CN116901561A - Multilayer sound absorption structure for automobile and preparation method - Google Patents

Multilayer sound absorption structure for automobile and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116901561A
CN116901561A CN202311159613.5A CN202311159613A CN116901561A CN 116901561 A CN116901561 A CN 116901561A CN 202311159613 A CN202311159613 A CN 202311159613A CN 116901561 A CN116901561 A CN 116901561A
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China
Prior art keywords
filter material
layer
pps filter
absorbing structure
hot
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
水野晃普
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Iida Foshan Industry Co ltd
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Iida Foshan Industry Co ltd
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Priority to CN202311159613.5A priority Critical patent/CN116901561A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/20—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C43/203—Making multilayered articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/52—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B29C69/02—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore of moulding techniques only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B32B5/265—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer
    • B32B5/266—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer next to one or more non-woven fabric layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • B60R13/0815—Acoustic or thermal insulation of passenger compartments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2043/5816—Measuring, controlling or regulating temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/04—4 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/308—Heat stability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile industry, and discloses a multilayer sound-absorbing structure for an automobile and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the PPS filter material layer comprises the following steps: soaking the waste PPS filter material in a sodium hydroxide solution for 3-5h, ultrasonically cleaning for 1-2h, and baking at 80-85 ℃ for 10-13h to obtain a primarily treated waste PPS filter material; and (3) carrying out hot air bonding molding on the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web, wherein the number of layers of the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material is 3-5, and overlapping and staggered discharging the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web. The waste PPS filter material is recycled, is subjected to primary treatment through alkaline washing, is subjected to hot air bonding with the hot-melt fiber net to form, and is staggered and overlapped with the hot-melt fiber net according to a certain layer number to be discharged, so that the obtained multilayer sound-absorbing structure has good sound-insulating and sound-absorbing properties.

Description

Multilayer sound absorption structure for automobile and preparation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile industry, in particular to a multilayer sound absorption structure for an automobile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Noise pollution is the third largest pollution to atmosphere and environment, especially various noises are faced all day long in noisy urban environment, and the physical and psychological health of people is greatly influenced, and the life quality of people is influenced. With the gradual perfection of urban traffic networks, people travel more and more with various vehicles, such as: automobiles, airplanes, trains, subways, buses and the like, but the use of the vehicles inevitably brings various noises and influences riding comfort. With the improvement of the living standard of people, automobiles become a common transportation means, and the popularity of the automobiles is increasing. When an automobile is started, noise is generated by parts such as an engine, external noise is transmitted to the inside of the automobile, and a driver in the automobile hears the noise. The acceptable noise of human beings is below 44 dB, people feel uncomfortable when the noise heard by a driver is over 44 dB, and the normal thinking of the people can be influenced when the noise heard by the driver is over large, so that the judgment is wrong, even traffic accidents occur, and casualties are caused. Various dynamic noises are generated in the vehicle during the starting and running of the vehicle, and the noises are also directly related to the comfort and hearing health of the passengers. Therefore, the noise in the carriage is effectively reduced, and the construction of quiet and healthy driving and riding environments is particularly important. The reduction of noise in a vehicle mainly depends on the design and materials of the vehicle body and the interior sound absorbing material, wherein the design of a high-quality sound absorbing and insulating material is the most common and efficient noise reduction method.
The combination between various thermoplastic resin molecules in the sound insulation layer of the automobile sound insulation material with the traditional formula is not tight enough, the interface combination between the thermoplastic resin and the filler is poor enough, the ideal sound insulation effect is difficult to achieve, and the weight of the material is increased due to the addition of a large amount of inorganic filler, which is deviated from the trend of automobile weight reduction. Currently, sound absorbing materials for vehicles on the market are mainly classified into porous sound absorbing materials and resonance structure sound absorbing materials. The porous sound absorbing material has high frequency sound absorbing coefficient, small specific gravity and high air permeability, and the material body has filtering effect on dust and smoker's smoke, but at the same time the porous surface is easy to be polluted, and the noise absorbing effect on lower frequency is not obvious. The common perforated plate resonance sound absorption structure material has larger specific gravity and smaller absorption frequency range.
For example, chinese patent application CN107599522a discloses a porous composite material with high sound absorption performance for an automotive interior ceiling, which is formed by bonding a lower non-woven fabric layer, a lower perforated adhesive film, a lower glass fiber felt, a polyurethane foam board, an upper glass fiber felt, an upper perforated adhesive film, an upper non-woven fabric layer and a fabric from bottom to top; the surfaces of the lower punching adhesive film and the upper punching adhesive film are provided with round convex small holes. The perforated adhesive film and the porous structure of the foam board are utilized to realize good sound absorption effect, but the sound absorption rate of the perforated adhesive film and the foam board to middle-low frequency noise is not high, and the thickness and the specific gravity are relatively large, so that the installation and the use in the automobile production are affected.
