CN116924398A - Method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste and product thereof - Google Patents
Method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste and product thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116924398A CN116924398A CN202310949947.6A CN202310949947A CN116924398A CN 116924398 A CN116924398 A CN 116924398A CN 202310949947 A CN202310949947 A CN 202310949947A CN 116924398 A CN116924398 A CN 116924398A
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- activated carbon
- solid waste
- municipal solid
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000253115 Carpesium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
- C01B32/324—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from waste materials, e.g. tyres or spent sulfite pulp liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/354—After-treatment
- C01B32/378—Purification
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste and a product thereof, belonging to the technical field of activated carbon preparation. The method of the application uses the municipal solid waste as raw materials, changes the municipal solid waste into valuables, has low preparation cost, realizes the reutilization of the solid waste, obtains raw material powder by compression dehydration, carbonization and crushing of the municipal solid waste, mixes the raw material powder with calcium oxide and sulfamic acid, carries out high-temperature activation treatment under protective atmosphere to obtain an activated product, and carries out acid leaching, washing, solid-liquid separation and drying of the activated product to constant weight to obtain the activated carbon. The method is simple, the conditions are easy to control, the popularization and the production are easier, and the prepared activated carbon has higher specific surface area.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of activated carbon preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste and a product thereof.
Background
The urban solid household garbage mainly refers to solid wastes generated in daily life or activities for providing service for the urban daily life, and with the improvement of the living standard of people, more and more urban solid household garbage is generated each year. At present, urban solid household garbage treatment modes mainly comprise three modes of sanitary landfill, high-temperature composting and incineration. However, the landfill treatment occupies a large amount of land, and harmful components in the garbage can cause serious pollution to the atmosphere, soil and water sources, so that the ecological environment is destroyed, and the human health is seriously endangered; the composting treatment needs to sort and classify the garbage, requires higher organic content of the garbage, and can not be reduced, and still occupies a large amount of land; the incineration is to oxidize the organic garbage into inert gas and inorganic non-combustible matters at high temperature and under sufficient oxygen supply to form stable solid residue. The reduction degree in the incineration process is high, the treatment period is short, the occupied area is small, and the application range is the widest.
For example, patent application No. 201310098361.X discloses a method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste, which comprises pre-treating municipal solid waste as raw material, drying, pulverizing, etc., adding KOH, and pyrolyzing and calcining to obtain activated carbon sample with specific surface area up to 646.32m 2 And/g. Although the method can successfully prepare the biochar, the alkali activator (KOH) used in the activation process has the alkali-carbon ratio of 2:1-4:1. Under the condition that the using amount of the activating agent is excessive, the biological carbon-based material is mechanically broken in the activation process, and the etched holes become new surfaces after being broken, so that the activating agent loses the ability of continuously etching the inside of the activated carbon in the existing holes to enable small holes to become large holes, thereby reducing the total hole volume and further reducing the specific surface area and the performance. Based on this, there is a need to propose a new method for preparing activated carbon using municipal solid waste.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste and a product thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application proposes the following technical solutions:
one of the technical schemes of the application is as follows:
a method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste comprises the following steps: the urban solid household garbage is subjected to compression dehydration, carbonization and crushing to obtain raw material powder, the raw material powder is mixed with calcium oxide and sulfamic acid, high-temperature activation treatment is performed under a protective atmosphere to obtain an activated product, and the activated product is subjected to acid leaching, washing, solid-liquid separation and drying to constant weight to obtain the activated carbon.
Further, the temperature of compression dehydration is 100-120 ℃, and the water content is less than or equal to 15%. The municipal solid waste is often high in water content, and the water content in the municipal solid waste is reduced through compression and dehydration to obtain dry carbon source powder, so that the subsequent carbonization and activation are facilitated.
