperature of the aqueous solution used in dyeing is generally about 20 ~ 40 DEG C.
In addition, the dip time (dyeing time) in this aqueous solution is generally 20 ~ 1, about 800 seconds.
On the other hand, when using dichroic dye as dichromatism pigment, usually, the method for being carried out by polyvinyl alcohol resin film immersion dyeing in the aqueous solution containing water-soluble dichroic dye can be adopted.The content of the dichroic dye in this aqueous solution usually every 100 weight parts waters is 1 × 10 -4about ~ 10 weight portions, be preferably 1 × 10 -3about ~ 1 weight portion.This aqueous solution can containing inorganic salts such as sodium sulphate as dyeing assistant.The temperature of the dichroic dye aqueous solution used in dyeing is generally about 20 ~ 80 DEG C.In addition, the dip time (dyeing time) in this aqueous solution is generally 10 ~ 1, about 800 seconds.
Boric acid process after utilizing dichromatism pigment to dye usually can by carrying out the polyvinyl alcohol resin film immersion after dyeing in containing boron aqueous acid.
Amount containing the boric acid in boron aqueous acid usually every 100 weight parts waters is about 2 ~ 15 weight portions, is preferably 5 ~ 12 weight portions.When using iodine as dichromatism pigment, should containing boron aqueous acid boric acid preferably containing potassium iodide.Amount containing the potassium iodide in boron aqueous acid usually every 100 weight parts waters is about 0.1 ~ 15 weight portion, about being preferably 5 ~ 12 weight portions.Be generally 60 ~ 1 containing the dip time in boron aqueous acid, about 200 seconds, be preferably about 150 ~ 600 seconds, be more preferably about 200 ~ 400 seconds.Temperature containing boron aqueous acid is generally more than 50 DEG C, is preferably 50 ~ 85 DEG C, is more preferably 60 ~ 80 DEG C.
Polyvinyl alcohol resin film after boric acid process carries out washing process usually.Washing processing example is as can by carrying out borated polyvinyl alcohol resin film immersion in water.The temperature of water during washing process is generally about 5 ~ 40 DEG C.In addition, dip time is generally about 1 ~ 120 second.
Implement dry process after washing, obtain polarizing coating.Dry process can use air drier or far infra-red heater to carry out.The temperature of dry process is generally about 30 ~ 100 DEG C, is preferably 50 ~ 80 DEG C.The dry processing time is generally about 60 ~ 600 seconds, is preferably 120 ~ 600 seconds.
Processed by drying, the moisture rate of polarizing coating can be reduced to the degree of practical application.This moisture rate is generally 5 ~ 20 % by weight, is preferably 8 ~ 15 % by weight.If moisture rate is lower than 5 % by weight, then polarizing coating is lost flexible, there is the situation that polarizing coating damages afterwards in above-mentioned drying or breaks.In addition, if moisture rate is higher than 20 % by weight, then there is the situation of the poor heat stability of polarizing coating.
The thickness of the polarizing coating obtained like this can be about 5 ~ 40 μm usually.
(there is optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm)
For be layered in polarizing coating one side there is optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm, transparent various resin moldings can be used.As the transparent resin material forming transparent resin film, such as, can enumerate the acetate fiber such as diacetyl cellulose, triacetyl cellulose prime system resin; The annular ethylene series resin such as norbornene resin and other polyolefin resin; And acrylic resin etc.Wherein, consider from cost aspect or advantage that easily filming is such, preferably use pet resin.
Of the present inventionly prevent the effect of irregular colour when light source side diaphragm has high optical anisotropy, become remarkable when particularly phase difference value is more than 200nm in face.Such as, even if when use has high optically anisotropic stretching polyethylene terephthalate film, also significant effect can be obtained.
Stretching polyethylene terephthalate film is the monadic stretching membrane of more than one deck, and more than one PET series resin is filmed by melt extruding by it, carry out cross directional stretch again forms; Or biaxially-stretched film more than one deck, its by proceeding longitudinal stretching after masking, then carry out cross directional stretch and form.The anisotropy that polyethylene terephthalate can control arbitrarily refractive index by stretching and the various optics physics values (in slow axis, face phase difference value, Nz value etc.) determined by them.
PET series resin refers to, more than the 80 % by mole resins be made up of ethylene glycol terephthalate of repetitive, can containing other dicarboxylic acid component and diol component.Dicarboxylic acid component as other is not particularly limited, but such as can enumerate m-phthalic acid, p-β-oxygen base oxethyl benzoic acid, 4,4 '-dicarboxylate biphenyl, 4,4 '-benzophenonedicarboxylic acid, two (4-carboxyl phenyl) ethane, hexane diacid, SA and Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dicarboxyl cyclohexane etc.
Diol component as other is not particularly limited, but can enumerate propylene glycol, butylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, cyclohexanediol, the ethylene oxide adduct of bisphenol-A, polyglycol, polypropylene glycol and polytetramethylene glycol etc.
Two or more can combinationally use by these other dicarboxylic acid component or other diol component as required.In addition, also can be used together the hydroxycarboxylic acids such as P-hydroxybenzoic acid.In addition, as other copolymer composition, the dicarboxylic acid component containing a small amount of amido link, amino-formate bond, ehter bond and carbonic acid ester bond etc. or diol component can be used.
As the manufacture method of PET series resin, can adopt with the following method: the method making terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (and other dicarboxylic acid as required or other glycol) direct polycondensation, the dialkyl of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (and the dialkyl of other dicarboxylic acid as required or other glycol) is made to carry out the method for ester exchange reaction aftercondensated, and make the method etc. of glycol ester (and other diol ester as required) polycondensation of terephthalic acid (TPA) (and other dicarboxylic acid as required).
In each polyreaction, can use comprise antimony system, titanium system, germanium system or aluminium based compound polymerization catalyst or comprise the polymerization catalyst of above-mentioned complex chemical compound.
This polymeric reaction condition suitably can be selected according to used monomer, catalyzer, reaction unit and target resin characteristics, have no particular limits, but such as temperature of reaction is generally about 150 DEG C ~ about 300 DEG C, is preferably about 200 DEG C ~ about 300 DEG C, is more preferably about 260 DEG C ~ about 300 DEG C.In addition, its pressure is generally atmospheric pressure ~ about 2.7Pa, and wherein the rear half stage of preferred reaction is at depressurised side.
Polyreaction by carrying out stirring the elimination reaction thing devolatilizations such as glycol, alkylate or water to be carried out under such high temperature high reduced pressure.
In addition, polyplant can be only a reactive tank, or can connect multiple reactive tank.In this situation, usually according to the difference of the degree of polymerization, reactant is carried between reactive tank, while be polymerized.In addition, in the rear half stage of polymerization, the method possessing horizontal reacting device, carry out devolatilization while adding hot milling can also be adopted.
Resin after polymerization is terminated, after taking out from reactive tank or horizontal reacting device with molten condition, with the form of the sheet after carrying out cooling crush with drum cooler or salband etc. or to import extruder and the granular form acquisition of severing after being extruded into cord shape.
And then, solid phase can also be carried out as required, improve molecular weight or reduce low molecular weight compositions.As the low molecular weight compositions that can contain in PET series resin, can enumerate cyclic trimer composition, the such content of cyclic trimer composition in resin is preferably below 5000ppm, is more preferably below 3000ppm.If cyclic trimer composition is more than 5000ppm, then sometimes harmful effect is produced to the physical property of the optics of film.
For the molecular weight of PET series resin, with by resin dissolves in the mixed solvent of phenol/tetrachloroethane=50/50 (weight ratio), in 30 DEG C measure limiting viscosities represent time, be generally 0.45 ~ 1.0dL/g, be preferably 0.50 ~ 1.0dL/g, be more preferably the scope of 0.52 ~ 0.80dL/g.Limiting viscosity less than 0.45dL/g PET series resin exist manufacture film time throughput rate reduce or film physical strength decline situation.In addition, limiting viscosity more than 1.0dL/g PET series resin exist manufacture film time polymkeric substance the situation melt extruding poor stability.
In addition, PET series resin can contain adjuvant as required.As adjuvant, such as, can enumerate lubricant, anti blocking agent, thermal stabilizer, antioxidant, antistatic agent, photostabilizer and resistance to impact modifying agent etc.Its addition is preferably set to and does not produce in dysgenic scope to optics physical property.
In order to coordinate such adjuvant, and be shaped in order to film described later, PET series resin uses with the graininess by extruder granulation gained usually.The size and shape of particle has no particular limits, be generally height and diameter be the cylindric, spherical or flat spherical of below 5mm.
The PET series resin obtained like this can by be configured as membranaceous, carry out stretch processing thus form the transparent and polyethylene terephthalate film that the physical strength of homogeneous is high.Be not particularly limited as this manufacture method, but such as can adopt following described method.
First, by the pellet supply containing pet resin of drying in melt extrusion apparatus, more than fusing point is heated to and melting.Then, the resin of melting is extruded from mould, rotation drum cooler carries out quenching solidification, to reach the temperature of below glass transition temperature, obtains the unstretching film being essentially noncrystalline state.This melt temperature decides according to the fusing point of used PET series resin and extruder, and it has no particular limits, and is generally 250 ~ 350 DEG C.
In addition, in order to improve the planarity of film, preferably improving the adaptation of film and rotation drum cooler, preferably adopting electrostatic to apply closely sealed method or the closely sealed method of liquid spreading.
Electrostatic applies the method that closely sealed method is generally such: opened established wire electrode by the orthogonal direction that flows in the top side of film along film, and this electrode is applied to the DC voltage of about 5 ~ 10kV, thus give film static charge, improve the adaptation rotating drum cooler and film.In addition, the closely sealed method of liquid spreading is such method: by by uniform liquid be coated on rotate drum cooler whole surface or part surface (part such as only contact with film both ends) on, thus improve rotation drum cooler and the adaptation of film.Can as required and by above-mentioned two kinds of methods.
PET series resin used can mix resin structure of more than two kinds or the different resin of composition as required.Such as can enumerate: using used in combination to the particle and the particle do not coordinated that are combined with as the particulate filler of anti blocking agent, ultraviolet light absorber or antistatic agent etc. etc.
In addition, the stacked number of the film extruded can be set to more than 2 layers as required.Such as can enumerate: prepare to be combined with the particle as the particulate filler of anti blocking agent and the particle that do not coordinate, be supplied to identical mould from different extruders, thus extrude " cooperation filler/do not coordinate/coordinate filler " by 2 kinds of 3 layers of films etc. formed.
