CN107167230B - Utilize the method for building construction vibration attenuation rate assessment building secondary radiation noise - Google Patents
Utilize the method for building construction vibration attenuation rate assessment building secondary radiation noise Download PDFInfo
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- CN107167230B CN107167230B CN201710250493.8A CN201710250493A CN107167230B CN 107167230 B CN107167230 B CN 107167230B CN 201710250493 A CN201710250493 A CN 201710250493A CN 107167230 B CN107167230 B CN 107167230B
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides the methods using building construction vibration attenuation rate assessment building secondary radiation noise, it include: that measuring point and multiple hammer points are set in Indoor environment structure, in point layout vibrating speed sensors, vibrating speed sensors connect data collecting instrument；Each hammer point is hammered at least once by power hammer, power hammer is connect with data collecting instrument；The vibration velocity of measuring point and the hammer force of hammer point when collecting and recording each hammering by vibrating speed sensors, power hammer and data collecting instrument；Building construction vibration attenuation rate is calculated according to the distance of vibration velocity, hammer force and each hammer point to measuring point；The radiation magnitude and noise reduction effect of building secondary radiation noise are assessed according to building construction vibration attenuation rate.The method that the embodiment of the present invention proposes is easy to operate, and time-consuming is few, eliminates the influence of human factor, and accuracy and reliability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to noise detection technique field more particularly to a kind of tests and calculating of building construction vibration attenuation rate
Method, and radiation magnitude and noise reduction effect using building construction vibration attenuation rate assessment Indoor environment secondary radiation noise
Method.
Background technique
Currently, China has a city more than 40 just to build in Efforts To Develop underground railway.Underground railway goes out facilitating citizen
While row, also bring many environmental problems, wherein subway train operation caused by vibration and noise be main Environmental Problems it
One.Subway line is often passed through from dense population areas, subway train operation can cause along fabric structure vibration, and build
The vibration of structure can generate secondary radiation noise in Indoor environment, largely effect on the life of subway subjective reflection.
When subway not yet opens operation, disturb residents to prevent the secondary radiation noise that metro operation generates in the future, subway
The existing building or New Buildings for planning route two sides sensitivity can take corresponding measure to reduce indoor secondary spoke in advance
Noise is penetrated, such as lays restriction damping layer or sound insulating layer on floor and wall, or using floating floor etc..Evaluate these measures
Noise reduction effect depend on the calculating of computer numerical model emulation, but the accuracy of this numerical model emulation mode at present
It is lower with reliability, and since the determination for inputting parameter in numerical model needs human intervention, it is affected by human factor.
In addition, for a certain specific building, under conditions of its structure type and construction material determine, how
This structure type and construction material is evaluated to close the contribution of the radiation magnitude of the Indoor environment secondary radiation noise and people
The problem of note.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment provides the tests and calculation method of a kind of building construction vibration attenuation rate, and utilize and build
The method that building structure vibrates attenuation rate assessment Indoor environment secondary radiation noise.
To achieve the goals above, this invention takes following technical solutions.
A method of building secondary radiation noise is assessed using building construction vibration attenuation rate, comprising:
Measuring point and multiple hammer points are set in Indoor environment structure, in the point layout vibrating speed sensors,
Wherein, the vibrating speed sensors connect data collecting instrument；
Each hammer point is hammered at least once by power hammer, wherein the power hammer connects with the data collecting instrument
It connects；
The vibration of measuring point when collecting and recording each hammering by power hammer, vibrating speed sensors and data collecting instrument
The hammer force of speed and hammer point；
Building construction vibration is calculated according to the distance of the vibration velocity, the hammer force and each hammer point to measuring point
Attenuation rate, wherein the building construction vibration attenuation rate refers to that under hammer action, the vibration that hammer point generates is in the building
The rate to decay when being propagated in doors structure；
The indoor secondary radiated noise of the building, the building are assessed according to the building construction vibration attenuation rate
Indoor secondary radiated noise refer to the room noise of the building as caused by the vibration of building structure, if in a certain building
Specific structure form and construction material under the conditions of, building construction vibration attenuation rate is smaller, then it represents that this structure type and is building
The radiation magnitude for building the indoor secondary radiated noise of the building under material condition is larger, the indoor secondary radiation of the building
Noise is larger.
