CN116904676A - Method and system for smelting scrap steel in main channel of blast furnace - Google Patents
Method and system for smelting scrap steel in main channel of blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN116904676A CN116904676A CN202310885804.3A CN202310885804A CN116904676A CN 116904676 A CN116904676 A CN 116904676A CN 202310885804 A CN202310885804 A CN 202310885804A CN 116904676 A CN116904676 A CN 116904676A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 604
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 303
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 102000005298 Iron-Sulfur Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 108010081409 Iron-Sulfur Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/14—Discharging devices, e.g. for slag
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a system for smelting scrap steel in a main channel of a blast furnace, wherein the method comprises the following steps: detecting the position of a slag iron drop point in a main channel of the blast furnace; when the mass components of the molten iron at the outlet of the slag skimmer of the main ditch and the temperature of the molten iron meet the standard values, adding scrap steel at the position of a slag iron drop point; determining the addition amount of scrap steel by taking the ladle amount of molten iron as a reference and combining the mass components of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron; wherein the molten iron mass components comprise molten iron silicon content and molten iron sulfur content. According to the scheme, the addition amount of the scrap steel is specifically quantized through the mass components of the molten iron and the temperature data of the molten iron, the amount of the molten scrap steel can be increased to the greatest extent, and the smelting effect of the scrap steel in the main ditch is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to a method and a system for smelting scrap steel in a main channel of a blast furnace.
Background
In order to better realize recycling of a large amount of scrap steel resources, scrap steel is generally consumed by adding scrap steel in a steelmaking link and adding scrap steel in a blast furnace ladle.
However, the addition of scrap in the steelmaking process and the addition of scrap in the blast furnace ladle all require the consumption of the heat energy of molten iron to melt the scrap, and the scrap necessarily contains part of impurities, and a large amount of residues are produced in the melting process, so that the quality of the molten iron is greatly affected. And part of iron and steel enterprises bake and preheat scrap steel in the ladle, so that the temperature of the scrap steel is increased, the energy consumption of molten iron by the melting of the scrap steel is reduced, but slag generated by preheating the scrap steel and melting the scrap steel is specially treated (slag pouring is generally required), so that the labor intensity in the use process of the scrap steel is increased, and the use cost of the scrap steel is also increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for smelting scrap steel in a main channel of a blast furnace, which are used for stabilizing the quality of molten iron by adopting the main channel of the blast furnace to smelt the scrap steel.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace, comprising:
detecting the position of a slag iron drop point in a main channel of the blast furnace;
when the mass components of the molten iron at the outlet of the skimming device of the main ditch and the temperature of the molten iron meet standard values, adding scrap steel into the position of the slag iron drop point;
determining the addition amount of the scrap steel by taking the ladle amount of molten iron as a reference and combining the mass components of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron;
wherein the molten iron mass components comprise molten iron silicon content and molten iron sulfur content.
Optionally, the step of determining the addition amount of the scrap steel by combining the molten iron mass component and the molten iron temperature based on the ladle amount comprises:
determining a first maximum addition amount of the scrap steel when the silicon content of the molten iron meets a standard value according to a first preset coefficient, determining a second maximum addition amount of the scrap steel when the sulfur content of the molten iron meets the standard value according to a second preset coefficient, and determining a third maximum addition amount of the scrap steel when the temperature of the molten iron meets the standard value according to a third preset coefficient when the ladle content of the molten iron is the first preset ladle content;
taking the minimum value of the first maximum addition amount, the second maximum addition amount and the third maximum addition amount as the maximum value of the addition amount of the scrap steel;
wherein the first maximum addition amount is equal to the quotient of the reduction value of the silicon content of the molten iron and the first preset coefficient, and the reduction value of the silicon content of the molten iron is the difference value between the actual value of the silicon content of the molten iron and the standard value of the silicon content of the molten iron; the second maximum adding amount is equal to the quotient of the added value of the sulfur content of the molten iron and the second preset coefficient, and the added value of the sulfur content of the molten iron is the difference value between the standard value of the sulfur content of the molten iron and the actual value of the sulfur content of the molten iron; the third maximum addition amount is equal to the quotient of the reduced value of the molten iron temperature and the third preset coefficient, and the reduced value of the molten iron temperature is equal to the difference between the actual value of the molten iron temperature and the standard value of the molten iron temperature.
