CN116906076A - High-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure and method - Google Patents
High-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116906076A CN116906076A CN202310867133.8A CN202310867133A CN116906076A CN 116906076 A CN116906076 A CN 116906076A CN 202310867133 A CN202310867133 A CN 202310867133A CN 116906076 A CN116906076 A CN 116906076A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/40—Devices or apparatus specially adapted for handling or placing units of linings or supporting units for tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel supporting structures, in particular to a high-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure which comprises a fixed seat, wherein the fixed seat is fixedly connected with a supporting component, six groups of connecting components are arranged on the supporting component at equal angles, two groups of assembling columns are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the six groups of connecting components, the assembling columns are inserted into an arc-shaped duct piece component, two groups of assembling holes are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the arc-shaped duct piece component, the assembling columns are movably inserted into the assembling holes, and anchor rods are inserted into the arc-shaped duct piece component; compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the structure is simple, the assembly is easy, the assembly is carried out outside, and the operation and the unfolding of large-scale lifting equipment are convenient, so that the assembly efficiency of the device is improved, and the risk that the equipment meets workers is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel supporting structures, and particularly relates to a high-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure and a method.
Background
The tunnel construction is different in supporting structure and construction method adopted for different surrounding rocks, wherein the weak surrounding rocks have larger differences in mechanical properties from the common surrounding rocks due to the characteristics of low strength, broken rock bodies, poor occurrence environment and the like. After tunnel excavation, the ground stress is redistributed, and due to the low strength of the weak surrounding rock, the tunnel is extremely sensitive to engineering disturbance, a plastic region is generated under the condition of tension or compression, so that the surrounding rock and the supporting and protecting hair are deformed, and engineering disasters such as vault collapse, tunnel face instability, bottom plate bulge, long-time continuous deformation or deformation non-convergence, serious deformation intrusion of the primary support, water burst and the like are very easy to occur.
The publication No. CN115110966A is a tunnel supporting structure and a construction method, and is used for solving the problems that when the prior art faces surrounding rock of a soft soil stratum, the surrounding rock is strongly resisted in tunnel construction by adopting a tunnel supporting structure with higher rigidity, and the pressure accumulation of the surrounding rock is easy to cause brittle failure of the supporting structure; comprising the following steps: arc segment components, reinforcing materials and lock foot anchor rods; the arc duct piece assembly comprises an arc inner plate, an arc middle plate and an arc outer plate, wherein the arc inner plate and the arc middle plate are fixedly connected through reinforcing ribs, and the arc middle plate is in floating connection with the arc outer plate through an elastic piece. The arc-shaped duct piece assembly comprises a plurality of arc-shaped duct piece assemblies which are spliced in a circumferential direction, wherein the arc-shaped middle plates are spliced into a second supporting layer, the arc-shaped outer plates are spliced into an elastic supporting layer, the elastic supporting layer is clung to a tunnel rock mass, an annular grouting space is formed by surrounding the first supporting layer and the second supporting layer, and reinforcing materials are filled in the annular grouting space.
In the scheme, when a tunnel is supported, after a cavity is dug, an arc-shaped duct piece assembly is installed along a tunnel rock body, an arc-shaped outer plate is in contact with the tunnel rock body, a foot locking anchor rod is arranged on the arc-shaped duct piece assembly, a temporary transverse support and a temporary vertical support are installed, so that a complete closed loop support is formed by the arc-shaped duct piece assembly, the temporary transverse support and the temporary vertical support, firstly, the space in the tunnel is narrow, the assembly of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly must be carried out by large-scale lifting equipment, the operation and the unfolding of the large-scale lifting equipment are influenced by the small-scale lifting equipment, once equipment and related personnel enter the tunnel, the tunnel space is more limited, the efficiency of assembling the arc-shaped duct piece assembly is directly influenced, and meanwhile, the accident that the equipment is bumped is easy to occur; therefore, the invention provides a high-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure and a method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem presented in the background art is solved.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a high-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure which comprises a fixed seat, wherein the fixed seat is fixedly connected with a supporting component, six groups of connecting components are arranged on the supporting component at equal angles, two groups of assembling columns are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the six groups of connecting components, the assembling columns are inserted into arc-shaped duct piece components, two groups of assembling holes are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the arc-shaped duct piece components, the assembling columns are movably inserted into the assembling holes, and anchor rods are inserted into the arc-shaped duct piece components;
compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the structure is simple, the assembly is easy, the assembly is carried out outside, and the operation and the unfolding of large-scale lifting equipment are convenient, so that the assembly efficiency of the device is improved, and the risk that the equipment meets workers is reduced.