It is further, described that measuring point and multiple hammer points are set in Indoor environment structure, comprising:
One or more of surveys line are set in Indoor environment structure, at interval of a set distance on every survey line
Value one hammer point of setting；
Measuring point is set by first hammer point of every survey line starting point, wherein first hammer point with it is described
The distance between vibrating sensor arranged at measuring point is less than or equal to preset value, and the hammering direction on all hammer points is identical,
The measurement direction of the vibrating speed sensors is identical as the hammering direction on all hammer points.
Further, the method further include:
A plurality of survey line is set on Indoor environment floor, is arranged by first hammer point of every survey line starting point and surveys
Point；
A plurality of survey line is set on the wall of Indoor environment, is arranged by first hammer point of every survey line starting point
Measuring point；
One survey line is set on the column of Indoor environment, is arranged by first hammer point of the starting point of the survey line and surveys
Point；
The vibrating speed sensors that vertical direction is arranged at the measuring point on floor are arranged horizontal at the measuring point of wall and column
The vibrating speed sensors in direction, wherein the vibrating speed sensors connect data collecting instrument.
Further, described that each hammer point is hammered at least once by power hammer, wherein the power hammer and institute
State data collecting instrument connection；When collecting and recording each hammering by power hammer, vibrating speed sensors and data collecting instrument
The vibration velocity of measuring point and the hammer force of hammer point, comprising:
It is hammered into shape using power and is successively hammered on each hammer point according to identical hammering direction；
The vibration velocity of measuring point when the vibrating speed sensors and data collecting instrument collect and record each hammering；
The hammer force of hammer point when the power hammer collects and records each hammering with data collecting instrument.
Further, the distance according to the vibration velocity, the hammer force and each hammer point to measuring point
Building construction vibration attenuation rate is calculated, including；
The vibration velocity and hammer force are handled, hammered the one third frequency multiplication at corresponding measuring point every time
Journey vibration velocity frequency response function；
When a survey line is arranged in the Indoor environment structure, when being located at first hammer point hammering at measuring point
One third octave vibration velocity frequency response function is A (x0), the one third frequency multiplication when n-th of hammer point hammers at measuring point
Journey vibration velocity frequency response function is A (xn), the distance between n-th of hammer point and measuring point are Δ xn, hammer point on the survey line
Quantity is nmax+ 1, then the calculation formula of the building construction vibration attenuation rate SDR is as follows:
When a plurality of survey line is arranged in the Indoor environment structure, if the quantity of survey line is m, the then building structure
The calculation formula for vibrating attenuation rate SDR is as follows:
Wherein, Am(x0) indicate on the m bars survey line, the one third frequency multiplication when first hammer point hammers at measuring point
Journey vibration velocity frequency response function；Am(xn) indicate on the m bars survey line, the one third when n-th of hammer point hammers at measuring point
Octave vibration velocity frequency response function；Indicate the distance between n-th of hammer point and measuring point on the m bars survey line.
Further, the secondary radiation for assessing the building according to the building construction vibration attenuation rate is made an uproar
Sound, comprising:
It is located under hammer action, the vibration velocity amplitude of hammer point decays in building structure according to exponential form, then exists
The distance away from measuring point is the calculating of the vibration velocity amplitude v (x) when hammering at the point of x at measuring point in the Indoor environment structure
Formula is as follows:
| v (x) |=| v (x0)e-βx|
Wherein, β is the attenuation coefficient of vibration velocity frequency response function, v (x0) it is when first hammer point hammers at measuring point
Vibration velocity amplitude；
Then the calculation formula of building secondary radiation Noisy acoustic power W is as follows:
Wherein, ρ0For atmospheric density, c0For the velocity of sound, σ is radiance.
