CN116924843A - Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries - Google Patents
Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN116924843A CN116924843A CN202310925468.0A CN202310925468A CN116924843A CN 116924843 A CN116924843 A CN 116924843A CN 202310925468 A CN202310925468 A CN 202310925468A CN 116924843 A CN116924843 A CN 116924843A
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- nutrient solution
- blueberries
- soilless substrate
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- blueberry
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 240000000851 Vaccinium corymbosum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 235000003095 Vaccinium corymbosum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 235000021014 blueberries Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229940061634 magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[6-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzimidazol-1-yl]-3-[1-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy]thiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=1C(C)OC(=C(S1)C(N)=O)C=C1N(C1=C2)C=NC1=CC=C2CN1CCN(C)CC1 ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- SHWNNYZBHZIQQV-UHFFFAOYSA-J EDTA monocalcium diisodium salt Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O SHWNNYZBHZIQQV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- LMSDCGXQALIMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid;iron Chemical compound [Fe].OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O LMSDCGXQALIMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 30
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 63
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 244000077233 Vaccinium uliginosum Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000012511 Vaccinium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000736767 Vaccinium Species 0.000 description 2
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- VXZBYIWNGKSFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[5-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrazin-2-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC=1N=CC(=NC=1)C=1C=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 VXZBYIWNGKSFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208421 Ericaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JUCCBFMAJUMIFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O [N].[NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound [N].[NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O JUCCBFMAJUMIFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000003464 asthenopia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940038879 chelated zinc Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004217 heart function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries, which comprises the following components in each liter of nutrient solution: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 678.93-944.60mg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 142.63-236.95mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 281.45-465.13mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 580-700mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 400-520mg/L; potassium sulfate: 274.46-457.43mg/L. The nutrient solution prepared by the formula can promote germination of blueberry-based branches, accelerate growth of the branches, improve stress resistance of plants, and provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for blueberry production by matrix cultivation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture, in particular to a nutrient solution formula for soilless matrix cultivation of blueberries.
Background
Blueberry (Vaccinium ssp.) is a perennial shrub of the genus Vaccinium of the family Ericaceae, and is a berry-like fruit tree with extremely high nutritional value. The research proves that the blueberry fruit and the extract thereof have various functions of improving and strengthening eyesight, preventing eyestrain and cerebral nerve aging, strengthening heart function, resisting cancer, softening blood vessels, enhancing human-machine immunity and the like. The fruit is popular in the world because of high health care value, and is one of five healthy fruits recommended by world food and agricultural organizations.
The blueberries have no root hairs, the root systems are undeveloped, the requirements on the growth conditions are high, the substrate can provide a proper root environment and a proper nutrition environment for the blueberries, and the blueberries cultivated by the substrate can be high in yield and good in fruit quality after one year. The blueberry nutrient solution is an important factor for restricting the development of facility blueberries, the nutrient solution formula has a certain degree of universality, and one nutrient solution formula can be only suitable for a plurality of plant varieties of a certain plant type, and can also be suitable for a plurality of plant types and even a large plant type, so that the screening and optimizing of the nutrient solution formula according to the growth characteristics and the nutrition requirement characteristics of different crop varieties are of great research significance.
Through searching, the formula of the nutrient solution which is currently applicable to the growth of the soilless matrix cultivated blueberries in China is provided with a patent and three existing known formulas (wherein the patent and the self-grinding formula are from the same author), and one patent is as follows: the soilless culture nutrient solution formula (CN 105000939A) of the blueberries comprises the following components: 970-1120mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 250-350mg/L of ammonium nitrate, 0-115mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 0-145mg/L of dipotassium phosphate, 150-250mg/L of ammonium sulfate, 150-260mg/L of potassium sulfate, 635-780mg/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 35-40mg/L of NaFe-EDTA and the balance of water. Three existing known formulations are as follows: 1. study of the influence of different nutrient solution formulas on blueberry seedling growth from a grinding formula II: 1082.77mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; 278.54mg/L ammonium nitrate; 141.61mg/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate; 223.91mg/L ammonium sulfate; 166.46mg/L potassium sulfate; 708.17mg/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate; naFe-EDTA38.34mg/L; na (Na) 2 Fe-EDTA 40.74mg/L.2. The formulas issued by Qingdao Shaoxi agricultural science and technology service Co., ltd comprise 320mg/L of calcium nitrate, 400mg/L of ammonium sulfate, 150mg/L of ammonium phosphate, 360mg/L of potassium sulfate, 70mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 150mg/L of chelated iron, 5mg/L of chelated zinc and sulfur2mg/L of manganese acid, 1mg/L of ammonium molybdate and 0.5mg/L of boric acid, and a small amount of base fertilizer is added into a matrix to prepare a slow release fertilizer. 3. The formula issued by the agricultural intelligent rapid propagation center of the agricultural sciences of Lishui city of Zhejiang province: ca (NO) 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O 563mg/L，(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 185 mg/L，K 2 SO 4 261 mg/L，MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 271mg/L，(NH 4 )H 2 PO 4 115 mg/L. The formulas are researched based on specific conditions, and have a certain degree of specificity in the use process, and the nutrient solution management scheme matched with the water and fertilizer integrated technology under the condition of organic matrix cultivation is freshly researched.