Preferably, the connection assembly comprises: the connecting plate, the connecting plate is located between two sets of arc section of jurisdiction subassemblies, and symmetry movable mounting is in two sets of L type limiting plates in the connecting plate, and assembly post fixed welding is on L type limiting plate, sets up a plurality of U type bullet strips between two sets of L type limiting plates, sets up the bearing plate in a plurality of U type bullet strip top to and, connect the movable mechanism of bearing plate, movable mechanism includes: the device comprises a shell, a support, limit rods, a pin shaft, a rectangular shaft, four groups of inclined sliding grooves, two groups of limiting holes, two limiting rod inserting limit holes, a rectangular hole and a rectangular shaft, wherein the support is arranged in the shell;
the rectangular shaft is driven towards the central direction of the closed loop support, the rectangular shaft drives the shell and the bearing plate to move together, the bearing plate acts on the U-shaped elastic strip to enable the U-shaped elastic strip to deform, meanwhile, the pin shaft slides along the oblique sliding groove, under the guidance of the oblique sliding groove, the pin shaft drives the limiting rod to slide towards the outer side along the inner cavity of the support, the limiting rod is inserted into the limiting hole until the shell is blocked by the inner wall of the connecting plate, and the limiting rod are matched, so that limiting of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly is achieved, and the arc-shaped duct piece assembly is prevented from being scraped and dislocated.
Preferably, four groups of track grooves are formed in the L-shaped limiting plate, guide rails are connected with the track grooves in a sliding mode, and the guide rails are fixedly welded on the inner wall of the connecting plate;
and the shell is driven to move towards the center direction of the closed loop support continuously until the end part of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly is attached to the end part of the connecting plate, so that the outer diameter of the whole closed loop support is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel, the arc-shaped duct piece assembly is prevented from being scratched by the tunnel, and the moving speed of the closed loop support in the tunnel is ensured.
Preferably, the support assembly comprises: the fixing plate is fixedly connected with the fixing seat, six groups of guide holes are formed in the outer ring of the fixing plate at equal angles, T-shaped support rods for movably inserting the guide holes, assembly grooves are formed in the upper ends of the T-shaped support rods, bearing shafts are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the T-shaped support rods, driving discs are screwed in the fixing plate, the rectangular shafts are connected with sliding rails, the assembly grooves are in sliding connection with the sliding rails, guide grooves are formed in one side of each driving disc, and the bearing shafts are in sliding connection with the guide grooves;
the gear pump drives the driving disc to rotate, so that six groups of bearing shafts simultaneously slide along six groups of guide grooves, under the guidance of the six groups of guide grooves, the six groups of bearing shafts simultaneously drive the T-shaped supporting rods to slide along corresponding guide holes, and the T-shaped supporting rods pull the sliding rails and the rectangular shafts to move together, thereby realizing the simultaneous driving of the six groups of rectangular shafts and ensuring the action consistency of the mechanism.
Preferably, the T-shaped support bar includes: the rod body is connected with the guide hole in a sliding manner, the movable plate is arranged in the rod body, the pressure-bearing shaft is fixedly connected with the movable plate, the elastic sheet is arranged on one side of the movable plate, the guide groove is fixedly connected with two groups of calibration blocks of the movable plate, the guide groove consists of an arc-shaped sliding groove and an inclined arc-shaped groove, the pressure-bearing shaft is movably inserted into the rod body, the end part of the pressure-bearing shaft is connected with the outer ring of the driving disc in a sliding manner, and six groups of pushing blocks are arranged on the outer ring of the driving disc at equal angles;
in the rotation process of the gear pump driving disc, the bearing shaft firstly slides along the arc chute and does not drive the bearing shaft, meanwhile, the pushing block on the driving disc pushes the bearing shaft, the bearing shaft pushes the movable plate to move together with the correcting block, the movable plate compresses the elastic sheet, the moving correcting block slides against one side face of the rod body, if the arc duct piece assembly is not pushed in place, the inverted slope at the end part of the correcting block can extrude the arc duct piece assembly, the arc duct piece assembly is extruded in place through the movement of the correcting block until the pushing block staggers the bearing shaft, then the bearing shaft slides along the inclined arc groove, and the inclined arc groove drives the bearing shaft, so that the correcting effect on the arc duct piece assembly is realized, and the arc duct piece assembly is prevented from being assembled in place and causing structural damage.