Further, the secondary radiation for assessing the building according to the building construction vibration attenuation rate is made an uproar
Sound, further includes:
The building construction vibration attenuation rate taken before and after noise reduction measure obtained according to test, before noise reduction measure is taken in calculating
The acoustical power of building secondary radiation noise afterwards is poor；
The noise reduction effect of the noise reduction measure is assessed according to the acoustical power difference.
As can be seen from the technical scheme provided by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention passes through in building room
Measuring point and hammer point are set in interior structure, vibrating speed sensors are arranged at measuring point, each hammer point is carried out by power hammer
It hammers at least once, measuring point when each hammering collected and recorded according to power hammer, vibrating speed sensors and data collecting instrument
The distance of the hammer force and each hammer point of vibration velocity and hammer point to measuring point calculates building construction vibration attenuation rate, can be with
The vibration attenuation rate of effectively measuring building structure out, and then the vibration attenuation rate index that can use building structure is built to evaluate
Build the noise reduction effect of noise reduction measure in object, and evaluation building specific constructive form and construction material to the room of the building
The contribution of interior secondary radiation noise radiation magnitude.The method that the embodiment of the present invention proposes is easy to operate, and time-consuming is few, eliminates artificial
The influence of factor, accuracy and reliability are high.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings others
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is that a kind of utilization building construction vibration attenuation rate assessment building secondary radiation provided in an embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar
The flow chart of the method for sound；
Fig. 2 is a kind of measuring point on rectangle floor provided in an embodiment of the present invention and the arrangement schematic diagram of hammer point；
Fig. 3 is a kind of measuring point of rectangle wall provided in an embodiment of the present invention and the arrangement schematic diagram of hammer point；
Fig. 4 is a kind of measuring point of column provided in an embodiment of the present invention and the arrangement schematic diagram of hammer point.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
Those of ordinary skill in the art is appreciated that unless expressly stated, singular " one " used herein,
"one", " described " and "the" may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that used in specification of the invention
Wording " comprising " refers to that there are the feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or component, but it is not excluded that in the presence of or add
Add other one or more features, integer, step, operation, element, component and/or their group.It should be understood that when we claim
Element is " connected " or when " coupled " to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to other elements, or can also deposit
In intermediary element.In addition, " connection " used herein or " coupling " may include being wirelessly connected or coupling.Wording used herein
"and/or" includes one or more associated any cells for listing item and all combinations.
Those of ordinary skill in the art is appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including skill
Art term and scientific term) there is meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Also
It should be understood that those terms such as defined in the general dictionary should be understood that have in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of meaning will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning and unless defined as here.
In order to facilitate understanding of embodiments of the present invention, it is done by taking several specific embodiments as an example below in conjunction with attached drawing further
Ground illustrates, and each embodiment does not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention defines the vibration attenuation rate index of building structure, proposes the building construction vibration attenuation rate
The test and calculation method of index, and then Indoor environment noise reduction measure is assessed using this building construction vibration attenuation rate index
Noise reduction effect, and assessment building specific constructive form and construction material to Indoor environment secondary radiation noise radiation
The contribution of magnitude.
Fig. 1 is that a kind of utilization building construction vibration attenuation rate assessment building secondary radiation provided in an embodiment of the present invention is made an uproar
The flow chart of the method for sound.As shown in Figure 1, this approach includes the following steps.
Measuring point and multiple hammer points is arranged in step S110 in Indoor environment structure, vibrates speed in the point layout
Spend sensor, wherein the vibrating speed sensors connect data collecting instrument.
Step S120 hammers each hammer point by power hammer at least once, wherein the power hammer and the data
Acquisition Instrument connection.
Step S130, when collecting and recording each hammering by power hammer, vibrating speed sensors and data collecting instrument
The vibration velocity of measuring point and the hammer force of hammer point.
Step S140 is built according to the calculating of the distance of the vibration velocity, the hammer force and each hammer point to measuring point
Building structure vibrates attenuation rate, wherein the building construction vibration attenuation rate refers to that under hammer action, the vibration that hammer point generates exists
The rate to decay when being propagated in the Indoor environment structure.