Aiming at the problems that the formula specificity of blueberry nutrient solution is strong, the difference among the formulas is large, the matched nutrient solution management schemes combined with the water and fertilizer integrated technology are less and the like, the invention provides the formula of the nutrient solution for cultivating blueberries by using a matrix, and the formula is further screened and optimized by combining the research results of the former, so that the growth and development of blueberries are promoted, the fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved, and a new formula and a new technology are provided for the production of blueberries in facilities in China.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems existing in the background technology, the invention provides a nutrient solution formula for cultivating blueberries by using a matrix, so that the application of the nutrient solution is improved, the fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved, and the growth and development of the blueberries are promoted.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme:
a nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries, which comprises the following components in each liter of nutrient solution: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 678.93-944.60mg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 142.63-236.95mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 281.45-465.13mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 580-700mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 400-520mg/L; potassium sulfate: 274.46-457.43mg/L.
Further, the nutrient solution comprises the following components in each liter: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 678.93mg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 149.53mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 294.01mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 365.9mg/L.
Further, the nutrient solution also comprises trace elements, and each liter of nutrient solution contains the following trace elements: mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：1.8-2.5mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.5-3.1mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.06-0.12mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.18-0.25mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.01-0.05mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA：40-60mg/L。
Further, the following microelements are contained in each liter of nutrient solution: mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA：50mg/L。
Further, the pH value of the nutrient solution is 4.5-5.5.
Further, the pH of the nutrient solution was 4.8.
Further, the preparation method of the nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries comprises the following steps: weighing calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, potassium sulfate and MnSO 4 ·4H 2 O、H 3 BO 3 、CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O、ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O、(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O and Na 2 Adding Fe-EDTA into 650mL of water, stirring uniformly and fixing the volume to 1L, and regulating the pH with concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain the product.
Further, concentrated sulfuric acid is used to adjust the pH of the solution after the volume is fixed.
Further, the conductivity of the nutrient solution is diluted to 0.9-1.1mS/cm when in use.
Further, the conductivity of the nutrient solution was diluted to 0.9mS/cm at the time of use.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has no problemsThe formula of the nutrient solution for cultivating blueberries by using the soil matrix is further screened and optimized, the nitrogen fertilizer level is reduced, and NH is used 4 + -N:NO 3 - The formula of the nutrient solution is formulated according to the N molar concentration ratio of 50:50, and the nutrient solution prepared by the formula of the invention can promote the growth and development of blueberries and improve the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer. The nutrient solution prepared by the formula can promote germination of blueberry-based branches, accelerate growth of the branches, improve stress resistance of plants, and provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for blueberry production by matrix cultivation.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries
Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 944.60mg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 189.79mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 373.29mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 365.9mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA:50mg/L; the pH of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 4.8 with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Example 2
Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries
708.45mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 142.63mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 281.45mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 365.9mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA:50mg/L; the pH of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 4.8 with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Example 3
Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries
Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 1180.75mg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 236.95mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 465.13mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 365.9mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA:50mg/L; the pH of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 4.8 with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Example 4
Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries
Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 944.60mg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 189.79mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 373.29mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 274.46mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA:50mg/L; the pH of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 4.8 with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Example 5
Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries
Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 944.60mg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 189.79mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 373.29mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 457.43mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA:50mg/L; the pH of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 4.8 with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Example 6
Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 299.07mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 588.02mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 365.9mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA:50mg/L; the pH of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 4.8 with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Example 7
Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries
340.06mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 224.30mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 441.34mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 365.9mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA:50mg/L; the pH of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 4.8 with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Example 8
Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries
678.93mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 149.53mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 294.01mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 365.9mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA:50mg/L; the pH of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 4.8 with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Example 9
Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries
1018.99mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 74.77mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 147.33mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 365.9mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA:50mg/L; the pH of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 4.8 with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Example 10
Nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries
Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 1357.86mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 365.9mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA:50mg/L; the pH of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 4.8 with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Comparative example 1
Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 945mg/L; potassium nitrate: 607mg/L; ammonium phosphate: 115mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 493mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA：50mg/L。
Comparative example 2
Blueberry culture solution formula
The formulation in this comparative example was a japanese garden test formulation.
Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 945mg/L; potassium nitrate: 809mg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 153mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 493mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA：50mg/L。
Comparative example 3
Blueberry culture solution formula
The formula in the comparative example is derived from a second self-grinding formula of research on the influence of different nutrient solution formulas on the growth of blueberry seedlings.
Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 1082.77mg/L; ammonium nitrate: 278.54mg/L; dipotassium hydrogen phosphate: 141.61mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 223.91mg/L; potassium sulfate: 166.46mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 708.17mg/L; naFe-EDTA:38.34mg/L; na (Na) 2 Fe-EDTA：40.74mg/L；
Comparative example 4 blueberry aeroponic formula
Blueberry culture solution formula
The formulation of this comparative example was from the formulation issued by the agricultural intelligent rapid propagation center of the department of agriculture, lishui, zhejiang.
Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 563mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 185mg/L; potassium sulfate: 261mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 271mg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 115mg/L; mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA：50mg/L。
Test example 1
And selecting blueberry seedlings which are free of plant diseases and insect pests and mechanical damage, strong and neat in root system and about 30cm in height as test materials. The cultivation substrate is prepared by peat: coconut husk: perlite = 1:1:1 formulation, planted in square cultivation pots of 26cm x 30cm (length x width x height) format.
Each test was divided into 5 treatments (treatment with nutrient solution as in example 1 and comparative examples 1-4) and each treatment was 18 blueberry plants. After field planting, drip irrigation is carried out for 3 days (8 times a day, 100mL of clear water is used for seedling reviving each time, and treatment is started after 3 days. The conductivity of the nutrient solution is set to be 0.9mS/cm., and after 90 days of treatment, growth and physiological indexes such as the growth quantity of the blueberry extension branch, the quantity and growth quantity of basal branches, the chlorophyll content, light and parameters, the mineral element content and the like are measured to determine the optimal nutrient solution condition of the blueberry.
In tables 1-3, example 1 is a nutrient solution formulation for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries according to the present invention, and comparative examples 1-4 are prior art formulations.
TABLE 1 influence of different nutrient solutions of example 1 and comparative examples 1-4 on blueberry growth index
From the results in table 1, it can be seen that the growth morphology of the blueberries is significantly affected after 90 days of treatment with different nutrient solutions. As can be seen from the table, the treatment with the nutrient solution of example 1 had the greatest increase in the length of the extended shoots, the greatest increase in the height of the extended shoots and the length of the basal shoots, which were 1.97mm, 25.61cm and 3.58mm, respectively, wherein the increase in the length of the extended shoots was significantly higher than the other four treatments. The number of basal shoots treated with the nutrient solutions of comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 exceeds 4 shoots per plant, and 1.89 and 1.56 shoots per plant are respectively more than that treated with the nutrient solution of comparative example 4, which shows that the germination capacity of the plant is strong under the treatment of the nutrient solutions of comparative example 2 and comparative example 3. The top projected area of the treatment with the nutrient solution of example 1 was significantly higher than the other four treatments, indicating greater lateral growth. In summary, the nutrient solution formulation of example 1 is more beneficial to germination of basal shoots of blueberries and growth of plants.
TABLE 2 Effect of different nutrient solutions of example 1 and comparative examples 1-4 on blueberry physiological index
As can be seen from table 2, the different nutrient solution formulations have a significant impact on the physiological index of blueberry. The net photosynthetic rate of treatment with the nutrient solution of example 1 was significantly higher than that of treatment with the nutrient solutions of comparative examples 1, 3 and 4, reaching 7.58. Mu. Mol.l.m -2 ·s -1 It is demonstrated that the nutrient solution formulation treated with the nutrient solution of example 1 is more beneficial to the photosynthesis of blueberry leaves. The soluble sugar content of the treatment with the nutrient solution of example 1 was significantly higher than the other treatments, increased by 10.90%, 29.67%, 32.64% and 33.61%, respectively, compared to the other four treatments. There was no significant difference in carbon to nitrogen ratio with the nutrient solutions of comparative examples 1, 2 and example 1, but significantly higher than with the nutrient solutions of comparative examples 3 and 4. SOD activity was maximized with the nutrient solution treatment of example 1 and the difference was significant compared to the other treatments. The highest MDA content with the nutrient solution of comparative example 2 and the lowest MDA content with the nutrient solution of example 1 indicate that the blueberry plants treated with the nutrient solution of comparative example 2 are subjected to the greatest stress, while the blueberry plants treated with the nutrient solution of example 1 are subjected to the least stress. In summary, the treatment with the nutrient solution of example 1 is more beneficial to photosynthesis and accumulation of organic matters in blueberry leaves, and has stronger stress resistance.
