CN116908004A - Test evaluation method for mechanical property and usability of rotary stair - Google Patents
Test evaluation method for mechanical property and usability of rotary stair Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/14—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by dead weight, e.g. pendulum; generated by springs tension
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
Abstract
The invention discloses a test evaluation method for mechanical properties and usability of a rotating stair, and particularly relates to the technical field of building test evaluation, comprising S1, static loading test; s2, performing a vibration loading test; s4, monitoring stress and strain; s5, collecting data; s6, data comparison; s7, data security assessment, wherein each item of data is set to be a security early warning value. The invention designs 7 working conditions in total, the laser displacement meter target is fixed at the measured point, each item of data can be transmitted to the data processing and control subsystem through the data sub-database according to the field condition, further processing and analysis are carried out, various test data can be transmitted in real time through the processing of the software and hardware systems, each item of data is evaluated in time after the transmission, the test evaluation is more in time, and the test evaluation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building test evaluation, in particular to a test evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotary stair.
Background
The rotating stairway is difficult to accurately master the behavior characteristics of the rotating stairway under the actions of static force, earthquake and human actuation force load due to the complex structural characteristics and mechanical properties, particularly the human actuation force load, and the self-vibration frequency of the rotating stairway is low, so that the rotating stairway is easy to approach to the pedestrian step frequency or the frequency multiplication of the rotating stairway, further the vibration amplitude is increased, the discomfort of the pedestrians is caused, even resonance is generated, the failure of the integral stairway structure or the accelerated accumulation of fatigue damage is caused, and once disaster accidents occur, huge life and property losses can be caused. Therefore, after the rotating stair body is finished, the mechanical property and the service performance of the rotating stair body under the action of static load and manual force load under various working conditions are tested and evaluated.
According to the method, in the prior published literature, the patent of Chinese patent publication No. CN212844725U discloses an assembled stair mechanical property inspection system, aiming at the problem that the limit of the stair is caused by the inclined arrangement of the stair due to the large force applied by a jack of an external force application part during actual mechanical property test, and the inclined arrangement of the stair also easily slides down to have certain potential safety hazard; the pressure transmission component is placed on the stairs, the lower surface of the pressure transmission component is matched with a plurality of adjacent stepping surfaces on the stairs, so that the downward pressing mechanism can conveniently apply pressure on the stairs through the pressure transmission component, the pressure test on the stairs is convenient, the test platform drives the stairs to move, the stairs are conveyed to the position right below the downward pressing mechanism, the stairs can be conveniently and effectively hoisted, the effective limit on the stairs in the test is convenient, and the accuracy of experimental data is improved; however, the stair mechanical property inspection system has the following defects;
In the testing process, the stair mechanical property inspection system is difficult to realize real-time test and evaluation on each point of the whole stair, even if the test data are known, personnel are required to compare the standard data one by one, the test and evaluation on the mechanical property and the service performance of the rotating stair are difficult to be performed in time, the test and evaluation efficiency is low, and therefore the test and evaluation method for the mechanical property and the service performance of the rotating stair is required to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a test and evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotary stair.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a test evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotary stair comprises the following specific steps:
s1, static loading test, namely, according to the standard combination of a jig frame which is not dismantled yet after the stair main body is finished, the dead weight effect of the jig frame, the constant load effect, the constant load and the variable load, and the basic combination of the constant load and the variable load, in five basic stages, considering two arrangement modes of full distribution of the variable load and single-side spreading, designing 7 working conditions, carrying out test in two stages, carrying out loading for 10 minutes after each stage, and carrying out static loading test.
S2, performing induced vibration loading test, namely designing three loading modes, simulating 120 people of an induced vibration tester, and collecting and recording three induced vibration loading test data;
s3, finite element simulation and analysis are carried out on the rotating stair, finite element model analysis and calculation are carried out on the rotating stair, a stress cloud image and a displacement cloud image of the rotating stair under 7 working conditions are mainly calculated, the first 10-order modal information is extracted according to modal analysis results of the rotating stair in Midas, the 1 st order is a vertical vibration mode, the 2 nd to 10 th orders are all torsional and translational coupling modes, an acceleration sensor is longitudinally arranged along the stair, vertical acceleration is measured, and various data of the stress cloud image and the displacement cloud image are collected and recorded;
s4, monitoring stress strain, measuring the strain quantity of the surface of a structure, wherein a digital temperature sensor arranged in the vibrating wire strain gauge can synchronously measure the temperature of a distribution point and is used for temperature correction of the surface strain gauge, after the temperature correction is finished, selecting the positions of two supports of the rotating stair and the intersection position of a middle stair section and a platform section as measuring points, placing the vibrating wire strain gauge at the measuring point positions, testing strain quantity data through the vibrating wire strain gauge, recording data collection, and converting to obtain the strain quantity of the measured structure;
S5, collecting data, transmitting all data of a static loading test, all data of three kinds of induced vibration loading test data, stress cloud pictures and displacement cloud pictures and strain data in a wired mode or adopting a short-range module Zigbee and adopting 4G wireless signal transmission, and performing remote control by flexibly controlling an acquisition system of equipment, wherein a transmission module consists of a data transmission terminal and a data transmission host, and rapidly constructing data communication in a coverage inner area by virtue of mature RS485 connection, and collecting all data into a data sub-database;
s6, data comparison, namely, each item of data is transmitted to a data processing and control subsystem through a data sub-database, further processing and analysis are carried out, processing is carried out through a software system and a hardware system, and each item of data is compared with each item of data in a standard database, each item of data is compared sequentially from top to bottom, the compared data is subjected to preliminary analysis and response to instructions of a function module of a subsequent subsystem, the data processing and control subsystem realizes structured processing such as data query, storage and visualization, the data processing and control mainly comprises filtering and secondary processing of the data, original data or curves are used for displaying, and an APP and a PC end are used for displaying the original data or the original data in a curve form;
S7, evaluating data safety, namely setting a safety early warning value for each item of data, when each item of data does not exceed each item of data in a standard database, enabling an alarm to be in a closed state, and when each item of data exceeds each item of data in the standard database, enabling the alarm to send early warning information, wherein the early warning information is distributed and issued for 5-10 items through a wireless network, and enabling a person on duty to inform a site processor to arrive at the site to check abnormal points of a testing part of the rotating stair within 5-10 seconds, uploading the excluded abnormal point videos through a wireless network video after processing, and writing checking reasons and checking methods until the mechanical property and the service performance of the rotating stair are evaluated as normal state values.