Step S150 assesses the secondary radiation noise of the building according to the building construction vibration attenuation rate.
According to embodiments of the present invention, building secondary radiation noise refers to by building structure (such as beam, plate, cylinder system etc.)
Vibration caused by building room noise.The acoustical power of Indoor environment secondary radiation noise can be used to assess the interior two
The radiation magnitude of secondary radiated noise.Specifically, the acoustical power of indoor secondary radiated noise is bigger, indicates indoor secondary radiated noise
Radiation magnitude it is bigger, that is to say, bright indoor secondary radiated noise is bigger；The acoustical power of indoor secondary radiated noise is smaller, indicates
The radiation magnitude of indoor secondary radiated noise is smaller, illustrates that indoor secondary radiated noise is smaller.
The acoustical power and structural vibration speed of Indoor environment secondary radiation noise have following relationship:
In above formula, W is the acoustical power of indoor secondary radiated noise, ρ0For atmospheric density, c0For the velocity of sound, σ is radiance, and S is
Structural radiation area,For the mean squared vibration speed on structural radiation area.
Because there are above-mentioned relations between indoor secondary radiated noise and structural vibration, reduction on the one hand can be passed through
Structural vibration reduces indoor secondary radiated noise；On the other hand, indoor secondary spoke can be assessed by test structural vibration
Penetrate noise.Building construction vibration attenuation rate index and its test needed for the embodiment of the present invention gives test architecture structural vibration
Method.
According to embodiments of the present invention, building construction vibration attenuation rate is defined as follows: under external incentive action, motivating point
The rate that generated vibration decays when propagating in Indoor environment structure.According to embodiments of the present invention, said external motivates
It can be hammer stimulating, excitation point is hammer point, therefore the building construction vibration attenuation rate can refer under hammer action, hammering
The rate that the vibration that point generates decays when propagating in Indoor environment structure.
If building construction vibration attenuation rate is big, then it represents that vibration decays very fast in structure；If building construction vibration is decayed
Rate is small, then it represents that vibration decays relatively slow in structure.If after implementing certain noise reduction measure, building construction vibration attenuation rate increases
Greatly, then it represents that this measure has noise reduction effect；Building construction vibration attenuation rate increases more, then it represents that noise reduction effect is better.
Building construction vibration attenuation rate is the inherent characteristic of structure, is only had with the structure type and material properties of building
It closes, and it is unrelated with external drive.If under the conditions of the specific structure form and construction material of a certain building, building structure vibration
Dynamic attenuation rate is smaller, then it represents that the spoke of the indoor secondary radiated noise of building under the conditions of this structure type and construction material
Penetrate magnitude can larger namely indoor secondary radiated noise can be larger.
The test and calculation method of building construction vibration attenuation rate is explained in detail below.
Firstly, one or more of surveys line are arranged in Indoor environment structure, set on every survey line at interval of one
A hammer point is arranged in set a distance value.The embodiment of the present invention is 0.2 meter with the set distance value and is illustrated.It is surveyed at every
Measuring point is set by first hammer point of line starting point, and first hammer point will be close to measuring point and the measuring point should be as close as possible to wall
Wall or floor.The embodiment of the present invention is illustrated for 0.1 meter of wall or floor by measuring point.Specifically, on floor
Measuring point, the measuring point is apart from 0.1 meter of wall, and for the measuring point on wall or column, the measuring point is apart from 0.1 meter of floor.At measuring point
Arrange vibrating speed sensors.According to embodiments of the present invention, first close proximity between hammer point and measuring point refers to first
Hammer point should be located next to the vibrating speed sensors at measuring point, i.e. vibration velocity at first hammer point and measuring point as much as possible
The distance between sensor is less than or equal to a preset value, and the preset value should be as close possible to 0, and the embodiment of the present invention is with this
Preset value is illustrated for being 1 centimetre.The vibrating speed sensors are connected by wired or wireless form and data collecting instrument
It connects, the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited connection type.Hammering direction on all hammer points is identical, above-mentioned vibration velocity
The measurement direction of sensor is identical with the hammering direction on all hammer points.