When obtaining monadic stretching membrane, stenter at the temperature of above-mentioned unstretching film usually more than glass transition temperature, is utilized to carry out cross directional stretch to the Width (vertical direction relative to length direction) of film.This draft temperature is generally 70 ~ 150 DEG C, is preferably 80 ~ 130 DEG C, is more preferably 90 ~ 120 DEG C.In addition, stretching ratio is generally 2.5 ~ 6 times, is preferably 3 ~ 5.5 times.If stretching ratio during cross directional stretch is less than 1.1 times, then the transparency of film becomes bad sometimes.In addition, the stretching ratio more than 6 times is unpractical in industrial manufacturing technology.
Thereafter, can heat-treat, and relaxation process can be carried out as required.Heat treatment temperature is generally 150 ~ 250 DEG C, is preferably 180 ~ 245 DEG C, is more preferably 200 ~ 230 DEG C.Heat treatment time was generally for 1 ~ 600 second, was preferably for 1 ~ 300 second, was more preferably for 1 ~ 60 second.
The temperature of relaxation process is generally 100 ~ 230 DEG C, is preferably 110 ~ 210 DEG C, is more preferably 120 ~ 180 DEG C.In addition, relaxation amount is generally 0.1 ~ 20%, is preferably 1 ~ 10%, is more preferably 2 ~ 5%.For temperature and the relaxation amount of this relaxation process, preferred according to the temperature of the polyethylene terephthalate film after relaxation process when the mode that the percent thermal shrinkage of 150 DEG C is less than 2% sets relaxation amount and relaxation process further.
On the other hand, when obtaining biaxially-stretched film, at the temperature of above-mentioned unstretching film more than glass transition temperature, usually first carry out longitudinal stretching to extruding direction.Draft temperature is generally 70 ~ 150 DEG C of In, is preferably 80 ~ 130 DEG C, is more preferably 90 ~ 120 DEG C.In addition, stretching ratio is generally 1.1 ~ 6 times, is preferably 2 ~ 5.5 times.If this stretching ratio is less than 1.1 times, then there is the tendency of the physical strength deficiency of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film.In addition, if more than 6 times, then there is the situation that horizontal intensity is not enough in practical.This stretching can disposablely complete, and also can carry out several times as required.Usually, when carrying out multi-drawing, amounting to stretching ratio and being preferably above-mentioned scope.
Thereafter, the longitudinal stretching film obtained like this can be heat-treated.Then, relaxation process can be carried out as required.This heat treatment temperature is generally 150 ~ 250 DEG C, is preferably 180 ~ 245 DEG C, is more preferably 200 ~ 230 DEG C.In addition, heat treatment time was generally for 1 ~ 600 second, was preferably for 1 ~ 300 second, was more preferably for 1 ~ 60 second.
The temperature of relaxation process is generally 90 ~ 200 DEG C, is preferably 120 ~ 180 DEG C.In addition, relaxation amount is generally 0.1 ~ 20%, is preferably 2 ~ 5%.
For temperature and the relaxation amount of this relaxation process, preferred according to the temperature of the polyethylene terephthalate film after relaxation process when the mode that the percent thermal shrinkage of 150 DEG C is less than 2% sets relaxation amount and relaxation process further.
When obtaining biaxially-stretched film, usually after longitudinal stretching process or heat-treat as required or after relaxation process, utilize stenter to carry out cross directional stretch.This draft temperature is generally 70 ~ 150 DEG C, is preferably 80 ~ 130 DEG C, is more preferably 90 ~ 120 DEG C.In addition, stretching ratio is generally 1.1 ~ 6 times, is preferably 2 ~ 5.5 times.
If stretching ratio during cross directional stretch is less than 1.1 times, then exists and utilize the film strength of orientation to improve not enough situation.In addition, the stretching ratio more than 6 times is unpractical in industrial manufacturing technology.
Thereafter, can heat-treat, and relaxation process can be carried out as required.Heat treatment temperature is generally 150 ~ 250 DEG C, is preferably 180 ~ 245 DEG C, is more preferably 200 ~ 230 DEG C.Heat treatment time was generally for 1 ~ 600 second, was preferably for 1 ~ 300 second, was more preferably for 1 ~ 60 second.
The temperature of relaxation process is generally 100 ~ 230 DEG C, is preferably 110 ~ 210 DEG C, is more preferably 120 ~ 180 DEG C.In addition, relaxation amount is generally 0.1 ~ 20%, is preferably 1 ~ 10%, is more preferably 2 ~ 5%.For temperature and the relaxation amount of this relaxation process, preferred according to the temperature of the polyethylene terephthalate film after relaxation process when the mode that the percent thermal shrinkage of 150 DEG C is less than 2% sets relaxation amount and relaxation process further.
When obtaining uniaxial tension and biaxially-stretched film, usually after longitudinal stretching process or heat-treat as required or after relaxation process, utilize stenter to carry out cross directional stretch.This draft temperature is generally 70 ~ 150 DEG C, is preferably 80 ~ 130 DEG C, is more preferably 90 ~ 120 DEG C.In addition, stretching ratio is generally 1.1 ~ 6 times, is preferably 2 ~ 5.5 times.If stretching ratio during cross directional stretch is less than 1.1 times, then exists and utilize the film strength of orientation to improve not enough situation.In addition, the stretching ratio more than 6 times is unpractical in industrial manufacturing technology.
Thereafter, can heat-treat, and relaxation process can be carried out as required.Heat treatment temperature is generally 150 ~ 250 DEG C, is preferably 180 ~ 245 DEG C, is more preferably 200 ~ 230 DEG C.Heat treatment time was generally for 1 ~ 600 second, was preferably for 1 ~ 300 second, was more preferably for 1 ~ 60 second.
The temperature of relaxation process is generally 100 ~ 230 DEG C, is preferably 110 ~ 210 DEG C, is more preferably 120 ~ 180 DEG C.In addition, relaxation amount is generally 0.1 ~ 20%, is preferably 1 ~ 10%, is more preferably 2 ~ 5%.For temperature and the relaxation amount of this relaxation process, preferred according to the temperature of the polyethylene terephthalate film after relaxation process when the mode that the percent thermal shrinkage of 150 DEG C is less than 2% sets relaxation amount and relaxation process further.
In uniaxial tension and biaxial stretch-formed process, if this stretch processing temperature is all more than 250 DEG C, then resin produces heat ageing or excessive crystallization, and therefore optical property declines sometimes.In addition, if stretch processing temperature is less than 70 DEG C, then exist stretch expend excessive stress or film solidification and not tensile situation.
In addition, in uniaxial tension and biaxial stretch-formed process, after cross directional stretch, in order to relax the deflection of the draw direction relative to orientation main shaft being bent into representative, again can heat-treat or carrying out stretch processing.
It should be noted that, at this, draw direction refers to the direction that stretching ratio is large when longitudinal stretching or cross directional stretch.Polyethylene terephthalate film biaxial stretch-formed in, usual cross directional stretch multiplying power is slightly larger than longitudinal stretching multiplying power, and therefore in this case, draw direction refers to the vertical direction of the length direction relative to film.In addition, in uniaxial tension, usually, owing to transversely stretching as mentioned above, therefore in this case, draw direction refers to the vertical direction of the length direction relative to film equally.
In addition, at this, orientation main shaft refers to the molecular orientation direction in the arbitrfary point on stretching polyethylene terephthalate film, refers to slow axis.The differential seat angle of slow axis and draw direction is referred to relative to the deflection of the draw direction of this slow axis.
Above-mentioned slow axis such as can use phase retardation film optical material testing fixture RETS (Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd. system) or molecular orientation meter MOA (prince measures machine Co., Ltd. system) etc. measure.
In stretching polyethylene terephthalate film, the refractive index n of the slow-axis direction in control face x, orthogonal with slow axis in face direction refractive index n y, thickness direction refractive index n ztime, stretching ratio when above-mentioned longitudinal stretching or cross directional stretch is the most important factor, and usually in the making of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film, uniaxial tension is applicable to making with (n x-n z)/(n x-n y) film that the Nz coefficient that represents is less, the film that biaxial stretch-formed applicable making Nz coefficient is larger.
In polarization plates used in the present invention, as described stretching polyethylene terephthalate film, being preferably Nz coefficient is more than 4 or film less than 2.Nz coefficient be more than 4 stretching polyethylene terephthalate film can make preferably by biaxial stretch-formed, the stretching polyethylene terephthalate film of Nz coefficient less than 2 can make preferably by uniaxial tension.By adopting the stretching polyethylene terephthalate film of such optical property, the irregular colour of the liquid crystal indicator being provided with described polarization plates can be reduced to a certain extent.When Nz coefficient is more than 4, this value more can play more greatly the effect reducing irregular colour, lower than 2 time this value is more little more can play the effect reducing irregular colour.Be more than 2 to during less than 4 at Nz coefficient, the tendency that the liquid crystal indicator being provided with described polarization plates has irregular colour to become stronger.
In polarization plates used in the present invention, relative to polarizing coating the axis of homology, the axle deviation angle of the slow axis of stretching polyethylene terephthalate can select arbitrarily according to the restriction of object or production aspect.Such as, when by backlight side (light incident side) polarization plates of polarization plates of the present invention as the liquid crystal indicator of the polarizability possessing frontal strong backlight light source, in order to prevent to come from stretching polyethylene terephthalate film face in phase differential, from the interference color of frontal, the axle deviation angle of preferred polarizing coating and stretching polyethylene terephthalate film is less.Preferably relative to polarizing coating the axis of homology, the deviation angle of the slow axis of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film is more than 0 degree and the scope of less than 15 degree.In this case, Nz coefficient is set as more than 4 or be less than 2 also minimizing irregular colour in effective.
As the backlight light source that polarizability is strong, such as, can enumerate the light source etc. possessing reflective polarizing diffusion barrier in backlight unit.Reflective polarizing diffusion barrier refers to the film with following function: by optionally being reflected by backlight, recycling, can improve the brightness of visible range.As the commercially available prod being equivalent to reflective polarizing diffusion barrier, there is " DBEF " (trade name) etc. of being sold by the 3M company of the U.S. (in Japan, Sumitomo 3M (strain)).
