CN103940903B - A kind of truss structure Joint Damage detecting system and its method - Google Patents
A kind of truss structure Joint Damage detecting system and its method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of truss structure Joint Damage detecting system and its method, belong to structure detection technical field.It is characterized in that, the system includes data acquisition module, data analysis module and decision-making module；Wherein key technology is the average normalized curvature difference method of jerk energy waveform for the panel point damage reason location based on strain signal invented in its data analysis module.The method is used for the periodic detection of truss structure Joint Damage, and Joint Damage is the most common type of impairment of truss structure, is also the arch-criminal for endangering truss structure safety；The present invention has the advantages that calculating speed is fast, with low cost, FEM model, the noise robustness that need not set up structure are strong；Safety military service to panel point in engineer applied has positive effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the structural damage detection technical field based on vibration, the damage for being related to truss structure node is determined
Position, specifically having invented one is used for the damage reason location system of truss structure node periodic detection.
Background technology
Structural damage detection technology based on vibration is a kind of damage detection technology of use global approach, in engineering structure peace
Full inspection has broad application prospects in surveying.Structure Damage Identification based on vibration response signal time-domain analysis is wherein one
Individual important branch, the vibratory response time series of this kind of method Direct Analysis structure, it is not necessary to which mould is recognized based on vibration data
State parameter, it also avoid the uncertain influence to damage reason location result in the pilot process such as Modal Parameter Identification.Based on shaking
It is crucial that damage criterion is built with vibration information, in view of many construction damage positioning methods are adopted in dynamic damage detecting method
Damage is detected with the index based on energy, and these damage positioning methods for being based on various " energy " are all achieved preferably
Effect；The present invention proposes the average normalized curvature difference method of the jerk energy waveform based on strain signal.Strain signal
It can be obtained by foil gauge or fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, wherein fiber Bragg grating strain sensor has lightweight, super
Very thin, transmission loss is low, chemical stability and anti-electromagnetic interference capability strong, adapt to low strain dynamic level, high-frequency range, support ripple
The advantages of dividing multiplexing.
Truss structure (grid structure) is the common structure type being widely used in all types of industries structure and engineering structure, is permitted
Many truss structures such as steel truss bridge structure often work in extreme environment, and Joint Damage (such as weld failure, bolt looseness) is
The Major Diseases of steel truss structure.Existing document shows that the destruction of many steel constructions is the weldering as caused by low-quality welding
Connect residual stress and weld defect etc. plays the role of fairly obvious in the brittle fracture accident of steel bridge, and the node of damage drops significantly
The low earthquake resistance of structure；Meanwhile, some high-strength bolts loosen the possibility even come off also very in in-service steel truss structure
Greatly.Panel point is that the safety of node is whole truss structure safety to truss structure general safety most important part
Key；Once some node failure, the truss rod on its periphery and the possibility of node failure will increase therewith, and then trigger
Structural failure even disaster.For example, document point out the structural failure of South Korea's Seongsu bridges be due to steel truss welding it is improper
It is caused.If the node state of steel truss structure is detected in time in the presence of an effective method, to find node state early
Minor variations, many disasters perhaps can avoid.Therefore, damage positioning method meaning of the research suitable for truss structure node
It is great.
The content of the invention
In order to grasp the service state of panel point in truss structure in time, invention provides a kind of truss structure node and damaged
Triage examining system, the system includes data acquisition module, three parts of data analysis module and decision-making module；
Wherein data collecting module collected is located at the strain-responsive of measuring point on all rod members in truss structure minor structure to be measured
Signal is simultaneously stored in a computer；
Data analysis module by all truss structures collected on rod member measuring point purlin of the strain signal based on proposition
The average normalized curvature difference method of the jerk energy waveform of frame structure node damage reason location is calculated and provides damage reason location
As a result；
Decision-making module has displayed whether abnormal measuring point and abnormal measuring point first according to the result of calculation of data analysis module
Position, if measuring point without exception, all panel points are safe；If there is abnormal measuring point, truss rod two where abnormal measuring point
The panel point junction at end must have damage；Reuse purlin of the physics lossless detection method to truss rod two ends where abnormal measuring point
Frame node carries out detection and determines that damage occurs at one end or two ends have, and finally injury region is repaired.
