CN106097819A - Bridge for experimental teaching emulates detection method and system - Google Patents
Bridge for experimental teaching emulates detection method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106097819A CN106097819A CN201610619867.4A CN201610619867A CN106097819A CN 106097819 A CN106097819 A CN 106097819A CN 201610619867 A CN201610619867 A CN 201610619867A CN 106097819 A CN106097819 A CN 106097819A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/007—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by applying a load, e.g. for resistance or wear testing
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Abstract
The bridge for experimental teaching that the present invention provides emulates detection method and system, method includes: set up bridge model, and arrange the data acquisition module for gathering bridge status data at bridge model, establishment loading test loading scheme, bridge is made to be under different loading conditions according to loading scheme, gather the bridge status data that bridge is under different loading conditions, bridge status data is processed, obtain bridge machinery result；The bridge for experimental teaching in the present invention emulates detection method and system, use programmable bridge model, can assembled different types of rridges easily, the present invention has simple in construction, with low cost, it is applicable to carry out large area teaching promote, it is possible to perform well in that bridge is quiet, teaching in terms of dynamical load test and health monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bridge and the communications field, particularly relate to a kind of bridge for experimental teaching emulate detection method and
System.
Background technology
Along with the development of China's public affairs bridge cause, bridge gets more and more, and the most existing many bridges also progress into
The maintenance stage.And As time goes on, its quantity is also constantly increasing, the bridge management person maintenance day to bridge
Benefit is paid attention to.Bridge final acceptance of construction and operation use after a period of time all by quiet, dynamical load test to its bearing capacity, skill
Art situation etc. detects, and large bridge also needs to understand its behaviour in service at any time by online health monitoring during operation uses
And safety.China puts into the infrastructure such as the highway engineering of construction the most in a large number, the most generally enters maintaining
Phase, the detecting appraisal of bridge and health monitoring are become long-term and urgent social need.
At present, in the teaching process of the bridge machinery of colleges and universities, theory teaching cannot substitute the effect of practical teaching.Above-mentioned
Related content there is no preferable experimental modelling method, it is difficult to make student that science of bridge building entity and Test Detection Work to be had to be
System, all sidedly cognitive, understand and grasp, teaching efficiency is the most poor.Reason essentially consists in: quiet, the dynamic load of true bridge
Test and health monitoring are required to practical engineering project as support, need to put into huge human and material resources resource, and the test period is relatively
Long, typically can not repeat test, the chance that student participates in practice is little, even if allowing student arrive site visit practice, except there is peace
Outside full blast danger, student also can only see the experiment work of local, and works such as substantial amounts of Structure Calculation, data analysis, security evaluation
Make all to participate in and understand.The model used due to tradition earthwork engineering practical teaching is generally concrete component, steel structure
Part etc., it is difficult to voluntarily assembled, build, typically based on proving test, for other specialties, student is difficult to complete independently relatively
Autonomy, novelty are tested, and student learning interest and enthusiasm are the highest, and teaching efficiency is bad.Therefore, a kind of new skill is needed badly
Art means, it is possible to present in solution bridge machinery teaching, on-the-spot test needs are support, site tissue management with actual bridge
The problem that difficulty, cost are high, risk is big.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of bridge for experimental teaching to emulate detection method and system, on solving
State problem.
The bridge for experimental teaching that the present invention provides emulates detection method, including
A. set up bridge model, and arrange the data acquisition module for gathering bridge status data at bridge model,
B. establishment loading test loading scheme, makes bridge be under different loading conditions according to loading scheme,
C. gather the bridge status data that bridge is under different loading conditions, bridge status data processed,
Obtain bridge machinery result.
Further, described bridge model of setting up includes setting up the solid bridge beam model of different types of structure, and set up with
The digital bridge model of solid bridge beam model equal proportion, described numeral bridge model is identical with solid bridge beam model structure type.
Further, according to solid bridge beam model, the loading position of load and the class of loading of different types of structure, bridge is set
The loading test loading scheme of beam detection, according to the bridge model mechanical response reacting each position under different loading conditions
Bridge status data, export statistical graph, and generate appraisal report.