TABLE 3 effects of different nutrient solutions of example 1 and comparative examples 1-4 on mineral elements of blueberry leaves
From the results in table 3, it can be seen that the blueberry leaves treated with different nutrient solution formulations have different accumulation conditions for different mineral elements, and the differences are significant. Treatment of leaves with the nutrient solution of comparative example 3 resulted in significantly higher accumulation of N element than other treatments; the accumulation of P and Mg elements in the leaves treated with the nutrient solution of example 1 is significantly higher than in the other treatments; treatment of leaves with the nutrient solution of comparative example 4 showed significantly higher accumulation of Ca element than other treatments; treatment of the leaves with the nutrient solution of comparative example 1 resulted in a significantly higher accumulation of Fe element than the other treatments; the content of the K element of each treatment blade has no significant difference.
Combining the results of tables 1-3, blueberry treated with the nutrient solution of example 1 exhibited significant growth advantages over other nutrient solution formulations under hydroponic conditions: the basal branches of blueberries are high in germination speed and number, the growth quantity and photosynthetic capacity of the branches are strongest, the SOD activity and the soluble sugar content of plant leaves are obviously increased, and the accumulation of mineral elements P, mg of the leaves is obviously increased.
Test example 2
And selecting blueberry seedlings which are free of plant diseases and insect pests and mechanical damage, strong and neat in root system and about 30cm in height as test materials. The cultivation substrate is prepared by peat: coconut husk: perlite = 1:1:1 formulation, planted in square cultivation pots of 26cm x 30cm (length x width x height) format.
Each test was divided into 5 treatments (treatments with nutrient solutions as in examples 1-5) and 18 blueberry plants per treatment. Drip irrigation for 3 days after field planting (8 times per day, 100mL of clear water is used for seedling reviving each time, and treatment is started after 3 days, the conductivity of the nutrient solution is set to be 0.9mS/cm, the content of trace elements in each treatment is shown in Table 1, and after 90 days of treatment, the growth and physiological indexes such as the growth amount, the number of basal branches, the growth amount, the chlorophyll content, the light and parameters, the mineral element content and the like of the blueberry are measured to determine the optimal nutrient solution condition of the blueberry.
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the concentrations of N elements are changed in the embodiments 2 and 3, and the concentrations of the rest elements are unchanged, wherein the concentration of N in the embodiment 2 is low nitrogen, and the concentration of N in the embodiment 3 is high nitrogen; examples 4 and 5 varied the concentration of the K element, with the remaining element concentrations unchanged, with example 4 being low potassium and example 5 being high potassium.
TABLE 4 effects of different nutrient solutions on blueberry growth indicators examples 1-5
The number in Table 4It was shown that the treatment of the nutrient solutions of example 2 and example 1 showed significantly higher increase in the thickness of the extended shoots than the other three treatments. The number of basal shoots, the thickness of basal shoots and the projected area of the top of basal shoots treated by the nutrient solution of the embodiment 2 are obviously higher than those of the other four treatments, and reach 5.89mm, 2.01 per plant and 2630.45cm respectively 2 . Overall, the use of the nutrient solution treatment of example 2 was more beneficial to the germination and growth of the basal shoots of blueberries.
TABLE 5 effects of different nutrient solutions on blueberry physiological index examples 1-5
As can be seen from Table 5, the net photosynthetic rate of the blueberry leaves gradually decreased with increasing nitrogen level, gradually increased with increasing potassium level, and reached a maximum of 5.28. Mu. Mol.m during low nitrogen treatment -2 ·s -1 . The soluble sugar content of the leaves treated with the nutrient solution of example 2 was significantly higher than the other four treatments, 32.39% improvement over the control. The starch content in the leaves tended to increase gradually with increasing nitrogen levels, but decreased gradually with increasing potassium levels. The blueberry leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio with the nutrient solution of example 2 is significantly higher than with the other treatments. In summary, the low nitrogen (using the nutrient solution of example 2) treatment is more beneficial to photosynthesis and carbohydrate accumulation, and carbon nitrogen metabolism is strongest.