On the other hand, when than that described above, can preferably use relative to polarizing coating the axis of homology, material that the deviation angle of the slow axis of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film is large.Wherein, be more preferably deviation angle and be more than 20 degree and the material of less than 50 degree.By being set in above-mentioned scope by the axle deviation angle of polarizing coating and stretching polyethylene terephthalate film, the irregular colour of liquid crystal indicator more can be reduced.
In stretching polyethylene terephthalate film of the present invention, in order to control in particular range by various optics physics value (in slow axis, face phase difference value, Nz coefficient etc.), known any technology can be adopted ad lib.Specifically, can be controlled by the stretching condition such as draft temperature, stretching ratio, relaxation process, linear speed when regulating above-mentioned stretch processing.In addition, in stretching polyethylene terephthalate film raw material film, in Width (vertical direction relative to length direction), usually there is the deviation of phase difference value in the deflection of the slow axis being bent into representative, face, Nz coefficient.For such stretching polyethylene terephthalate film, only can optionally use the width range with objective optics performance as required.
As the method controlling the axis of homology of polarizing coating of polarization plates used and the axle deviation angle of the slow axis of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film in the present invention, can also enumerate: be used in stretching polyethylene terephthalate film raw material film itself, draw direction and slow axis are adjusted to the method for the material within the scope of angle on target; Or as mentioned above, only selectively ground uses the method with the width range of objective optics performance as required.In addition, on polarizing coating during stacked stretching polyethylene terephthalate film, the deviation angle of the slow-axis direction of the axis of homology direction of polarizing coating and stretching polyethylene terephthalate film can be regulated and fit within the scope of angle on target.When adopting former approach, can with volume to volume by polarizing coating and the laminating of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film, therefore excellence in productivity and cost.
The thickness of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film used in polarization plates of the present invention preferably in the scope of 15 ~ 75 μm, more preferably in the scope of 20 ~ 60 μm.When the thickness of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film is less than 15 μm, have the tendency of (operability is poor) not easy to operate, in addition, when thickness is more than 75 μm, film is thickening and cost uprises, and the advantage of thin-walled property has the tendency weakened.
The stretching polyethylene terephthalate film obtained so easily can obtain commercially available prod, such as, can enumerate the following commercially available prod of trade name " ダ イ ア ホ イ Le ", " ホ ス タ Off ア Application ", " Off ユ mono-ジ ヨ Application " (being Mitsubishi Plastics Inc's system above), " テ イ ジ Application テ ト ロ Application Off イ Le system ", " メ リ ネ Star Network ス ", " マ イ ラ mono-", " テ Off レ Star Network ス ", (being Di Ren Du Pont membrane Co., Ltd. system above), " エ ス テ Le Off イ Le system spins in Japan ", " エ ス ペ Star ト Off イ Le system spins in Japan ", " コ ス モ シ ヤ イ Application ", " Network リ ス パ mono-" (being Toyo Boseki K.K's system above), " Le ミ ラ mono-" (eastern beautiful film processes Co., Ltd.'s system), " エ Application Block ロ Application ", " エ Application Block レ Star ト " (UNITIKA Co., Ltd. system), " ス カ イ ロ mono-Le " (SKC Inc.), " コ mono-Off イ Le " (Co., Ltd.'s height closes system), " Easthome's polyester film " (STC Corp.'s system), and " too pavilion polyester film " (FUTAMURA KCC system) etc.
And then, as long as do not hinder effect of the present invention, the stacked various functional layer of single or double on stretching polyethylene terephthalate film that just can be used in the present invention.Stacked functional layer such as can enumerate conductive layer, smooth layer, slippery layer, antiblocking layers and easy adhesive linkage etc.Wherein, this stretching polyethylene terephthalate film across bond layer and polarizing coating stacked, be therefore preferably laminated with easy adhesive linkage.
The composition forming easy adhesive linkage is not particularly limited, but such as there is polar group in skeleton and low-molecular-weight and the polyester based resin of lower glass transition temperatures, carbamate system resin or acrylic resin etc.In addition, crosslinking chemical, organic or inorganic filler, surfactant and lubricant etc. can be contained as required.
The method that stretching polyethylene terephthalate film is formed the functional layers such as above-mentioned conductive layer, smooth layer, slippery layer, antiblocking layers and easy adhesive linkage is not particularly limited, but such as can adopt with the following method: the method that the film after all stretching process terminate is formed; In the operation that PET series is resin stretched, the method such as formed between longitudinal stretching and cross directional stretch operation; And before bonding with polarizing coating or the method etc. of bonding rear formation.Such as, in biaxial stretch-formed stretching polyethylene terephthalate film, consider from productive viewpoint, preferably adopt the method forming, then carry out cross directional stretch after longitudinal stretching is carried out to PET series resin.
(light source side diaphragm bonding)
In light incident side polarization plates used in the present invention, polarizing coating and there is optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm usually paste by bonding agent.As this bonding agent, the cementability with respective film can be considered, use the arbitrary bonding agent in various known bonding agents etc.Transparent and the optically isotropic bonding agent of preferred use.As concrete bonding agent, such as, can enumerate polyethenol series bonding agent, acrylic acid series bonding agent, carbamate system bonding agent, epoxy bonding agent etc.As the preference of epoxy bonding agent, the activation evergy line solidification compound containing cycloaliphatic epoxy can be enumerated.
In addition, preferably no-solvent type bonding agent is used.By adopting described bonding agent, the permanance of the polarization plates under harsh environment can be improved, and not need the operation of dry bonding agent, therefore have and improve the such advantage of productivity.
(cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films)
Light incident side polarization plates used in the present invention can have cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films, and described cell side protective film is stacked in and is laminated with on the face with the opposition side in the face of above-mentioned optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm of polarizing coating.
Cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films suitably can use the film of the optical characteristics had as blooming according to object; be not particularly limited; but as cell side diaphragm, such as, can use the film be made up of following film: comprise the transparent resin films such as the cellulose-based resin molding of triacetyl cellulose (TAC) etc., ethylene series resin molding, acrylic resin film, polycarbonate resin film and polyester based resin film.
As optical compensation films, specifically can enumerate and above-mentioned transparent resin film be stretched with the film making it have refractive anisotrop, be combined with optical anisotropy and give the film of adjuvant and form the film etc. of optical anisotropic layer from the teeth outwards.
In light incident side polarization, when the liquid crystal cell side of polarizing coating is laminated with cell side diaphragm, can further at the stacked optical compensation films of this liquid crystal cell side.
In addition, on these cell side diaphragms or optical compensation films, as described later, can further stacked optical functional film or coated optical functional layer.
Cellulose-based resin molding is the film comprising cellulosic partially or completely carboxylate, such as, can enumerate the film comprising cellulosic acetate, propionic ester, butyric ester and their mixed ester etc.Wherein, tri acetyl cellulose membrane, diacetyl cellulose film, cellulose acetate propionate film and cellulose acetate butyrate film etc. are preferably used.
Cellulose-based resin molding so easily can obtain commercially available prod, such as, can enumerate the following commercially available prod of trade name: " FUJITAC TD " (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.'s system) and " コ ニ カ ミ ノ Le タ TAC Off イ Le system KC " (Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd. system) etc.
Ethylene series resin molding is such as the resiniferous film of bag, and described resin uses catalyst for polymerization the chain olefin such as ethene and propylene monomer and the cyclic olefin monomers such as norborene and other cyclopentadiene derivant to be carried out being polymerized obtaining.
As the ethylene series resin comprising chain olefin monomer, tygon or polypropylene-based resin can be enumerated.Wherein, the polypropylene-based resin of the homopolymer of propylene is preferably comprised.In addition, also preferred based on propylene, make can with the comonomer of its copolymerization with the ratio of the usual ratio of 1 ~ 20 % by weight, preferably 3 ~ 10 % by weight, carry out copolymerization and the polypropylene-based resin obtained
When use comprise the polypropylene-based resin of propylene copolymer, as can with the comonomer of copolymerization of propylene, be preferably ethene, 1-butylene and 1-hexene.Wherein, from the transparency and the more excellent aspect of stretch process, preferably make the material of ethylene copolymer with the ratio of 3 ~ 10 % by weight.By the copolymerization ratios of ethene is set as more than 1 % by weight, the effect improving the transparency or stretch process can be demonstrated.On the other hand, if this ratio is more than 20 % by weight, then the fusing point of resin declines and the thermotolerance damaged required by cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films sometimes.
Such polypropylene-based resin easily can obtain commercially available prod, such as, can enumerate the following commercially available prod of trade name: " プ ラ イ system Port リ プ ロ " (P Co., Ltd. rime Polymer system), " ノ バ テ Star Network ", " ウ イ Application テ Star Network " (above is Japanese Polypropylene Co., Ltd. system), " Sumitomo ノ mono-Block レ Application " (Sumitomo Chemical Co's system) and " SunAllomer " (SunAllomer Co., Ltd. system) etc.
Ethylene series resin cyclic olefin polymerization obtained is commonly referred to ring-type (gathering) ethylene series resin, ester ring type (gathering) ethylene series resin or norbornene resin.Referred to here as annular ethylene series resin.
As annular ethylene series resin, such as, can enumerate: carry out ring opening metathesis polymerization with the norborene or derivatives thereof obtained by cyclopentadiene and olefines by Diels-Alder reaction for monomer, then hydrogenation be carried out to it and the resin obtained; Carry out ring opening metathesis polymerization with the tetracyclododecane or derivatives thereof obtained by bicyclopentadiene and olefines or methacrylic acid acid esters class by Diels-Alder reaction for monomer, then hydrogenation is carried out to it and the resin obtained; Similarly ring opening metathesis copolymerization is carried out to norborene, tetracyclododecane, their derivant class or other cyclic olefin monomers, then hydrogenation is carried out to it and the resin obtained; And make above-mentioned norborene, tetracyclododecane, their copolymerization such as derivant and the aromatics with vinyl and the resin etc. obtained by addition polymerization.
Such annular ethylene series resin easily can obtain commercially available prod, such as, can enumerate the following commercially available prod of trade name: " ト パ ス " (Topas Advanced Polymers GmbH system), " ア mono-ト Application " (JSR Corp.'s system), " ゼ オ ノ ア ", " ゼ オ ネ Star Network ス " (above for Japanese ZEON Co., Ltd. system) and " ア ペ Le " (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc's system) etc.