Preferably, the three-dimensional stress strain data of the key section position and the deflection data of the overhanging end are mainly monitored under the static stacking effect in the S1, the deflection monitoring of the overhanging end adopts a laser range finder, a laser displacement meter target is fixed at a measured point and can be reinforced by a bar planting adhesive according to the field condition, the laser range finder is regulated, so that a laser spot is only at the center of the target, and data is recorded and stored once in each interval of 5-10S, two solid state disks are needed to be adopted during storage, the two solid state disks are mutually transmitted through a data wire harness, the 7 working condition testing sequences in the S1 are loaded sequentially from top to bottom, the stacking of the static stacking test adopts a sand bag and concrete balancing weight combination mode, the method comprises the steps of dividing a rotary stair into 4 slope sections and 4 platform sections, giving the sand weight and the number of balancing weights required by each working condition, when the loading of the current working condition is completed and the next working condition is entered, loading and unloading conditions exist, and the balancing weights are piled up when the load is arranged, wherein loading notes in S1 are that loading is suspended when primary early warning is carried out, loading is carried out for 30min, a strain value and a deformation value are measured every 10min, loading can be continued after data stabilization, loading is suspended when secondary early warning is carried out, loading is carried out for 30min, the development speed of stress and deformation is calculated every 10min, loading can be continued after data stabilization, loading is stopped when the development speed of stress and deformation is too fast, loading is stopped when tertiary early warning is carried out, and loading is stopped according to the reverse sequence of loading sequence.
Preferably, the three loading modes in the step 2 are respectively that the first loading mode is that people in an ordered arrangement walk through a stair structure, the people are divided into a plurality of rows during analysis, the people pass through a part of the stair structure area according to a certain walking sequence, the walking frequency, the walking speed and the dynamic load factor of each person in the crowd load are the same, the phases of all the rows of people are different, and the phases of the same row of people are consistent; the second loading mode can be a random number with the walking frequency, the walking speed, the phase and the position of each person in a certain range and can be used for walking through a stair structure by randomly distributing people, the mode reflects the randomness of the walking load of the people in the actual service process of the stair, the second loading mode can also be used as a data sample for identifying the subsequent dynamic characteristics, the third loading mode adopts a Bounce load, the main people are fully distributed on the stair according to the density of 1.5 people/m < 2 >, the main people jump in situ at a designated frequency, the mode can judge whether the common loading frequency of the people is close to the self-vibration frequency of the stair and measure the amplitude level of the stair after the common loading frequency is close to a resonance interval, a tablet personal computer is used for inputting and recording when the two groups of data are collected and recorded in S2, and the two groups of data are recorded in 5-10S.
Preferably, in the step S3, 7 processing calculation hosts and 7 displays are required to be prepared for the stress cloud image and the displacement cloud image of the rotating stair under 7 working conditions, the 7 displays are sequentially arranged in an equidistant manner from left to right, the size of each display is 19-32 inches, and the calculation hosts are connected with the displays through HDMI data lines.
Preferably, in the method for calculating the vibrating wire strain gauge in S4, when the structure to be measured is strained, the mounting supports at the left end and the right end of the vibrating wire strain gauge generate relative displacement and transmit the relative displacement to the steel wire, so that the stress of the steel wire is changed, the natural frequency of the steel wire is changed, the measuring instrument outputs a pulse signal, the steel wire is excited by the coil, the frequency of the signal induced by the coil is detected, and the square of the vibration frequency is proportional to the strain of the strain gauge.
Preferably, the 4G wireless signal transmission in S5 adopts an OFDMA multi-user access technology, which divides a frequency spectrum into a plurality of subcarriers, and simultaneously transmits data transmission of a plurality of users in each time slot, or adopts a MIMO multiple-input multiple-output technology, and uses a plurality of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas to realize data transmission.
Preferably, the curves in S6 are shown using a region graph, each class of curves is filled with a different color or pattern to form a different region, or a contour graph is used, which connects data points of the same class to form curves with different colors or line widths.