As in chinese patent application CN103489442a, a flexible sound absorbing material is disclosed, comprising: foam bottom, viscose layer, protective layer and sound absorbing layer, foam bottom one side is provided with the viscose layer, and viscose layer opposite side is provided with the protective layer, and foam bottom's opposite side is provided with the sound absorbing layer. The foam material and the sound absorbing layer with the table-shaped protrusions have good noise insulation effect, but the structure after the whole superposition is too soft, and the thickness is too large, so that the installation and the use are affected.
For example, chinese patent application CN104339782a discloses a sound-absorbing and heat-insulating material for vehicle and a preparation method thereof, comprising five layers of structures, in order: the glass fiber of the bottom layer, the second layer is a mixed fiber of glass fiber, PP fiber and PET fiber, the middle layer is a mixed fiber of PP material and PET, the fourth layer is a mixed fiber of glass fiber, PP fiber and PET fiber, the surface layer is glass fiber, and five layers are fused and connected into a whole. The prepared sound insulation pad for the vehicle has slightly improved sound absorption performance and good heat insulation performance compared with the traditional sound absorption material, but can not achieve good sound absorption and insulation effects on noise with higher frequency and lower frequency, and has the advantages of harder whole material, rough surface and no good comfort.
Chinese patent CN102529840a discloses a multi-layered sound insulation pad for car and its manufacturing method, the sound insulation pad is made up by using density of 200-220 kg/m 3 Is a felt hard sound-insulating material and has a density of 60 to 70kg/m 3 The soft polyurethane sound insulation material is formed by self-generated polyurethane bonding, and the felt hard sound insulation material used in the patent has poor sound absorption property, and the felt material has strong water absorption property and can generate the risks of loosening and expansion failure of the felt after being vibrated for a long time in water.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a multi-layered sound absorbing structure for an automobile and a method of manufacturing the same. Aims to solve the problems existing in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a multilayer sound absorbing structure for car, sound absorbing structure includes four layer structure, including polyurethane foam layer, compound non-woven fabrics layer, PPS filter material layer and compound non-woven fabrics layer that top-down set gradually.
In some embodiments, the composite non-woven fabric layer comprises, by weight, 64-75 parts of non-woven fabric base material, 20-35 parts of non-woven fabric auxiliary materials and 1-5 parts of auxiliary materials.
In some embodiments, the non-woven fabric auxiliary material is a metal nano ion, and the auxiliary material is a mixture of polyaryletherketone resin, polyethersulfone resin and polyarylsulfone resin.
In some of these embodiments, the mass ratio of the polyaryletherketone resin, polyethersulfone resin, and polyarylsulfone resin is 1:2:1.
According to the invention, the polyaryletherketone resin, the polyethersulfone resin and the polyarylsulfone resin are compounded together, so that the toughness of the composite non-woven fabric layer can be greatly improved, the tensile strength of the sound-absorbing structure is improved, the polyethersulfone resin has self-extinguishing property, the combustion speed can be reduced, the flame-retardant effect of the sound-absorbing structure is improved, and the flame-retardant effect of the sound-absorbing structure is greatly improved by matching with the PPS filter material layer. The poly (arylene ether ketone) resin, the polyether sulfone resin and the polyarylsulfone resin are compounded according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1, wherein the addition amount of the polyether sulfone resin is the sum of the addition amounts of the poly (arylene ether ketone) resin and the polyarylsulfone resin, and the polyether sulfone resin has a toughening effect and a flame retardant effect, so that the addition amount of the polyether sulfone resin is not too low, and the addition amount of the polyether sulfone resin is the sum of the addition amounts of the poly (arylene ether ketone) resin and the polyarylsulfone resin, so that the toughness of a non-woven fabric layer, the tensile strength of a sound absorption structure and the flame retardant effect of the sound absorption structure can be improved.
The metal nano ion has excellent sterilization effect, can prevent bacteria from breeding, and plays a role in sterilization and protection. The metal nano ions are arranged in the composite non-woven fabric layer, so that the sterilization effect of the sound absorption structure can be improved.
In some embodiments, the preparation method of the PPS filter layer includes the following steps: (1) Soaking the waste PPS filter material in a sodium hydroxide solution for 3-5h, ultrasonically cleaning for 1-2h, and baking at 80-85 ℃ for 10-13h to obtain a primarily treated waste PPS filter material; (2) And (3) carrying out hot air bonding molding on the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web, wherein the number of layers of the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material is 3-5, and overlapping and staggered discharging the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web.
Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS), also known as poly-p-phenylene sulfide or polyphenylene sulfide, is a semicrystalline polymer spun by a melt spinning process. The PPS fiber has excellent mechanical property, high temperature resistance, heat stability, flame retardance and textile processing property. And has stable chemical property and excellent corrosion resistance.
Along with the upgrading of the national smoke emission standard, the requirements on filter materials in the market are higher and higher. Bag house dust collection systems with high filtration performance are currently widely used in flue gas treatment in waste incineration plants, steel plants, cement plants and thermal power plants. The key determinant of the dust removal efficiency of high temperature flue gas is the filter bag in a bag house system. The filter material prepared from the PPS fiber with excellent chemical stability, flame retardance, thermal stability and good mechanical property can be used in a severe environment, such as an acidic environment and a high-temperature environment, and the service life of the filter material can reach about 3 years, so that the PPS filter material has become the first-choice filter material of a coal-fired power plant.
The PPS filter material is mainly prepared by reinforcing a PPS short fiber net and a base cloth made of PPS woven cloth in a needling mode, has a three-dimensional structure, is flexibly entangled among fibers, has a large number of fine gaps inside, and has good dimensional stability, elasticity and mechanical properties.
Along with the higher and higher requirements of national smoke emission standards, the requirements for PPS filter materials are also greater and greater.
The filtration performance and the mechanical performance of the filter material can be continuously deteriorated in the use process to lose effectiveness, a large amount of waste PPS filter material is needed to be replaced every year, but the waste PPS filter material is difficult to treat, the environment is seriously polluted by adopting the incineration or landfill mode to treat at present, the resources are seriously wasted, meanwhile, the PPS fiber is relatively expensive compared with the common chemical fiber, and a large amount of leftover materials can be produced in the production process of the PPS filter material. Therefore, the recycling of the waste PPS filter material has extremely high economic benefit and accords with the new trend of environmental protection.
Because the PPS filter material is used in the environment with high temperature and severe acid-base condition for a long time, the mechanical property and the filtering property of the filter material can be continuously deteriorated until the filter material is invalid, the normal service life of the PPS filter material is generally 3-5 years, the PPS filter material needs to be replaced when the filter material is insufficient for continuous working, and the replaced waste PPS filter material is mainly buried or incinerated in China at present, so that the resources are wasted and the environment is polluted.
When the sound waves are incident on the surface of the material, a part of the sound waves are reflected back, another part of the sound waves are transmitted in the holes of the fabric, most of the sound energy is converted into heat energy to escape due to the action of air viscosity and friction force in the transmission process, and a small part of the sound energy continues to be transmitted forwards.
The invention recycles the waste PPS filter material, carries out primary treatment by alkali washing, carries out hot air bonding molding with a hot-melt fiber web (polyamide), and alternately stacks and discharges the waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web which are subjected to primary treatment according to a certain layer number. The obtained multilayer sound-absorbing structure has good sound-insulating and sound-absorbing properties, and meanwhile, the PPS filter material has flame retardance and thermal stability, so that the sound-absorbing structure can have excellent flame retardance without adding an additional flame retardant, and has a good heat-insulating effect.
In some embodiments, the sodium hydroxide in step (1) is present in a concentration of 3-6% by mass; the temperature of the hot air bonding molding in the step (2) is 120-130 ℃ and the time is 1-3min.
In some embodiments, the PPS filter layer has a thickness of 4.5-7.5mm and an areal density of 2-3.4kg/m 2 . By setting proper thickness and surface density, the mechanical strength of the PPS filter layer is further improved.
In some embodiments, the polyurethane foam layer is obtained by mixing isocyanate and polyether, foaming, curing, and cutting off the residue, and has a density of 45-60kg/m 3 The thickness is 5-10mm.
In some of these embodiments, the polyurethane foam layer is autogenously bonded to the adjacent composite nonwoven fabric layer via polyurethane.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the multilayer sound absorbing structure for the automobile, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Hot press molding
Sequentially arranging the composite non-woven fabric layer, the PPS filter material layer and the composite non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, performing hot press molding, controlling the hot press temperature to be 200-210 ℃, controlling the pressure to be 180-250KPa, and performing press treatment for 60-80s;
(2) Cooling and shaping
Cooling the hot-pressed product at room temperature for 80-100s for cooling and shaping, and then cutting off the residual material to obtain a semi-finished product;
(3) Foaming
Controlling the temperature of the mould to be 60+/-15 ℃, and putting the semi-finished product obtained in the step (2) into a foaming mould, wherein the weight ratio of isocyanate to polyether is 0.7-0.85:1, controlling the temperature of the polyurethane foaming agent to be 25+/-5 ℃, casting the polyurethane foaming agent on the inner surface of a semi-finished product, foaming and curing for 3-5min, and then cutting off the residual materials to obtain the multilayer sound absorbing structure for the automobile.