Optionally, the method for determining the first preset coefficient is as follows:
and determining that when 1 ton of scrap steel is added under the condition that the molten iron packing quantity is the first preset packing quantity, wherein the reduction percentage of the silicon content of the molten iron is the first preset coefficient.
Optionally, the determining method of the second preset coefficient is as follows:
and determining that when 1 ton of scrap steel is added under the condition that the molten iron packing quantity is the first preset packing quantity, the percentage of increase of the sulfur content of the molten iron is the second preset coefficient.
Optionally, the method for determining the third preset coefficient is as follows:
and determining that when 1 ton of scrap steel is added under the condition that the molten iron packing quantity is the first preset packing quantity, wherein the reduction value of the molten iron temperature is the third preset coefficient.
Optionally, after determining the addition amount of the scrap, the method for smelting scrap in the main shaft of the blast furnace further includes:
and determining the time for filling the molten iron packaging amount according to the molten iron flow, and determining the steel adding speed according to the adding amount of the scrap steel.
Optionally, the method for smelting scrap steel in the main shaft of the blast furnace further comprises:
and adjusting the steel adding speed according to the silicon content of the molten iron, the sulfur content of the molten iron, the temperature of the molten iron and the flow rate of the molten iron at each preset time interval.
Alternatively, when the flow rate of the molten iron exceeds the upper limit of the flow control standard, the addition of the scrap steel is stopped.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace, comprising:
the scrap adding device is arranged at one side of the main ditch of the blast furnace and is used for adding scrap into the main ditch when the mass components of molten iron at the outlet of the skimming device of the main ditch and the temperature of the molten iron meet standard values; wherein the molten iron mass components comprise molten iron silicon content and molten iron sulfur content;
the positioning mechanism is used for detecting the position of a slag iron falling point in a main ditch of the blast furnace and controlling the scrap adding device to move to the position of the slag iron falling point;
the control module is connected with the scrap adding device and is used for detecting the mass components of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron, determining the adding amount of the scrap by taking the ladle charging amount of the molten iron as a reference and combining the mass components of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron, and controlling the scrap adding device to execute scrap adding operation.
Optionally, the control module is further configured to control the scrap adding device to stop the scrap adding operation when any parameter of the silicon content of the molten iron, the sulfur content of the molten iron, or the temperature of the molten iron does not meet a standard value.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the position of the slag iron drop point in the main ditch of the blast furnace, when the mass component of molten iron at the outlet of the slag skimmer of the main ditch and the temperature of the molten iron meet the standard values, adding scrap steel into the position of the slag iron drop point, and determining the adding quantity of the scrap steel by taking the molten iron packing quantity as a reference and combining the mass component of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron. According to the scheme, the addition amount of the scrap steel is closely related to the quality component of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron, and the addition amount of the scrap steel is accurately controlled by taking the ladle amount of the molten iron as a reference, so that the stable control of the quality component of the molten iron is facilitated, the problem that the slag-iron separation effect is poor due to excessive addition of the scrap steel can be effectively avoided, safety accidents such as knocking and explosion occur when the molten iron enters a lower slag runner, or the smelting effect cannot be improved due to insufficient addition of the scrap steel. According to the scheme, the addition amount of the scrap steel is specifically quantized through the mass components of the molten iron and the temperature data of the molten iron, the amount of the molten scrap steel can be increased to the greatest extent, and the smelting effect of the scrap steel in the main ditch is improved.
It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the description that follows.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a blast furnace apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of another method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for smelting scrap steel in a main blast furnace channel according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a blast furnace device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the method for smelting scrap steel in a main blast furnace channel according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s110, detecting the position of a slag iron falling point in a main channel of the blast furnace.