Only the dead weight effect is considered and only the jig frame is removed when the jig frame is not removed according to the completion of the stair bodyConsidering the dead weight effect, the constant load effect, the standard combination of constant load and live load and the basic combination of constant load and live load, five basic stages, considering two arrangement modes of full live load cloth and single-side live load cloth, 7 working conditions are designed in total: (1) only the dead weight is considered when the lower tire frame is not dismantled; (2) only the dead weight is considered after the lower tire frame is removed; (3) considering only D, fully spreading the load; (4) considering D+L, fully paving the load; (5) considering D+L, and spreading live load; (6) consider 1.3D+1.5L, full load paving; (7) consider a 1.3D+1.5L live load bias. Wherein the constant load d=250 kg/m 2 Live load l=400 kg/m 2 . The inclined section load of the stair adopts a sand bag, and the platform section load adopts a combination of a concrete balancing weight and the sand bag.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
according to the invention, 7 working conditions are designed, the test is carried out in two stages, each stage of loading is carried out for 10min, as the main body of the rotary stair is finished, no step and surface layer construction are carried out, the surface of the stair is divided into a smooth slope section and a platform section, a grid frame is designed at the slope section of the stair, three-dimensional stress strain data of the key section position and deflection data of the cantilever end are mainly monitored under the static stacking effect, the deflection monitoring of the cantilever end adopts a laser range finder, a laser displacement meter target is fixed at a measured point and can be used for carrying out further processing and analysis by a data sub-database to a data processing and control subsystem according to the field condition, and various test data can be timely evaluated after being transmitted by fully comparing with various data in a standard database, so that the test evaluation efficiency is improved;
According to the invention, a digital temperature sensor arranged in the vibrating wire type strain gauge can synchronously measure the temperature of a setting point and is used for temperature correction of the surface type strain gauge, after the temperature correction is finished, according to the result of finite element simulation static force loading, the left and right end mounting supports of the vibrating wire type strain gauge generate relative displacement and transmit the relative displacement to a steel wire, so that the stress of the steel wire is changed, the natural frequency of the steel wire is changed, a pulse signal is output by a measuring instrument, various data of a static force loading test, three kinds of induced vibration loading test data, stress cloud images and various data of displacement cloud images and strain data are transmitted in a wired mode or a short-range module Zigbee and 4G wireless signal transmission are adopted, so that the calibration effect on various data can be realized during the transmission test, data errors are reduced, and meanwhile, the data are rapidly collected into a data sub-database for comparison, and the data comparison efficiency is improved;
according to the invention, each item of data is set to be a safety early warning value, when each item of data does not exceed each item of data in a standard database, the alarm is in a closed state, when each item of data exceeds each item of data in the standard database, the alarm sends out early warning information, on-duty personnel needs to inform on-site processing personnel of reaching the site to check abnormal points of a rotating stair test part within 5 seconds, after processing, the standing horse uploads the excluded abnormal point video through a wireless network video, so that evaluation can be realized on the test part in time, and the abnormal position can be processed in time, and potential safety hazards can be processed and evaluated in time;
In conclusion, through the mutual influence of the effects, firstly, all data of a static loading test, all data of a stress cloud image and a displacement cloud image and strain data are transmitted in a wired mode, or a short-range module Zigbee is adopted, and 4G wireless signal transmission is adopted, and then, all data in a standard database are fully compared, so that all test data can be transmitted in real time, finally, the test part is evaluated in time, abnormal evaluation positions are processed in time, and the test evaluation of the mechanical property and the service performance of the rotary stair is more timely, so that the test evaluation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the arrangement of stress strain and displacement gauges in a method for testing and evaluating the mechanical properties and the service performance of a rotating stair according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a section of strain gauge 1-1 in a method for testing and evaluating mechanical properties and performance of a rotating stair according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of section 2-2 of the method for evaluating mechanical properties and performance properties of a rotating stair according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of acceleration sensor placement in a method for testing and evaluating mechanical and performance properties of a rotating stair according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a three-view of acceleration sensor in a test evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotating stair according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a stress cloud image (a) and a displacement cloud image (b) in a test evaluation method of mechanical properties and service properties of a spiral stair.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The following three examples were obtained by a test evaluation method for mechanical properties and service properties of a rotating stairway as shown in fig. 1 to 6.
Three sets of embodiments require the precise placement of the stress strain and displacement gauges in accordance with the stress strain and displacement gauge layout of fig. 1, and the strain gauge primary distribution location diagram also requires the viewing of the two cross-sectional views through fig. 2 and 3 of the respective nodal strain gauge and displacement gauge locations. Strain gauges 1 and 2 are respectively installed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the stairs and correspond to each other, strain gauges 6 and 8 are installed on the lower surface of the stairs, and the rest strain gauges are respectively arranged on the upper surface. The displacement meter is arranged on the lower surface of the stairs.
The placement positions of the acceleration sensors are mainly seen in fig. 4, fig. 4 clearly shows the placement positions of the acceleration sensors, and specific patterns of the acceleration sensors in the directions of the acceleration sensors need to be referred to in fig. 5, so that the specific shapes of the acceleration sensors can be known.
Example 1
A test evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotary stair comprises the following specific steps:
