CN113682004A - Lightweight sound insulation pad and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Lightweight sound insulation pad and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113682004A CN113682004A CN202111149175.5A CN202111149175A CN113682004A CN 113682004 A CN113682004 A CN 113682004A CN 202111149175 A CN202111149175 A CN 202111149175A CN 113682004 A CN113682004 A CN 113682004A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
- B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a lightweight sound insulation pad and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the lightweight sound insulation pad comprises a sound absorption layer, a bonding layer, an aerogel coating and a sound insulation layer which are sequentially arranged; the lightweight sound insulation pad is designed by the hierarchical structure, and the aerogel coating is adopted to replace the traditional recoating material, so that the obtained lightweight sound insulation pad has the advantages of excellent sound insulation effect and light weight, the noise such as wind noise and tire noise outside a cab is effectively isolated, the weight of parts can be reduced, and the fuel efficiency of a fuel vehicle or the endurance mileage of an electric vehicle is promoted; the aerogel coating is free from peculiar smell and low in VOC (volatile organic compounds) emission, has no influence on the quality of air in the vehicle, meets the control requirements on volatile organic compounds in the air in the vehicle, and is suitable for batch production and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automotive interior trim, and particularly relates to a lightweight sound insulation pad and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the continuous innovation of vehicle manufacturing technology, drivers and passengers are more concerned about vehicle noise, and particularly, the noise level of a cab directly influences the comfort of the vehicle. In the driving process of the automobile, a lot of noises including engine noises, wind noises, road noises and the like can be generated, and the noises penetrate through the automobile and are transmitted into the automobile, so that bad experience is brought to a user, and the user is irritated. Therefore, in a conventional automobile, a sound insulation pad is generally disposed in the automobile to insulate and absorb noise, thereby improving comfort of a user.
The automobile front wall inner sound insulation pad is one of main sound insulation parts in the whole automobile, is mainly positioned at the front part in the automobile and the lower part of an instrument panel and is in lap joint with a front carpet, and plays the roles of isolating engine noise and reducing the transmission of the engine noise into the automobile.
Enclose interior sound insulation pad's material structure before conventional car is: a combination of hard layer felt, heavy coat (EPDM or EVA) and soft layer felt. CN210881221U discloses thermal-insulated pad that gives sound insulation of automotive interior, including the sound insulation pad body, the inside bottom of sound insulation pad body is provided with the underlay, and the top of sound insulation pad body is provided with the PVC epidermal layer, the top surface of underlay is provided with the sponge layer, and bonds through vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive between underlay and the sponge layer, the top surface of sponge layer is provided with the sound insulation felt layer. The utility model discloses a set up and inhaled sound layer body, sound enters into through inhaling the sound hole and inhales the sound cotton, enter into afterwards and inhale in the sound layer, reach the clearance once more to sound, can improve the syllable-dividing effect of sound insulation pad body, the poor problem of sound insulation effect of sound insulation pad body has been solved, flame retardant coating and wearing layer have been set up, can guarantee not being burnt when getting on fire, can not make the combustion range aggravation yet, enlarge, the wear resistance of sound insulation pad body has been increased, the life of extension sound insulation pad body. CN105538841A discloses a sound insulation pad for automobile interior and a preparation process thereof, the sound insulation pad for automobile interior is formed by bonding a sound absorption layer and a sound insulation layer by adhesive glue, wherein the sound absorption layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber, 50-80 parts of fibrilia, 20-40 parts of polyester fiber and 10-30 parts of glass fiber, wherein the sound insulation pad for the interior of the automobile is formed by bonding double-layer materials, the sound absorption layer not only has the sound absorption effect, but also has the effects of heat insulation, dust insulation, sealing and shock absorption, is nontoxic and tasteless, waterproof and moistureproof and has good air permeability, and the sound insulation layer not only has the sound insulation effect, but also has the effects of heat insulation, dust insulation, sealing and shock absorption. CN110216950A discloses an automobile sound insulation pad and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the automobile sound insulation pad comprises an EPDM layer, a PE film layer and a thermoplastic reconstituted cotton layer which are sequentially overlapped. The automobile sound insulation pad adopts a combination mode of three materials of EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer), PE (polyethylene) film and thermoplastic reconstituted cotton, wherein the PE film plays a role similar to an adhesive; the EPDM and the thermoplastic reconstituted cotton can ensure that the sound insulation pad has excellent sound insulation performance on the premise of meeting the requirements of low weight and high strength. Compared with the prior art, the production process of the automobile sound insulation pad is simple and easy to operate, the product is formed in one step, a punching device or water jet equipment is not required to be used for cutting the product, and the production cost is greatly reduced; and no harmful substance is generated in the whole production process, so that the method is safe and environment-friendly.