Example two
The method for supporting the high-stress soft rock tunnel adopts the high-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure, and comprises the following steps:
step one: measuring and lofting, planning an upper region and a lower region of a tunnel section, wherein the upper region and the lower region respectively comprise at least one cavity along the horizontal direction,
step two: the tunnel vault is provided with a small advance duct and is reinforced by grouting,
step three: excavating from the caverns at one side of the upper area of the tunnel, excavating sequentially from one side of the lower area after the excavation of all the caverns at the upper area is completed,
step four: after excavation of all the chambers is completed, splicing the supporting mechanism outside, fixing the fixing seat on the tunnel car, sequentially installing the six groups of connecting assemblies on the supporting assembly, sequentially splicing the six groups of arc-shaped duct piece assemblies among the six groups of connecting assemblies to enable the supporting assembly, the connecting assemblies and the arc-shaped duct piece assemblies to form a complete closed loop support, carrying the closed loop support into the chambers through the tunnel car, sequentially installing anchor rod supports on the six groups of arc-shaped duct piece assemblies, then placing the next group of closed loop support,
step five: after the supporting of all the chambers is finished, injecting reinforcing materials into the arc-shaped duct piece assembly, and removing all the supporting assemblies after the reinforcing materials are solidified.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. sequentially installing six groups of connecting assemblies on the supporting assembly outside, then butting the assembly holes on the arc-shaped duct piece assemblies with the assembly columns on the connecting assemblies, enabling the arc-shaped duct piece assemblies to be assembled between the two groups of connecting assemblies under the matching effect of the assembly columns and the assembly holes, sequentially installing the rest arc-shaped duct piece assemblies according to the same method, enabling the supporting assembly, the six groups of connecting assemblies and the six groups of arc-shaped duct piece assemblies to form a complete closed loop support, after the closed loop support is placed into a tunnel through the tunnel carrier, anchor rods are arranged on six groups of arc-shaped duct piece assemblies, so that the support in the tunnel is realized.
2. After six groups of arc segment components are assembled between six groups of connecting components, the rectangular shaft is driven towards the central direction of the closed loop support, the rectangular shaft drives the shell and the bearing plate to move together, the bearing plate acts on the U-shaped elastic strip to deform the U-shaped elastic strip, meanwhile, the pin shaft slides along the oblique sliding groove, under the guidance of the oblique sliding groove, the pin shaft drives the limiting rod to slide towards the outer side along the inner cavity of the support, the limiting rod is inserted into the limiting hole until the shell is blocked by the inner wall of the connecting plate, and the limiting rod is matched with the limiting rod, so that the limiting of the arc segment components is realized, and the arc segment components are prevented from being dislocated after being scraped.
3. The shell is driven to move towards the center direction of the closed loop support continuously, the shell drives the connecting assembly to move along with the arc-shaped duct piece assembly towards the center direction of the closed loop support, the inner diameter of the closed loop support is reduced along with the movement, two ends of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly are close to the end parts of the connecting plate, the arc-shaped duct piece assembly pushes the assembly column and the L-shaped limiting plate to move together, the L-shaped limiting plate slides towards the inside of the connecting plate along the guide rail, the U-shaped elastic strip is further compressed until the end parts of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly are attached to the end parts of the connecting plate, the outer diameter of the whole closed loop support is smaller than the inner diameter of a tunnel, the arc-shaped duct piece assembly is prevented from being scratched by the tunnel, and the moving speed of the closed loop support in the tunnel is guaranteed.