The detecting step of truss structure Joint Damage detecting system is as follows：
Step one：Truss structure to be measured is divided into several adjacent intervals, each interval referred to as minor structure is pressed
Detected one by one to the other end since one end of truss structure according to order；
Step 2: point layout：By one strain of arrangement on the outside of the midpoint of each truss rod in truss minor structure to be measured
Measuring point, can use fiber-optic grating sensor or strain built-in testing strain；
Step 3: data acquisition：In data acquisition module, certain panel point by truss minor structure to be measured is encouraged with hand hammer
When, strain acquirement equipment gathers the strain signal at each truss rod measuring point in minor structure to be measured, and answering truss rod measuring point
Varying signal is sent in computer；
Step 4：Data analysis：The jerk energy JE of signal at each measuring point value is calculated in data analysis module：Will
It is the M of truss rod 1,2,3 ... that truss rod is numbered respectively in minor structure to be measured, it is assumed that the strain signal x's of measuring point is each on truss rod k
Scatterplot is x1,x2,…xN, then the jerk energy JE for defining strain signal at truss rod k measuring points is as follows
Wherein JEkIt is jerk energy, log is common logarithm, and N is the points of strain signal；Using pulse excitation or rank
Contain the strain-responsive of complete attenuation process to calculate JE value under jump excitation；After JE values on each measuring point are calculated, lead to
Cross and connect these JE value and just can obtain jerk energy waveform；
Step 5: calculating the curvature of jerk energy waveform in data analysis module：Strain signal at truss rod k measuring points
The curvature C of jerk energy waveformk(1<k<M) it is defined as follows
Ck=JEk-1-2JEk+JEk+1 (2)
Wherein it is JEkIt is the JE values strained at truss rod k measuring points；
C1And CMCalculated based on following formula：
C1=JEM-2JE1+JE2 (3)
CM=JEM-1-2JEM+JE1 (4)
Step 6: after the curvature value for obtaining the front and rear each measuring point of truss bar unit damage is calculated in data analysis module, strain
Curvature difference of the jerk energy waveform of response at truss rod k measuring points is defined as follows
WhereinIt is the curvature calculated according to the r group strain-responsives before damage at truss rod k measuring points,
It is the curvature calculated according to the s group strain-responsives after damage at truss rod k measuring points；
Step 7: the curvature difference calculated in data analysis module to the strain signal before and after every a couple damageEnter
Row normalization, the maximum of so each testing result mean curvature difference is 1,It is curvature differenceIn different measuring points
The maximum at place, the curvature difference after normalizationFor
Step 8: the normalizing of jerk energy waveform is calculated in data analysis module after the repeated detection based on multi-group data
Change curvature difference mean μkAnd damage criterion is defined as, define the damage criterion (DI) at truss rod k measuring pointskIt is as follows
Rule of thumb, RS takes 20；
Step 9: the truss rod measuring point that damage criterion is more than or equal to threshold value δ is determined as abnormal measuring point in decision-making module,
Abnormal measuring point={ (DI)k≥δ} (8)
Wherein δ is threshold value, and its damage reason location result based on strain-responsive data under lossless operating mode is determined, δ is a ratio
The jerk energy waveform normalization curvature difference mean μ of lossless operating modekBigger value with avoid report by mistake measuring point appearance；
Damage check result is：If measuring point without exception, all equal not damageds of panel point in truss minor structure are surveyed；If
There is abnormal measuring point, then the panel point at truss rod two ends must have damage, one end truss of the possible truss rod where abnormal measuring point
Node has damage, it is also possible to which the panel point at its two ends has damage, and specific degree of impairment is needed according to further local
Detection instrument or method confirm.