According to the invention, the composite non-woven fabric layer, the PPS filter material layer and the composite non-woven fabric layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom for hot press molding, then cooled and shaped, and then placed into a foaming mold for foaming to prepare the multi-layer sound absorption structure, so that the preparation process is simple, complicated procedures and equipment are not required, the production efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.
In some embodiments, in the step (2), the cooling shaping is specifically shaping into a wave structure, wherein the thickness of the wave structure is 15-20mm, and the depth of the trough of the wave structure is 3-10mm.
Wherein, trough one end among the wave structure that forms is sealed. In the step (1), the composite non-woven fabric layer, the PPS filter material layer and the composite non-woven fabric layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and are subjected to hot press forming, and at the moment, the hot press forming is of a flat three-layer structure, so that the PPS filter material layer and the upper and lower layers of the composite non-woven fabric layer can be laminated more tightly, and the mechanical property of the sound absorbing structure is ensured. The inventor sets the flat three-layer structure into a wave structure during cooling setting in the step (2), so that the sound-absorbing structure is more attractive, the plurality of wave troughs on the wave structure have excellent middle-high frequency noise absorption effect, the bearing capacity and mechanical performance of the sound-absorbing structure are improved, and the service life of the sound-absorbing structure is prolonged. When the thickness of wave structure is less than 15mm, too single thin, reduce the mechanical properties who inhales sound structure, when the thickness of wave structure is higher than 20mm, simultaneously because the thickness is too big, the noise is difficult to get into, reduces the sound absorbing effect, and the thickness is too big, and the gas permeability also can reduce. The trough depth of the wave structure is set to 3-10mm, so that noise enters the wave structure body conveniently, the propagation of the noise is reduced to a great extent, and a good sound insulation effect is achieved.
In some embodiments, in step (3), the method further comprises placing the semi-finished product obtained in step (2) into a foaming mold for foaming.
In the invention, the semi-finished products obtained in the two steps (2) are put into a foaming mold for foaming, namely, the semi-finished products with two wave structures are put into the foaming mold for foaming, and the semi-finished products with two wave structures are stacked and put into the foaming mold for foaming. Through the stacking of two wave structures, the sound absorption effect and the mechanical property can be greatly improved. It should be noted that, the stacking of the two wave structures does not increase the thickness of the wave structures, the wave structures are formed by sequentially arranging and pressing the composite non-woven fabric layer, the PPS filter material layer and the composite non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, so if the thickness of the wave structures formed by cooling and shaping is increased, the composite of the PPS filter material layer and the upper and lower composite non-woven fabric layers may be loose, not tight enough, and the sound absorption effect and the mechanical performance of the wave structures are affected. The formed two wave structures are stacked and then covered by polyurethane foaming, the wave structure can achieve the effect of 1+1>2, and the sound absorption effect and the mechanical property are greatly improved. The inventor tries to put the semi-finished products of the three wave structures into a foaming mold for foaming, and the obtained sound absorption structure has the sound absorption effect which is not as good as that of two wave structures and is only as good as that of one wave structure. The inventor finds that when the number of the wave structures is more than two, the polyurethane foam layer influences the exertion of the waste PPS filter material, so that the overall sound absorption effect is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the multilayer sound absorption structure for the automobile and the preparation method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the four-layer sound-absorbing structure composed of the polyurethane foam layer, the composite non-woven fabric layer, the PPS filter material layer and the composite non-woven fabric layer not only can meet the flame retardant property, but also can improve the sound-absorbing property, and meanwhile, the four-layer sound-absorbing structure has good performances of flexibility, high temperature resistance, heat insulation and air permeability.
(2) The waste PPS filter material is recycled, is subjected to primary treatment through alkaline washing, is subjected to hot air bonding with a hot-melt fiber net (polyamide) to form, and is staggered and overlapped with the hot-melt fiber net according to a certain layer number, so that the obtained multilayer sound-absorbing structure has good sound-insulating and sound-absorbing properties, and meanwhile, the PPS filter material has flame retardance and thermal stability, so that the sound-absorbing structure can have excellent flame retardance without adding any flame retardant, and has good heat-insulating effect. According to the invention, the waste PPS filter material is recycled, so that on one hand, the production cost is greatly saved, and on the other hand, the pollution to the environment caused by adopting a burning or landfill mode to treat the waste PPS filter material is avoided, the economic benefit is improved, and the environment-friendly trend is met.
(3) According to the invention, the polyaryletherketone resin, the polyethersulfone resin and the polyarylsulfone resin are compounded to be used as the auxiliary agent of the composite non-woven fabric layer, so that the toughness of the composite non-woven fabric layer can be greatly improved, the tensile strength of the sound-absorbing structure is improved, the polyethersulfone resin has self-extinguishing property, the combustion speed can be reduced, the flame-retardant effect of the sound-absorbing structure is improved, and the flame-retardant effect of the sound-absorbing structure is greatly improved by matching with the PPS filter material layer.