However, although the sound insulation pad provided in the prior art has good sound insulation performance, the sound insulation performance is weak, and the gram weight of the adopted heavy coating material is high, so that the sound insulation pad is not in line with the development trends of light weight of the whole vehicle, low energy consumption and low emission.
Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem in the art to develop a sound insulating mat having excellent sound absorbing effect and sound insulating effect and reduced weight.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a lightweight sound insulation pad and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the lightweight sound insulation pad comprises a sound absorption layer, a bonding layer, an aerogel coating and a sound insulation layer which are sequentially arranged; through above-mentioned structural design, and one side of puigging sets up the aerogel coating, has obtained the sound insulation pad that acoustic performance is stable and lightweight.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a lightweight acoustic insulator mat comprising, in order, a sound absorbing layer, a bonding layer, an aerogel coating, and an acoustic insulator layer.
The cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the lightweight sound insulation pad provided by the invention is shown in fig. 1, wherein 1 represents a sound insulation layer, 2 represents an aerogel coating, 3 represents an adhesive layer, and 4 represents a sound absorption layer; the sound insulation layer 1 mainly plays a sound insulation role; the aerogel layer 2 is made of aerogel, the aerogel is one of the lightest solids in the world, has a high specific surface area and nanometer-scale holes, and is excellent in thermal and acoustic properties, so that the aerogel layer 2 is arranged on one side of the sound insulation layer 1, the sound insulation pad is favorable for achieving stable acoustic properties and light weight, the weight of parts is further reduced, and the fuel efficiency of a fuel vehicle or the endurance mileage of an electric vehicle is improved; the bonding layer 3 is used for connecting the sound insulation layer 1 with the aerogel coating and the sound absorption layer 4; sound absorbing layer 4 collocation puigging 1 makes the puigging that obtains have excellent sound absorption effect and sound insulation effect concurrently, can effectively completely cut off noise such as wind noise, child noise outside the cockpit, has finally obtained the lightweight puigging that sound insulation performance and sound absorption performance are all excellent.
When the lightweight sound insulation pad provided by the invention is applied to the front wall of an automobile, the sound absorption layer, the bonding layer, the aerogel coating and the sound insulation layer are sequentially arranged from the outside of a cab to the inside of the cab.
Preferably, the sound absorption layer has a thickness of 3 to 20mm, such as 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, or 20 mm.
Preferably, the grammage of the sound absorption layer is 850-1250 gsm, such as 900gsm, 950gsm, 1000gsm, 1050gsm, 1100gsm, 1150gsm or 1200 gsm.
Preferably, the sound insulation layer has a thickness of 2 to 8mm, such as 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, or the like.
Preferably, the acoustical layer has a grammage of 800-1000 gsm, such as 820gsm, 840gsm, 860gsm, 880gsm, 1000gsm, 1020gsm, 1040gsm, 1080gsm, 1100gsm, 1120gsm, 1140gsm, 1160gsm, 1170gsm, 1180gsm, or 1190gsm, and the like.
Preferably, the materials of the sound absorption layer and the sound insulation layer are felt.
Preferably, the raw material for the felt comprises a combination of PET fibers and cotton fibers.