s1, static loading test, namely, according to the standard combination of the dead weight effect, the constant load and the live load of a stairway main body, the basic combination of the constant load and the live load, and the five basic stages, considering two arrangement modes of full cloth and single side spreading of the live load, designing 7 working conditions in total, and loading the 7 working conditions in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the stacking load of the static loading test adopts a sand bag and concrete balancing weight combination mode to divide the rotating stairway into 4 slope sections and 4 platform sections, the quantity of sand weight and balancing weight required by each working condition is given, when the loading of the current working condition is completed to enter the next working condition, loading and unloading conditions exist, the balance weight stacking load is carried out during load arrangement, the test is carried out in two stages, each stage loading is carried out for 10min, and no construction of steps and surface layers is carried out due to the completion of the rotating stairway main body, the surface of the stair is divided into a smooth slope section and a platform section, a grid frame is designed on the slope section of the stair, three-dimensional stress strain data of the key section position and deflection data of the overhanging end are mainly monitored under the action of static pile load, the overhanging end deflection is monitored by adopting a laser range finder, a laser displacement meter target is fixed at a measured point and can be reinforced by using a bar planting adhesive according to the site situation, the laser range finder is regulated, so that a laser spot can be at the center of the target, data are recorded and stored once every 5 seconds, two solid state disks are needed to be adopted during storage, the two solid state disks are mutually transmitted through a data wire harness, loading precautions are that loading is stopped until the first-stage early warning, loading is carried out for 30 minutes, a strain value and a deformation value are measured once every 10 minutes, loading can be continued after the data are stabilized, loading is stopped until the second-stage early warning is achieved, the loading is carried out for 30 minutes, and the development speed of stress and deformation is calculated every 10 minutes, if the development speed of stress and deformation is too high, stopping loading when three-level early warning is achieved, grading unloading according to the reverse sequence of the loading sequence, and after static loading test is finished, re-polishing the welding seam of the upper surface of the rotating stair at the site splicing welding seam and the position with larger stress and entrusting detection unit flaw detection, and counting all data of the static loading test after no damage is confirmed;
S2, a human vibration loading test is performed, three loading modes are designed, 120 people of a human vibration test person are simulated, the three loading modes are respectively that the first loading mode is that people in an ordered arrangement walk through a stair structure, the people are divided into a plurality of rows during analysis, the people pass through part of the stair structure area according to a certain walking sequence, the step frequency, the step speed and the dynamic load factor of each person in the crowd load are the same, the phases of the people in each row are different, and the phases of the people in each row are identical; the second loading mode can be a random number with the walking frequency, the walking speed, the phase and the position of each person in a certain range through a stair structure by randomly distributing people, the mode reflects the randomness of the walking load of the people in the actual service process of the stair, the second loading mode can also be used as a data sample for identifying the subsequent dynamic characteristics, the third loading mode adopts a Bounce load, the main group is fully distributed on the stair according to the density of 1.5 people/m < 2 >, the main group hops in situ at a designated frequency, the mode can judge whether the common loading frequency of the group is close to the natural vibration frequency of the stair, and the amplitude level of the stair after the common loading frequency approaches a resonance interval is measured, three kinds of vibration loading test data are collected and recorded by adopting a tablet computer, two groups of data are required to be recorded simultaneously during collection and recording, and the two groups of data are required to be recorded in 5S;
S3, finite element simulation and analysis are carried out on the rotary stair, finite element model analysis and calculation are carried out on the rotary stair, stress cloud patterns and displacement cloud patterns of the rotary stair under 7 working conditions are mainly calculated, 7 processing calculation hosts and 7 displays are needed to be prepared for the stress cloud patterns and the displacement cloud patterns of the rotary stair under 7 working conditions, the 7 displays are sequentially arranged in an equidistant mode from left to right, the size of each display is set to be 19-32 inches, the calculation hosts are connected with the displays through HDMI data lines, according to modal analysis results of the rotary stair in Midas, first 10-order modal information is extracted, the 1 st order is a vertical vibration mode, the 2 nd order is a torsional and translational coupling mode, acceleration sensors are longitudinally arranged along the stair, vertical acceleration is measured, and all data of the stress cloud patterns and the displacement cloud patterns are collected and recorded;
s4, monitoring stress strain, measuring the strain quantity of the surface of a structure, wherein a digital temperature sensor is arranged in the vibrating wire type strain gauge and can synchronously measure the temperature of a set point, the temperature sensor is used for temperature correction of the surface type strain gauge, two supports of a rotating stair are selected according to the result of finite element simulation static loading after the temperature correction is finished, the position where the middle building section intersects with the platform section is taken as a measuring point, the vibrating wire type strain gauge is placed at the measuring point, the calculating method of the vibrating wire type strain gauge is that when the structure to be measured is strained, the supports at the left end and the right end of the vibrating wire type strain gauge produce relative displacement and transmit the relative displacement to a steel wire, so that the stress of the steel wire is changed, the natural frequency of the steel wire is changed, a pulse signal is output by a measuring instrument, the frequency of the steel wire is excited by a coil, the square of the vibration frequency is directly proportional to the strain quantity data of the strain gauge is tested by the vibrating wire type strain gauge, the data are collected and recorded, and the strain quantity of the structure to be measured is converted;
S5, collecting data, transmitting all data of static loading test, all data of three kinds of induced vibration loading test, stress cloud pictures and displacement cloud pictures and strain data in a wired mode or adopting a short-range module Zigbee and adopting 4G wireless signal transmission, wherein the 4G wireless signal transmission adopts an OFDMA multi-user access technology, the frequency spectrum is divided into a plurality of sub-carriers, the data transmission of a plurality of users is simultaneously transmitted in each time slot, the remote control is carried out by flexibly controlling the acquisition system of equipment, the transmission module consists of a data transmission terminal and a data transmission host, and the data communication is quickly built in a coverage inner area by virtue of mature RS485 connection, so that all data are collected in a data sub-database;
s6, data comparison, namely, each item of data is transmitted to a data processing and control subsystem through a data sub-database, further processing and analysis are carried out, each item of data is fully compared with each item of data in a standard database through processing of a software system and a hardware system, each item of data is sequentially compared from top to bottom, the compared data is subjected to preliminary analysis and response to instructions of a function module of a subsequent subsystem, the data processing and control subsystem realizes structured processing such as data query, storage and visualization, the data processing and control mainly comprises filtering and secondary processing of the data, and the data is displayed by original data or curves, the curves are displayed by regional graphs, each category of curves are filled with different colors or patterns to form different areas, and an APP end and a PC end carry out original data or display in a curve form;
S7, evaluating data safety, namely setting a safety early warning value for each item of data, when each item of data does not exceed each item of data in a standard database, enabling an alarm to be in a closed state, and when each item of data exceeds each item of data in the standard database, enabling the alarm to send early warning information, wherein the early warning information is distributed and issued through a wireless network, and enabling a person on duty to inform a person on site to arrive at a site to check abnormal points of a testing position of the rotating stair within 5 seconds, uploading the excluded abnormal point video through a wireless network video after processing, and writing a checking reason and a checking method until the mechanical property and the service property of the rotating stair are evaluated as normal state values.