(4) According to the invention, the composite non-woven fabric layer, the PPS filter material layer and the composite non-woven fabric layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom for hot press molding, then cooled and shaped, and then put into a polyurethane foam foaming mold for foaming to prepare the multi-layer sound absorption structure, so that the preparation process is simple, complex procedures and equipment are not required, the production efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.
(5) Through setting up the thickness of wave structure and the degree of depth of trough, can improve the outward appearance nature, the sound absorbing performance and the mechanical properties of multilayer sound absorbing structure.
(6) And the two semi-finished products with the wave structures are placed into a foaming mold to be foamed, so that the sound absorption effect of the manufactured multilayer sound absorption structure is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-layered sound-absorbing structure for an automobile according to embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-layered sound-absorbing structure for an automobile according to embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a multi-layered sound absorbing structure for an automobile according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-polyurethane foam layer, 2-composite non-woven fabric layer, 3-PPS filter material layer and 4-composite non-woven fabric layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
In the specific embodiment, the composite non-woven fabric layer 2 and the composite non-woven fabric layer 4 comprise 64-75 parts by weight of non-woven fabric base material, 20-35 parts by weight of non-woven fabric auxiliary materials and 1-5 parts by weight of auxiliary materials.
In some embodiments, the non-woven fabric auxiliary material is a metal nano ion, and the auxiliary material is a mixture of polyaryletherketone resin, polyethersulfone resin and polyarylsulfone resin.
In some of these embodiments, the mass ratio of the polyaryletherketone resin, polyethersulfone resin, and polyarylsulfone resin is 1:2:1.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a multi-layer sound absorbing structure for an automobile is a four-layer structure, and comprises a polyurethane foam layer 1, a composite non-woven fabric layer 2, a PPS filter material layer 3 and a composite non-woven fabric layer 4 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the composite non-woven fabric layer consists of 75 parts by weight of non-woven fabric base material, 20 parts by weight of non-woven fabric auxiliary materials and 5 parts by weight of auxiliary materials, wherein the non-woven fabric auxiliary materials are metal nano ions, and the auxiliary materials are a mixture of polyaryletherketone resin, polyethersulfone resin and polyarylsulfone resin according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1; the density of the polyurethane foam layer was 60kg/m 3 The thickness was 5mm.
The preparation method of the PPS filter material layer comprises the following steps: (1) Immersing the waste PPS filter material in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass percent concentration of 3% for 5 hours, ultrasonically cleaning for 1 hour, and baking for 10 hours at the temperature of 85 ℃ to obtain the primarily treated waste PPS filter material; (2) Carrying out hot air bonding molding on the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web, wherein the number of layers of the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material is 3, and overlapping and staggered discharging the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web; the hot air bonding molding temperature in the step (2)The temperature is 130 ℃ and the time is 1min; the PPS filter layer had a thickness of 4.5mm and an areal density of 2kg/m 2 。
A method for manufacturing a multilayer sound absorbing structure for an automobile in this embodiment includes the steps of:
(1) Hot press molding
Sequentially arranging the composite non-woven fabric layer, the PPS filter material layer and the composite non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, performing hot press molding, controlling the hot press temperature to be 210 ℃, controlling the pressure to be 180KPa, and performing press treatment for 80s;
(2) Cooling and shaping
Cooling the hot-pressed product at room temperature for 80s to cool and shape the product into a wave structure, wherein the thickness of the wave structure is 15mm, the depth of the trough of the wave structure is 10mm, and then cutting off the residual material to obtain a semi-finished product;
(3) Foaming
Controlling the temperature of a die to 55 ℃, and placing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (2) into a foaming die, wherein the weight ratio of isocyanate to polyether is 0.7:1, controlling the temperature of the polyurethane foaming agent to be 30 ℃, casting the polyurethane foaming agent on the inner surface of a semi-finished product, foaming and curing for 5 minutes, and then cutting off the residual materials to obtain the multilayer sound absorbing structure for the automobile.
Example 2
The multilayer sound-absorbing structure for the automobile is of a four-layer structure and comprises a polyurethane foam layer, a composite non-woven fabric layer, a PPS filter material layer and a composite non-woven fabric layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the composite non-woven fabric layer comprises 64 parts by weight of non-woven fabric base material, 35 parts by weight of non-woven fabric auxiliary material and 1 part by weight of auxiliary agent; the non-woven fabric auxiliary material is metal nano particles, and the auxiliary material is a mixture of polyaryletherketone resin, polyethersulfone resin and polyarylsulfone resin according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1; the density of the polyurethane foam layer was 45kg/m 3 The thickness was 10mm.