TABLE 6 effects of different nutrient solutions on mineral element content of blueberry leaves examples 1-5
The data in Table 6 shows that the leaf treated with the nutrient solution of example 3 had the highest N content and the leaf treated with the nutrient solution of example 4 had the lowest N content. The P content of the leaves treated with the nutrient solution of example 2 was significantly higher than the other four treatments and increased by 11.41% compared to the treatment with the nutrient solution of example 1. The K content in the leaves tended to increase and then decrease with increasing nitrogen and potassium levels in the nutrient solution, both of which were maximized when treated with the nutrient solution of example 1. The Ca content in the blueberry leaves tends to increase and then decrease with the increase of the nitrogen level and the potassium level. The highest Mg content of the leaves treated with the nutrient solution of example 2 reached 2.92Mg/g. The treatment with the nutrient solution of example 5 is more favorable for the accumulation of Fe content in blueberry leaves, and is improved by 4.59 percent compared with the treatment with the nutrient solution of example 1.
Combining the results of tables 3-6, the use of the nutrient solution (low nitrogen) treatment of example 2 promotes germination and growth of blueberry-based shoots, and increases light and power, soluble sugar content, and carbon nitrogen metabolizing capacity as compared to the other four treatments.
Test example 3
And selecting blueberry seedlings which are free of plant diseases and insect pests and mechanical damage, strong and neat in root system and about 30cm in height as test materials. The cultivation substrate is prepared by peat: coconut husk: perlite = 1:1:1 formulation, planted in square cultivation pots of 26cm x 30cm (length x width x height) format.
Each test was divided into 5 treatments (treatments with nutrient solutions as in examples 6-10) and 18 blueberry plants per treatment. Drip irrigation for 3 days after field planting (8 times per day, 100mL of clear water is used for seedling reviving each time, and treatment is started after 3 days, the conductivity of the nutrient solution is set to be 0.9mS/cm, the content of trace elements in each treatment is shown in Table 1, and after 90 days of treatment, the growth and physiological indexes such as the growth amount, the number of basal branches, the growth amount, the chlorophyll content, the light and parameters, the mineral element content and the like of the blueberry are measured to determine the optimal nutrient solution condition of the blueberry.
In examples 6 to 10, the ammonia nitrogen NH in the nutrient solution was modified 4 + -N and nitrate nitrogen NO 3 - Molar concentration ratio of-N, wherein NH in example 6 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=100:0, NH in example 7 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=25:75, NH in example 8 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=50:50, NH in example 9 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=25:75, examplesNH in 10 4 + -N:NO 3 - -N＝0:100。
TABLE 7 effects of different nutrient solutions on blueberry growth indicators examples 6-10
As can be seen from Table 7, the plant has a large increase in length of the extension branch, a large length of the basal branch and a long length of the basal branch along with NH application 4 + -N/NO 3 - The decrease in the N ratio tended to increase and decrease in the use of example 8 (NH 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=50:50) nutrient solution treatment. Using example 7 (NH) 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=25:75) the top projected area and basal shoot number of the nutrient solution treatment were significantly higher than the other four treatments, reaching 2.94 per plant and 4406.65cm, respectively 2 . In general, a lower proportion of the catalyst of example 7 (NH 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=25:75) ammonium nitrate nitrogen promotes germination of plant-based shoots, whereas a suitable ratio of example 8 (NH 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=50:50) will be more favorable for the growth of basal and prolonged shoots.
TABLE 8 Effect of different nutrient solutions on blueberry physiological index examples 6-10
From Table 8, it can be seen that the net photosynthetic rate of blueberry leaf blades is a function of NH application 4 + -N/NO 3 - The decrease in the N ratio tended to increase and decrease in the use of example 8 (NH 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=50:50) nutrient solution treatment. Using example 7 (NH) 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=25:75) nutrient solution treated with the highest soluble sugar content of 10.64mg/g, andthe total ammonium treatment is improved by 21.88 percent. In using example 8 (NH) 4 + -N:NO 3 - N=50:50) the starch content and carbon to nitrogen ratio of the nutrient solution treatment were significantly higher than the other four treatments. The higher the proportion of the nitrate nitrogen is, the higher the SOD activity of the blade is and the maximum is reached during the full-nitrate treatment; the higher the proportion of ammonium nitrogen applied, the higher the leaf MDA content and the maximum is reached in the case of the total ammonium treatment. The improvement of the nitrate nitrogen proportion in the nutrient solution is beneficial to reducing the stress on blueberry plants.