4. In the rotation process of the gear pump driving disc, the bearing shaft firstly slides along the arc chute and does not drive the bearing shaft, meanwhile, the pushing block on the driving disc pushes the bearing shaft, the bearing shaft pushes the movable plate to move together with the correcting block, the movable plate compresses the elastic sheet, the moving correcting block slides against one side face of the rod body, if the arc duct piece assembly is not pushed in place, the inverted slope at the end part of the correcting block can extrude the arc duct piece assembly, the arc duct piece assembly is extruded in place through the movement of the correcting block until the pushing block staggers the bearing shaft, then the bearing shaft slides along the inclined arc groove, and the inclined arc groove drives the bearing shaft, so that the correcting effect on the arc duct piece assembly is realized, and the arc duct piece assembly is prevented from being assembled in place and causing structural damage.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a partial assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional connection assembly, mounting post, and arcuate segment assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a combination of a cross-sectional connecting plate, a cross-sectional L-shaped limiting plate, a cross-sectional movable mechanism and an arc-shaped duct piece assembly.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 4.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a support assembly and connection assembly in partial cross section of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an arc segment assembly, a connecting plate, a cross-sectional T-shaped support bar and a driving disc assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a combination of a driving disk and a receiving shaft according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a fixing seat; 2. a support assembly; 3. a connection assembly; 4. assembling a column; 5. an arc segment assembly; 51. a fitting hole; 52. a limiting hole; 6. a bolt; 301. a connecting plate; 302. an L-shaped limiting plate; 303. a track groove; 304. a guide rail; 305. a U-shaped spring strip; 306. a pressure bearing plate; 307. a movable mechanism; 3071. a housing; 711. an inclined chute; 3072. a bracket; 3073. a limit rod; 3074. a pin shaft; 3075. a rectangular shaft; 3076. a slide rail; 201. a fixing plate; 202. a guide hole; 203. a T-shaped support rod; 204. an assembly groove; 205. a receiving shaft; 206. a drive plate; 2061. a guide groove; 611. an arc chute; 612. oblique arc grooves; 2062. pushing blocks; 2031. a rod body; 2032. a movable plate; 2033. a pressure bearing shaft; 2034. a spring plate; 2035. and (5) a calibration block.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the high-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure according to the embodiment of the invention comprises a fixing seat 1, wherein the fixing seat 1 is fixedly connected with a supporting component 2, six groups of connecting components 3 are arranged on the supporting component 2 at equal angles, two groups of assembling posts 4 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the six groups of connecting components 3, the assembling posts 4 are inserted into an arc-shaped duct piece component 5, two groups of assembling holes 50 are symmetrically arranged on two ends of the arc-shaped duct piece component 5, the assembling posts 4 are movably inserted into the assembling holes 50, and anchor rods 6 are inserted into the arc-shaped duct piece component 5.
Specifically, fixing base 1 is fixed on the tunnel carrier through the bolt, arc section of jurisdiction subassembly 5 adopts the relevant structure in a tunnel supporting construction and the construction method of above-mentioned publication number CN115110966A, when need to support in the tunnel, install six sets of coupling assembling 3 on supporting component 2 in proper order in the external world, then dock the pilot hole 50 on the arc section of jurisdiction subassembly 5 with the assembly post 4 on coupling assembling 3, under the cooperation of assembly post 4 and pilot hole 50, make arc section of jurisdiction subassembly 5 assembled between two sets of coupling assembling 3, install remaining arc section of jurisdiction subassembly 5 in proper order according to the same method, make supporting component 2, six sets of coupling assembling 3, six sets of arc section of jurisdiction subassemblies 5 constitute and form a complete closed loop support, put into the tunnel through the tunnel carrier after this closed loop support, support in the realization is to the tunnel, compared with prior art, the device structure of the invention is simple and easy to assemble, and is in assembling, the handling equipment operation of large-scale external equipment of being convenient for is not only touched, thereby the work risk of the device is reduced simultaneously is not improved.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the connection assembly 3 includes: the connecting plate 301, the connecting plate 301 is located between two sets of arc section of jurisdiction subassemblies 5, two sets of L type limiting plates 302 of symmetry movable mounting in the connecting plate 301, assembly post 4 fixed welding is on L type limiting plates 302, a plurality of sets of U type bullet strip 305 of setting between two sets of L type limiting plates 302, the bearing plate 306 of setting above a plurality of sets of U type bullet strip 305, and the movable mechanism 307 of connecting the bearing plate 306, the movable mechanism 307 includes: the shell 3071, the support plate 306 is fixedly connected to the shell 3071, the support 3072 is arranged in the shell 3071, the limiting rods 3073 are symmetrically movably inserted into two ends of the support 3072, the pin shafts 3074 are fixedly arranged at one ends of the limiting rods 3073, the rectangular shafts 3075 are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the shell 3071, four groups of inclined sliding grooves 711 are symmetrically arranged on two sides in the shell 3071, the pin shafts 3074 are in sliding connection with the inclined sliding grooves 711, two groups of limiting holes 52 are symmetrically formed in two ends of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5, the limiting rods 3073 are inserted into the limiting holes 52, rectangular holes are formed in the lower end faces of the connecting plates 301, and the rectangular shafts 3075 are in sliding connection with the rectangular holes.