The preparation method of the PPS filter material layer comprises the following steps: (1) Immersing the waste PPS filter material in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass percent concentration of 6% for 3 hours, ultrasonically cleaning for 2 hours, and baking at 80 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the primarily treated waste PPS filter material; (2) Waste PPS filter material subjected to preliminary treatmentCarrying out hot air bonding molding on the hot-melt fiber web, wherein the number of layers of the waste PPS filter material subjected to preliminary treatment is 4, and overlapping and staggered discharging the waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web; the temperature of hot air bonding molding in the step (2) is 120 ℃ and the time is 3min; the thickness of the PPS filter material layer is 5.9mm, and the surface density is 2.7kg/m 2 。
A method for manufacturing a multilayer sound absorbing structure for an automobile in this embodiment includes the steps of:
(1) Hot press molding
Sequentially arranging the composite non-woven fabric layer, the PPS filter material layer and the composite non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, performing hot press molding, controlling the hot press temperature to be 200 ℃, controlling the pressure to be 250KPa, and performing press treatment for 60s;
(2) Cooling and shaping
Cooling the hot-pressed product at room temperature for 100s to cool and shape the product into a wave structure, wherein the thickness of the wave structure is 20mm, the depth of the trough of the wave structure is 3mm, and then cutting off the residual material to obtain a semi-finished product;
(3) Foaming
Controlling the temperature of the mold to be 75 ℃, and placing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (2) into a foaming mold, wherein the weight ratio of isocyanate to polyether is 0.85:1, controlling the temperature of the polyurethane foaming agent to be 20 ℃, casting the polyurethane foaming agent on the inner surface of a semi-finished product, foaming and curing for 3min, and then cutting off the residual materials to obtain the multilayer sound absorbing structure for the automobile.
Example 3
The multilayer sound-absorbing structure for the automobile is of a four-layer structure and comprises a polyurethane foam layer, a composite non-woven fabric layer, a PPS filter material layer and a composite non-woven fabric layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the composite non-woven fabric layer comprises 67 parts by weight of non-woven fabric base material, 30 parts by weight of non-woven fabric auxiliary material and 3 parts by weight of auxiliary agent; the non-woven fabric auxiliary material is metal nano particles, and the auxiliary material is a mixture of polyaryletherketone resin, polyethersulfone resin and polyarylsulfone resin according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1; the density of the polyurethane foam layer was 50kg/m 3 The thickness was 8mm.
The preparation method of the PPS filter material layer comprises the following steps: (1) Waste PPS filter material is in qualitySoaking in sodium hydroxide solution with the weight percentage concentration of 5% for 4 hours, then ultrasonically cleaning for 1 hour, and baking at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain waste PPS filter material subjected to primary treatment; (2) Carrying out hot air bonding molding on the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web, wherein the number of layers of the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material is 5, and overlapping and staggered discharging the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web; the temperature of hot air bonding molding in the step (2) is 125 ℃ and the time is 2min; the thickness of the PPS filter material layer is 7.5mm, and the surface density is 3.4kg/m 2 。
A method for manufacturing a multilayer sound absorbing structure for an automobile in this embodiment includes the steps of:
(1) Hot press molding
Sequentially arranging the composite non-woven fabric layer, the PPS filter material layer and the composite non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, performing hot press molding, controlling the hot press temperature to 205 ℃, controlling the pressure to 230KPa, and performing press treatment for 70s;
(2) Cooling and shaping
Cooling the hot-pressed product at room temperature for 90s to cool and shape the product into a wave structure, wherein the thickness of the wave structure is 17mm, the depth of the trough of the wave structure is 6mm, and then cutting off the residual material to obtain a semi-finished product;
(3) Foaming
Controlling the temperature of the die to 70 ℃, and placing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (2) into a foaming die, wherein the weight ratio of isocyanate to polyether is 0.8:1, controlling the temperature of the polyurethane foaming agent to be 25 ℃, casting the polyurethane foaming agent on the inner surface of a semi-finished product, foaming and curing for 4 minutes, and then cutting off the residual materials to obtain the multilayer sound absorbing structure for the automobile.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 3, a multi-layer sound absorbing structure for an automobile is a seven-layer structure, and comprises a polyurethane foam layer 1, a composite non-woven fabric layer 2, a PPS filter material layer 3, a composite non-woven fabric layer 4, a composite non-woven fabric layer 2, a PPS filter material layer 3 and a composite non-woven fabric layer 4 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the composite non-woven fabric layer comprises 67 parts by weight of non-woven fabric base material, 30 parts by weight of non-woven fabric auxiliary material and 3 parts by weight of auxiliary agent; the non-woven fabric auxiliary material is metal nano particles, and the auxiliary material is polyaryletherketoneA mixture of resin, polyethersulfone resin and polyarylsulfone resin in a mass ratio of 1:2:1; the density of the polyurethane foam layer was 50kg/m 3 The thickness was 8mm.