Example 2
A test evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotary stair comprises the following specific steps:
s1, static loading test, namely, according to the standard combination of the dead weight effect, the constant load and the live load of a stairway main body, the basic combination of the constant load and the live load, and the five basic stages, considering two arrangement modes of full cloth and single side spreading of the live load, designing 7 working conditions in total, and loading the 7 working conditions in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the stacking load of the static loading test adopts a sand bag and concrete balancing weight combination mode to divide the rotating stairway into 4 slope sections and 4 platform sections, the quantity of sand weight and balancing weight required by each working condition is given, when the loading of the current working condition is completed to enter the next working condition, loading and unloading conditions exist, the balance weight stacking load is carried out during load arrangement, the test is carried out in two stages, each stage loading is carried out for 10min, and no construction of steps and surface layers is carried out due to the completion of the rotating stairway main body, the surface of the stair is divided into a smooth slope section and a platform section, a grid frame is designed on the slope section of the stair, three-dimensional stress strain data of the key section position and deflection data of the overhanging end are mainly monitored under the action of static pile load, the overhanging end deflection is monitored by adopting a laser range finder, a laser displacement meter target is fixed at a measured point and can be reinforced by using a bar planting adhesive according to the site situation, the laser range finder is regulated, so that a laser spot can be at the center of the target, data are recorded and stored once in each 8S, two solid state disks are needed to be adopted during storage, the two solid state disks are mutually transmitted through a data wire harness, loading precautions are that loading is stopped when primary early warning is performed, loading is carried out for 30min, a strain value and a deformation value are measured once every 10min, loading can be continued after the data are stabilized, loading is stopped when secondary early warning is achieved, the loading is carried out for 30min, and the development speed of stress and deformation is calculated every 10min, if the development speed of stress and deformation is too high, stopping loading when three-level early warning is achieved, grading unloading according to the reverse sequence of the loading sequence, and after static loading test is finished, re-polishing the welding seam of the upper surface of the rotating stair at the site splicing welding seam and the position with larger stress and entrusting detection unit flaw detection, and counting all data of the static loading test after no damage is confirmed;
S2, a human vibration loading test is performed, three loading modes are designed, 120 people of a human vibration test person are simulated, the three loading modes are respectively that the first loading mode is that people in an ordered arrangement walk through a stair structure, the people are divided into a plurality of rows during analysis, the people pass through part of the stair structure area according to a certain walking sequence, the step frequency, the step speed and the dynamic load factor of each person in the crowd load are the same, the phases of the people in each row are different, and the phases of the people in each row are identical; the second loading mode can be a random number with the walking frequency, the walking speed, the phase and the position of each person in a certain range through a stair structure by randomly distributing people, the mode reflects the randomness of the walking load of the people in the actual service process of the stair, the second loading mode can also be used as a data sample for identifying the subsequent dynamic characteristics, the third loading mode adopts a Bounce load, the main group is fully distributed on the stair according to the density of 1.5 people/m < 2 >, the main group hops in situ at a designated frequency, the mode can judge whether the common loading frequency of the group is close to the self-vibration frequency of the stair and measure the amplitude level of the stair after the common loading frequency approaches a resonance interval, the three kinds of vibration loading test data are collected and recorded by adopting a tablet computer, two groups of data are required to be recorded simultaneously during collection and recording, and the two groups of data are required to be recorded in 8S;
S3, finite element simulation and analysis are carried out on the rotary stair, finite element model analysis and calculation are carried out on the rotary stair, stress cloud patterns and displacement cloud patterns of the rotary stair under 7 working conditions are mainly calculated, 7 processing calculation hosts and 7 displays are needed to be prepared for the stress cloud patterns and the displacement cloud patterns of the rotary stair under 7 working conditions, the 7 displays are sequentially arranged in an equidistant mode from left to right, the size of each display is set to be 19-32 inches, the calculation hosts are connected with the displays through HDMI data lines, according to modal analysis results of the rotary stair in Midas, first 10-order modal information is extracted, the 1 st order is a vertical vibration mode, the 8 th order is a torsional and translational coupling mode, acceleration sensors are longitudinally arranged along the stair, vertical acceleration is measured, and all data of the stress cloud patterns and the displacement cloud patterns are collected and recorded;
s4, monitoring stress strain, measuring the strain quantity of the surface of a structure, wherein a digital temperature sensor is arranged in the vibrating wire type strain gauge and can synchronously measure the temperature of a set point, the temperature sensor is used for temperature correction of the surface type strain gauge, two supports of a rotating stair are selected according to the result of finite element simulation static loading after the temperature correction is finished, the position where the middle building section intersects with the platform section is taken as a measuring point, the vibrating wire type strain gauge is placed at the measuring point, the calculating method of the vibrating wire type strain gauge is that when the structure to be measured is strained, the supports at the left end and the right end of the vibrating wire type strain gauge produce relative displacement and transmit the relative displacement to a steel wire, so that the stress of the steel wire is changed, the natural frequency of the steel wire is changed, a pulse signal is output by a measuring instrument, the frequency of the steel wire is excited by a coil, the square of the vibration frequency is directly proportional to the strain quantity data of the strain gauge is tested by the vibrating wire type strain gauge, the data are collected and recorded, and the strain quantity of the structure to be measured is converted;
S5, collecting data, transmitting all data of static loading test, all data of three kinds of induced vibration loading test, stress cloud pictures and displacement cloud pictures and strain data in a wired mode or adopting a short-range module Zigbee and adopting 4G wireless signal transmission, wherein the 4G wireless signal transmission adopts an OFDMA multi-user access technology, the frequency spectrum is divided into a plurality of sub-carriers, the data transmission of a plurality of users is simultaneously transmitted in each time slot, the remote control is carried out by flexibly controlling the acquisition system of equipment, the transmission module consists of a data transmission terminal and a data transmission host, and the data communication is quickly built in a coverage inner area by virtue of mature RS485 connection, so that all data are collected in a data sub-database;
s6, data comparison, namely, each item of data is transmitted to a data processing and control subsystem through a data sub-database, further processing and analysis are carried out, each item of data is fully compared with each item of data in a standard database through processing of a software system and a hardware system, each item of data is sequentially compared from top to bottom, the compared data is subjected to preliminary analysis and response to instructions of a function module of a subsequent subsystem, the data processing and control subsystem realizes structured processing such as data query, storage and visualization, the data processing and control mainly comprises filtering and secondary processing of the data, and the data is displayed by original data or curves, the curves are displayed by regional graphs, each category of curves are filled with different colors or patterns to form different areas, and an APP end and a PC end carry out original data or display in a curve form;
S7, evaluating data safety, namely setting a safety early warning value for each item of data, when each item of data does not exceed each item of data in a standard database, enabling an alarm to be in a closed state, and when each item of data exceeds each item of data in the standard database, enabling the alarm to send early warning information which is distributed and issued by a wireless network, informing a person on duty to arrive at a site for checking abnormal points of a testing position of the rotating stair within 8 seconds, uploading the checked abnormal point video by a standing horse after processing, and writing checking reasons and checking methods until the mechanical property and the service property of the rotating stair are evaluated as normal state values.