As the preferred concrete example of acrylic resin film, the film formed by methyl methacrylate system resin can be enumerated.Methyl methacrylate system resin is the polymkeric substance of the methyl methacrylate units containing more than 50 % by weight.The content of methyl methacrylate units is preferably more than 70 % by weight, also can be 100 % by weight.Methyl methacrylate units be 100 % by weight polymkeric substance be the imperplex that methyl methacrylate homopolymerization is obtained.
This methyl methacrylate system resin usually can by under radical polymerization initiator and the coexisting of chain-transferring agent that use as required, makes to be that the monofunctional monomer of major component and the polyfunctional monomer polymerization that uses as required obtain with methyl methacrylate.
As can with the monofunctional monomer of methyl methacrylate copolymer, be not particularly limited, but such as can enumerate the methyl acrylic ester beyond the methyl methacrylates such as β-dimethyl-aminoethylmethacrylate, butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, 2-Ethylhexyl Methacrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate; The esters of acrylic acids such as acryllic acid methyl esters, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, 2-EHA and acrylic acid 2-hydroxy methacrylate; The hydroxy acrylate classes such as 2-(methylol) methyl acrylate, 3-(hydroxyethyl) methyl acrylate, 2-(methylol) ethyl acrylate and 2-(methylol) butyl acrylate; The unsaturated acids such as methacrylic acid and acrylic acid; The halogenated styrenes such as chlorostyrene and bromstyrol class; The substituted phenylethylene such as vinyltoluene and α-methyl styrene class; The unsaturated nitrile such as vinyl cyanide and methacrylonitrile; The unsaturated acid anhydride such as maleic anhydride and citraconic anhydride class; And the unsaturated acid imide such as phenyl maleimide and N-cyclohexylmaleimide etc.These monomers can individually use, also can with other a kind more than combinationally use.
As can with the polyfunctional monomer of methyl methacrylate copolymer, be not particularly limited, but such as can enumerate the monomer that two terminal hydroxyl esterifications of ethylene glycol or its oligomer obtain by the acid of the acrylic or methacrylic such as ethylene glycol bisthioglycolate (methyl) acrylate, diethylene glycol two (methyl) acrylate, triethylene glycol two (methyl) acrylate, TEG two (methyl) acrylate, nine ethylene glycol bisthioglycolates (methyl) acrylate and ten TEGs (methyl) acrylate; With the monomer that two terminal hydroxyl esters of propylene glycol or its oligomer obtain by acrylic or methacrylic acid; The monomer that the hydroxy esterification of dibasic alcohol obtains with acrylic or methacrylic acid by neopentyl glycol two (methyl) acrylate, hexanediol two (methyl) acrylate and butylene glycol two (methyl) acrylate etc.; With the monomer that two terminal hydroxyl esterifications of the alkylen oxide adducts of bisphenol-A, bisphenol-A or their halogen substiuted body obtain by acrylic or methacrylic acid; With the monomer that the polyhydric alcohol such as trimethylolpropane and pentaerythrite obtains by acrylic or methacrylic acid; And the monomer making the epoxy ring-opening addition of glycidyl acrylate or glycidyl methacrylate and obtain on these terminal hydroxyls; On succinic acid, hexane diacid, terephthalic acid (TPA), phthalic acid, their dibasic acid and their alkylen oxide adducts etc. such as halogen substiuted body, make the epoxy ring-opening addition of glycidyl acrylate or glycidyl methacrylate and the monomer obtained; (methyl) aryl acrylate; And the biaryl compound etc. such as divinylbenzene.Wherein, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, TEG dimethylacrylate and neopentylglycol dimethacrylate is preferably used.
Methyl methacrylate system resin also can for by carrying out reaction between functional group that this resin has and the modified methacrylic acid methyl esters system resin of modification.As this reaction, such as, in the macromolecular chain can enumerating the carbomethoxy of methyl acrylate and the hydroxyl of 2-(methylol) methyl acrylate the hydroxyl of separating methanol condensation reaction and acrylic acid carboxyl and 2-(methylol) methyl acrylate macromolecular chain in dehydration condensation etc.
Methyl methacrylate system resin easily can obtain commercially available prod, such as, can enumerate the following commercially available prod of trade name: " ス ミ ペ Star Network ス " (Sumitomo Chemical Co's system), " ア Network リ ペ Star ト " (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd's system), " デ Le ペ Star ト " (Asahi Kasei Corporation's system), " パ ラ ペ Star ト " (Kuraray Co., Ltd.'s system) and " ア Network リ PVC ユ ア " (Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd's system) etc.
The polycarbonate-based resin forming polycarbonate resin film typically refers to, utilize interface polycondensation or melt transesterification process, the carbonate precursor such as dihydric phenol photoreactive gas or diphenyl carbonate class is reacted and the resin that obtains, and the general bisphenol-A that uses is as the aromatic polycarbonate resin of dihydric phenol.In addition, can also enumerate and utilize solid phase ester-interchange method that polycarbonate prepolymer thing is polymerized and the resin that obtains or the resin etc. making cyclic carbonate compound ring-opening polymerization and obtain.
As dihydric phenol, only otherwise infringement is just not particularly limited as the performance of optics transparent resin, but beyond bisphenol-A (two (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane of 2,2-), such as quinhydrones can also be enumerated, resorcinol, 4,4 '-dihydroxybiphenyl, two (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, two { (4-hydroxyl-3,5-dimethyl) phenyl } methane, two (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane of 1,1-, two (4-the hydroxyphenyl)-1-diphenylphosphino ethane of 1,1-, two (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane of 1,1-, two (4-the hydroxyphenyl)-4-isopropyl cyclohexane of 1,1-, two { (4-hydroxy-3-methyl) phenyl } propane of 2,2-, two { (4-hydroxyl-3, the 5-dimethyl) phenyl } propane of 2,2-, two { (4-hydroxyl-3, the 5-dibromo) phenyl } propane of 2,2-, two (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane of 2,2-, two (4-the hydroxyphenyl)-3-methylbutane of 2,2-, two (4-the hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylbutane of 2,4-, two (4-hydroxyphenyl) pentane of 2,2-, two (4-the hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylpentane of 2,2-, two (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorenes of 9,9-, two { (4-hydroxy-3-methyl) phenyl } fluorenes of 9,9-, two { (4-hydroxyl-3, the 5-dimethyl) phenyl } fluorenes of 9,9-, two { (4-hydroxyl-3, the 5-dibromo) phenyl } fluorenes of 9,9-, α, α '-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-adjacent diisopropyl benzene, α, α '-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-diisopropyl benzene, α, α '-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-to diisopropyl benzene, 4,4 '-dihydroxybiphenyl sulfone, 4,4 '-dihydroxydiphenyl ketone, and 4,4 '-dihydroxydiphenyl ether etc., they can individually use, or can with other a kind more than used in combination.
In addition, in order to by molecular-weight adjusting to suitable scope or by the C-terminal end-blocking of macromolecular chain, also can be used together monohydric phenol compound.As this monohydric phenol, as long as the compound worked as end-capping reagent is just not particularly limited, but phenol, 4-TBP and 1-phenyl-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane etc. such as can be enumerated.
In addition, as required, also can use and there is the absorbefacient compound of UV as end-capping reagent using 2-(the 2-hydroxyl-3-tert-butyl group-5-(2-carboxyethyl)) phenyl benzotriazole etc.
Polycarbonate-based resin easily can obtain commercially available prod, such as can enumerate the following commercially available prod of trade name: " レ キ サ Application " (SABIC Inovative plastics Inc.), " マ Network ロ ロ Application ", " ア ペ Star Network " (being Bayer MaterialScience Inc. above), " ユ mono-ピ ロ Application ", " ノ バ Star Network ス " (being engineering-plastics Co., Ltd. of Mitsubishi system above), " パ Application ラ イ ト " (Teijin Chemicals, Ltd.'s system), " カ リ バ mono-" (Dow Chemical's system), " SD Port リ カ " (Sumitomo Dow Ltd.'s system), and " タ Off ロ Application " (Idemitsu Kosen Co., Ltd.'s system) etc.
As the method ethylene series obtained like this resin, annular ethylene series resin, methyl methacrylate system resin and polycarbonate-based resin etc. being configured as cell side diaphragm, as long as suitably select the method being applicable to above-mentioned resin, be not particularly limited.Such as, can adopt with the following method: by the resin curtain coating that is dissolved in solvent on metallicity band or drum, the dry solvent casting method obtaining film except desolventizing; And by resin being heated to more than its melt temperature and carrying out mixing and extrude from mould, cooling, thus obtain the extrusion by melting of film.Wherein, consider from productive viewpoint, preferably adopt extrusion by melting.
In addition, the film comprising above-mentioned resin that can be used as cell side diaphragm easily can obtain commercially available prod, such as can enumerate the following commercially available prod of trade name as polypropylene-based resin film: " FILMAX CPP film " (FILMAX Inc.), " サ Application ト Star Network ス " (サ Application ト ツク ス Co., Ltd. system), " ト mono-セ ロ " (East セ ロ Co., Ltd. system), " パ イ レ Application Off イ Le system spins in Japan " (Toyo Boseki K.K's system), " ト レ Off ア Application " (eastern beautiful film processes Co., Ltd.'s system), " ニ ホ Application Port リ エ mono-ス " (Japanese Port リ エ mono-ス Co., Ltd. system), and " too pavilion FC " (Off タ system ラ KCC system) etc.
In addition, such as the following commercially available prod of trade name can be enumerated as annular ethylene series resin film: " ゼ オ ノ ア Off イ Le system " (Co., Ltd. オ プ テ ス system) and " ア mono-ト Application Off イ Le system " (JSR Corp.'s system) etc.
In addition, such as the following commercially available prod of trade name can be enumerated as methyl methacrylate resin film: " ス ミ ペ Star Network ス " (Sumitomo Chemical Co's system), " ア Network リ ラ イ ト ", " ア Network リ プ レ Application " (above for Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd's system), " デ ラ グ ラ ス " (Asahi Kasei Corporation's system), " パ ラ グ ラ ス ", " コ モ グ ラ ス " (above is Kuraray Co., Ltd.'s system) and " ア Network リ PVC ユ ア " (Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd's system) etc.