The blast furnace 11 has a tap hole 12 for injecting slag iron, and a main runner 15 is provided in correspondence with the tap hole 12. When the iron notch 12 is opened, slag iron sprayed out of the iron notch 12 falls into the main groove 15 after the iron notch 12 comes from slag. The position of the iron slag drop point in the main ditch 15 is detected, and the steel feeding device is controlled to move to the iron slag drop point position 13 along the main ditch 15 so as to be capable of feeding scrap steel into the iron slag drop point position 13 in the main ditch 15, thereby realizing the smelting of the scrap steel fed into the main ditch 15 by utilizing the high-temperature iron slag produced by the main ditch 15. The slag iron drop point position 13 is related to the flow rate of slag iron discharged from the tap hole 12 and the pressure in the blast furnace 11.
And S120, adding scrap steel into the slag iron drop point position when the mass components of molten iron at the outlet of the slag skimmer of the main ditch and the temperature of the molten iron meet the standard values.
Specifically, the iron slag sprayed from the tap hole 12 flows in the main runner 15, and the slag in the main runner 15 flows into the lower runner 16 by the separation action of the skimmer 17, and the molten iron flows into the ladle through the outlet of the skimmer 17. And detecting the molten iron mass components at the outlet of the skimming device 17, wherein the molten iron mass components comprise the silicon content of the molten iron and the sulfur content of the molten iron. After the scrap steel is added into the main channel 15 for smelting, the silicon content of the molten iron is inevitably reduced, and the sulfur content of the molten iron is increased. Therefore, the quality components of the molten iron before adding the scrap are detected, and if the silicon content of the molten iron is lower than the standard value, the scrap is not added into the main channel 15, and if the silicon content of the molten iron is higher than the standard value, the scrap is not added into the main channel 15.
In addition, after the scrap is added to the main shaft 15, the heat energy of the iron slag is inevitably consumed for smelting the scrap, so that the temperature of the molten iron is reduced, therefore, in the process of tapping the iron, the temperature of the molten iron is also required to be detected in real time, when the detected temperature of the molten iron is lower than the standard value of the minimum molten iron temperature required for adding the scrap, the scrap is not added, otherwise, the heat consumption of the molten scrap is easily caused, and the temperature of the molten iron is excessively low and does not reach the standard.
Since the molten iron mass composition and the molten iron temperature are important indexes affecting the quality of steel making, the operation of adding scrap into the main shaft 15 is not performed when either one of the parameters of the molten iron mass composition (including the silicon content of molten iron and the sulfur content of molten iron) and the molten iron temperature does not satisfy the standard value. The operation of adding scrap into the main shaft 15 is performed only when both the molten iron mass composition and the molten iron temperature satisfy the corresponding standard values, and at this time, the scrap adding device is controlled to move to the side of the scrap dropping point position 13 to prepare for adding scrap. By adding scrap steel at the slag iron drop point 13, enough time can be ensured to smelt the scrap steel, thereby being beneficial to improving smelting effect and improving the utilization rate of the scrap steel.
S130, determining the addition amount of the scrap steel by taking the ladle charging amount as a reference and combining the mass components of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron.
In order to accurately control the addition amount of the scrap, the embodiment uses the molten iron packing amount as a reference to determine the addition amount of the scrap. Specifically, a reference value of the ladle amount is set, and in the case of fixing the ladle amount, the correspondence between the amount of added scrap and the silicon content of the molten iron, the sulfur content of the molten iron, and the temperature of the molten iron is determined, respectively, so that the amount of added scrap when the silicon content of the molten iron is not lower than the reference value, the sulfur content of the molten iron is not higher than the reference value, and the temperature of the molten iron is not lower than the reference value is determined, so that after the scrap is added into the main channel 15, the mass component of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron still satisfy the demand, and the mass component of the molten iron or the temperature of the molten iron does not reach the standard.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the position of the slag iron drop point in the main ditch of the blast furnace, when the mass component of molten iron at the outlet of the slag skimmer of the main ditch and the temperature of the molten iron meet the standard values, adding scrap steel into the position of the slag iron drop point, and determining the adding quantity of the scrap steel by taking the molten iron packing quantity as a reference and combining the mass component of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron. According to the scheme, the addition amount of the scrap steel is closely related to the quality component of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron, and the addition amount of the scrap steel is accurately controlled by taking the ladle amount of the molten iron as a reference, so that the stable control of the quality component of the molten iron is facilitated, the problem that the slag-iron separation effect is poor due to excessive addition of the scrap steel can be effectively avoided, safety accidents such as knocking and explosion occur when the molten iron enters a lower slag runner, or the smelting effect cannot be improved due to insufficient addition of the scrap steel. According to the scheme, the addition amount of the scrap steel is specifically quantized through the mass components of the molten iron and the temperature data of the molten iron, the amount of the molten scrap steel can be increased to the greatest extent, and the smelting effect of the scrap steel in the main ditch is improved.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of another method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, on the basis of the above technical solution, optionally, the method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace according to the embodiment includes:
s110, detecting the position of a slag iron falling point in a main channel of the blast furnace.