Specifically, after the assembly of the device is completed, the tunnel carrier puts the closed loop support into the tunnel, because the inner diameter of the tunnel is tightly matched with the outer diameter of the closed loop support, when the closed loop support moves in the tunnel, the arc segment assembly 5 can vibrate and simultaneously can be scratched by the inner wall of the tunnel, if the arc segment assembly 5 is not fixed with the connecting assembly 3, vibration and scratch can lead the arc segment assembly 5 to be dislocated, after the six groups of arc segment assemblies 5 are assembled between the six groups of connecting assemblies 3, the rectangular shaft 3075 is driven towards the center direction of the closed loop support, the rectangular shaft 3075 drives the shell 3071 and the bearing plate 306 to move together, the bearing plate 306 acts on the U-shaped elastic strip 305, the U-shaped elastic strip 305 deforms, meanwhile, the pin 3074 slides along the inclined chute 711, under the guidance of the inclined chute 711, the pin 3074 drives the limiting rod 3073 to slide towards the outer side along the inner cavity of the bracket 3072, the limiting rod 3073 is inserted into the limiting hole 52 until the shell 3071 is blocked by the inner wall of the connecting plate 301, and the limit rod 3073 is matched with the limiting rod 3073, so that the arc segment assembly 5 is prevented from being dislocated after the arc segment assembly 5 is realized.
Further, four groups of track grooves 303 are formed in the L-shaped limiting plate 302, guide rails 304 are slidably connected with the track grooves 303, and the guide rails 304 are fixedly welded on the inner wall of the connecting plate 301.
Specifically, after the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5 is limited, although the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5 cannot be dislocated, scraping of the inner wall of the tunnel affects the moving speed of the closed loop support, so after the shell 3071 is blocked by the inner wall of the connecting plate 301, the shell 3071 is driven to move towards the center direction of the closed loop support, at this time, the shell 3071 drives the connecting assembly 3 to move towards the center direction of the closed loop support together with the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5, along with the moving, the inner diameter of the closed loop support is reduced, so that two ends of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5 are close to the end of the connecting plate 301, the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5 pushes the assembly column 4 and the L-shaped limiting plate 302 to move together, the L-shaped limiting plate 302 slides towards the inside of the connecting plate 301 along the guide rail 304, and further compresses the U-shaped elastic strip 305 until the end of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5 is attached to the end of the connecting plate 301, so that the outer diameter of the whole closed loop support is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel, the arc-shaped assembly 5 is prevented from being scratched by the tunnel, and the moving speed of the closed loop support in the tunnel is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 6, the support assembly 2 includes: the fixed plate 201, six groups of guide holes 202 are formed in the outer circle of the fixed plate 201 at equal angles, T-shaped supporting rods 203 are movably inserted into the guide holes 202, assembly grooves 204 are formed in the upper ends of the T-shaped supporting rods 203, bearing shafts 205 are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the T-shaped supporting rods 203, driving discs 206 are rotatably connected in the fixed plate 201, the rectangular shafts 3075 are connected with sliding rails 3076, the assembly grooves 204 are slidably connected with the sliding rails 3076, guide grooves 2061 are formed in one sides of the driving discs 206, and the bearing shafts 205 are slidably connected with the guide grooves 2061.
Specifically, the connection assembly 3 is matched with the slide rail 3076 through the assembly groove 204, so that the connection assembly 3 is assembled on the support assembly 2, the driving disc 206 is driven by the gear pump, when the arc segment assembly 5 is limited and the outer diameter of the closed loop support is reduced, the six groups of rectangular shafts 3075 are required to be driven to move towards the center direction of the closed loop support, if the six groups of rectangular shafts 3075 are independently driven, the six groups of rectangular shafts 3075 cannot be driven simultaneously, so that the mechanism action is inconsistent, the mechanism is crashed and damaged, when the six groups of rectangular shafts 3075 are driven to move, the gear pump drives the driving disc 206 to rotate, the six groups of receiving shafts 205 simultaneously slide along the six groups of guide grooves 2061, the six groups of receiving shafts 205 simultaneously drive the T-shaped support rods 203 to slide along the corresponding guide holes 202 under the guidance of the six groups of guide grooves 2061, and the T-shaped support rods 203 pull the slide rail 3076 and the rectangular shafts 3075 to move together, so that the mechanism action consistency is realized.