Then, it is hammered into shape using power and is successively hammered on each hammer point according to identical hammering direction.Power hammer is with before
The data collecting instrument connection stated.Every time when hammering, the vibrating speed sensors and data collecting instrument cooperate to acquire simultaneously
The vibration velocity of measuring point is recorded, the power hammer and data collecting instrument cooperate to collect and record the hammer force of hammer point.
Above-mentioned vibration velocity and hammering force data are handled, hammered the one third at corresponding measuring point every time
Octave vibration velocity frequency response function.According to embodiments of the present invention, one third octave vibration velocity frequency response function refers to three
Unit hammer force acts on the vibration velocity response of lower measuring point in/mono- octave.
According to embodiments of the present invention, the calculation formula of building construction vibration attenuation rate can derive as follows.
Be located in Indoor environment structure and be provided with a survey line, it is assumed that under hammer action, structural vibration wave amplitude from
Hammer point starts the one third octave vibration according to exponential damping in structure, when being located at first hammer point hammering at measuring point
Dynamic speed frequency response function is A (x0), then one third octave vibration when being hammered at the point that the distance away from measuring point is x at measuring point
Dynamic speed frequency response function A (x) can be indicated are as follows:
A(x)≈A(x0)e-βx (2)
Wherein, β is the attenuation coefficient of vibration velocity frequency response function, which is converted to building construction vibration attenuation rate
Form then has:
SDR=20log10(eβThe β of)=8.686 (3)
Wherein, SDR is building construction vibration attenuation rate.
The relationship of building structure radiation vibrational energy and β can indicate are as follows:
According to embodiments of the present invention, hammer point can be several discrete points, if the quantity of hammer point is n on this bar survey linemax
+ 1, then formula (4) can be expressed as form:
Wherein, Δ xnFor the distance between n-th of hammer point and measuring point, A (xn) it is the measuring point when n-th of hammer point hammers
The one third octave vibration velocity frequency response function at place.
Convolution (3) and formula (5), available:
Formula (6) is that the calculating of the building construction vibration attenuation rate when a survey line is arranged in Indoor environment structure is public
Formula.If being provided with a plurality of survey line in Indoor environment structure, the corresponding building construction vibration of every survey line is first calculated separately
Attenuation rate, then the average value of the corresponding building construction vibration attenuation rate of a plurality of survey line is calculated, which is that the structure is final
Building construction vibration attenuation rate.Specifically, if the quantity of survey line is m, then building construction vibration attenuation rate may be expressed as:
Wherein, Am(x0) indicate on the m bars survey line, the one third frequency multiplication when first hammer point hammers at measuring point
Journey vibration velocity frequency response function；Am(xn) indicate on the m bars survey line, the one third when n-th of hammer point hammers at measuring point
Octave vibration velocity frequency response function；Indicate the distance between n-th of hammer point and measuring point on the m bars survey line.
Moreover, it is assumed that the vibration velocity amplitude of hammer point declines in building structure according to exponential form under hammer action
Subtract, then the distance in building structure away from measuring point is vibration velocity amplitude when hammering at the point of x at measuring point are as follows:
| v (x) |=| v (x0)e-βx| (8)
Wherein, v (x0) it is vibration velocity amplitude when first hammer point hammers at measuring point.Then formula (1) can indicate
Are as follows:
Formula (9) illustrates the pass of Indoor environment secondary radiation Noisy acoustic power W Yu building construction vibration attenuation rate SDR
System, i.e., SDR is bigger, and W is smaller；SDR is smaller, and W is bigger.According to embodiments of the present invention, indoor secondary radiated noise sound function can be used
Rate measures the radiation magnitude of indoor secondary radiated noise, i.e. acoustical power is bigger, indicate the amount of radiation of indoor secondary radiated noise
Grade is bigger.Simultaneously as building construction vibration attenuation rate is the inherent feature of building structure, the only specific structure shape with building
Formula is related with construction material, it is possible to be assessed using building construction vibration attenuation rate in specific constructive form and construction material
Under the conditions of Indoor environment secondary radiation noise radiation magnitude, i.e., W is calculated by SDR, W is recycled to assess indoor secondary spoke
Penetrate the radiation magnitude of noise.