In addition, such as the following commercially available prod of trade name can be enumerated as polycarbonate resin film: " レ キ サ Application OQ Off イ Le system " (SABIC Inovative plastics Inc.), " マ Network ロ ホ mono-Le ", " バ イ ホ mono-Le " (above is Bayer MaterialScience Inc.), " ユ mono-ピ ロ Application シ mono-ト " (engineering-plastics Co., Ltd. of Mitsubishi system) and " パ Application ラ イ ト シ mono-ト " (Teijin Chemicals, Ltd.'s system) etc.
In addition; as as being arranged on the polyester based resin film being laminated with the cell side diaphragm with opposition side, optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm side with polarizing coating, can using and form the above-mentioned film of the same race as the polyester based resin (PET series resin) with the stretching polyethylene terephthalate film that optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm is enumerated.In this situation, polyester based resin film can use the polyester based resin film do not stretched, such as, can directly use above-mentioned by melt extruding the film obtained.
The polyester based resin film do not stretched that can be used as cell side diaphragm easily can obtain commercially available prod, such as, can enumerate the following commercially available prod of trade name: " ノ バ Network リ ア mono-" (Mitsubishi chemical Co., Ltd's system) and " Supreme Being people A-PET シ mono-ト " (Teijin Chemicals, Ltd.'s system) etc.
In addition, as the optical compensation films comprising cellulose-based resin molding, be just not particularly limited as long as have the refractive index characteristic conforming with object, but such as can enumerate: single shaft or biaxial stretch-formed and film that is that obtain are carried out to the above-mentioned cellulose-based resin molding enumerated; Or make cellulose-based resin molding etc. containing having the compound of phase differential regulatory function and the film formed; On cellulose-based surface resin film, coating has the film of the compound of phase differential regulatory function; And single shaft or biaxial stretch-formed and film etc. that is that obtain are carried out further to these films.
The optical compensation films comprising cellulose-based resin molding easily can obtain commercially available prod, such as, can enumerate the following commercially available prod of trade name: " FUJITAC WV " (film Co., Ltd. of Fuji system) and " コ ニ カ ミ ノ Le タ TAC Off イ Le system KC8UCR " (コ ニ カ ミ ノ Le タ オ プ ト Co., Ltd. system) etc.
In addition; when above-mentioned ethylene series resin molding, acrylic resin film, polycarbonate resin film and the polyester based resin film etc. enumerated as cell side diaphragm are used as optical compensation films; usually, stretch its unstretching film, makes film have refractive anisotrop.Drawing process is selected according to required refractive anisotrop, is not particularly limited, and it is biaxial stretch-formed that usual employing longitudinal uniaxial tension, horizontal uniaxial tension and longitudinal direction, transverse direction are carried out successively.
Usually, the film of longitudinal uniaxial tension has n x> n y=n zrefractive anisotrop.At this, n xfor the refractive index of the draw direction of film, n yfor the refractive index of the Width of film, n zfor the refractive index of the normal direction of film.
In addition, usually, the film of horizontal uniaxial tension has refractive anisotrop.
In addition, usually, carry out biaxial stretch-formed film successively and there is n x> n y> n zrefractive anisotrop.
In addition, in order to give desired refractive index characteristic, heat-shrinkable film being fitted in target film, being replaced by stretch process or while stretch process, making film shrink.Usually, this operation is n to obtain refractive anisotrop x> n z> n yor n z> n x>=n yoptical compensation films carry out.
For these optical compensation films, when thickness is set as d, phase difference value R in face 0(n can be expressed as x-n y) × d, the phase difference value value R of thickness direction th[(n can be expressed as x+ n y)/2-n z] × d.
Optical compensation films easily can obtain commercially available prod, such as, as the optical compensation films formed by cyclic polyolefin hydrocarbon system resin, such as, can enumerate the following commercially available prod of trade name: " ゼ オ ノ ア Off イ Le system " (Co., Ltd. オ プ テ ス system), " ア mono-ト Application Off イ Le system " (JSR Corp.'s system), " エ ス シ mono-Na phasic difference Off イ Le system " (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd's system) and " ピ ユ ア エ mono-ス ER " (Teijin Chemicals, Ltd.'s system) etc.In addition, as the optical compensation films formed by polycarbonate-based resin, such as, can enumerate " ピ ユ ア エ mono-ス WR " (Teijin Chemicals, Ltd.'s system) etc.
(cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films bonding)
In light incident side polarization plates used in the present invention, polarizing coating and above-mentioned cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films are pasted by bonding agent usually.As this bonding agent, the cementability with respective film can be considered, use any bonding agent in various known bonding agents etc.Transparent and the optically isotropic bonding agent of preferred use.As concrete bonding agent, such as, can enumerate polyethenol series bonding agent, acrylic acid series bonding agent, carbamate system bonding agent, epoxy bonding agent etc.As the preference of epoxy bonding agent, the activation evergy line solidification compound containing cycloaliphatic epoxy can be enumerated.
In addition, preferably no-solvent type bonding agent is used.By adopting described bonding agent, the permanance of the polarization plates under harsh environment can be improved, and not need the operation of dry bonding agent, therefore not need drying equipment, and there is the such advantage of raising productivity.
In addition; as the bonding agent for bonding polarizing coating and cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films; if use with for the bonding above-mentioned polarizing coating bonding agent identical with the bonding agent with optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm, then owing to only needing a kind of bonding agent, therefore operation is easy.And then; when the bonding agent of the two is activation evergy line solidification compound; embark on journey when manufacturing polarization plates and irradiate activation evergy line, the bonding of the bonding of light source side diaphragm and cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films can be carried out simultaneously, therefore have and improve productive advantage.
In addition, water system bonding agent can also be used.As the bonding agent composition that can become this water system bonding agent, such as, can enumerate water-soluble cross-linked property epoxy system resin and carbamate system resin etc.
(adhesive phase)
Light incident side polarization plates used in the present invention can have adhesive phase in the liquid crystal cell side (face contrary with the face being laminated with polarizing coating of cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films) of cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films.Such adhesive phase may be used for the laminating with liquid crystal cells.
As long as the various characteristics (transparency, permanance, again operability etc.) that the bonding agent forming adhesive phase meets for blooming are just not particularly limited, but such as can use containing glass transition temperature (Tg) is the acrylic resin of less than 0 DEG C and the acrylic adhesive of crosslinking chemical, described acrylic resin makes to be major component with (methyl) acrylate, to carry out free radical polymerization and obtain further containing a small amount of acrylic monomer composition with (methyl) acrylic monomers of functional group under the existence of polymerization initiator.
At this, (methyl) acrylate as the major component of acrylic resin can be expressed from the next:
CH 2＝C(R 1)COOR 2
In formula, R 1represent hydrogen atom or methyl, R 2represent alkyl or the aralkyl of carbon number 1 ~ 14, R 2the hydrogen atom of alkyl or the hydrogen atom of aralkyl can be replaced by the alkoxy of carbon number 1 ~ 10.
In addition, (methyl) acrylic monomers with functional group is the monomer containing hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, epoxy radicals isopolarity functional group and an alkene double bond (being generally (methyl) acryloyl group) in molecule.
Concrete example as (methyl) acrylate of the major component of acrylic resin can enumerate such as R 1for H, R 2for the butyl acrylate of normal-butyl; R 1for H, R 2for the 2-EHA etc. of 2-ethylhexyl.In addition, there is the concrete example of (methyl) acrylic monomers of functional group, such as, as (methyl) acrylic monomers with hydroxyl, (methyl) acrylic acid 2-hydroxyl ethyl ester can be enumerated; As (methyl) acrylic monomers with carboxyl, acrylic acid etc. can be enumerated.And then, when manufacturing this acrylic resin, the monomer copolymerization in a small amount of molecule with multiple (methyl) acryloyl group can also be made, as its example, BDO two (methyl) acrylate etc. can be enumerated.
When manufacturing acrylic resin, above-mentioned (methyl) acrylate and (methyl) acrylic monomers with functional group can use one respectively, also can be used together multiple.In addition, multiple (methyl) acrylate can also be combined and there is the multipolymer of (methyl) acrylic monomers of functional group and acrylic resin or coordinate in this multipolymer and acrylic resin other acrylic resin, such as comprise the homopolymer of (methyl) acrylic monomers without functional group or the acrylic resin of multipolymer, form acrylic resin composition, and used as the resinous principle of bonding agent.
The crosslinking chemical be engaged in acrylic adhesive can be isocyanate-based compound, epoxy compound, metal complex based compound, aziridine based compound etc.Isocyanates based compound is except at least having the compound self of 2 isocyanate bases (-NCO) in molecule, the adduct that can also react with itself and polyvalent alcohol etc., the form of its dipolymer, trimer etc. use.For the concrete example of crosslinking chemical, as diisocyanate based compound, the Glycerin adduct of hexamethylene diisocyanate, the Glycerin adduct etc. of toluene diisocyanate can be enumerated, usually use with the form being dissolved in the solution in the organic solvents such as ethyl acetate respectively.These crosslinking chemicals can individually use, and also can combinationally use with other more than a kind.
Be generally 600,000 ~ about 2,000,000 when the weight-average molecular weight of acrylic resin contained in acrylic adhesive is to use the polystyrene standard of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) to convert, be preferably 800,000 ~ 1,800,000.During Weight-average molecular quantity not sufficient 600,000, there is the situation of cohesive or permanance reduction.In addition, when weight-average molecular weight is more than 2,000,000, exist adhesive phase be cured to more than required degree or gluing after not easily peel off, to the situation of being given unaccommodated stress birefrin by the cell side diaphragm of fitting or optical compensation films.
Aforesaid propylene acid is that resin can also adding crosslinking chemical further obtains acrylic adhesive solution by being dissolved in the organic solvents such as ethyl acetate.In addition, can contain as required silane coupling agent, weathering stabilizers, bonding agent, plastifier, softening agent, pigment and inorganic filler one or two or more kinds, can also further containing light diffusing particulates such as organic microbead.
Usually be coated on stripping film by the acrylic adhesive solution obtained like this, 60 ~ 120 DEG C of heating about 0.5 ~ 10 minute, distillation removing organic solvent, formed adhesive phase.
Then, after said units that this adhesive phase is fitted side diaphragm or optical compensation films, such as, under the atmosphere of temperature 23 DEG C, humidity 65%, slaking about 5 ~ 20 days, makes crosslinking chemical (C) fully react.