Preferably, the PET fibers include a combination of low melting point PET fibers and ordinary PET fibers.
In the present invention, the "low-melting PET fiber" refers to a PET fiber having a melting point of 100 to 130 ℃, and the "ordinary PET fiber" refers to a PET fiber having a melting point of 240 to 260 ℃.
Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the felt of the sound absorption layer and the felt of the sound insulation layer respectively and independently comprise the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of low-melting-point PET fibers, 50-80 parts of cotton fibers and 10-25 parts of common PET fibers.
The low melting point PET fiber may be 12 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 22 parts by weight, 24 parts by weight, 26 parts by weight, 28 parts by weight, or the like.
The cotton fiber may be 53 parts by weight, 56 parts by weight, 59 parts by weight, 62 parts by weight, 65 parts by weight, 68 parts by weight, 71 parts by weight, 74 parts by weight, 77 parts by weight, or the like.
The general PET fiber may be 12 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 22 parts by weight, 24 parts by weight, or the like.
Preferably, the lengths of the PET fibers and the cotton fibers are each independently 30-80 mm, such as 35mm, 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, 55mm, 60mm, 65mm, 70mm, 75mm, or the like.
Preferably, the linear density of the cotton fibers and the PET fibers is 4 to 8dtex, such as 4.5dtex, 5dtex, 5.5dtex, 6dtex, 6.5dtex, 7dtex, 7.5dtex, or 8 dtex.
Preferably, the felt of the sound absorption layer is prepared by a method comprising: and (3) felting the cotton fibers and the PET fibers to obtain the felt of the sound absorption layer.
Preferably, the felt of the soundproof layer is obtained by pressing the felt of the sound absorption layer.
Preferably, the pressing is performed in a hot press platen die.
Preferably, the temperature of the pressing is 150 to 180 ℃, such as 153 ℃, 156 ℃, 159 ℃, 162 ℃, 165 ℃, 168 ℃, 171 ℃, 174 ℃ or 177 ℃.
Preferably, the pressing pressure is 5 to 8MPa, such as 5.3MPa, 5.6MPa, 5.9MPa, 6.2MPa, 6.5MPa, 6.8MPa, 7.1MPa, 7.4MPa or 7.7MPa, etc.
Preferably, the dwell time of the pressing is 50 to 90s, such as 55s, 60s, 65s, 70s, 75s, 80s, 85s, or the like.
As a preferable technical scheme, the preparation method of the felt of the soundproof layer comprises the following steps:
(1) felting PET fibers and cotton fibers to obtain felts of the sound absorption layer;
(2) and (2) placing the felt of the sound absorption layer obtained in the step (1) in a hot pressing flat plate die, applying a pressure of 5-8 MPa for 50-90 s at 150-180 ℃, and cooling to obtain the felt of the sound absorption layer.
Preferably, the adhesive layer includes any one of a polypropylene film, a polyethylene film, a polyamide film, or a polyvinyl chloride film.
Preferably, the grammage of the adhesive layer is 20-60 gsm, such as 25gsm, 30gsm, 35gsm, 40gsm, 45gsm, 50gsm or 55 gsm.
Preferably, the aerogel coating has a thickness of 1 to 3mm, such as 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.6mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.6mm, or 2.8mm, and the like.
Preferably, the raw material for preparing the aerogel coating comprises a combination of silicon aerogel, water-based acrylic resin and solvent.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the raw materials for preparing the aerogel coating comprise the combination of silicon aerogel, water-based acrylic resin and a solvent; the silica aerogel is the most common aerogel material, and has high porosity, large specific surface area and low thermal conductivity.
Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the aerogel coating comprise the following components in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of silicon aerogel, 15-20 parts of water-based acrylic resin and 40-60 parts of solvent.
The silica aerogel can be 27 parts by weight, 29 parts by weight, 31 parts by weight, 33 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 37 parts by weight, 39 parts by weight, or the like.