Further, preset the secure threshold of bridge state, when the bridge status number of bridge state-detection analytic unit detection
According to when exceeding the secure threshold upper limit, carry out automatic alarm, and stop loading.
Further, described bridge status data includes the stress at each position of bridge, amount of deflection, crack, frequency of vibration and class
Type, by being contrasted with the calculated results preset by the bridge status data of actual measurement, is analyzed commenting to bridge state
Valency.
The present invention also provides for a kind of bridge simulation detection system for experimental teaching, including
Bridge model, builds simulation bridge structure for emulation,
Loading Control unit, is used for controlling bridge model loads change,
Detection terminal, for being analyzed bridge state according to bridge load change, obtains bridge machinery result.
Further, described bridge model includes the solid bridge beam model of different types of structure, and with solid bridge beam model
The digital bridge model of equal proportion, described numeral bridge model is identical with solid bridge beam model structure type.
Further, described detection terminal includes bridge state-detection analytic unit, display module, input module and centre
Managing device, described display module and input module are connected with central processing unit respectively, described central processing unit and bridge state-detection
Analytic unit connects；
Described bridge state-detection analytic unit includes data acquisition module, data analysis module and evaluation module, data
The bridge status data collected is transferred to data analysis module by acquisition module, and described data analysis module is according to collecting
Bridge status data output statistical graph during model car motion, evaluation module generates appraisal report according to statistical graph.
Further, also include alarm unit, preset the secure threshold of bridge state, when bridge state-detection analytic unit is examined
When the bridge status data surveyed exceedes the secure threshold upper limit, central processing unit controls alarm unit and sends warning, and controls to drive
Device quits work.
Further, data acquisition module includes strain transducer, displacement transducer, pressure transducer, acceleration transducer
And temperature sensor, data analysis module, according to the bridge status data of the bridge model gathered, obtains each position of bridge
Stress, amount of deflection, crack, frequency of vibration and type.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the bridge for experimental teaching in the present invention emulates detection method and system, uses
Programmable bridge model, it is possible to assembled different types of rridges easily, moreover it is possible to by means simulation bridges such as the connections between weakening component
The cracking of beam, damage, or according to the imagination by multiple component independent assortments, assembly, design new structure, bridges, and right
It carries out load test, obtains virtual test data by test, passes judgment on loading scheme the most reasonable, and according to test data
The bearing capacity of assay bridge and safety, the present invention has simple in construction, with low cost, it is adaptable to carry out large area religion
Learn and promote, it is possible to perform well in that bridge is quiet, teaching in terms of dynamical load test and health monitoring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the present invention.Fig. 2
It it is the structural representation of the present invention.
As it is shown in figure 1, the bridge for experimental teaching in the present embodiment emulates detection method and system, its method includes
A. set up bridge model, and arrange the data acquisition module for gathering bridge status data at bridge model,
B. establishment loading test loading scheme, makes bridge be under different loading conditions according to loading scheme,
C. gather the bridge status data that bridge is under different loading conditions, bridge status data processed,
Obtain bridge machinery result.
Set up bridge model and include setting up the solid bridge beam model of different types of structure, and set up and solid bridge beam model
The digital bridge model of equal proportion, described numeral bridge model is identical with solid bridge beam model structure type.According to different structure
The solid bridge beam model of type, the loading position of load and class of loading, arrange the loading test loading scheme of bridge machinery, root
According to the bridge status data of the bridge model mechanical response reacting each position under different loading conditions, export cartogram
Table, and generate appraisal report.In this embodiment, optional multiple bridge type (simply supported girder bridge, continuous bridge, continuous steel frame bridge, arch bridge,
Cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge etc.) it is analyzed evaluating, the parameters such as span of bridge, scantling, class of loading can be set and defect sets
Put, automatically set up structural model, according to the loading characteristic of selected bridge type, rationally determine worst controlling sections, by defeated
Go out the internal force of respective cross-section and affect line (in advance by bridge type, be calculated across conditions such as footpaths, according to student's Selection and call), at internal force
Affect and carry out least favorable cloth load on line to determine that design controls internal force, loading test internal force, finder charge size and load effciency
Deng, and work out loading test loading scheme (determining loading car quantity, loading condition, loading position, load classification etc.), setting up
Digital bridge model on lay virtual sensor, to observe the various mechanical responses under load action, sensor includes: should
Become meter, displacement meter, level gauge, levelling staff, New Instrument for Crack Width, acceleration transducer, thermometer etc., according to predetermined loading side
Case, simulation test loads vehicle and bridge is carried out load test, the virtual-sensor meeting laid on structural model in loading procedure
Output value record, can pass through the forms such as picture, chart, numerical value and observe the stress (strain) of bridge structure, amount of deflection, crack etc.