In addition, after also can forming adhesive phase on stripping film, stripping film of fitting further, obtains the independent sheet material of adhesive phase of the not substrate support such as protected film.In this situation, after laminating stripping film, such as, also under the atmosphere of temperature 23 DEG C, humidity 65%, slaking about 5 ~ 20 days, makes crosslinking chemical fully react.The independent sheet material of such bonding agent, when manufacturing cell's side diaphragm or optical compensation films, is peeled off one-sided stripping film in the period of necessity and is fitted on cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films and uses.
The raw material of above-mentioned acrylic adhesive easily can obtain commercially available prod, such as can enumerate various acrylic monomers (Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd's system, Toagosei Co., Ltd's system), as 2 of polymerization initiator, (great mound science Co., Ltd. systems such as 2 '-azoisobutyronitrile, Co., Ltd. Japan Finechem system), as hexamethylene diisocyanate and the Glycerin adduct thereof of crosslinking chemical, (Mitsui Chemical Polyurethane Co., Ltd's systems such as toluene diisocyanate and Glycerin adduct thereof, live to change バ イ エ Le ウ レ タ Application Co., Ltd. system).
In addition, adhesive sheet also has commercially available prod, such as, can enumerate " Off イ Le system シ mono-ト is cutd open in ノ Application キ ヤ リ ア adhesion " (リ ンテツク Co., Ltd. system, Nitto Denko Corp's system).
< light emitting side polarization plates >
In liquid crystal indicator of the present invention; the polarization plates (light emitting side polarization plates 40) that the light emitting side of liquid crystal cells is used can be known polarization plates, also can for formation identical with light incident side polarization plates polarization plates, namely with the liquid crystal cells opposition side of polarizing coating on possess the polarization plates with optically anisotropic diaphragm.When adopting the polarization plates identical with light incident side to light emitting side polarization plates 40; preferably, this polarization plates possesses at least a kind of functional layer be selected from antiglare layer, hard conating, anti-reflection layer and antistatic layer on the face (face contrary with the face being laminated with polarizing coating 41) of light emitting side with optically anisotropic diaphragm 42.In this situation, the polarization plates (light incident side polarization plates) being configured in the light incident side of liquid crystal indicator is also the polarization plates of defined in the present invention.
< liquid crystal cells >
By the polarization plates of above-mentioned band adhesive phase to be fitted to the one or both sides of liquid crystal cells across its adhesive phase, liquid crystal panel can be obtained.Liquid crystal cells is the parts with following function: in order to switch light transmission capacity, is encapsulated in by liquid crystal between 2 transparency carriers, by applying voltage, the state of orientation of liquid crystal is changed; According to the state of orientation of the liquid crystal layer be encapsulated in wherein and the state of orientation to liquid crystal layer when applying voltage between electrode, such as, there is the liquid crystal cells of the various modes such as twisted-nematic (TN) pattern, vertical orientated (VA) pattern, plane conversion (IPS) pattern.In the present invention, the liquid crystal cells of widely used various pattern in common liquid crystal indicator can be used.
The performance of the cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films that are layered in the liquid crystal cell side of polarizing coating suitably can be selected according to the mode of operation of above-mentioned liquid crystal cells or characteristic.
< backlight >
Liquid crystal indicator of the present invention possesses the backlight of the behind being configured in liquid crystal panel.This backlight at least possesses area source, be arranged on the position nearest from liquid crystal panel on this area source, there are optically anisotropic optical sheet parts.In addition, the slow axis of these optical sheet parts, the angle formed according to the slow axis with optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm with adjacent light incident side polarization plates is that the mode of less than 60 ° configures.By forming such formation, the irregular colour caused by light source side diaphragm produced in liquid crystal indicator significantly can be reduced.
(area source)
Area source used in backlight is the light source light from light source being injected to equably front face side (liquid crystal panel side).Area source such as at least possesses diffuser plate and is configured in the light source of its behind (with liquid crystal panel opposition side), can for make with diffuser plate the light from light source evenly spread after inject to the area source of the full run-down type of front face side, also can be the light source at least possessing light guide plate and be configured in its side, light from light source is temporarily incided in light guide plate, from the liquid crystal panel side surface of light guide plate, light is evenly injected to the area source of the side light type of front face side.
Above-mentioned diffuser plate and light guide plate all can be made up of transparent resins such as transparent thermoplastic resin or heat-curing resins, as transparent resin, such as, can enumerate plexiglass, copolymer of methyl methacrylatestyrene resin, polystyrene resin, polyolefin resin (comprising cyclic olefin resin) and polycarbonate resin etc.
Diffuser plate is have the image of covering light source and the light from light source is evenly spread to inject to front face side and the optics of the function of forming surface light source.Diffuser plate is configured in (from light source to the light path of liquid crystal panel) between light source and liquid crystal panel usually.As diffuser plate, be applicable to being used in dispersion in above-mentioned transparent resin and there is the material of the light diffusing agent of the refractive index different from it.As light diffusing agent, can be used as with the particle of transparent resin non-compatibility, to be generally 0.01 ~ 0.3 with the refringence of transparent resin, be preferably 0.05 ~ 0.2, weight average particle diameter is generally 1 ~ 15 μm, is preferably the particle of 2 ~ 10 μm.The concrete example of light diffusing agent can enumerate the inorganic particulates such as such as beaded glass, silicon dioxide granule, aluminum hydroxide particles, calcium carbonate particle, Particles of Barium Carbonate, Titanium particles, talcum; The organic fillers etc. such as styrene resin particle, acryl resin particle, organosilicon particle.
The content of the light diffusing agent in diffuser plate is different according to the difference of the requirement characteristic of the diffuser plate in the liquid crystal indicator used, but can be such as relative to transparent resin 100 weight portion, this content is about 0.1 ~ 10 weight portion, is preferably 0.3 ~ 7 weight portion.The light diffusing agent content of diffuser plate per unit area is preferably 2 ~ 200g/m 2, be more preferably 3 ~ 70g/m 2.
Light guide plate is optics used in the backlight of side light type, has self-configuring is in the future converted to face luminescence function at the light of the light source of its side.Light guide plate can make the tabular or cleat shape parts that comprise above-mentioned transparent resin.In transparent resin, the various adjuvants such as antistatic agent, fire retardant, ultraviolet light absorber, antioxidant can be contained.In addition, on the surface, the dot pattern utilizing Chinese white can be designed in the rear side (with liquid crystal panel opposition side) of light guide plate.
As light source used in area source, such as, can adopt and use fluorescent tube and send the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp (CCFL) of white light or light emitting diode (Light Emitting Diode:LED) etc.
(there are optically anisotropic optical sheet parts)
Backlight used in the present invention at least possesses and has optically anisotropic optical sheet parts on the surface nearest from liquid crystal panel.In the present invention, the mode that the slow axis of these optical sheet parts forms less than 60 ° according to the slow axis with optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm relative to adjoined light incident side polarization plates configures.
As above-mentioned optical sheet parts, be just not particularly limited as long as have optically anisotropic sheet component, but be wherein preferably used in the one or both sides upper strata laminated optical layer demonstrating optically anisotropic Mght-transmitting base material film and the parts formed.Such as diffusion barrier, lenticule film, lens etc. adopt above-mentioned formation usually, can be preferred in the present invention.The present invention, by utilizing usual the possessed optical sheet of these liquid crystal indicators, when not increasing new parts, can effectively obtain the liquid crystal indicator that irregular colour is few.
In the present invention, above-mentioned base material film has optical anisotropy, specifically, has the birefringence that refractive index is in the in-plane direction different, and has optical axis angle and length of delay.In addition, usually, employ above-mentioned there are the optical sheet parts of optically anisotropic base material film slow axis angle, the optical characteristics such as phase difference value directly reflects the performance of base material film in face.
The refractive index of the slow-axis direction in the face of above-mentioned base material film is set as n x, orthogonal with slow axis in face direction refractive index be set as n y, thickness is when being set as d, phase difference value R in face 0can by (n x-n y) × d represents, the phase difference value R of thickness direction thcan by [(n x+ n y)/2-n z] × d represents.
As the material forming above-mentioned base material film, from the viewpoint of the transparency, photostability, coating adaptability, preferably use polycarbonate or polyethylene terephthalate, the water white synthetic resin of special use.As this synthetic resin, be not particularly limited, such as, can enumerate polyethylene terephthalate, gather polyethylene naphthalate, acryl resin, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyolefin, cellulose acetate, weatherability vinyl chloride etc.Wherein, the polyethylene terephthalate of high, the easy control lag value of preferably clear, intensity or polycarbonate, particularly preferably flexible improved polyethylene terephthalate.
The thickness (average thickness) of above-mentioned base material film is not particularly limited, but is preferably more than 10 μm and less than 400 μm.If above-mentioned scope that the thickness of above-mentioned base material film is not enough, then easily produce the problems such as curling when can occur in the polymer composition be coated with for the formation of optical layers such as light diffusion layers.Otherwise if the thickness of above-mentioned base material film exceedes above-mentioned scope, then the brightness of liquid crystal indicator reduces sometimes, and the thickness of backlight unit becomes large and is not inconsistent the requirement of the slimming of liquid crystal indicator.
For above-mentioned base material film, in face, phase difference value is preferably more than 1000nm, is particularly preferably more than 5000nm.When employing employs the optical sheet parts of the base material film of the length of delay with above-mentioned scope, the irregular colour of liquid crystal indicator more effectively can be reduced.
As the manufacture method of base material film, be just not particularly limited as long as the optical property such as phase difference value in the slow axis angle of above-mentioned target zone, face can be obtained.Such as when adopting polyethylene terephthalate, can be controlled by the stretching condition such as draft temperature, stretching ratio, relaxation process, linear speed when regulating stretch processing.In addition, in the upper optical property situation devious of the Width (vertical direction relative to length direction) of raw material film, the width range with objective optics performance can only be selected.
The optical sheet parts formed as the one or both sides upper strata laminated optical layer at above-mentioned base material film, are generally the above-mentioned diffusion barrier, micro-lens sheet, lens etc. enumerated.
Diffusion barrier has the function that the light from light source evenly spread and injects to front face side and controls the angle of light and improve the optics of the function of front face brightness, and it is arranged on (from light source to the light path of liquid crystal panel) between light source and liquid crystal panel usually.When the area source of backlight possesses diffuser plate, diffusion barrier is configured between diffuser plate and liquid crystal panel.
As diffusion barrier, the upper formation of at least one side that such as can be used in Mght-transmitting base material film is dispersed with the film of the transparent resin layer (adhesive layer) of light diffusing agent.