In addition, if using certain noise reduction measure on fabric structure, restriction damping layer is such as laid on floor, then
Building construction vibration attenuation rate be can use to assess the noise reduction effect of such measure.According to embodiments of the present invention, pass through first
Test respectively obtains the building construction vibration attenuation rate before and after taking the noise reduction measure, then calculates before and after taking the noise reduction measure
Indoor environment secondary radiation noise acoustical power it is poor, take the Indoor environment before and after noise reduction measure secondary further according to described
The acoustical power difference of radiated noise assesses the noise reduction effect of the noise reduction measure.Specifically, before using noise reduction measure, measurement building
Structural vibration attenuation rate SDR1, according to SDR1The acoustical power W of indoor secondary radiated noise can be calculated1:
After using noise reduction measure, then measure building construction vibration attenuation rate SDR2, according to SDR2Indoor secondary spoke is calculated again
Penetrate the acoustical power W of noise2:
It can then be calculated using the difference of Indoor environment secondary radiation Noisy acoustic power before and after the noise reduction measure as follows:
Δ W=W1-W2 (12)
According to embodiments of the present invention, the noise reduction effect of the noise reduction measure can be assessed with Δ W, i.e. Δ W is bigger, illustrates the drop
Make an uproar measure noise reduction effect it is better.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention gives using hammer by taking the structures such as the floor of Indoor environment, wall and column as an example
The method for hitting excitation on-the-spot test building construction vibration attenuation rate.It will appreciated by the skilled person that described herein
Building structure can be floor, wall, column, the structure being also possible in other buildings, such as beam, and the embodiment of the present invention is to this
It is not especially limited.According to embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned side using hammer stimulating on-the-spot test building construction vibration attenuation rate
Method may include following treatment process.
Step 1, the position of measuring point and hammer point is determined.
A plurality of survey line is set on Indoor environment floor, is arranged by first hammer point of every survey line starting point and surveys
Point；A plurality of survey line is set on the wall of Indoor environment, measuring point is set by first hammer point of every survey line starting point；
One survey line is set on the column of Indoor environment, measuring point is set by first hammer point of the starting point of survey line.Wherein, it surveys
The arrangement principle of point and hammer point is as previously mentioned, details are not described herein.
According to embodiments of the present invention, measuring point and hammer point are divided into floor, wall, column three kinds of operating conditions are arranged.For floor,
The embodiment of the present invention provides the measuring point on rectangle floor and the arrangement example of hammer point, and the floor of other shapes can made a concrete analysis of
The arrangement principle with reference to rectangle floor carries out measuring point and hammer point arrangement afterwards, and details are not described herein for the embodiment of the present invention.It is rectangular
The measuring point and hammer point on shape floor are arranged as shown in Fig. 2, being located at the arrangement of the long side side on rectangle floor including measuring point
Figure and measuring point are located at the layout drawing of the short side side on rectangle floor.Measuring point and the hammer point arrangement of wall are as shown in Figure 3.Column
Measuring point and hammer point arrangement it is as shown in Figure 4.
In addition, a plurality of survey line intersects at measuring point in the example that Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are provided, it is arranged so and is conducive to reduce always
Testing time.According to embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of survey line can intersect also non-intersecting, and the embodiment of the present invention does not do specific limit to this
It is fixed.
Step 2, arrange that vibrating speed sensors, the vibrating speed sensors connect data collecting instrument at measuring point.
According to embodiments of the present invention, the vibrating speed sensors that vertical direction is arranged at the measuring point of floor, in wall and column
Measuring point at arrange horizontal direction vibrating speed sensors.
Step 3, each hammer point is hammered using power hammer, power hammer is connect with the data collecting instrument in step 2.