Further, the carbonization temperature is 200-400 ℃ and the carbonization time is 1-4 h. The carbonization process can lead the surface part of the raw material powder to form a pore canal structure, has high specific surface area, and the pore canal structure is more favorable for mixing with calcium oxide and sulfamic acid, so that the calcium oxide and sulfamic acid particles are combined with the raw material powder in an embedding way.
Further, the crushing is performed to 100-200 meshes.
Further, the mass ratio of the raw material powder to the calcium oxide to the sulfamic acid is 10:4-6:1-3. In the preparation process, the raw material powder is firstly mixed with calcium oxide, the mechanical strength of the raw material powder can be improved by adding the calcium oxide, the raw material is not mechanically broken in the high-temperature activation treatment process, then the raw material powder is mixed with sulfamic acid, and the active carbon raw material is uniformly distributed to form mesopores after the high-temperature activation treatment, so that the specific surface area of the active carbon is improved.
Further, the protective atmosphere is nitrogen or argon.
Further, the temperature of the high-temperature activation treatment is 500-750 ℃, and the activation time is 1-2.5 h. The activated carbon material with macroporous, mesoporous and microporous multi-stage pore structures can be further formed in the high-temperature activation treatment process, and the specific surface area of the activated carbon is further improved.
Further, the acid used in the acid leaching process is hydrochloric acid and/or sulfuric acid, and the acid concentration is 0.5mol/L-2mol/L.
Further, the pickling time is 30-50 min. And (5) removing excessive calcium oxide and sulfamic acid through acid leaching.
Further, the washing is washing with water to neutrality.
The second technical scheme of the application is as follows:
the activated carbon prepared by the method for preparing activated carbon from the municipal solid waste.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and technical effects:
(1) The raw materials used in the application are municipal solid waste, most of the substances contained in the municipal solid waste are organic matters, the carbon source is rich, the objective conditions for preparing the activated carbon are provided, the waste is turned into wealth, the preparation cost is low, and the reutilization of solid waste is realized.
(2) The method is simple, the conditions are easy to control, the popularization and the production are easier, and the prepared activated carbon has higher specific surface area and can be further used in various fields such as sewage treatment, catalyst carriers, formaldehyde adsorption and the like.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the application will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the application, but rather as more detailed descriptions of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the application.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. In addition, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the ranges is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the application. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present application. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the application described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification of the present application. The specification and examples of the present application are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean an inclusion, but not limited to.
The application provides a method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste, which comprises the following steps: the urban solid household garbage is subjected to compression dehydration, carbonization and crushing to obtain raw material powder, the raw material powder is mixed with calcium oxide and sulfamic acid, high-temperature activation treatment is performed under a protective atmosphere to obtain an activated product, and the activated product is subjected to acid leaching, washing, solid-liquid separation and drying to constant weight to obtain the activated carbon.
Because the municipal solid waste is often high in water content, the water content in the municipal solid waste is reduced through compression and dehydration, and the dried carbon source powder can be obtained, so that the subsequent carbonization and activation are facilitated. Based on this, in the preparation process of the embodiment of the present application, the temperature of compression dehydration is 100 ℃ to 120 ℃, the water content is dehydrated to be less than or equal to 15%, for example, 100 ℃, 110 ℃ or 120 ℃, etc., but the present application is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed in the range of the values are equally applicable.
The carbonization process can lead the surface part of the raw material powder to form a pore canal structure, has high specific surface area, and the pore canal structure is more favorable for mixing with calcium oxide and sulfamic acid, so that the calcium oxide and sulfamic acid particles are combined with the raw material powder in an embedding way. Based on this, in the preparation process of the embodiment of the present application, the carbonization temperature is 200 ℃ to 400 ℃ for 1h to 4h, for example, the carbonization temperature is 200 ℃, 300 ℃ or 400 ℃ and the like, and the carbonization time is 1h, 2h or 4h and the like, but the present application is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed in the range of the values are equally applicable.
In the embodiment of the application, the crushing is performed to 100-200 meshes.