Micro-lens sheet has the function that the light from light source evenly spread and injects to front face side and optically focused improves the sheet material of the function of front face brightness to the refraction of normal direction side by making light, compared with diffusion barrier, the ability of the raising front face brightness that display is high usually.As micro-lens sheet, such as, in the one side that can the be used in Mght-transmitting base material film lenticular sheet material of geometric configuration multiple hemispherical (comprising the shape close to hemisphere).
Lens has the light assembled from light source and improves the sheet material of the function of front face brightness, the surface that can be used in above-mentioned transparent resin formed the sheet material of the micro concavo-convex of given shape.Lens has bi-convex lens sheet, prismatic lens etc. according to the shape on micro concavo-convex surface.Such as, the sheet material of the multiple lens arrays of configuration side by side in the one side that can be used in Mght-transmitting base material film.
Above-mentioned optical sheet parts can contain stabilizing agent, the fire retardants etc. such as photodiffusion material, packing material, release agent, ultraviolet light absorber, antioxidant in the scope not damaging object of the present invention.In addition, surface can be level and smooth, and what also can be provided with for diffusion light is tiny concavo-convex.
In the present invention, above-mentioned optical sheet parts can preferably use, but from the viewpoint of versatility or cost, diffusion barrier is wherein particularly preferred for the present invention.
Above-mentioned diffusion barrier usually have on the surface of at least light emitting side of base material film be dispersed with light diffusing agent adhesive layer as optical layers, according to described light diffusing agent, can make to spread from inner side through the uniform light of optical layers.The average thickness of optical layers is not particularly limited, but is such as more than 1 μm and about less than 30 μm.
Light diffusing agent is the particle with the character making light spread, and is roughly divided into inorganic filler and organic filler.As inorganic filler, such as, can use silicon dioxide, aluminium hydroxide, aluminium oxide, zinc paste, barium sulphide, magnesium silicate or their potpourri.As the material of organic filler, such as, can use acryl resin, acrylonitrile resin, polyurethane, Polyvinylchloride, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide etc.Wherein, the acryl resin that preferably clear is high, particularly preferably polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
Shape as light diffusing agent is not particularly limited, but such as can enumerate spherical, spindle shape, needle-like, bar-shaped, cubic, tabular, flakey, threadiness etc., wherein, and the spherical microballon of preferred light diffusivity excellence.As the mean grain size of light diffusing agent, such as, be 1 ~ 50 μm, be more preferably 3 ~ 10 μm.When the mean grain size of light diffusing agent departs from above-mentioned scope, insufficient as manifesting of the light diffusing required for diffusion sheet, be sometimes difficult to evenly be diffused on the base material film of light diffusing agent.
The use level (solid constituent conversion) of light diffusing agent is preferably 10 ~ 500 parts relative to the cementing agent 100 parts as matrix, is more preferably 20 ~ 300 parts, more preferably 50 ~ 200 parts.When the use level of light diffusing agent departs from above-mentioned scope, light diffusing becomes insufficient, and the bed knife sometimes based on the light diffusing agent of cementing agent declines.
Cementing agent is formed by making the polymer composition crosslinking curing containing substrate polymer.Such as small inorganic filler agent, hardening agent, plastifier, spreading agent, various levelling agent, ultraviolet light absorber, antioxidant, viscosity modifying agent, lubricant, light stabilizer etc. suitably can also be combined with except substrate polymer for the formation of in the polymer composition of this transparent resin.
Be not particularly limited as above-mentioned substrate polymer, but such as can enumerate acrylic resin, polyurethane, polyester, fluorine resin, silicon-type resin, polyamidoimide, epoxy resin, ultraviolet curing resin etc., these polymkeric substance can use one kind or two or more used in combination.In addition, from the viewpoint of the permeability improving light, substrate polymer used in cementing agent itself is preferably transparent, is particularly preferably water white transparency.
As the manufacture method of above-mentioned diffusion barrier, known technology can be adopted.Such as there is following method: mixed light diffusant and prepare optical layers composition in the polymer composition forming adhesive layer, is stacked on the surface of base material film by this optical layers composition layer, makes it solidify, form optical layers thus, obtain diffusion barrier.In addition, now preferably, on the face contrary with the side being formed with optical layers of base material film, stacked adherent layer composition, makes it solidify, forms adherent layer thus.As the method above-mentioned optical layers composition and adherent layer composition layer are stacked on base material film, be not particularly limited, such as can adopt the method for the coating employing rod coater, knife type coater, spin coater, roll coater, gravure coater, cast-type coating machine, sprayer, screen printing etc. etc., consider the surface state etc. of the viscosity of above-mentioned composition, target film thickness, base material film, select optimal method to carry out.
Cut out diffusion barrier from the raw material film of the diffusion barrier made like this according to size as required and be installed to backlight.
In the present invention; to be representative with above-mentioned diffusion barrier, be installed in the most surface of liquid crystal panel side of backlight by having the optically anisotropic optical sheet parts that have that optically anisotropic base material film formed, the slow axis of these optical sheet parts be now configured according to the mode that the slow axis of the light source side diaphragm relative to adjoined light incident side polarization plates is less than 60 °.
In the present invention, in the slow axis angle of optical sheet parts, face, the optical property such as phase difference value directly reflects the optical property of base material film, if therefore by the adjustment of the optical property of base material film in target zone.In addition, for the slow-axis direction of optical sheet parts, position when cutting out optical sheet parts by adjustment from optical sheet raw material film and angle, can control within the scope of the invention.
(optical sheet class)
Between above-mentioned area source and optical sheet parts, can optical sheet class be set further.This optical sheet class is selected from various backlight optics, can for from be configured in parts different from the optical sheet parts on the nearest surface of liquid crystal panel in backlight, also can be identical parts.As the concrete example of optical sheet class, diffusion barrier, micro-lens sheet, lens, reflective polarizing diffusion barrier etc. can be enumerated.
(reflecting plate)
Backlight used in the present invention preferably possesses the reflecting plate of the rear side (with liquid crystal panel opposition side) being configured in area source further.Reflecting plate be have the rear side making injection to area source light reflection, improve the optics with high reflectance of the function of the light quantity injecting to front face side.As reflecting plate, such as, can use the material that the adjuvant such as inorganic filler, pigment is dispersed in the material in above-mentioned transparent resin or above-mentioned transparent resin is foamed.
< optics combination >
The invention still further relates to and possess optics combination used in the liquid crystal indicator of liquid crystal cells and backlight.Optics combination is the above-mentioned light incident side polarization plates of the backlight side comprised for being configured in liquid crystal cells and the above-mentioned combination with the optics of optically anisotropic optical sheet parts on the position nearest from liquid crystal cells being configured in backlight.Light incident side polarization plates and optical sheet parts do not need to form integration, in order to use in the manufacturing process of common liquid crystal indicator, are preferably parts separately.
Same with above-mentioned light incident side polarization plates, form the light incident side polarization plates of optics combination and have the polarizing coating comprising polyvinyl alcohol resin and the one side being layered in above-mentioned polarizing coating have optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm.When using optics combination to manufacture liquid crystal indicator; according to the mode there is optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm being positioned at backlight side; configuration light incident side polarization plates, on the surface nearest from liquid crystal cells on backlight, configuration has optically anisotropic optical sheet parts.Now, light incident side polarization plates and optical sheet parts are configured according to the mode that the angle that slow axis and the slow axis with optically anisotropic optical sheet parts of light source side diaphragm are formed is less than 60 °.
In addition, preferably, the above-mentioned light incident side polarization plates and the above-mentioned optical sheet parts that form optics combination are respectively rectangular shape; Relative to rectangular long limit; the deviation angle of the slow axis of the deviation angle of the slow axis of the light source side diaphragm of above-mentioned light incident side polarization plates and above-mentioned optical sheet parts is all set within 45 °; or relative to rectangular minor face; all be set within 45 ° by the deviation angle of the slow axis of the deviation angle of the slow axis of the light source side diaphragm of above-mentioned light incident side polarization plates and above-mentioned optical sheet parts, long limit or the minor face of then putting neat light incident side polarization plates and optical sheet parts are configured.Common liquid crystal indicator has rectangular shape, and light source side diaphragm and optical sheet parts therefore by making light incident side polarization plates also form above-mentioned configuration relation, can realize effective irregular colour in phase and reduce.In addition, in the production of common liquid crystal indicator preferably.Certainly, in these cases, be also that the mode being less than 60 ° according to the slow axis of the light source side diaphragm relative to light incident side polarization plates, the slow axis of optical sheet parts is configured.
Embodiment
Below, illustrate that embodiment more specifically illustrates the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Optical sheet parts used in example are below as follows, below, represent with respective symbol.They are the rectangle diffusion barrier of diagonal-size 40 feet (=about 102cm), using polyethylene terephthalate as base material film.Phase difference value R in face 0and slow axis angle uses phase retardation film optical material testing fixture RETS (Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd. system respectively) measure.
(A) diffusion barrier
Phase difference value R in face 0: 10000nm, the deviation angle relative to the slow axis of long side direction: 0 °
(B) diffusion barrier
Phase difference value R in face 0: 10000nm, the deviation angle degree relative to the slow axis of long side direction: 30 °
(C) diffusion barrier
Phase difference value R in face 0: 10000nm, the deviation angle relative to the slow axis of long side direction: 45 °
(D) diffusion barrier
Phase difference value R in face 0: 10000nm, the deviation angle relative to the slow axis of long side direction: 60 °
(E) diffusion barrier
Phase difference value R in face 0: 10000nm, the deviation angle relative to the slow axis of long side direction: 70 °
In addition, the value (Japanese: メ mono-カ mono-exhales title value) that the thickness of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film used in example is below formulated with manufacturer represents.Phase difference value R in the face of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film 0, Nz coefficient and slow axis angle use phase retardation film optical material testing fixture RETS (Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd. system respectively) measure.
In addition, phase difference value R in the thickness of the optical compensation films of annular ethylene series resin, face is comprised 0and thickness direction phase difference value R threpresent with the value that manufacturer formulates.Comprise phase difference value R in the thickness of the optical compensation films of annular ethylene series resin, face 0and thickness direction phase difference value R th, also use phase retardation film optical material testing fixture RETS (Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd. system) and carry out practical measurement, obtain almost same value.