Example 3
A test evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotary stair comprises the following specific steps:
s1, static loading test, namely, according to the standard combination of the dead weight effect, the constant load and the live load of a stairway main body, the basic combination of the constant load and the live load, and the five basic stages, considering two arrangement modes of full cloth and single side spreading of the live load, designing 7 working conditions in total, and loading the 7 working conditions in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the stacking load of the static loading test adopts a sand bag and concrete balancing weight combination mode to divide the rotating stairway into 4 slope sections and 4 platform sections, the quantity of sand weight and balancing weight required by each working condition is given, when the loading of the current working condition is completed to enter the next working condition, loading and unloading conditions exist, the balance weight stacking load is carried out during load arrangement, the test is carried out in two stages, each stage loading is carried out for 10min, and no construction of steps and surface layers is carried out due to the completion of the rotating stairway main body, the surface of the stair is divided into a smooth slope section and a platform section, a grid frame is designed on the slope section of the stair, three-dimensional stress strain data of the key section position and deflection data of the overhanging end are mainly monitored under the action of static pile load, the overhanging end deflection is monitored by adopting a laser range finder, a laser displacement meter target is fixed at a measured point and can be reinforced by using a bar planting adhesive according to the site situation, the laser range finder is regulated, so that a laser spot can be at the center of the target, data are recorded and stored once in each 10S, two solid state disks are needed to be adopted during storage, the two solid state disks are mutually transmitted through a data wire harness, loading precautions are that loading is stopped when primary early warning is performed, loading is carried out for 30min, a strain value and a deformation value are measured once every 10min, loading can be continued after the data are stabilized, loading is stopped when secondary early warning is achieved, the loading is carried out for 30min, and the development speed of stress and deformation is calculated every 10min, if the development speed of stress and deformation is too high, stopping loading when three-level early warning is achieved, grading unloading according to the reverse sequence of the loading sequence, and after static loading test is finished, re-polishing the welding seam of the upper surface of the rotating stair at the site splicing welding seam and the position with larger stress and entrusting detection unit flaw detection, and counting all data of the static loading test after no damage is confirmed;
S2, a human vibration loading test is performed, three loading modes are designed, 120 people of a human vibration test person are simulated, the three loading modes are respectively that the first loading mode is that people in an ordered arrangement walk through a stair structure, the people are divided into a plurality of rows during analysis, the people pass through part of the stair structure area according to a certain walking sequence, the step frequency, the step speed and the dynamic load factor of each person in the crowd load are the same, the phases of the people in each row are different, and the phases of the people in each row are identical; the second loading mode can be a random number with the walking frequency, the walking speed, the phase and the position of each person in a certain range through a stair structure by randomly distributing people, the mode reflects the randomness of the walking load of the people in the actual service process of the stair, the second loading mode can also be used as a data sample for identifying the subsequent dynamic characteristics, the third loading mode adopts a Bounce load, the main group is fully distributed on the stair according to the density of 1.5 people/m < 2 >, the main group hops in situ at a designated frequency, the mode can judge whether the common loading frequency of the group is close to the self-vibration frequency of the stair and measure the amplitude level of the stair after the common loading frequency approaches a resonance interval, the three kinds of vibration loading test data are collected and recorded by adopting a tablet computer, two groups of data are required to be recorded simultaneously during collection and recording, and the two groups of data are required to be recorded within 10S;
S3, finite element simulation and analysis are carried out on the rotary stair, finite element model analysis and calculation are carried out on the rotary stair, stress cloud patterns and displacement cloud patterns of the rotary stair under 7 working conditions are mainly calculated, 7 processing calculation hosts and 7 displays are needed to be prepared for the stress cloud patterns and the displacement cloud patterns of the rotary stair under 7 working conditions, the 7 displays are sequentially arranged in an equidistant mode from left to right, the size of each display is set to be 32 inches, the calculation hosts are connected with the displays through HDMI data lines, according to the modal analysis result of the rotary stair in Midas, the first 10-order modal information is extracted, the 1 st order is a vertical vibration mode, the 10 th order is a torsional and translational coupling mode, acceleration sensors are longitudinally arranged along the stair, vertical acceleration is measured, and all data of the stress cloud patterns and the displacement cloud patterns are collected and recorded;
s4, monitoring stress strain, measuring the strain quantity of the surface of a structure, wherein a digital temperature sensor is arranged in the vibrating wire type strain gauge and can synchronously measure the temperature of a set point, the temperature sensor is used for temperature correction of the surface type strain gauge, two supports of a rotating stair are selected according to the result of finite element simulation static loading after the temperature correction is finished, the position where the middle building section intersects with the platform section is taken as a measuring point, the vibrating wire type strain gauge is placed at the measuring point, the calculating method of the vibrating wire type strain gauge is that when the structure to be measured is strained, the supports at the left end and the right end of the vibrating wire type strain gauge produce relative displacement and transmit the relative displacement to a steel wire, so that the stress of the steel wire is changed, the natural frequency of the steel wire is changed, a pulse signal is output by a measuring instrument, the frequency of the steel wire is excited by a coil, the square of the vibration frequency is directly proportional to the strain quantity data of the strain gauge is tested by the vibrating wire type strain gauge, the data are collected and recorded, and the strain quantity of the structure to be measured is converted;
S5, collecting data, transmitting all data of static loading test, all data of three kinds of induced vibration loading test, stress cloud pictures and displacement cloud pictures and strain data in a wired mode or adopting a short-range module Zigbee and adopting 4G wireless signal transmission, wherein the 4G wireless signal transmission adopts an OFDMA multi-user access technology, the frequency spectrum is divided into a plurality of sub-carriers, the data transmission of a plurality of users is simultaneously transmitted in each time slot, the remote control is carried out by flexibly controlling the acquisition system of equipment, the transmission module consists of a data transmission terminal and a data transmission host, and the data communication is quickly built in a coverage inner area by virtue of mature RS485 connection, so that all data are collected in a data sub-database;
s6, data comparison, namely, each item of data is transmitted to a data processing and control subsystem through a data sub-database, further processing and analysis are carried out, each item of data is fully compared with each item of data in a standard database through processing of a software system and a hardware system, each item of data is sequentially compared from top to bottom, the compared data is subjected to preliminary analysis and response to instructions of a function module of a subsequent subsystem, the data processing and control subsystem realizes structured processing such as data query, storage and visualization, the data processing and control mainly comprises filtering and secondary processing of the data, and the data is displayed by original data or curves, the curves are displayed by regional graphs, each category of curves are filled with different colors or patterns to form different areas, and an APP end and a PC end carry out original data or display in a curve form;
S7, evaluating data safety, namely setting each item of data into a safety early warning value, when each item of data does not exceed each item of data in a standard database, enabling the alarm to be in a closed state, and when each item of data exceeds each item of data in the standard database, enabling the alarm to send early warning information, wherein the early warning information is distributed and issued through a wireless network, and enabling personnel on duty to inform on-site processing personnel to arrive at the site to check abnormal points of a testing position of the rotating stair within 10 seconds, uploading the excluded abnormal point videos through wireless network videos after processing, and writing checking reasons and checking methods until the mechanical property and the service property of the rotating stair are evaluated as normal state values.