The preparation method of the PPS filter material layer comprises the following steps: (1) Immersing the waste PPS filter material in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass percent concentration of 5% for 4 hours, ultrasonically cleaning for 1 hour, and baking at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the primarily treated waste PPS filter material; (2) Carrying out hot air bonding molding on the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web, wherein the number of layers of the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material is 5, and overlapping and staggered discharging the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web; the temperature of hot air bonding molding in the step (2) is 125 ℃ and the time is 2min; the thickness of the PPS filter material layer is 7.5mm, and the surface density is 3.4kg/m 2 。
A method for manufacturing a multilayer sound absorbing structure for an automobile in this embodiment includes the steps of:
(1) Hot press molding
Sequentially arranging the second, third and fourth layers, namely sequentially arranging the composite non-woven fabric layer, the PPS filter material layer and the composite non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, performing hot press forming, controlling the hot press temperature to 205 ℃, controlling the pressure to 230KPa, and performing press treatment for 70s;
(2) Cooling and shaping
Cooling the hot-pressed product at room temperature for 90s to cool and shape the product into a wave structure, wherein the thickness of the wave structure is 17mm, the depth of the trough of the wave structure is 6mm, and then cutting off the residual material to obtain a semi-finished product;
(3) Foaming
Controlling the temperature of the mold to be 70 ℃, and placing the semi-finished product stack obtained in the two steps (2) into a foaming mold, wherein the weight ratio of isocyanate to polyether is 0.8:1, controlling the temperature of the polyurethane foaming agent to be 25 ℃, casting the polyurethane foaming agent on the inner surface of a semi-finished product, foaming and curing for 4 minutes, and then cutting off the residual materials to obtain the multilayer sound absorbing structure for the automobile. Specifically, the semi-finished product stack obtained in the two steps (2) refers to a stack of two wave structures, namely, a first wave structure obtained by stacking a second layer, a third layer and a fourth layer and a second wave structure obtained by stacking a fifth layer, a sixth layer and a seventh layer, wherein the preparation method of the first wave structure and the second wave structure is the same. The stacking conditions are: and placing the first wave structure on the second wave structure, performing hot press forming, controlling the hot press temperature to 205 ℃, controlling the pressure to 230KPa, performing press treatment for 70s, and cooling for 90s at room temperature for shaping.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 3 is that the waste PPS filter material in the PPS filter layer of comparative example 1 is not subjected to any treatment.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 3 is that the preparation method of PPS filter layer of comparative example 2 includes the following steps: soaking the waste PPS filter material in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass percent concentration of 5% for 4 hours, ultrasonically cleaning for 1 hour, and baking for 12 hours at 80 ℃.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 3 is that the preparation method of PPS filter layer of comparative example 3 includes the steps of: (1) Immersing the waste PPS filter material in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass percent concentration of 5% for 4 hours, ultrasonically cleaning for 1 hour, and baking at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the primarily treated waste PPS filter material; (2) Carrying out hot air bonding molding on the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web, wherein the number of layers of the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material is 2, and overlapping and staggered discharging the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web; the temperature of hot air bonding molding in the step (2) is 125 ℃ and the time is 2min; the PPS filter layer had a thickness of 3mm and an areal density of 1.3kg/m 2 。
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 3 is that, in the method for producing a multi-layered sound-absorbing structure of comparative example 4, step (3) is to control the mold temperature to 70 ℃, the semi-finished product stack obtained in the three steps (2) is placed into a foaming mold, and isocyanate and polyether are mixed in a weight ratio of 0.8:1, controlling the temperature of the polyurethane foaming agent to be 25 ℃, casting the polyurethane foaming agent on the inner surface of a semi-finished product, foaming and curing for 4 minutes, and then cutting off the residual materials to obtain the multilayer sound absorbing structure for the automobile.
The sound absorption test was performed for examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 using a test method of "Alpha Cabin (Alpha Cabin) method-sound absorption in diffuse sound field", the detection standard was D49 1977, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As is clear from Table 1, the sound absorption coefficients of examples 1 to 4 are significantly higher than those of comparative examples 1 to 3. As is clear from a comparison of example 4 with examples 1 to 3, when the semi-finished product of two wave structures is used, the multi-layered sound-absorbing structure produced can have a sound absorption coefficient much higher than that of the multi-layered sound-absorbing structure produced by a single wave structure. As is clear from comparison of comparative example 4 with examples 1 to 4, when three wave structures were employed, the sound absorption coefficient was not higher than that of example 4 which was the result of employing two wave structures, but the sound absorption coefficient was comparable to that of examples 1 to 3, indicating that the sound absorption effect of the multilayer sound absorption structure produced by employing two wave structures reached the peak. In summary, the multi-layered sound-absorbing structure of the present invention has excellent sound-absorbing effect.