The aqueous acrylic resin may be 15.5 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 16.5 parts by weight, 17 parts by weight, 17.5 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, 18.5 parts by weight, 19 parts by weight, 19.5 parts by weight, or the like.
Preferably, the solvent comprises water.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the lightweight soundproof pad according to the first aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) coating the preparation raw material of the aerogel coating on one side of the sound insulation layer to obtain a composite layer;
(2) and (3) sequentially connecting the sound absorption layer, the bonding layer and the aerogel coating in the composite layer obtained in the step (1), and carrying out hot pressing to obtain the lightweight sound insulation pad.
Preferably, the coating method in step (1) comprises any one of brushing, spraying or rolling.
Preferably, the step (1) further comprises a drying step after the coating.
Preferably, the hot pressing of step (2) is performed in a steam flat plate mold.
Preferably, step (2) further comprises the steps of vacuumizing and filling steam before hot pressing.
Preferably, the pressure of the system after evacuation is from-0.01 to-0.08 MPa, such as-0.02 MPa, -0.03MPa, -0.04MPa, -0.05MPa, -0.06MPa or-0.07 MPa.
Preferably, the hot pressing temperature in step (2) is 150-200 ℃, such as 155 ℃, 160 ℃, 165 ℃, 170 ℃, 175 ℃, 180 ℃, 185 ℃, 190 ℃ or 195 ℃.
Preferably, the hot pressing in step (2) is performed under a pressure of 6 to 15MPa (e.g., 7MPa, 8MPa, 9MPa, 10MPa, 11MPa, 12MPa, 13MPa, or 14MPa, etc.).
Preferably, the dwell time of the hot pressing in the step (2) is 60-150 s, such as 70s, 80s, 90s, 100s, 110s, 120s, 130s or 140 s.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) brushing, spraying or roller coating the preparation raw materials of the aerogel coating on one side of the sound insulation layer to obtain a composite layer;
(2) and (2) sequentially connecting the sound absorption layer, the bonding layer and the aerogel coating in the composite layer obtained in the step (1), placing the composite layer in a steam flat plate die, vacuumizing to enable the pressure of the system to be-0.01 to-0.08 MPa, filling steam, and applying the pressure of 6 to 15MPa for 60 to 150 seconds at the temperature of 150 to 200 ℃ to obtain the lightweight sound insulation pad.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a use of the lightweight acoustic insulating mat according to the first aspect in a front wall of an automobile.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the lightweight sound insulation pad provided by the invention comprises a sound absorption layer, a bonding layer, an aerogel coating and a sound insulation layer which are sequentially arranged; select aerogel coating to replace current recoat material, can guarantee that the sound insulating pad that obtains has excellent syllable-dividing and inhale the sound effect, can effectively completely cut off noise such as wind noise, child noise outside the cockpit, satisfy the demand of consumer to driving comfort level.
(2) The lightweight sound insulation pad provided by the invention realizes the lightweight of the sound insulation pad on the premise of ensuring the stable acoustic performance, so that the weight of parts using the lightweight sound insulation pad is reduced, and the fuel efficiency of a fuel vehicle or the endurance mileage of an electric vehicle is promoted; and the raw material of the aerogel coating is water-based paint, so that when the aerogel coating is applied to automotive interior, the aerogel coating has no peculiar smell and low VOC (volatile organic Compounds) emission, has no influence on the quality of air in a vehicle, and meets the control requirements on volatile organic compounds in the vehicle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lightweight acoustic pad according to the present invention, wherein 1-a sound-insulating layer, 2-an aerogel layer, 3-an adhesive layer, and 4-a sound-absorbing layer;
FIG. 2 is a frequency-sound absorption coefficient spectrum of the sound-insulating mat obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1;
fig. 3 is a frequency-sound insulation amount spectrum of the sound insulation mat obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
Preparation example 1
A soft felt with a thickness of 10mm and a grammage of 850 gsm; the preparation raw materials comprise 20 parts by weight of low-melting-point PET fiber (melting point of 120 ℃), 60 parts by weight of cotton fiber and 20 parts by weight of common PET fiber (melting point of 250 ℃);
the preparation method of the soft felt obtained in the preparation example comprises the following steps: the soft felt is prepared by air-laying low-melting-point PET fibers, cotton fibers and common PET fibers.