Truss structure Joint Damage detecting system and its method are equally applicable to the damage check of grid structure node, specifically
Operating method is identical with truss structure.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are, it is not necessary to structural finite element model is set up, heavy structure finite element can be avoided
The influence of model modeling, amendment and model error to damage check result；The method invented is directly based upon the strain-responsive time
Sequence analysis, it also avoid influence of the uncertain pilot process such as Modal Parameter Identification to damage check result；And it is not required to
Interrecord structure is wanted to encourage, the amplitude size of excitation does not influence on testing result before and after damage, but need to be in identical before and after damage
Position input stimulus；The damage positioning method noise resisting ability invented is strong.The present invention is regular suitable for panel point damage
Detection, is also applied for the damage check of grid structure node, concrete operation method is identical with truss structure.With calculating speed
Hurry up, FEM model with low cost, that structure need not be set up, the advantages of noise robustness is strong；To the safety clothes of panel point
Labour has positive effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 present system schematic diagrames
Fig. 2 flow charts of the present invention
The average normalized curvature difference method computing module of the jerk energy waveform of Fig. 3 panel point damage reason locations
Fig. 4 steel truss bridge and minor structure schematic diagram to be detected
The strain signal example that Fig. 5 is surveyed
The damage reason location result of the lossless operating modes of Fig. 6
The damage reason location result of Fig. 7 damage regimes 1
The damage reason location result of Fig. 8 damage regimes 2
The damage reason location result of Fig. 9 damage regimes 3
The damage reason location result of Figure 10 damage regimes 4
The abscissa of Fig. 6~10 is truss rod measuring point numbering in truss minor structure to be measured, and ordinate is normalization jerk
Energy waveform difference average, if the ordinate of certain truss rod measuring point is more than or equal to threshold value 0.3, the panel point junction at its two ends
There is damage
Embodiment
The laboratory model for choosing the common Bailey beam formula steel truss bridge of China is carried out as research object to its panel point
Damage check, technical scheme is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
1) object is detected
Such as the floor map that Fig. 4 is a laboratory steel truss bridge model, it is research to select the minor structure in figure in square frame
Object, to 12 bar number consecutivelies therein, is designated as bar 1~12；Element number sequence pair result does not influence, but before and after damage
It should keep constant；
2) encourage
The truss model is vertically encouraged with hand hammer at point being encouraged shown in Fig. 4, it is not necessary to record pumping signal；
3) damage regime：Based on five experiment damage regimes in table 1 to default damage truss knot in the truss structure
Structure node is positioned；This experiment is on steel truss bridge structural model by unscrewing the cap nut release bolt of truss rod one end come mould
Intend panel point damage；Studied based on table.
The experiment damage regime of the steel truss bridge model of table 1
4) point layout
Fiber-optic grating sensor measuring strain is selected, is bonded respectively with 502 types at the midpoint outer surface of truss rod 1~12
A bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings sensor is installed in agent, by fiber-optic grating sensor multiplexing on optical fiber；
5) data acquisition
LabVIEW softwares are based on using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and graphic user interface carries out data acquisition, will be from optical fiber
Axial strain data real-time rendering that grating sensor is tested simultaneously is saved in computer, and sample frequency is 1000Hz；Such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show, the strain-responsive in selection figure in dashed rectangle is calculated；
6) threshold value
Threshold value δ is determined based on the result of lossless operating mode：Based on choosing one group of strain vibratory response of lossless structure
Signal, adds noise and obtains multigroup lossless strain-responsive signal under different noise levels；Multiple inspection based on these signals
Survey can obtain damage reason location result as shown in fig. 6, therefrom can determine that threshold value δ is 0.3；
7) truss structure Joint Damage testing result
Using 4 damage regimes in the average normalized curvature difference method table 1 of jerk energy waveform proposed by the present invention
Detected respectively, final result is respectively as shown in Fig. 7~10；It can be seen that all testing results successfully oriented it is different
Normal measuring point, it is as a result consistent with default damage according to abnormal measuring point it can be inferred that the panel point junction at its two ends must have damage；
8) conclusion
Above single injury, the damage check result of poly-injury operating mode show invented truss structure Joint Damage positioning
The average normalized curvature difference method of jerk energy waveform can preferably be used for the damage reason location of truss structure node.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of truss structure Joint Damage detecting system, it is characterised in that the system includes data acquisition module, data analysis
Three parts of module and decision-making module；
Wherein data collecting module collected is located at the strain-responsive signal of measuring point on all rod members in truss structure minor structure to be measured
And store in a computer；
Data analysis module is by truss knot of the strain signal of measuring point based on proposition on rod member in all truss structures collected
The average normalized curvature difference method of the jerk energy waveform of structure Joint Damage positioning is calculated and provides damage reason location result；
Decision-making module displays whether the position of abnormal measuring point and abnormal measuring point first according to the result of calculation of data analysis module
Put, if measuring point without exception, all panel points are safe；If there is abnormal measuring point, truss rod two ends where abnormal measuring point
Panel point junction must have damage；Reuse truss section of the physics lossless detection method to truss rod two ends where abnormal measuring point
Point carries out detection and determines that damage occurs at one end or two ends have, and finally injury region is repaired；