The above-described embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multilayer sound absorbing structure for car, its characterized in that, sound absorbing structure includes four layer structure, including polyurethane foam layer, compound non-woven fabrics layer, PPS filter material layer and compound non-woven fabrics layer that top-down set gradually.
2. The multi-layered sound absorbing structure for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the composite nonwoven fabric layer comprises, in parts by weight, 64 to 75 parts by weight of a nonwoven fabric base material, 20 to 35 parts by weight of a nonwoven fabric auxiliary material, and 1 to 5 parts by weight of an auxiliary agent.
3. The multi-layered sound absorbing structure for an automobile according to claim 2, wherein the non-woven fabric auxiliary material is a metal nano ion, and the auxiliary material is a mixture of polyaryletherketone resin, polyethersulfone resin and polyarylsulfone resin.
4. The multi-layered sound absorbing structure for an automobile according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the polyaryletherketone resin, the polyethersulfone resin and the polyarylsulfone resin is 1:2:1.
5. The multi-layered sound absorbing structure for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the PPS filter layer manufacturing method comprises the steps of: (1) Soaking the waste PPS filter material in a sodium hydroxide solution for 3-5h, ultrasonically cleaning for 1-2h, and baking at 80-85 ℃ for 10-13h to obtain a primarily treated waste PPS filter material; (2) And (3) carrying out hot air bonding molding on the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web, wherein the number of layers of the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material is 3-5, and overlapping and staggered discharging the preliminarily treated waste PPS filter material and the hot-melt fiber web.
6. The multi-layered sound absorbing structure for an automobile according to claim 5, wherein the mass percentage concentration of sodium hydroxide in the step (1) is 3 to 6%; the temperature of hot air bonding molding in the step (2) is 120-130 ℃ and the time is 1-3min; the thickness of the PPS filter material layer is 4.5-7.5mm, and the surface density is 2-3.4kg/m 2 。
7. The multi-layered sound absorbing structure for automobiles according to claim 1, wherein the polyurethane foam layer is obtained by mixing isocyanate and polyether, foaming, curing, and cutting off the surplus material, and the density of the polyurethane foam layer is 45-60kg/m 3 The thickness is 5-10mm; the polyurethane foam layer is not combined with the adjacent compositeThe spinning cloth layer is bonded by polyurethane autogenous bonding.
8. A method for producing a multilayer sound absorbing structure for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
(1) Hot press molding
Sequentially arranging the composite non-woven fabric layer, the PPS filter material layer and the composite non-woven fabric layer from top to bottom, performing hot press molding, controlling the hot press temperature to be 200-210 ℃, controlling the pressure to be 180-250KPa, and performing press treatment for 60-80s;
(2) Cooling and shaping
Cooling the hot-pressed product at room temperature for 80-100s for cooling and shaping, and then cutting off the residual material to obtain a semi-finished product;
(3) Foaming
Controlling the temperature of the mould to be 60+/-15 ℃, and putting the semi-finished product obtained in the step (2) into a foaming mould, wherein the weight ratio of isocyanate to polyether is 0.7-0.85:1, controlling the temperature of the polyurethane foaming agent to be 25+/-5 ℃, casting the polyurethane foaming agent on the inner surface of a semi-finished product, foaming and curing for 3-5min, and then cutting off the residual materials to obtain the multilayer sound absorbing structure for the automobile.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (2), the cooling and shaping are specifically shaping into a wave structure, the thickness of the wave structure is 15-20mm, and the depth of the wave trough of the wave structure is 3-10mm.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (3), the semi-finished product obtained in the two steps (2) is put into a foaming mold to be foamed.
CN202311159613.5A 2023-09-11 2023-09-11 Multilayer sound absorption structure for automobile and preparation method Pending CN116901561A (en)

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CN102644199A (en) * 2011-11-25 2012-08-22 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Preparation method of fiber fabric with shaping and toughening double functions
CN104441876A (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-03-25 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 Composite layered sound absorption material for automobiles
CN109483976A (en) * 2018-09-25 2019-03-19 上海新安汽车隔音毡有限公司 A kind of motor in electric automobile sound insulating pad and preparation method thereof
CN113320231A (en) * 2021-07-05 2021-08-31 江苏环宇汽车零部件有限公司 Ultra-light high-resilience sound-absorbing cotton for automobile shock absorption and sound absorption and preparation method thereof

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