As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the T-shaped support bar 203 includes: the rod body 2031, the rod body 2031 is connected with the guide hole 202 in a sliding manner, the movable plate 2032 is arranged in the rod body 2031, the pressure bearing shaft 2033 is fixedly connected with the movable plate 2032, the elastic sheet 2034 is arranged on one side of the movable plate 2032, the guide groove 2061 is formed by an arc chute 611 and an oblique arc groove 612, the pressure bearing shaft 2033 is movably connected with the rod body 2031 in a sliding manner, the end part of the pressure bearing shaft 2033 is connected with the outer ring of the driving disc 206 in a sliding manner, and six groups of pushing blocks 2062 are arranged on the outer ring of the driving disc 206 at equal angles.
Specifically, the length of the upper end of the rod body 2031 is equal to the length of the arc-shaped segment assembly 5, the end of the positioning block 2035 is provided with an inverted slope, the gear pump driving disc 206 can drive the rectangular shaft 3075, so that the limiting rod 3073 is inserted into the limiting hole 52, however, when the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 is assembled between two groups of connecting assemblies 3, if the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 is not pushed in place, the limiting rod 3073 cannot face the limiting hole 52, once the gear pump is started, the limiting rod 3073 and the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 are mutually extruded to cause damage, therefore, in the rotation process of the gear pump driving disc 206, the bearing shaft 205 firstly slides along the arc-shaped chute 611 and does not drive the bearing shaft 205, meanwhile, the pushing block 2062 on the driving disc 206 pushes the bearing shaft 2033, the movable plate 2032 moves together with the limiting plate 2035, and the movable plate 2034 compresses the movable elastic sheet 2035, if the arc-shaped segment assembly 5 is not pushed in place, the moving positioning block 2035 slides against one side of the limiting rod 2031, and the arc-shaped segment assembly 205 is prevented from being pushed by the inclined slope, and the bearing shaft 205 is prevented from moving along the arc-shaped chute 612, and the arc-shaped segment assembly 205 is prevented from being obliquely pressed to cause damage, and the arc-shaped segment assembly 205 is not pushed to be obliquely moved to the arc-shaped segment assembly 5.
Example two
The method for supporting the high-stress soft rock tunnel adopts the high-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure, and comprises the following steps:
step one: measuring and lofting, planning an upper region and a lower region of a tunnel section, wherein the upper region and the lower region respectively comprise at least one cavity along the horizontal direction,
step two: the tunnel vault is provided with a small advance duct and is reinforced by grouting,
step three: excavating from the caverns at one side of the upper area of the tunnel, excavating sequentially from one side of the lower area after the excavation of all the caverns at the upper area is completed,
step four: after excavation of all the caverns is completed, splicing the supporting mechanism outside, fixing the fixing seat 1 on the tunnel car, sequentially installing the six groups of connecting assemblies 3 on the supporting assembly 2, sequentially splicing the six groups of arc-shaped duct piece assemblies 5 between the six groups of connecting assemblies 3, enabling the supporting assembly 2, the connecting assemblies 3 and the arc-shaped duct piece assemblies 5 to form a complete closed loop support, carrying the closed loop support into the caverns through the tunnel car, sequentially driving the anchor rods 6 on the six groups of arc-shaped duct piece assemblies 5 to complete supporting, then placing the next group of closed loop support,
step five: after the supporting of all the chambers is finished, the reinforcing material is injected into the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5, and after the reinforcing material is solidified, all the supporting assemblies 2 are removed.