The two kinds of cloud image data are automatically generated according to the test node through (a) stress cloud image and (b) displacement cloud image in fig. 6, the stress cloud image (a) represents the self weight change of each position of the rotating stair mechanical node, the color is mainly red and the lightest is blue according to different weight amounts corresponding to different colors, the color exceeds the existing weight load amount once the color is red, the color is qualified, the color of the displacement cloud image (b) mainly represents the color of the displacement cloud image and can generally indicate the displacement size, the red represents the maximum displacement, and then the displacement cloud image is sequentially reduced.
The above three groups are integrated to operate according to the following table:
wherein the safety precaution can be implemented according to table 1:
and obtaining primary, secondary and tertiary early warning data according to the measuring point marks S1-S8 and D1-D2 of the table 1, and realizing accurate early warning according to the data table.
Wherein the following table 2 numbers also need to be obtained:
it is obvious from the above table 2 that the values corresponding to the crowd density, the step frequency data, the activity type data, and the specific arrangement and running mode of the load mode in the working conditions 1 to 5 all need to strictly execute the working conditions data according to the table.
Fine data of 1-7 working conditions are obtained, and the fine data are shown in the following table 3:
from this table 3 it is known that the loading sequence for conditions 1-7 is arranged in a front-to-back order, wherein condition 1 requires that only the dead weight is considered when the lower jig is not removed, condition 2 only the dead weight is considered when the lower jig is removed, condition 3 is mainly fully loaded with a constant load of 250kg/m, conditions 4-7 are all fully loaded with a standard combination of a live load of 400kg/m, wherein the sand weight data between the first run to the second run is performed according to this table and total 108.5 tons, and the weights in platform 1-3 to platform 4 are mainly total 3 tons: 19 blocks; 2 tons: 2 blocks; 2.71 tons of sand, wherein detailed values of all working conditions are checked by a corresponding table, so that weight forms mainly corresponding to all working conditions can be displayed in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and test data are filled according to the table data.
After the test of the three groups of examples, the real-time test uploading time (S), the test efficiency (%) and the evaluation efficiency (%) are mainly tested in the test process, and the obtained test parameters are compared with the data in the following table 4:
as can be seen from the three embodiments, in the embodiment 1, the real-time test uploading time is the least, real-time transmission can be realized, the test efficiency value is higher, the high-efficiency test can be realized, the evaluation efficiency is also higher, and the high-efficiency evaluation is realized, therefore, each item of data through the static loading test, three kinds of vibration loading test data, each item of data of the stress cloud image and the displacement cloud image, and the dependent variable data are transmitted in a wired manner or transmitted by adopting a short-range module Zigbee and adopting a 4G wireless signal, each item of data in a standard database is fully compared, each test data can be transmitted in real time, finally, the evaluation is realized by timely evaluating the test part, the abnormal evaluation position is processed timely, the test evaluation of the mechanical property and the service performance of the rotating stair is more timely, and the test evaluation efficiency is improved
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A test evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotary stair is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, static loading test, namely, according to the standard combination of a jig frame which is not dismantled yet after the stair main body is finished, the dead weight effect of the jig frame, the constant load effect, the constant load and the variable load, and the basic combination of the constant load and the variable load, in five basic stages, considering two arrangement modes of full distribution of the variable load and single-side spreading, designing 7 working conditions, carrying out two-stage loading in a test mode, carrying out loading on each stage for 10min, for the construction condition of a rotating stair main body, dividing the stair surface into a smooth slope section and a platform section, designing a grid frame in the stair slope section, carrying out static loading test, carrying out field splicing welding seams on the upper surface of the rotating stair and welding seams with larger stress, carrying out polishing again and entrusting detection unit flaw detection, and carrying out statistical static loading test on each item of data;
s2, a induced vibration loading test is carried out, three loading modes are designed, an induced vibration test is simulated, and data of the induced vibration loading test are collected and recorded;
s3, finite element simulation and analysis are carried out on the rotating stair, finite element model analysis and calculation are carried out on the rotating stair, a stress cloud image and a displacement cloud image of the rotating stair under 7 working conditions are mainly calculated, the first 10-order modal information is extracted according to modal analysis results of the rotating stair in Midas, the 1 st order is a vertical vibration mode, the 2 nd to 10 th orders are all torsional and translational coupling modes, an acceleration sensor is longitudinally arranged along the stair, vertical acceleration is measured, and various data of the stress cloud image and the displacement cloud image are collected and recorded;
S4, monitoring stress strain, measuring the strain quantity of the surface of a structure, wherein a digital temperature sensor arranged in the vibrating wire strain gauge can synchronously measure the temperature of a distribution point and is used for temperature correction of the surface strain gauge, after the temperature correction is finished, selecting the positions of two supports of the rotating stair and the intersection position of a middle stair section and a platform section as measuring points, placing the vibrating wire strain gauge at the measuring point positions, testing strain quantity data through the vibrating wire strain gauge, recording data collection, and converting to obtain the strain quantity of the measured structure;
s5, collecting data, transmitting all data of a static loading test, all data of three kinds of induced vibration loading test data, stress cloud pictures and displacement cloud pictures and strain data in a wired mode or adopting a short-range module Zigbee and adopting 4G wireless signal transmission, and performing remote control by flexibly controlling an acquisition system of equipment, wherein a transmission module consists of a data transmission terminal and a data transmission host, and rapidly constructing data communication in a coverage inner area by virtue of mature RS485 connection, and collecting all data into a data sub-database;
s6, data comparison, namely, each item of data is transmitted to a data processing and control subsystem through a data sub-database, further processing and analysis are carried out, processing is carried out through a software system and a hardware system, and each item of data is compared with each item of data in a standard database, each item of data is compared sequentially from top to bottom, the compared data is subjected to preliminary analysis and response to instructions of a function module of a subsequent subsystem, the data processing and control subsystem realizes structured processing such as data query, storage and visualization, the data processing and control mainly comprises filtering and secondary processing of the data, original data or curves are used for displaying, and an APP and a PC end are used for displaying the original data or the original data in a curve form;
S7, evaluating data safety, namely setting a safety early warning value for each item of data, when each item of data does not exceed each item of data in a standard database, enabling an alarm to be in a closed state, and when each item of data exceeds each item of data in the standard database, enabling the alarm to send early warning information, wherein the early warning information is distributed and issued for 5-10 items through a wireless network, and enabling a person on duty to inform a site processor to arrive at the site to check abnormal points of a testing part of the rotating stair within 5-10 seconds, uploading the excluded abnormal point videos through a wireless network video after processing, and writing checking reasons and checking methods until the mechanical property and the service performance of the rotating stair are evaluated as normal state values.