Preparation example 2
A soft felt, the thickness is 5mm, the gram weight is 950 gsm; the preparation raw materials comprise, by weight, 10 parts of low-melting-point PET fiber (melting point of 120 ℃), 50 parts of cotton fiber and 10 parts of common PET fiber (melting point of 250 ℃);
the preparation method of the soft felt obtained in the preparation example comprises the following steps: the soft felt is prepared by air-laying low-melting-point PET fibers, cotton fibers and common PET fibers.
Preparation example 3
A bristle felt having a thickness of 2 mm; the preparation method comprises the following steps: the soft felt obtained in preparation example 1 was placed in a hot press platen and applied with a pressure of 8MPa at 165 c for 90s to obtain the hard felt.
Preparation example 4
A bristle felt having a thickness of 4 mm; the preparation method comprises the following steps: the soft felt obtained in preparation example 1 was placed in a hot press platen and applied with a pressure of 6MPa at 160 ℃ for 70s to obtain the hard felt.
Preparation example 5
A bristle felt having a thickness of 5 mm; the preparation method comprises the following steps: the soft felt obtained in preparation example 1 was placed in a hot press platen and applied with a pressure of 6MPa at 160 ℃ for 60s to obtain the hard felt.
Example 1
A light-weight sound insulation pad is shown in figure 1 in a schematic cross-sectional structure view and comprises a sound absorption layer 4, a bonding layer 3, an aerogel coating 2 and a sound insulation layer 1 which are sequentially arranged;
wherein the sound absorption layer 4 is the soft felt obtained in preparation example 2;
the bonding layer 3 is a polyethylene film with a gram weight of 25 gsm;
the thickness of the aerogel coating 2 is 2mm, and the preparation raw material is silicon aerogel coating;
the soundproof layer 1 was a hard felt obtained in preparation example 3;
the preparation method of the lightweight sound insulation pad obtained in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) brushing silicon aerogel coating (Hunan rock pattern, YTAC-001-A) on one side of the sound insulation layer to obtain a composite layer;
(2) and (2) sequentially connecting the sound absorbing layer, the polyethylene film and the silicon aerogel coating in the composite layer obtained in the step (1), placing the sound absorbing layer, the polyethylene film and the silicon aerogel coating in a steam flat plate die, vacuumizing to enable the pressure of the system to be-0.02 MPa, keeping the pressure for 10s, filling steam, applying the pressure of 8MPa for 90s at 170 ℃, opening the die, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the lightweight sound insulating pad.
Example 2
A lightweight soundproof pad having the same sectional structure as in example 1; comprises a sound absorption layer (the soft felt obtained in the preparation example 2) which is arranged in sequence; a bonding layer (a polyethylene film with a gram weight of 30 gsm), an aerogel coating (with a thickness of 2mm, and the preparation raw materials of silicon aerogel coating (Hunan rock pattern, YTAC-001-A) and a sound insulation layer (a hard felt obtained in preparation example 4);
the preparation method of the lightweight sound insulation pad obtained in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) brushing the silica aerogel coating on one side of the sound insulation layer to obtain a composite layer;
(2) and (2) sequentially connecting the sound absorbing layer, the polyethylene film and the silicon aerogel coating in the composite layer obtained in the step (1), placing the composite layer in a steam flat plate die, vacuumizing to enable the pressure of the system to be-0.04 MPa, keeping the pressure for 10s, filling steam, applying the pressure of 10MPa for 120s at 180 ℃, opening the die, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the lightweight sound insulating pad.