The vibration velocity data of measuring point, power when vibrating speed sensors and data collecting instrument can acquire and record each hammering
The hammering force data of hammer point when hammer and data collecting instrument can acquire and record each hammering.
Step 4, after the hammering of all hammer points, vibrating speed sensors, power hammer, data collecting instrument etc. is removed and is set
It is standby.Data processing is carried out, the vibration attenuation rate of building structure is calculated according to formula (7).
In conclusion the method that the embodiment of the present invention proposes can be with effectively measuring building construction vibration attenuation rate, in turn
Building construction vibration attenuation rate index be can use to assess the noise reduction effect of noise reduction measure in building, and assessment building
The radiation magnitude of indoor secondary radiated noise under the conditions of specific constructive form and construction material.
Currently, when subway train not yet opens operation, for taking steps to reduce building room in building structure
The evaluation of the noise reduction effect of interior secondary radiation noise and in building specific constructive form and construction material to building
Object indoor secondary radiated noise radiates the assessment of magnitude, depends on computer numerical model emulation method.This Numerical-Mode
Type emulation mode needs to establish complicated numerical model and is largely calculated, and time-consuming more, accuracy and reliability is lower；
And due in numerical model input parameter determination need human intervention, so this numerical model emulation mode by it is artificial because
Element is affected.And the building construction vibration attenuation rate index that the embodiment of the present invention proposes can be used for assessing drop in building
Make an uproar measure noise reduction effect and assessment under the conditions of building specific constructive form and construction material two subradius of Indoor environment
Penetrate the radiation magnitude of noise.The building construction vibration attenuation rate index clear concept, can be measured by the method for field experiment.
The method that the embodiment of the present invention proposes is easy to operate, and time-consuming is few, eliminates the influence of human factor, and accuracy and reliability is high.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: attached drawing is the schematic diagram of one embodiment, module in attached drawing or
Process is not necessarily implemented necessary to the present invention.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the present invention can
It realizes by means of software and necessary general hardware platform.Based on this understanding, technical solution of the present invention essence
On in other words the part that contributes to existing technology can be embodied in the form of software products, the computer software product
It can store in storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD, including some instructions are used so that a computer equipment
(can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes the certain of each embodiment or embodiment of the invention
Method described in part.
All the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, same and similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing may refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.Especially for device or
For system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so describing fairly simple, related place is referring to method
The part of embodiment illustrates.Apparatus and system embodiment described above is only schematical, wherein the conduct
The unit of separate part description may or may not be physically separated, component shown as a unit can be or
Person may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can root
According to actual need that some or all of the modules therein is selected to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Ordinary skill
Personnel can understand and implement without creative efforts.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method using building construction vibration attenuation rate assessment building secondary radiation noise characterized by comprising
Measuring point and multiple hammer points are set in Indoor environment structure, in the point layout vibrating speed sensors, wherein
The vibrating speed sensors connect data collecting instrument；
Each hammer point is hammered at least once by power hammer, wherein the power hammer is connect with the data collecting instrument；
The vibration velocity of measuring point when collecting and recording each hammering by power hammer, vibrating speed sensors and data collecting instrument
With the hammer force of hammer point；
Building construction vibration decaying is calculated according to the distance of the vibration velocity, the hammer force and each hammer point to measuring point
Rate, wherein the building construction vibration attenuation rate refers to that under hammer action, the vibration that hammer point generates is in the Indoor environment
The rate to decay when being propagated in structure；
The indoor secondary radiated noise of the building, the room of the building are assessed according to the building construction vibration attenuation rate
Interior secondary radiation noise refers to the room noise of the building as caused by the vibration of building structure, if in the spy of a certain building
Under the conditions of determining structure type and construction material, building construction vibration attenuation rate is smaller, then it represents that in this structure type and Building wood