And S120, adding scrap steel into the slag iron drop point position when the mass components of molten iron at the outlet of the slag skimmer of the main ditch and the temperature of the molten iron meet the standard values.
S1301, determining a first maximum adding amount of scrap steel when the silicon content of molten iron meets a standard value according to a first preset coefficient, determining a second maximum adding amount of scrap steel when the sulfur content of molten iron meets the standard value according to a second preset coefficient and determining a third maximum adding amount of scrap steel when the temperature of molten iron meets the standard value according to a third preset coefficient when the molten iron package quantity is the first preset package quantity.
Wherein the first maximum adding amount is equal to the quotient of the reduction value of the silicon content of the molten iron and a first preset coefficient, and the reduction value of the silicon content of the molten iron is the difference value between the actual value of the silicon content of the molten iron and the standard value of the silicon content of the molten iron; the second maximum adding amount is equal to the quotient of the added value of the sulfur content of the molten iron and a second preset coefficient, and the added value of the sulfur content of the molten iron is the difference value between the standard value of the sulfur content of the molten iron and the actual value of the sulfur content of the molten iron; the third maximum addition amount is equal to the quotient of the reduced value of the molten iron temperature and the third preset coefficient, and the reduced value of the molten iron temperature is equal to the difference between the actual value of the molten iron temperature and the standard value of the molten iron temperature.
Specifically, the addition amount of the scrap steel is in direct proportion to the reduction value of the silicon content of the molten iron in the mass components of the molten iron and in inverse proportion to the increase value of the sulfur content of the molten iron, namely, a corresponding relational expression is established: Δsi=α=m, Δs=β×m, Δsi represents a reduction value of the silicon content of molten iron after adding scrap, Δs represents an increase value of the sulfur content of molten iron after adding scrap, m represents an addition amount of scrap, α is a first preset coefficient, and β is a second preset coefficient. In addition, when scrap is added to the main shaft 15 of the blast furnace to perform smelting, the tapping temperature is reduced, and the addition amount of the scrap is proportional to the reduction value of the molten iron temperature, that is, Δt= & gt m, Δt represents the reduction value of the molten iron temperature after the scrap is added, and is a third preset coefficient.
In this embodiment, the method for determining the first preset coefficient α is:
the ladle charging amount was set to 100 tons, 10 tons of scrap steel (gradually added from 1 ton to 10 tons) was added to the ladle, and the influence of the added scrap steel on the silicon content of the molten iron was detected every 0.5 ton. For example, when the amount of scrap added reaches 10 tons, it is detected that the silicon content of molten iron decreases by Δsi=0.15%, that is, 10 tons of scrap is added per 100 tons of molten iron to be melted, and the silicon content of molten iron decreases by 0.15%, and when 1 ton of scrap is added, the silicon content of molten iron decreases by 0.015%, and thus the first preset coefficient α is 0.015%.
The scrap addition amount m=Δsi/0.015% was determined per 100 tons of molten iron, with the silicon content of the molten iron as a reference. For example, when the silicon content of the molten iron in the main channel 15 is detected to be 0.6% and the standard value of the silicon content of the molten iron is 0.3% or more in the tapping process, the maximum value of the addition amount of the scrap is calculated to be (0.6% -0.3%)/0.015% = 20 tons.