< embodiment 1>
The making of (a) polarizing coating
Average degree of polymerization about 2400, saponification degree more than 99.9 % by mole and the polyvinyl alcohol film of thickness 75 μm are immersed in after in the pure water of 30 DEG C, the weight ratio being immersed in iodine/potassium iodide/water at 30 DEG C is in the aqueous solution of 0.02/2/100.Thereafter, the weight ratio being immersed in potassium iodide/boric acid/water at 56.5 DEG C is in the aqueous solution of 12/5/100.Then clean with the pure water of 8 DEG C, then dry at 65 DEG C, obtain the polarizing coating that gas absorption quantity in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has iodine.Stretch and mainly carry out in iodine staining and the acid-treated operation of boron, total stretching ratio is 5.3 times.
The making of the polarization plates of (b) band bonding agent
To the stretching polyethylene terephthalate film of thickness 38 μm (phase difference value R in face 0: 1000nm, Nz coefficient 7.0) binding face implement after corona treatment, utilization has possessed the apparatus for coating of enclosure-type scraper (Japanese: チ ヤ Application バ mono-De Network タ mono-), is coated with by the solvent-free activation evergy line curing type adhesive composite containing cycloaliphatic epoxy with 2 μm of thickness.In addition, to optical compensation films (the phase difference value R in face of annular ethylene series resin comprising thickness 73 μm 0: 63nm, thickness direction phase difference value R th: 225nm) binding face implement after corona treatment, utilize device same as described above, adhesive composite same as described above be coated with 2 μm of thickness.
Then, doubling roller is utilized immediately, across the coated face of respective adhesive composite, above-mentioned stretching polyethylene terephthalate film that the one side of the polarizing coating obtained in above-mentioned (a) is fitted, above-mentioned optical compensation films that another side is fitted.Now, the deviation angle of the axis of homology of polarizing coating and the slow axis of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film is set as 0 degree.Thereafter, from the stretching polyethylene terephthalate film side of this sandwich, irradiate Metal halogen lamp, making at the accumulated light of the wavelength of 320 ~ 400nm is 600mJ/cm 2, and the bonding agent on two sides is solidified.And then, on the outside of the optical compensation films of obtained polarization plates, the acrylic adhesive layer (band barrier film) that thickness setting is 25 μm.
The making of (c) liquid crystal indicator
The liquid crystal panel of the liquid crystal indicator " BRAVIA " (diagonal-size 40 feet=about 102cm) of the vertical alignment mode made from Sony's (strain) peels off light emitting side polarization plates, replaces it commercially available polarization plates (ス ミ ラ Application SRW842E-GL5, Sumitomo Chemical (strain) are made) to be pasted with its adhesive phase side on the direction of principal axis identical with original polarization plates.In addition, also light incident side polarization plates is peeled off, replace it polarization plates after polarization plates of the band adhesive phase made from above-mentioned (b) stripping barrier film to be carried out pasting (the absorption axle of polarizing coating and the slow axis of stretching polyethylene terephthalate film and the consistent direction of principal axis of the long side direction of panel) with its adhesive phase side on the direction of principal axis identical with original polarization plates.Then, from the optical sheet parts be configured in the diffuser plate of backlight that above-mentioned liquid crystal indicator removing is all, it is replaced to be configured with the diffusion barrier of above-mentioned (A).Like this, made the slow axis of the stretching polyethylene terephthalate film relative to light incident side polarization plates, the deviation angle (axle deviation angle) of the slow axis of diffusion barrier is the liquid crystal indicator of 0 °.For obtained liquid crystal indicator, visualization, the oblique irregular colour of result (interfering uneven) is weak, and identification is good.
< embodiment 2>
Use the diffusion barrier of above-mentioned (B), in addition, make the liquid crystal indicator that axle deviation angle is 30 ° similarly to Example 1.For obtained liquid crystal indicator, carry out the result of visualization, oblique irregular colour (interfering uneven) is weak, and identification is good.
< embodiment 3>
Use the diffusion barrier of above-mentioned (C), in addition, make the liquid crystal indicator that axle deviation angle is 45 ° similarly to Example 1.For obtained liquid crystal indicator, carry out the result of visualization, oblique irregular colour (interfering uneven) is weak, and identification is good.
< embodiment 4>
Use the diffusion barrier of above-mentioned (D), in addition, make the liquid crystal indicator that axle deviation angle is 60 ° similarly to Example 1.For obtained liquid crystal indicator, carry out the result of visualization, oblique irregular colour (interfering uneven) is more weak, and identification is good.
< comparative example 1>
Use the diffusion barrier of above-mentioned (E), in addition, make the liquid crystal indicator that axle deviation angle is 70 ° similarly to Example 1.For obtained liquid crystal indicator, carry out the result of visualization, oblique irregular colour (interfering uneven) is strong, and identification is poor.
< embodiment 5>
As the light source side diaphragm of polarizing coating, use stretching polyethylene terephthalate film (phase difference value R in face 0: 4000nm, Nz coefficient 1.8), in addition, make the liquid crystal indicator that axle deviation angle is 0 ° similarly to Example 1.For obtained liquid crystal indicator, carry out the result of visualization, oblique irregular colour (interfering uneven) is weak, and identification is good.
< embodiment 6>
Use the diffusion barrier of above-mentioned (B), in addition, make the liquid crystal indicator that axle deviation angle is 30 ° similarly to Example 5.For obtained liquid crystal indicator, carry out the result of visualization, oblique irregular colour (interfering uneven) is weak, and identification is good.
< embodiment 7>
Use the diffusion barrier of above-mentioned (C), in addition, make the liquid crystal indicator that axle deviation angle is 45 ° similarly to Example 5.For obtained liquid crystal indicator, carry out the result of visualization, oblique irregular colour (interfering uneven) is weak, and identification is good.
< embodiment 8>
Use the diffusion barrier of above-mentioned (D), in addition, make the liquid crystal indicator that axle deviation angle is 60 ° similarly to Example 5.For obtained liquid crystal indicator, carry out the result of visualization, oblique irregular colour (interfering uneven) is more weak, and identification is good.
< comparative example 2>
Use the diffusion barrier of above-mentioned (E), in addition, make the liquid crystal indicator that axle deviation angle is 70 ° similarly to Example 5.For obtained liquid crystal indicator, carry out the result of visualization, oblique irregular colour (interfering uneven) is strong, and identification is poor.
The deviation angle of the slow axis of the diffusion barrier of the slow axis relative to stretching polyethylene terephthalate film of the light incident side polarization plates in each example and test findings are summarized in table 1.Axle deviation angle in table 1 represents the deviation angle of the slow axis of the diffusion barrier of the slow axis of the stretching polyethylene terephthalate film relative to light incident side polarization plates in liquid crystal indicator.
[table 1]
As shown in table 1, be the embodiment 1 ~ 8 of less than 60 ° for axle deviation angle, the irregular colour confirming liquid crystal indicator is weak, the effect of identification excellence.On the other hand, axle deviation angle is greater than to the comparative example 1 and 2 of 60 °, irregular colour is strong, and identification is poor.
Symbol description
10 area sources
11 reflecting plates
12 optical sheet parts
20 backlights
30 light incident side polarization plates
40 smooth emitting side polarization plates
31,41 polarizing coatings
32 light source side diaphragms
42 diaphragm 33,43 cell side diaphragm or optical compensation films
34,44 adhesive phases
50 liquid crystal cells
The light incident side polarization plates of 60 band adhesive phases
The light emitting side polarization plates of 70 band adhesive phases
80 liquid crystal panels

Claims (12)

1. a liquid crystal indicator, it possesses backlight and is configured in the liquid crystal panel on described backlight,
Described liquid crystal panel comprises liquid crystal cells and is fitted in the polarization plates on two sides of described liquid crystal cells,
In described polarization plates, be configured in the light incident side polarization plates of the backlight side of liquid crystal cells, what have the polarizing coating comprising polyvinyl alcohol resin and the backlight side being layered in described polarizing coating has optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm,
Described backlight comprises the area source of full run-down type or side light type and is configured in from the nearest position of described liquid crystal panel has optically anisotropic optical sheet parts,
The angle formed according to the slow axis of described light source side diaphragm and the slow axis of described optical sheet parts is that the mode of less than 60 degree configures described light source side diaphragm and described optical sheet parts.
2. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1, wherein, in the face of described light source side diaphragm, phase difference value is more than 200nm.
3. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described light source side diaphragm is stretching polyethylene terephthalate film.
4. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described optical sheet parts are selected from the group be made up of diffusion barrier, lenticule film and lens.
5. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, being set as n by the refractive index of the slow-axis direction in face x, orthogonal with slow axis in face direction refractive index be set as n y, thickness direction refractive index be set as n ztime, (the n of described light source side diaphragm x-n z)/(n x-n y) shown in Nz coefficient be more than 4 or be less than 2.
6. liquid crystal indicator according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, in the face of described optical sheet parts, phase difference value is more than 1000nm.
7. an optics combination, it is for possessing in the liquid crystal indicator of liquid crystal cells and backlight, it comprises: for being configured in the light incident side polarization plates of the described backlight side of described liquid crystal cells and having optically anisotropic optical sheet parts on the position nearest from described liquid crystal cells being configured in described backlight
What described light incident side polarization plates had the polarizing coating comprising polyvinyl alcohol resin and an one side being layered in described polarizing coating has optically anisotropic light source side diaphragm; when for liquid crystal indicator; described light incident side polarization plates is configured according to the mode of described light source side diaphragm in described backlight side; further, the angle formed according to the slow axis of described light source side diaphragm and the slow axis of described optical sheet parts is that the mode of less than 60 ° configures described light source side diaphragm and described optical sheet parts.
8. optics combination according to claim 7, wherein, in the face of described light source side diaphragm, phase difference value is more than 200nm.
9. the optics combination according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, described light source side diaphragm is stretching polyethylene terephthalate film.
10. the optics combination according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, described optical sheet parts are selected from the group be made up of diffusion barrier, lenticule film and lens.
11. optics combination according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, being set as n by the refractive index of the slow-axis direction in face x, orthogonal with slow axis in face direction refractive index be set as n y, thickness direction refractive index be set as n ztime, (the n of described light source side diaphragm x-n z)/(n x-n y) shown in Nz coefficient be more than 4 or be less than 2.
12. optics combination according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, in the face of described optical sheet parts, phase difference value is more than 1000nm.
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