The radiation magnitude of the indoor secondary radiated noise of the building is larger under the conditions of material, the indoor secondary radiated noise of the building
It is larger.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein described be arranged measuring point and more in Indoor environment structure
A hammer point, comprising:
One or more of surveys line are set in Indoor environment structure, are set on every survey line at interval of a set distance value
Set a hammer point；
Measuring point is set by first hammer point of every survey line starting point, wherein first hammer point and the measuring point
Locate the distance between vibrating sensor of arrangement and be less than or equal to preset value, the hammering direction on all hammer points is identical, described
The measurement direction of vibrating speed sensors is identical as the hammering direction on all hammer points.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the method further include:
A plurality of survey line is set on Indoor environment floor, measuring point is set by first hammer point of every survey line starting point；
A plurality of survey line is set on the wall of Indoor environment, is arranged by first hammer point of every survey line starting point and surveys
Point；
One survey line is set on the column of Indoor environment, measuring point is set by first hammer point of the starting point of the survey line；
The vibrating speed sensors that vertical direction is arranged at the measuring point on floor, arrange horizontal direction at the measuring point of wall and column
Vibrating speed sensors, wherein the vibrating speed sensors connect data collecting instrument.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described carry out at least one to each hammer point by power hammer
Secondary hammering, wherein the power hammer is connect with the data collecting instrument；It is adopted by power hammer, vibrating speed sensors and data
The vibration velocity of measuring point and the hammer force of hammer point when collection instrument collects and records each hammering, comprising:
It is hammered into shape using power and is successively hammered on each hammer point according to identical hammering direction；
The vibration velocity of measuring point when the vibrating speed sensors and data collecting instrument collect and record each hammering；
The hammer force of hammer point when the power hammer collects and records each hammering with data collecting instrument.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, it is described according to the vibration velocity, the hammer force with
And the distance of each hammer point to measuring point calculates building construction vibration attenuation rate, including；
The vibration velocity and hammer force are handled, hammered the one third octave vibration at corresponding measuring point every time
Dynamic speed frequency response function；
When a survey line is arranged in the Indoor environment structure, it is located at three points when first hammer point hammers at measuring point
One of octave vibration velocity frequency response function be A (x0), the one third octave vibration when n-th of hammer point hammers at measuring point
Dynamic speed frequency response function is A (xn), the distance between n-th of hammer point and measuring point are Δ xn, the quantity of hammer point on the survey line
For nmax+ 1, then the calculation formula of the building construction vibration attenuation rate SDR is as follows:
When a plurality of survey line is arranged in the Indoor environment structure, if the quantity of survey line is m, the then building construction vibration
The calculation formula of attenuation rate SDR is as follows:
Wherein, Am(x0) indicate on the m bars survey line, the one third octave vibration when first hammer point hammers at measuring point
Dynamic speed frequency response function；Am(xn) indicate on the m bars survey line, the one third frequency multiplication when n-th of hammer point hammers at measuring point
Journey vibration velocity frequency response function；Indicate the distance between n-th of hammer point and measuring point on the m bars survey line.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described assess according to the building construction vibration attenuation rate
The secondary radiation noise of the building, comprising:
It is located under hammer action, the vibration velocity amplitude of hammer point decays in building structure according to exponential form, then described
The distance away from measuring point is the calculation formula of the vibration velocity amplitude v (x) when hammering at the point of x at measuring point in Indoor environment structure
It is as follows:
| v (x) |=| v (x0)e-βx|
Wherein, β is the attenuation coefficient of vibration velocity frequency response function, v (x0) it is vibration when first hammer point hammers at measuring point
Velocity amplitude；
Then the calculation formula of building secondary radiation Noisy acoustic power W is as follows:
Wherein, ρ0For atmospheric density, c0For the velocity of sound, σ is radiance.
7. method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that described according to the building construction vibration
Attenuation rate assesses the secondary radiation noise of the building, further includes:
The building construction vibration attenuation rate taken before and after noise reduction measure obtained according to test, calculating are taken before and after noise reduction measure
The acoustical power of building secondary radiation noise is poor；
The noise reduction effect of the noise reduction measure is assessed according to the acoustical power difference.
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