Example 3
A lightweight soundproof pad having the same sectional structure as in example 1; comprises a sound absorption layer (the soft felt obtained in the preparation example 2) which is arranged in sequence; a bonding layer (a polyamide film with a gram weight of 30 gsm), an aerogel coating (with a thickness of 3mm, and the preparation raw materials of silicon aerogel coating (Hunan rock pattern, YTAC-001-A) and a sound insulation layer (the bristle felt obtained in preparation example 5);
the preparation method of the lightweight sound insulation pad obtained in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) brushing the silica aerogel coating on one side of the sound insulation layer to obtain a composite layer;
(2) and (2) sequentially connecting the sound absorbing layer, the polyamide film and the silicon aerogel coating in the composite layer obtained in the step (1), placing the sound absorbing layer, the polyamide film and the silicon aerogel coating in a steam flat plate mold, vacuumizing to enable the pressure of the system to be-0.01 MPa, keeping the pressure for 10s, filling steam, applying the pressure of 12MPa for 150s at 200 ℃, opening the mold, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the lightweight sound insulating pad.
Comparative example 1
An acoustic insulator mat differing from example 1 only in that the silicone aerogel coating of example 1 was replaced with an EPDM heavy coat (prepared from an EPDM paint (wuhanwood), and the other structures and parameters were the same as those of example 1.
And (3) performance testing:
(1) sound absorption performance: testing according to a testing method provided by the standard GB/T20247-2006;
(2) sound insulation performance: testing according to the test standard provided by the standard GB/T31004.1-2014;
(3) weight: the weight of the soundproof pad having a size of 0.6m × 0.6m was measured.
The sound insulation pads obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 are tested according to the above test methods (1) to (2), and the test results are shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, wherein fig. 2 is a frequency-sound absorption coefficient spectrogram of the sound insulation pads obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1, and as can be seen from fig. 2, the sound absorption coefficient of the sound insulation pads obtained in examples 1 to 3 in the 400 to 6300Hz band is obviously higher than that of comparative example 1, and the sound absorption performance is proved to be obviously better than that of the sound insulation pad obtained in comparative example 1; fig. 3 is a frequency-sound insulation amount spectrum of the sound insulation pads obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1, and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the sound insulation performance of the sound insulation pads obtained in examples 1 to 3 is equivalent to that of the sound insulation pad obtained in comparative example 1, even has slight advantages in middle and high frequency ranges (1000 to 10000Hz), and the sound insulation performance is proved to be obviously superior to that of the sound insulation pad obtained in comparative example 1, because the aerogel material has low density and small pore size, is fully fused with acrylic resin and aqueous solvent, and the material is compact after the paint is dried.
The sound-insulating mats obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were tested according to the test method (3) described above, and the test data are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Weight (g) | |
| Example 1 | 940 |
| Example 2 | 1020 |
| Example 3 | 1090 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1200 |
As can be seen from the data in table 1:
the lightweight sound insulating mat provided by the invention is lighter in weight than the sound insulating mat obtained in comparative example 1, specifically, the weight of the sound insulating mat obtained in example 1 is reduced by 27% compared with the sound insulating mat obtained in comparative example 1; the weight of the soundproof pad obtained in example 2 was reduced by 18% compared to that obtained in comparative example 1; the weight of the soundproof pad obtained in example 2 was reduced by 10% compared to that obtained in comparative example 1; the sound insulation pad provided by the invention has the advantage of light weight.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples to a lightweight acoustic insulator mat and a method of making and using the same, but the present invention is not limited to the above process steps, i.e. it is not meant that the present invention must rely on the above process steps to be carried out. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected materials and additions of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes and the like, which are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention, are contemplated by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a lightweight gives sound insulation and fills up, its characterized in that, lightweight gives sound insulation fills up including the sound absorbing layer, tie coat, aerogel coating and the puigging that set gradually.
2. The lightweight sound insulating mat according to claim 1, wherein the sound absorbing layer has a thickness of 3 to 20 mm;
preferably, the grammage of the sound absorption layer is 850-1250 gsm;
preferably, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 2-8 mm;
preferably, the grammage of the sound insulation layer is 800-1000 gsm.