Change.Software calculates the strain at each position of bridge, amount of deflection, crack for different bridge type, class of loading, loading positions etc. in advance
Position, crack length and width scheduling theory result, be controlled by with stochastic variable in experimentation, make the output value of virtual-sensor
Random fluctuation within the specific limits, to simulate normal bridge and the response of abnormal bridge, reflection engineering structure mechanical property
Discreteness, when under load action, the output value of virtual-sensor exceedes default secure threshold, system alarm also suspends examination
Testing, student should decide to continue with loading or termination test after being analyzed；Unreasonable (the load mistake of testing program such as student's establishment
Greatly, loading position unreasonable etc.), software there will be the situation that bridge model collapses, and prompting student regroups loading scheme.Root
According to test data, generate statistical graph, draw the Load-Stress figure under load action, load-deflection curves, crack pattern
Deng, calculate the checkout coefficient of loading test after comprehensively analyzing, the intensity of bridge structure, rigidity, cracking resistance etc. are carried out
Evaluating, the bearing capacity of final assessment bridge and safety also work out test report.
Correspondingly, the present embodiment also provides for a kind of bridge simulation detection system for experimental teaching, as in figure 2 it is shown, bag
Include
Bridge model, builds simulation bridge structure for emulation,
Loading Control unit, is used for controlling bridge model loads change,
Detection terminal, for being analyzed bridge state according to bridge load change, obtains bridge machinery result.Described
Bridge model includes the solid bridge beam model of different types of structure, and with the digital bridge mould of solid bridge beam model equal proportion
Type, described numeral bridge model is identical with solid bridge beam model structure type.
In the present embodiment, bridge model uses the mode played with building blocks, it is possible to be assemblied into simply supported girder bridge, continuous beam easily
The different types of rridges such as bridge, continuous steel frame bridge, arch bridge, cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge, are possible not only to construction simulation process, carry out construction control
System teaching；And it is carried out load test, and understand and grasp difference and the pluses and minuses of various bridge type stress system, can be according to thinking
As, in conjunction with the knowledge such as mechanics, aesthetics by different component independent assortment, assembly, it is designed to new structure, and is tested by load test
Demonstrate,prove its structure, structure the most reasonable, it would however also be possible to employ the auxiliary checking of the teaching software of exploitation.Bridge by various structures type
Model can artificially arrange Structural defect, defect, can by weaken the means such as connection between component (as consolidation change into hinged, change
Become support situation etc.) the simulation cracking of bridge member, damage, and by test and simulation (the software mould of model test and exploitation
Intend), measured data analysis difference damage structure stress system, the change of feature caused, it is achieved lesion assessment and state
Monitoring.
In the present embodiment, Loading Control unit is made up of model car, driving means and controller, model car and driving dress
Putting and other can be used to provide the module of controlled load to substitute, such as mechanical arm, pneumatic vibrator etc., with designability bridge
Beam model building blocks mainly control with the use of, its function simulation car advance with multiple speed on bridge model, retreat, in office
Meaning position parkings etc., simulation vehicle load can change (as changed) by increase and decrease counterweight.Simulation car uses driven by power, controls
Device issues instructions to digital output module and controls driving means work, it is achieved the simulation advance of car, retrogressing；Infrared ray sensing
Device, ultrasonic range finder sensor send controller to by digital input module after detecting border, distance signal, controller according to
The current state automatic command of dolly its make parking or the action such as forward and back.