The step of truss structure Joint Damage detection method, is as follows：
Step one：Truss structure to be measured is divided into several adjacent intervals, each interval referred to as minor structure, according to suitable
Sequence is detected to the other end one by one since one end of truss structure；
Step 2: point layout：By one strain measuring point of arrangement on the outside of the midpoint of each truss rod in truss minor structure to be measured,
Strained using fiber-optic grating sensor or strain built-in testing；
Step 3: data acquisition：In data acquisition module, when encouraging certain panel point by truss minor structure to be measured with hand hammer,
Strain acquirement equipment gathers the strain signal at each truss rod measuring point in minor structure to be measured, and the strain of truss rod measuring point is believed
Number it is sent in computer；
Step 4：Data analysis：The jerk energy JE of signal at each measuring point value is calculated in data analysis module：Will be to be measured
It is the M of truss rod 1,2,3 ... that truss rod is numbered respectively in minor structure, it is assumed that the strain signal x of measuring point each scatterplot on truss rod k
For x1,x2,…xN, then the jerk energy JE for defining strain signal at truss rod k measuring points is as follows
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Wherein JEkIt is jerk energy, log is common logarithm, and N is the points of strain signal；Using pulse excitation or step excitation
Contain the strain-responsive of complete attenuation process down to calculate JE value；After JE values on each measuring point are calculated, pass through connection
These JE value just can obtain jerk energy waveform；
Step 5: calculating the curvature of jerk energy waveform in data analysis module：The jerking movement of strain signal at truss rod k measuring points
Spend the curvature C of energy waveformkIt is defined as follows
Ck=JEk-1-2JEk+JEk+1 (2)
Wherein it is JEkIt is the JE values strained at truss rod k measuring points, 1<k<M；
C1And CMCalculated based on following formula：
C1=JEM-2JE1+JE2 (3)
CM=JEM-1-2JEM+JE1 (4)
Step 6: after the curvature value for obtaining the front and rear each measuring point of truss bar unit damage is calculated in data analysis module, strain-responsive
Curvature difference of the jerk energy waveform at truss rod k measuring points be defined as follows
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WhereinIt is the curvature calculated according to the r group strain-responsives before damage at truss rod k measuring points,It is root
The curvature calculated according to the s group strain-responsives after damage at truss rod k measuring points；
Step 7: the curvature difference calculated in data analysis module to the strain signal before and after every a couple damageReturned
One changes, and the maximum of so each testing result mean curvature difference is 1,It is curvature differenceAt different measuring points
Maximum, the curvature difference after normalizationFor
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Rate difference mean μkAnd damage criterion is defined as, define the damage criterion (DI) at truss rod k measuring pointskIt is as follows
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Rule of thumb, RS takes 20；
Step 9: the truss rod measuring point that damage criterion is more than or equal to threshold value δ is determined as abnormal measuring point in decision-making module,
Abnormal measuring point={ (DI)k≥δ} (8)
Wherein δ is threshold value, and its damage reason location result based on strain-responsive data under lossless operating mode determines that δ is one than lossless
The jerk energy waveform normalization curvature difference mean μ of operating modekBigger value with avoid report by mistake measuring point appearance；
Damage check result is：If measuring point without exception, all equal not damageds of panel point in truss minor structure are surveyed；If having different
Normal measuring point, then the panel point at truss rod two ends must have damage, one end panel point of the possible truss rod where abnormal measuring point
There is damage, it is also possible to which the panel point at its two ends has damage, specific degree of impairment is needed according to further local detection
Instrument or method confirm.
2. a kind of truss structure Joint Damage detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the system is equally fitted
For the damage check of grid structure node, concrete operation method is identical with truss structure.
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| CN105716814B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2018-04-24 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of real-time monitoring system and its method for assessing truss structure damage |
| CN105651537B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2018-04-24 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of truss structure damage real-time monitoring system of high susceptibility to damage |
| CN107119850A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-01 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of rod member for grid and overall assembled rod member for grid axial force test method |
| CN107588809B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-07-30 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of frictional high-strength bolts in rod piece connecting node fall off recognition methods |
| CN108009566B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2020-04-28 | 华南理工大学 | Improved PCA (principal component analysis) damage detection method under space-time window |
| CN109506965B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Step-by-step diagnosis method for weld joint damage of welding space grid structure node |
| CN110926771B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-09-10 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Blade crack region determination method based on modal curvature error method |
| CN110806194A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-18 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Steel truss deformation monitoring and measuring method |
| CN117516606B (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-03-15 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Distributed optical fiber nondestructive magnetic control system and method for in-service large-span steel truss structure |
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| US20050072234A1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2005-04-07 | Weidong Zhu | System and method for detecting structural damage |
| CN102495134B (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-08-07 | 大连理工大学 | Truss structure damage positioning method based on added mass |
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