Similarly, the second preset coefficient beta and the third preset coefficient &canbe obtained by adopting the method. Illustratively, 100 tons of molten iron is obtained, and the sulfur content of molten iron increases by 0.008% at 10 tons of scrap, and therefore, the scrap addition m=Δs/0.0008% is determined per 100 tons of molten iron by taking the sulfur content of molten iron as a reference. For example, when the sulfur content of molten iron in the main channel 15 is detected to be 0.025% and the standard value of the silicon content of molten iron is 0.040% or less in the tapping process, the maximum value of the scrap addition amount is calculated to be (0.040% -0.025%)/0.0008% = 18.75 tons.
At 100 tons of tapping molten iron and 10 tons of scrap addition, the molten iron temperature was reduced by 80 ℃ (including the temperature loss of the molten iron during the inflow into the ladle), and the scrap addition was determined for each 100 tons of tapping molten iron as follows: m=Δt/8; if the molten iron temperature of the main runner 15 is detected to be 1520 deg.c and the standard value of the molten iron temperature is 1400 deg.c or more in the tapping process, the maximum value of the scrap addition amount is calculated to be (1520-1400)/8=15 tons.
In this embodiment, the above method for determining the preset coefficients is adopted, and 100 tons of molten iron is taken as a control point to obtain α=0.015%, β=0.0008%, =80 ℃, and the addition amount of scrap steel is determined for each 100 tons of molten iron.
S1302, taking the minimum value of the first maximum adding amount, the second maximum adding amount and the third maximum adding amount as the maximum value of the adding amount of the scrap.
And stopping adding the scrap steel when any one of the parameters of the molten iron temperature, the molten iron silicon content and the molten iron sulfur content does not meet the standard value.
In the embodiment, the molten iron packing amount is fixed, and the molten iron packing amount is taken as a reference, so that the addition amount of the scrap steel under the molten iron packing amount can be accurately controlled, the consumption amount of the scrap steel is furthest increased on the premise of ensuring the molten iron quality and the molten iron temperature, and the subsequent procedures of blast furnace smelting are effectively prevented from being influenced.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of another method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein on the basis of the above technical solutions, after determining the addition amount of the scrap steel, the method further includes:
s140, determining the time for filling the molten iron packaging amount according to the molten iron flow, and determining the steel adding speed according to the scrap steel adding amount.
Specifically, the steel adding speed is determined by the molten iron flow, so that incomplete smelting of scrap steel caused by too fast steel adding or too low smelting efficiency caused by too slow steel adding can be prevented. By way of example, if a flow rate of 5 tons/minute is detected, and a ladle filled with 100 tons takes 20 minutes, and a maximum of 15 tons of scrap is determined based on the actual detected values of the silicon content of the molten iron, the sulfur content of the molten iron, and the temperature of the molten iron, the amount of scrap added to the slag drop point position 13 in the main shaft 15 per minute is 15/20=0.75 tons.
In the process of adding scrap steel, the silicon content of molten iron, the sulfur content of molten iron and the temperature of molten iron are all dynamically changed, so that in order to ensure the quality of molten iron, the steel adding speed is adjusted according to the silicon content of molten iron, the sulfur content of molten iron, the temperature of molten iron and the flow rate of molten iron at preset intervals. The preset time may be 5 minutes, or may be other time, and may be set according to actual requirements. For example, in the tapping process, the temperature of molten iron is lowered by 20 ℃ within a preset time, which indicates that the addition amount of scrap is excessive, and the addition amount of scrap and the addition speed of scrap are adjusted from this moment.
Alternatively, when the flow rate of molten iron exceeds the upper limit of the flow control standard, the addition of scrap steel is stopped. When the flow rate of molten iron exceeds the upper control limit in the normal production period (for example, the normal flow rate of molten iron is 4-6 tons/min), for example, the instantaneous flow rate exceeds 6 tons/min, the operation of adding scrap steel is stopped, and the operation mainly aims to avoid the problem that when the flow rate of molten iron is too high, the flow dividing effect of slag iron is poor after adding scrap steel, and the molten iron flows into the slag runner 16 to cause safety accidents. When the flow rate of the molten iron is lower than the lower limit, the scrap adding operation can be continuously executed as long as the silicon content, the sulfur content and the temperature of the molten iron reach standards.