In the present embodiment, bridge state-detection analytic unit includes data acquisition module, data analysis module and assessment
Module, the bridge status data collected is transferred to data analysis module, described data analysis module root by data acquisition module
According to bridge status data export statistical graph, evaluation module generates appraisal report according to statistical graph, by test data collection,
Record, bridge state analysis, bridge safty assessment, early warning etc..Bridge state-detection and safety evaluation analysis have limited
The functions such as meta-model calculating, Test Data Collecting, analysis, can use Labview graphical programming language to write, include pole
The hardware driving interface of horn of plenty, can adopt Hardware match communication with general number, and can simulate car automatic Loading Control System guarantor
Holding command synchronization, bridge model includes multiple bridge structure, and the weight-adjustable of described model car, according to the bridge of different types of structure
Beam model, the loading position of model car and class of loading, arrange the loading scheme of bridge machinery, and controller is according to loading scheme control
Simulation car moves on bridge model accordingly, according to test data, generates statistical graph, draws under load action
Load-Stress figure, load-deflection curves, crack pattern etc., student calculates the verification system of loading test after comprehensively analyzing
Number, is evaluated the intensity of bridge structure, rigidity, cracking resistance etc., and the bearing capacity of final assessment bridge and safety are also compiled
Test report processed.
In the present embodiment, preset the secure threshold of bridge state, when the bridge of bridge state-detection analytic unit detection
When status data exceedes the secure threshold upper limit, controller controls alarm unit and sends warning, and controls driving means and quit work.
During education experiment, it is carried in the different parts of bridge model by controlling simulation car or drives through with different speeds
Bridge, simultaneously control number adopt hardware be acquired, record, obtain the various mechanical responses at each position of bridge.Work as load action
When the output value of lower virtual-sensor exceedes default secure threshold, system early warning or termination load.The bridge model loaded
Can be flawless, it is also possible to be to preset defect, test data is processed, and measured data is tied with Theoretical Calculation
Fruit is analyzed, evaluates, and student works out the test report such as bridge capacity, safety evaluation.
Data acquisition module in the present embodiment includes that strain transducer, displacement transducer, pressure transducer, acceleration pass
Sensor and temperature sensor, data analysis module, according to the bridge status data of the bridge model gathered, obtains each portion of bridge
Stress, amount of deflection, crack, frequency of vibration and the type of position.By the present embodiment, can complete bridge model difference testing section
Static loading test, and various speed sport car, brake, jump the power load test such as car, environmental excitation, it is possible to test obtains bridge
The series of physicals such as the stress (strain) of beam model, displacement, amount of deflection, crack, acceleration, the natural frequency of vibration, the vibration shape, impact coefficient refer to
Mark, by analyzing the assessment results such as available load carrying capacity of bridge, damage influence degree, bridge type stress be the most reasonable, tested
Journey needs systematically to use science of bridge building, structural mechanics, the mechanics of materials, measuring technology, signal processing etc. are many to be known
Know, cultivated student manipulative ability, analyze solution problem, report is write and the integration capability such as sense of community.
In the present embodiment, also include detect terminal, described detection terminal at least include display module, input module and in
Central processor, described display module and input module be connected with central processing unit respectively, and described central processing unit is with controller even
Connecing, student can rationally determine that worst controlling sections is (in cross section according to the loading characteristic of selected bridge type in detection terminal
In click), by detection terminal display module output respective cross-section internal force affect line (in advance by bridge type, across conditions such as footpaths
Be calculated, according to student's Selection and call), student internal force affect carry out on line least favorable cloth load with determine design control in
Power, loading test internal force, finder charge size and load effciency etc., and work out loading test loading scheme, such as determine loading
Car quantity, loading condition, loading position, load classification etc., when performing load test, system is according to the predetermined test side of student
Case, simulation test loads vehicle and bridge is carried out load test, and the sensor laid on structural model in loading procedure can export
Value record, student can pass through the forms such as picture, chart, numerical value and observe the stress (strain) of bridge structure, amount of deflection, crack etc.