2. The test and evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotating stair according to claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional stress strain data of the key section position and the deflection data of the overhanging end are mainly monitored under the static stacking effect in the S1, the deflection of the overhanging end is monitored by adopting a laser range finder, a laser displacement meter target is fixed at a measured point and can be reinforced by using a bar planting adhesive according to the field condition, the laser range finder is adjusted, so that a laser spot is only at the center of the target, data is recorded and stored once in each interval of 5-10S, two solid state disks are needed to be adopted during storage, and the two solid state disks are mutually transmitted through a data wire harness.
3. The test and evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotating stair according to claim 1, wherein: the test sequence of 7 working conditions in the S1 is that loading is sequentially carried out from top to bottom, wherein the stacking of static load test adopts a sand bag and concrete balancing weight combination mode, the rotary stair is divided into 4 slope sections and 4 platform sections, the sand weight and the balancing weight quantity required by each working condition are given, when the loading of the current working condition is completed and the next working condition is entered, loading and unloading conditions exist, and the balancing weight stacking is carried out during load arrangement.
4. The test and evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotating stair according to claim 1, wherein: and the loading notice in the step S1 is that loading is stopped when the first-stage early warning is performed, the loading is maintained for 30min, the strain value and the deformation value are measured every 10min, loading can be continued after the data is stable, loading is stopped when the second-stage early warning is performed, the loading is maintained for 30min, the development speed of stress and deformation is calculated every 10min, loading can be continued after the data is stable, if the development speed of stress and deformation is too high, loading is stopped when the third-stage early warning is performed, and loading is performed in reverse order according to the loading sequence.
5. The test and evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotating stair according to claim 1, wherein: the three loading modes in the S2 are respectively that the first loading mode is that people in an ordered arrangement walk through a stair structure, the people are divided into a plurality of rows when analyzed, the people pass through part of the stair structure area according to a certain walking sequence, the walking frequency, the walking speed and the dynamic load factors of all people in the crowd load are the same, the phases of all rows of pedestrians are different, and the phases of the pedestrians in the same row are consistent; the second loading mode can be a random distribution crowd walking through the stair structure, under the working condition, the walking frequency, the walking speed, the phase and the position of each person are random numbers within a certain range, the mode reflects the randomness of the pedestrian load of the crowd in the actual service process of the stair, the second loading mode can also be used as a data sample for the subsequent dynamic characteristic identification, the third loading mode adopts a Bounce load, and the main crowd is according to 1.5 people/m 2 The density of the load is fully distributed on the stairs, the load can be judged whether the common loading frequency of the crowd is close to the natural vibration frequency of the stairs or not by jumping in situ at a designated frequency, and the amplitude level of the stairs after the load is close to a resonance interval is measured.
6. The test and evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotating stair according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step S2, the record is input by a computer when the record is collected, and two groups of data are recorded at the same time, wherein the two groups of data are required to be recorded in 5-10S.
7. The test and evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotating stair according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step S3, 7 processing calculation hosts and 7 displays are needed to be prepared for the stress cloud image and the displacement cloud image of the rotary stair under 7 working conditions, and the calculation hosts are connected with the displays through HDMI data lines.
8. The test and evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotating stair according to claim 1, wherein: the method for calculating the vibrating wire type strain gauge in the step S4 is that when a structure to be measured is strained, the left end mounting support and the right end mounting support of the vibrating wire type strain gauge generate relative displacement and are transmitted to the steel wire, so that the stress of the steel wire is changed, the natural frequency of the steel wire is changed, the measuring instrument outputs a pulse signal, the steel wire is excited by a coil, the frequency of a signal induced by the coil is detected, and the square of the vibration frequency is proportional to the strain of the strain gauge.
9. The test and evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotating stair according to claim 1, wherein: the 4G wireless signal transmission in S5 adopts OFDMA multi-user access technology, which divides the frequency spectrum into a plurality of sub-carriers and simultaneously transmits the data transmission of a plurality of users in each time slot, or adopts MIMO multi-input multi-output technology, and realizes the data transmission by utilizing a plurality of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas.
10. The test and evaluation method for mechanical properties and service performance of a rotating stair according to claim 1, wherein: the curves in S6 are shown using a region graph, each class of curves is filled with a different color or pattern to form a different region, or a contour graph is used to connect the data points of the same class to form curves with different colors or line widths.
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