TABLE 9 Effect of different nutrient solutions on mineral element content of blueberry leaves examples 6-10
The data in Table 9 shows that the N, P, ca, mg content of the blueberry leaves all tended to increase and decrease with increasing proportion of nitrate nitrogen applied, as demonstrated in example 7 (NH 4 + -N:NO 3 - The maximum N content in the leaves (17.46 mg/g) was reached when treated with the nutrient solution according to N=25:75, in the case of use of example 8 (NH) 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=50:50) the maximum P, ca, mg content was reached at 1.20Mg/g, 10.58Mg/g and 3.29Mg/g, respectively. As the proportion of nitrate nitrogen in the nutrient solution increases, the K content in the leaves gradually increases, and the Fe content gradually decreases.
As can be seen from a combination of the results of tables 6-9, NH is compared with other treatments 4 + -N:NO 3 - -n=25:75 (example 7) the number of base shoots and top projected area are significantly increased; NH (NH) 4 + -N:NO 3 - N=50:50 (example 8) promotes growth of the extender and base shoots, increases photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthetic capacity and P, ca, mg content in leaves.
As can be seen from the results of tables 1-9, the use of the nutrient solution formulation of example 8 allows for maximum production of blueberry with good quality and high efficiency.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples merely illustrate several embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries, which is characterized by comprising the following components in each liter of nutrient solution: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 678.93-944.60mg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 142.63-236.95mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 281.45-465.13mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 580-700mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 400-520mg/L; potassium sulfate: 274.46-457.43mg/L.
2. The nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivating blueberries according to claim 1, comprising the following components in each liter of nutrient solution: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate: 678.93mg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 149.53mg/L; ammonium sulfate: 294.01mg/L; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate: 641.34mg/L; disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate: 461.25mg/L; potassium sulfate: 365.9mg/L.
3. The nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivating blueberries according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution further comprises trace elements, and each liter of nutrient solution comprises the following trace elements: mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：1.8-2.5mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.5-3.1mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.06-0.12mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.18-0.25mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.01-0.05mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA：40-60mg/L。
4. A nutrient solution formulation for soilless substrate cultivated blueberries according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises the following microelements per liter of nutrient solution: mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O：2.13mg/L；H 3 BO 3 ：2.86mg/L；CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O：0.08mg/L；ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O：0.22mg/L；(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O：0.02mg/L；Na 2 Fe-EDTA：50mg/L。
5. The nutrient solution formulation for soilless substrate cultivating blueberries according to claim 1, wherein the pH value of the nutrient solution is 4.5-5.5.
6. The nutrient solution formulation for soilless substrate cultivated blueberries according to claim 5, wherein the pH of the nutrient solution is 4.8.
7. The method for preparing nutrient solution formula for soilless substrate cultivation of blueberries according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the weighed calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, disodium calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, potassium sulfate, mnSO 4 ·4H 2 O、H 3 BO 3 、CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O、ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O、(NH 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 12 ·4H 2 O and Na 2 And adding Fe-EDTA into 650mL of water, fully and uniformly stirring, fixing the volume to 1L, and regulating the pH value to obtain the nutrient solution for cultivating the blueberries in the soilless matrix.
8. The nutrient solution for soilless substrate cultivated blueberries according to claim 7, wherein concentrated sulfuric acid is used to adjust the pH of the solution after volume fixing.
9. The nutrient solution for soilless substrate cultivated blueberries according to claim 7, wherein the conductivity of the nutrient solution is diluted to 0.9-1.1mS/cm when in use.
10. The nutrient solution for soilless substrate cultivated blueberries according to claim 9, wherein the nutrient solution is diluted to 0.9mS/cm in conductivity in use.
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| CN105000939A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-10-28 | 天津农学院 | Soilless culture nutrient solution formula for blueberries |
| CN106613962A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-10 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Culture medium for rooting of tissue-cultured blueberry seedling and culturing method using same |
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| CN105000939A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-10-28 | 天津农学院 | Soilless culture nutrient solution formula for blueberries |
| CN106613962A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-10 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Culture medium for rooting of tissue-cultured blueberry seedling and culturing method using same |
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