Change.Software calculates the strain at each position of bridge, amount of deflection, crack for different bridge type, class of loading, loading positions etc. in advance
Position, crack length and width scheduling theory result, in experimentation, can use stochastic variable to be controlled by, make the output of sensor
Value random fluctuation within the specific limits, to simulate normal bridge and the response of abnormal bridge, reflects engineering structure mechanical property
The discreteness of energy, when under load action, the output value of virtual-sensor exceedes default secure threshold, system alarm is the most temporary
Stopping test, student should decide to continue with loading or termination test after being analyzed；Unreasonable (the load of testing program such as student's establishment
Excessive, loading position is unreasonable), there will be, by detection terminal, the situation that bridge model collapses, prompting student regroups
Loading scheme.
Finally illustrating, above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although with reference to relatively
The present invention has been described in detail by good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme is modified or equivalent, and without deviating from objective and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be contained at this
In the middle of the right of invention.
Claims (10)
1. the bridge emulation detection method for experimental teaching, it is characterised in that: include
A. set up bridge model, and arrange the data acquisition module for gathering bridge status data at bridge model,
B. establishment loading test loading scheme, makes bridge be under different loading conditions according to loading scheme,
C. gather the bridge status data that bridge is under different loading conditions, bridge status data is processed, obtain
Bridge machinery result.
Bridge for experimental teaching the most according to claim 1 emulates detection method, it is characterised in that: described set up bridge
Beam model includes the solid bridge beam model setting up different types of structure, and sets up the digital bridge with solid bridge beam model equal proportion
Beam model, described numeral bridge model is identical with solid bridge beam model structure type.
Bridge for experimental teaching the most according to claim 2 emulates detection method, it is characterised in that: tie according to difference
The solid bridge beam model of structure type, the loading position of load and class of loading, arrange the loading test loading scheme of bridge machinery,
According to the bridge status data of the bridge model mechanical response reacting each position under different loading conditions, export cartogram
Table, and generate appraisal report.
Bridge for experimental teaching the most according to claim 3 emulates detection method, it is characterised in that: preset bridge shape
The secure threshold of state, when the bridge status data of bridge state-detection analytic unit detection exceedes the secure threshold upper limit, is carried out
Automatic alarm, and stop loading.
Bridge for experimental teaching the most according to claim 1 emulates detection method, it is characterised in that: described bridge shape
State data include the stress at each position of bridge, amount of deflection, crack, frequency of vibration and type, by the bridge status number by actual measurement
Contrast according to default the calculated results, be analyzed bridge state evaluating.
6. the bridge simulation detection system for experimental teaching, it is characterised in that: include
Bridge model, builds simulation bridge structure for emulation,
Loading Control unit, is used for controlling bridge model loads change,
Detection terminal, for being analyzed bridge state according to bridge load change, obtains bridge machinery result.
Bridge simulation detection system for experimental teaching the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described bridge mould
Type includes the solid bridge beam model of different types of structure, and with the digital bridge model of solid bridge beam model equal proportion, described
Numeral bridge model is identical with solid bridge beam model structure type.
Bridge simulation detection system for experimental teaching the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described detection is eventually
End includes bridge state-detection analytic unit, display module, input module and central processing unit, described display module and input mould
Block is connected with central processing unit respectively, and described central processing unit is connected with bridge state-detection analytic unit；
Described bridge state-detection analytic unit includes data acquisition module, data analysis module and evaluation module, data acquisition
The bridge status data collected is transferred to data analysis module by module, and described data analysis module is according to the model collected
Bridge status data output statistical graph during car motion, evaluation module generates appraisal report according to statistical graph.
Bridge simulation detection system for experimental teaching the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: also include reporting to the police
Unit, presets the secure threshold of bridge state, when the bridge status data of bridge state-detection analytic unit detection exceedes safety
During upper threshold, central processing unit controls alarm unit and sends warning, and controls driving means and quit work.
Bridge simulation detection system for experimental teaching the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: data acquisition
Module includes strain transducer, displacement transducer, pressure transducer, acceleration transducer and temperature sensor, data analysis mould
Tuber, according to the bridge status data of the bridge model gathered, obtains the stress at each position of bridge, amount of deflection, crack, frequency of vibration
And type.
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Application publication date: 20161109 |