In the preparation process, the raw material powder is firstly mixed with calcium oxide, the mechanical strength of the raw material powder can be improved by adding the calcium oxide, the raw material is not mechanically broken in the high-temperature activation treatment process, then the raw material powder is mixed with sulfamic acid, and the active carbon raw material is uniformly distributed to form mesopores after the high-temperature activation treatment, so that the specific surface area of the active carbon is improved. In the embodiment of the application, the mass ratio of the raw material powder to the calcium oxide to the sulfamic acid is preferably 10:4-6:1-3.
In the embodiment of the application, the protective atmosphere is nitrogen or argon.
The activated carbon material with macroporous, mesoporous and microporous multi-stage pore structures can be further formed in the high-temperature activation treatment process, and the specific surface area of the activated carbon is further improved. Based on this, in the preparation process of the embodiment of the present application, the temperature of the high-temperature activation treatment is 500 ℃ to 750 ℃, the activation time is 1h to 2.5h, for example, the temperature of the high-temperature activation treatment is 500 ℃, 600 ℃ or 750 ℃, and the activation time is 1h, 2h or 2.5h, etc., but the present application is not limited to the listed values, and other non-listed values in the range of the values are equally applicable.
In the embodiment of the application, the acid used in the acid leaching process is hydrochloric acid and/or sulfuric acid, the acid concentration is 0.5mol/L-2mol/L, and the acid leaching time is 30min-50min.
In an embodiment of the application, the washing is washing with water to neutrality.
The urban solid household garbage used in the embodiment of the application is sourced from Kunming garbage disposal plants, and the garbage types comprise plastics, fabrics, waste paper and food residues, but the urban solid household garbage is not limited to the listed garbage types, and the proportion of various garbage is unlimited, and the water content is approximately equal to 68%.
The calcium oxide used in the examples of the present application was purchased from the manufacturing plant of Xuanguang mineral products in the Ministry of Carpesium and the sulfamic acid was purchased from the chemical industry Co., ltd.
The technical scheme of the application is further described by the following examples.
Example 1
Compression dehydration is carried out on municipal solid waste at 120 ℃ until the water content is=10%, then carbonization is carried out for 3 hours at 300 ℃, and crushing is carried out for 100 meshes-200 meshes, thus obtaining raw material powder, the raw material powder, calcium oxide and sulfamic acid are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10:5:2, high-temperature activation treatment is carried out under nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature of the high-temperature activation treatment is 600 ℃, the activation time is 1 hour, thus obtaining an activation product, the activation product is leached for 50 minutes by hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 1mol/L, washing is carried out to neutrality by deionized water, solid-liquid separation is carried out, and drying is carried out until the weight is constant, thus obtaining the activated carbon.
Example 2
Compression dehydration is carried out on municipal solid waste at 100 ℃ until the water content is=15%, then carbonization is carried out for 4 hours at 200 ℃, and crushing is carried out for 100 meshes-200 meshes, thus obtaining raw material powder, the raw material powder, calcium oxide and sulfamic acid are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10:6:1, high-temperature activation treatment is carried out under argon atmosphere, the temperature of the high-temperature activation treatment is 750 ℃, the activation time is 2 hours, thus obtaining an activation product, the activation product is subjected to acid leaching for 30 minutes by hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 0.5mol/L, washing is carried out to neutrality by deionized water, solid-liquid separation is carried out, and drying is carried out until the weight is constant, thus obtaining the activated carbon.
Example 3
Compression dehydration is carried out on municipal solid waste at 110 ℃ until the water content is=15%, then carbonization is carried out for 1h at 400 ℃, crushing is carried out for 100-200 meshes, raw material powder is obtained, the raw material powder, calcium oxide and sulfamic acid are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10:4:3, high-temperature activation treatment is carried out under nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature of the high-temperature activation treatment is 500 ℃, the activation time is 2.5h, an activation product is obtained, the activation product is leached with sulfuric acid with the concentration of 2mol/L for 40min, washing is carried out to neutrality by deionized water, solid-liquid separation is carried out, and drying is carried out until the weight is constant, thus obtaining the activated carbon.