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, it is particularly required that the scrap steel has an iron content of 95% or more and is free of water, and if the scrap steel quality does not meet the requirements, the addition into the main groove 15 is prohibited, and the environmental impact of smoke dust generated in the main groove 15 by a large amount of impurities due to the poor quality of the added scrap steel is prevented, and safety accidents such as knocking and explosion are easily caused.
When the tap hole 12 is windy, the tapping iron is near the tail sound, and the scrap adding device 14 stops adding the scrap at the moment, and returns to the initial position. In order to ensure production safety, the addition of scrap steel can be stopped by a manual instruction at any time in the tapping process.
By adopting the method for smelting the scrap steel in the main channel of the blast furnace, which is provided by the embodiment, more than 50 tons of scrap steel can be digested each day, the energy consumption of the blast furnace is greatly reduced, and technical support is provided for the low-carbon development of blast furnace ironmaking
Optionally, the embodiment of the invention also provides a system for smelting scrap steel in the main channel of the blast furnace, which is used for executing the method for smelting scrap steel in the main channel of the blast furnace provided by any embodiment. With reference to fig. 2, the system for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace provided in this embodiment includes:
a scrap adding device 14 provided at one side of the main shaft 15 of the blast furnace 11 for adding scrap into the main shaft 15 when the mass components of molten iron at the outlet of the skimmer 17 of the main shaft and the temperature of the molten iron meet standard values; wherein the molten iron mass components comprise molten iron silicon content and molten iron sulfur content.
Wherein, the scrap adding device 14 can freely move back and forth at two sides of the main ditch 15 (move back and forth along with the slag iron flow in the main ditch 15), and a heat insulation baffle plate is additionally arranged at one side of the scrap adding device 14 close to the main ditch 15 and used for protecting the scrap adding device 14 from being burnt by splashed slag iron. The heat insulation baffle is formed by casting refractory materials through anchoring parts, the refractory materials are not too thick, otherwise, the self weight of the scrap steel adding device 14 is increased, and meanwhile, slag iron splashes can be adhered to the heat insulation baffle; and too thin is not suitable, so that the high-temperature slag iron which is splashed easily is burnt out; typically, the thickness of the refractory castable layer is typically set to 3-5mm.
And the positioning mechanism is used for detecting the slag iron falling point position 13 in the main groove 15 of the blast furnace 11 and controlling the scrap adding device 14 to move to the slag iron falling point position 13 so as to add scrap to the slag iron falling point position 13 in the main groove 15. The positioning mechanism may be fixedly connected with the scrap adding device 14, and is used for driving the scrap adding device 14 to move along the main groove 15.
And a control module, connected to the scrap adding device 14, for detecting the mass component of molten iron and the temperature of molten iron, determining the addition amount of scrap by combining the mass component of molten iron and the temperature of molten iron based on the ladle amount of molten iron, and controlling the scrap adding device 14 to perform scrap adding operation. The control module is also used for controlling the scrap adding device to stop scrap adding operation when any parameter of the silicon content of the molten iron, the sulfur content of the molten iron or the temperature of the molten iron does not meet the standard value.
Wherein the positioning mechanism and the control module are not shown in the figure, and both can be arranged on the scrap adding device 14 or can be independently arranged at other positions.
The system for smelting scrap steel in the main blast furnace channel provided by the scheme can execute the method for smelting scrap steel in the main blast furnace channel provided by any embodiment of the invention, so that the system for smelting scrap steel in the main blast furnace channel also has the beneficial effects described in any embodiment, and the description is omitted herein.
It should be appreciated that various forms of the flows shown above may be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, so long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention are achieved, and the present invention is not limited herein.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace, comprising:
detecting the position of a slag iron drop point in a main channel of the blast furnace;
when the mass components of the molten iron at the outlet of the skimming device of the main ditch and the temperature of the molten iron meet standard values, adding scrap steel into the position of the slag iron drop point;
determining the addition amount of the scrap steel by taking the ladle amount of molten iron as a reference and combining the mass components of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron;
wherein the molten iron mass components comprise molten iron silicon content and molten iron sulfur content.