In the working principle, six groups of connecting assemblies 3 are sequentially installed on a supporting assembly 2 outside, then the assembling holes 50 on the arc-shaped duct piece assemblies 5 are in butt joint with the assembling columns 4 on the connecting assemblies 3, under the matching action of the assembling columns 4 and the assembling holes 50, the arc-shaped duct piece assemblies 5 are assembled between the two groups of connecting assemblies 3, the gear pump drives the driving disc 206 to rotate, the six groups of bearing shafts 205 simultaneously slide along the six groups of guide grooves 2061, under the guidance of the six groups of guide grooves 2061, the six groups of bearing shafts 205 simultaneously drive the T-shaped supporting rods 203 to slide along the corresponding guide holes 202, the bearing shafts 205 firstly slide along the arc-shaped sliding grooves 611 and do not generate driving action on the bearing shafts 205, meanwhile, the pushing blocks 2062 on the driving disc 206 are pushed to the bearing shafts 2033, the bearing shafts 2033 push the movable plates 2032 to move together with the correcting blocks 2035, the movable plates 2032 compress the elastic pieces 2034, the moving aligning block 2035 slides against one side of the rod body 2031, if the arc segment assembly 5 is not pushed in place, the inverted slope at the end of the aligning block 2035 will squeeze the arc segment assembly 5, the arc segment assembly 5 will be squeezed in place by the movement of the aligning block 2035 until the pushing block 2062 is staggered with the bearing shaft 2033, then the bearing shaft 205 will slide along the oblique arc groove 612, the oblique arc groove 612 will exert driving action on the bearing shaft 205, the six sets of bearing shafts 205 simultaneously drive the T-shaped supporting rods 203 to slide along the corresponding guide holes 202, the T-shaped supporting rods 203 pull the sliding rails 3076 and the rectangular shaft 3075 to move together, the rectangular shaft 3075 drives the housing 3071 and the bearing plate 306 to move together, the bearing plate 306 acts on the U-shaped elastic strip 305 to deform the U-shaped elastic strip 305, meanwhile the pin shaft 3074 slides along the oblique sliding groove 711 under the guidance of the oblique sliding groove 711, the pin shaft 3074 drives the limiting rod 3073 to slide outwards along the inner cavity of the bracket 3072, the limiting rod 3073 is inserted into the limiting hole 52, the shell 3071 is driven to move towards the closed loop support center continuously, the shell 3071 drives the connecting assembly 3 to move towards the closed loop support center together with the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5, the inner diameter of the closed loop support is reduced along with the movement, two ends of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5 are close to the end parts of the connecting plate 301, the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5 pushes the assembly column 4 and the L-shaped limiting plate 302 to move together, the L-shaped limiting plate 302 slides towards the inside of the connecting plate 301 along the guide rail 304, and the U-shaped elastic strip 305 is further compressed until the end parts of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly 5 are attached to the end parts of the connecting plate 301.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high stress soft rock tunnel supporting construction, includes fixing base (1), its characterized in that: the fixing seat (1) is fixedly connected with the supporting component (2), six groups of connecting components (3) are arranged on the supporting component (2) at equal angles, two groups of assembling columns (4) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the six groups of connecting components (3), and the assembling columns (4) are inserted into the arc-shaped duct piece component (5);
two groups of assembly holes (50) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly (5), the assembly posts (4) are movably inserted into the assembly holes (50), and anchor rods (6) are inserted into the arc-shaped duct piece assembly (5).
2. The high stress soft rock tunnel support structure of claim 1, wherein: the connection assembly (3) comprises:
the connecting plates (301), the connecting plates (301) are positioned between two groups of arc-shaped duct piece assemblies (5);
two groups of L-shaped limiting plates (302) symmetrically and movably arranged in the connecting plate (301), and the assembling columns (4) are fixedly welded on the L-shaped limiting plates (302);
four groups of track grooves (303) are formed in the L-shaped limiting plate (302);
a guide rail (304) which is in sliding connection with the rail groove (303), wherein the guide rail (304) is fixedly welded on the inner wall of the connecting plate (301);
a plurality of groups of U-shaped elastic strips (305) arranged between the two groups of L-shaped limiting plates (302);
bearing plates (306) arranged above the groups of U-shaped elastic strips (305);
the method comprises the steps of,
and a movable mechanism (307) connected to the pressure receiving plate (306).
3. A high stress soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 2, wherein: the movable mechanism (307) includes:
a housing (3071), the housing (3071) being fixedly connected to the pressure-bearing plate (306);
a bracket (3072) disposed within the housing (3071);
limiting rods (3073) symmetrically and movably inserted at two ends of the bracket (3072);
the pin shaft (3074) is fixedly arranged at one end of the limiting rod (3073);
the method comprises the steps of,
and a rectangular shaft (3075) fixedly installed at the lower end of the housing (3071).