3. The lightweight acoustic mat according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of the sound absorbing layer and the sound insulating layer is felt;
preferably, the raw material for preparing the felt comprises a combination of cotton fibers and PET fibers;
preferably, the PET fibers comprise a combination of low melting point PET fibers and ordinary PET fibers;
preferably, the raw materials for preparing the felt of the sound absorption layer and the felt of the sound insulation layer respectively and independently comprise the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of low-melting-point PET fibers, 50-80 parts of cotton fibers and 10-25 parts of common PET fibers;
preferably, the lengths of the cotton fibers and the PET fibers are respectively and independently 30-80 mm;
preferably, the linear density of the cotton fibers and the linear density of the PET fibers are respectively and independently 4-8 dtex.
4. The lightweight acoustic insulator mat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the felt of the sound absorbing layer is prepared by a method comprising: felting PET fibers and cotton fibers to obtain felts of the sound absorption layer;
preferably, the felt of the sound insulation layer is obtained by pressing the felt of the sound absorption layer;
preferably, the pressing is performed in a hot-pressing platen die;
preferably, the pressing temperature is 150-180 ℃;
preferably, the pressing pressure is 5-8 MPa;
preferably, the dwell time of the pressing is 50-90 s.
5. The lightweight acoustic mat according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the adhesive layer comprises any one of a polypropylene film, a polyethylene film, a polyamide film, or a polyvinyl chloride film;
preferably, the gram weight of the bonding layer is 20-60 gsm.
6. The lightweight acoustic mat according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the aerogel coating has a thickness of 1 to 3 mm;
preferably, the gram weight of the aerogel layer is 800-1500 gsm;
preferably, the raw materials for preparing the aerogel coating comprise a combination of silicon aerogel, water-based acrylic resin and a solvent;
preferably, the raw materials for preparing the aerogel coating comprise the following components in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of silicon aerogel, 15-20 parts of water-based acrylic resin and 40-60 parts of solvent;
preferably, the solvent comprises water.
7. A method for preparing the lightweight acoustic insulating mat according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) coating the preparation raw material of the aerogel coating on one side of the sound insulation layer to obtain a composite layer;
(2) and (3) sequentially connecting the sound absorption layer, the bonding layer and the aerogel coating in the composite layer obtained in the step (1), and carrying out hot pressing to obtain the lightweight sound insulation pad.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the coating of step (1) comprises any one of brushing, spraying or rolling;
preferably, the step (1) further comprises a drying step after the coating.
9. The production method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the hot pressing of step (2) is performed in a steam flat plate mold;
preferably, before the hot pressing in the step (2), the steps of vacuumizing and filling steam are also included;
preferably, the pressure of the vacuumized system is-0.01 to-0.08 MPa;
preferably, the temperature of the hot pressing in the step (2) is 150-200 ℃;
preferably, the hot pressing in the step (2) is carried out under the condition of 6-15 MPa;
preferably, the dwell time of the hot pressing in the step (2) is 60-150 s.
10. Use of the lightweight sound insulating mat according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the front wall of an automobile.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111149175.5A CN113682004A (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Lightweight sound insulation pad and preparation method and application thereof |
| PCT/CN2022/118913 WO2023051260A1 (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-15 | Lightweight sound deadening pad, and manufacturing method therefor and use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111149175.5A CN113682004A (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Lightweight sound insulation pad and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113682004A true CN113682004A (en) | 2021-11-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111149175.5A Pending CN113682004A (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Lightweight sound insulation pad and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN113682004A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023051260A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115302900A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-08 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Passenger compartment front wall sound insulation pad and preparation method thereof |
| WO2023051260A1 (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-06 | 无锡吉兴汽车声学部件科技有限公司 | Lightweight sound deadening pad, and manufacturing method therefor and use thereof |
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| WO2023051260A1 (en) | 2023-04-06 |
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