Comparative example 1
The only difference from example 1 is that the step of compression dehydration was omitted:
carbonizing municipal solid waste at 300 ℃ for 3h, crushing to 100-200 meshes to obtain raw material powder, mixing the raw material powder with calcium oxide and sulfamic acid according to the mass ratio of 10:5:2, performing high-temperature activation treatment at 600 ℃ for 1h under nitrogen atmosphere to obtain an activated product, performing acid leaching on the activated product with hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 1mol/L for 50min, washing with deionized water to be neutral, performing solid-liquid separation, and drying to constant weight to obtain the activated carbon.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is only that the carbonization temperature is 150℃and the time is 6 hours.
Comparative example 3
The procedure of example 1 was repeated except that the addition of calcium oxide was omitted and the starting powder was mixed with sulfamic acid in a mass ratio of 10:2.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 was that the high temperature activation treatment was performed at 850℃for 4 hours.
Performance testing
The activated carbon prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 was subjected to measurement of specific surface area and total pore volume, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1, and the measurement standards are as follows:
specific surface area measurement standard: GB/T19587-2004
Total pore volume measurement standard: GB/T7702.20-1997
Table 1 results of the activated carbon performance test of examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from the data of table 1, the activated carbon prepared in the examples of the present application has a larger specific surface area and a higher total pore volume than the comparative examples, because: comparative example 1 omits the compression dehydration process, and under the condition of high water content of municipal solid waste, water forms water vapor at high temperature, so that the exhaust is not timely, and the carbonization process is affected; comparative example 2 changed the temperature and time of carbonization, resulting in the raw material failing to form a carbon source having a stable structure; comparative example 3 omits the addition of calcium oxide, and during the high-temperature activation treatment, the inside of the raw material is overheated, and the formed holes are broken, so that the sulfamic acid is prevented from further etching the pore channels; comparative example 4 is due to the change of the temperature and time of the high-temperature activation treatment, which damages the formation of the multi-stage pore structure of the activated carbon.
The raw materials used in the application are municipal solid waste, most of the substances contained in the municipal solid waste are organic matters, the carbon source is rich, the objective conditions for preparing the activated carbon are provided, the waste is turned into wealth, the preparation cost is low, and the reutilization of solid waste is realized. The method is simple, the conditions are easy to control, the popularization and the production are easier, and the prepared activated carbon has higher specific surface area and can be further used in various fields such as sewage treatment, catalyst carriers, formaldehyde adsorption and the like.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for preparing the activated carbon from the municipal solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the urban solid household garbage is subjected to compression dehydration, carbonization and crushing to obtain raw material powder, the raw material powder is mixed with calcium oxide and sulfamic acid, high-temperature activation treatment is performed under a protective atmosphere to obtain an activated product, and the activated product is subjected to acid leaching, washing, solid-liquid separation and drying to constant weight to obtain the activated carbon.
2. The method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of compression dehydration is 100-120 ℃ and the water content is 15% or less.
3. The method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization temperature is 200-400 ℃ and the carbonization time is 1-4 h.
4. The method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the pulverization is 100-200 mesh.
5. The method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the raw material powder to calcium oxide to sulfamic acid is 10:4-6:1-3.
6. The method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the high-temperature activation treatment is carried out at 500-750 ℃ for 1-2.5 h.
7. The method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the acid used in the acid leaching process is hydrochloric acid and/or sulfuric acid.
8. The method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste according to claim 7, wherein the acid leaching time is 30min to 50min.
9. The method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste according to claim 1, wherein said washing is performed with water to neutrality.
10. An activated carbon prepared by the method for preparing activated carbon from municipal solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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2023
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| CN116924398B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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