2. The method for melting scrap in a main shaft of a blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the addition amount of the scrap in combination with the molten iron mass composition and the molten iron temperature based on the ladle amount comprises:
determining a first maximum addition amount of the scrap steel when the silicon content of the molten iron meets a standard value according to a first preset coefficient, determining a second maximum addition amount of the scrap steel when the sulfur content of the molten iron meets the standard value according to a second preset coefficient, and determining a third maximum addition amount of the scrap steel when the temperature of the molten iron meets the standard value according to a third preset coefficient when the ladle content of the molten iron is the first preset ladle content;
taking the minimum value of the first maximum addition amount, the second maximum addition amount and the third maximum addition amount as the maximum value of the addition amount of the scrap steel;
wherein the first maximum addition amount is equal to the quotient of the reduction value of the silicon content of the molten iron and the first preset coefficient, and the reduction value of the silicon content of the molten iron is the difference value between the actual value of the silicon content of the molten iron and the standard value of the silicon content of the molten iron; the second maximum adding amount is equal to the quotient of the added value of the sulfur content of the molten iron and the second preset coefficient, and the added value of the sulfur content of the molten iron is the difference value between the standard value of the sulfur content of the molten iron and the actual value of the sulfur content of the molten iron; the third maximum addition amount is equal to the quotient of the reduced value of the molten iron temperature and the third preset coefficient, and the reduced value of the molten iron temperature is equal to the difference between the actual value of the molten iron temperature and the standard value of the molten iron temperature.
3. The method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace according to claim 2, wherein the determining method of the first preset coefficient is:
and determining that when 1 ton of scrap steel is added under the condition that the molten iron packing quantity is the first preset packing quantity, wherein the reduction percentage of the silicon content of the molten iron is the first preset coefficient.
4. The method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace according to claim 2, wherein the determining method of the second preset coefficient is:
and determining that when 1 ton of scrap steel is added under the condition that the molten iron packing quantity is the first preset packing quantity, the percentage of increase of the sulfur content of the molten iron is the second preset coefficient.
5. The method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace according to claim 2, wherein the third preset coefficient is determined by:
and determining that when 1 ton of scrap steel is added under the condition that the molten iron packing quantity is the first preset packing quantity, wherein the reduction value of the molten iron temperature is the third preset coefficient.
6. The method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft furnace according to claim 1, wherein after determining the addition amount of the scrap steel, the method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft furnace further comprises:
and determining the time for filling the molten iron packaging amount according to the molten iron flow, and determining the steel adding speed according to the adding amount of the scrap steel.
7. The method for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace according to claim 6, further comprising:
and adjusting the steel adding speed according to the silicon content of the molten iron, the sulfur content of the molten iron, the temperature of the molten iron and the flow rate of the molten iron at each preset time interval.
8. The method for melting scrap in a main shaft of a blast furnace according to claim 7, wherein the addition of the scrap is stopped when the flow rate of molten iron exceeds an upper limit of a flow control criterion.
9. A system for smelting scrap steel in a main shaft of a blast furnace, comprising:
the scrap adding device is arranged at one side of the main ditch of the blast furnace and is used for adding scrap into the main ditch when the mass components of molten iron at the outlet of the skimming device of the main ditch and the temperature of the molten iron meet standard values; wherein the molten iron mass components comprise molten iron silicon content and molten iron sulfur content;
the positioning mechanism is used for detecting the position of a slag iron falling point in a main ditch of the blast furnace and controlling the scrap adding device to move to the position of the slag iron falling point;
the control module is connected with the scrap adding device and is used for detecting the mass components of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron, determining the adding amount of the scrap by taking the ladle charging amount of the molten iron as a reference and combining the mass components of the molten iron and the temperature of the molten iron, and controlling the scrap adding device to execute scrap adding operation.
10. The blast furnace main shaft scrap melting system according to claim 9, wherein the control module is further configured to control the scrap adding device to stop the scrap adding operation when any one of the silicon content of the molten iron, the sulfur content of the molten iron, or the temperature of the molten iron does not satisfy a standard value.
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| CN202310885804.3A CN116904676A (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2023-07-18 | Method and system for smelting scrap steel in main channel of blast furnace |
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| CN202310885804.3A CN116904676A (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2023-07-18 | Method and system for smelting scrap steel in main channel of blast furnace |
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