4. A high stress soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 3, wherein: four groups of inclined sliding grooves (711) are symmetrically arranged on two sides in the shell (3071), and the pin shaft (3074) is connected with the inclined sliding grooves (711) in a sliding mode.
5. The high stress soft rock tunnel support structure of claim 4, wherein: two groups of limiting holes (52) are symmetrically formed in two ends of the arc-shaped duct piece assembly (5), the limiting rods (3073) are inserted into the limiting holes (52), rectangular holes are formed in the lower end face of the connecting plate (301), and the rectangular shafts (3075) are connected with the rectangular holes in a sliding mode.
6. The high stress soft rock tunnel support structure of claim 5, wherein: the support assembly (2) comprises:
the fixing plate (201), the said fixing plate (201) connects the said fixing base (1) fixedly;
six groups of guide holes (202) are formed on the outer ring of the fixed plate (201) at equal angles;
a T-shaped supporting rod (203) movably inserted into the guide hole (202);
an assembly groove (204) arranged at the upper end of the T-shaped supporting rod (203);
a bearing shaft (205) fixedly arranged at the lower end of the T-shaped supporting rod (203);
the method comprises the steps of,
and a driving disk (206) screwed in the fixed plate (201).
7. The high stress soft rock tunnel support structure of claim 6, wherein: the rectangular shaft (3075) is connected with the sliding rail (3076), the assembly groove (204) is connected with the sliding rail (3076) in a sliding mode, a guide groove (2061) is formed in one side of the driving disc (206), and the receiving shaft (205) is connected with the guide groove (2061) in a sliding mode.
8. The high stress soft rock tunnel support structure of claim 7, wherein: the T-shaped support bar (203) comprises:
the rod body (2031) is connected with the guide hole (202) in a sliding manner;
a movable plate (2032) provided in the rod body (2031);
a pressure bearing shaft (2033) fixedly connected with the movable plate (2032);
a spring plate (2034) arranged on one side of the movable plate (2032);
the method comprises the steps of,
two groups of calibration blocks (2035) fixedly connected with the movable plate (2032).
9. The high stress soft rock tunnel support structure of claim 8, wherein: the guide groove (2061) is composed of an arc-shaped chute (611) and an inclined arc-shaped groove (612), the pressure-bearing shaft (2033) is movably inserted into the rod body (2031), the end part of the pressure-bearing shaft (2033) is slidably connected with the outer ring of the driving disc (206), and six groups of pushing blocks (2062) are arranged on the outer ring of the driving disc (206) at equal angles.
10. A method of high stress soft rock tunnel support employing a high stress soft rock tunnel support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
step one: measuring and lofting, namely planning an upper region and a lower region of a tunnel section, wherein the upper region and the lower region respectively comprise at least one cavity along the horizontal direction;
step two: arranging a small advance guide pipe on the vault of the tunnel and grouting for reinforcement;
step three: excavating cavities on one side of an upper area of a tunnel, and sequentially excavating cavities on one side of a lower area after the excavation of all cavities on the upper area is completed;
step four: after excavation of all the caverns is completed, splicing supporting mechanisms outside, fixing a fixing seat (1) on a tunnel car, sequentially installing six groups of connecting assemblies (3) on a supporting assembly (2), sequentially splicing six groups of arc-shaped duct piece assemblies (5) between the six groups of connecting assemblies (3), enabling the supporting assembly (2), the connecting assemblies (3) and the arc-shaped duct piece assemblies (5) to form a complete closed loop support, carrying the closed loop support into the caverns through the tunnel car, sequentially drilling anchor rods (6) on the six groups of arc-shaped duct piece assemblies (5), and putting the next group of closed loop support after the supporting is completed;
step five: after all the chambers are supported, injecting reinforcing materials into the arc-shaped duct piece assembly (5); and after the reinforcing material is solidified, removing all the supporting components (2).
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| CN202310867133.8A CN116906076A (en) | 2023-07-14 | 2023-07-14 | High-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117589970A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-23 | 北京交通大学 | Tunnel excavation test device capable of simulating fluid-solid coupling effect |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117589970A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-23 | 北京交通大学 | Tunnel excavation test device capable of simulating fluid-solid coupling effect |
| CN117589970B (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-03-29 | 北京交通大学 | Tunnel excavation test device capable of simulating fluid-solid coupling effect |
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