CN116899675A - A construction waste crushing device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction waste crushing device and method, which relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment. It includes a processing box. Support legs for supporting the processing box are provided on both sides of the processing box. The middle position of the upper end of the processing box is fixedly connected. There is a feed box; the inside of the feed box is provided with a crushing component for crushing construction waste; the upper end of the inside of the processing box is provided with a filter component for removing flexible substances in the construction waste; the present invention is provided by Two staggered bar plates can filter the crushed construction waste during work. Since the screening plate has a bar structure, the small pieces of construction waste can pass through smoothly during work, and some flexible items can pass smoothly due to the bar structure. The materials that are not broken by the crushing components will be blocked on the bar plate, and then discharged from the bottom of the screening plate under the vibration of the spiral paddle.

Description

A construction waste crushing device and method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment, specifically a construction waste crushing device and method.

Background technique

Construction waste is solid waste generated during the construction, reconstruction, expansion or demolition of buildings. According to the different sources of construction waste, it can be divided into construction waste and demolition waste. As the name implies, construction waste is the solid waste generated during new construction, reconstruction or expansion projects, while demolition waste is the construction waste generated during the demolition and demolition of buildings.

In the recycling process of waste materials, it is necessary to use crushing equipment to crush construction waste. The existing technology CN112676016B proposes a construction waste crushing device, which includes a first box, a second box and a third box, which is characterized by , the upper end of the third box is provided with a material inlet, and the left and right sides of the material inlet are provided with blocking mechanisms. The third box is provided with two crushing rollers, and the blocking mechanism is located on the third On the upper side of a box, the device can crush construction waste.

However, this device still has certain shortcomings in practical application. In the processing of construction waste, the construction waste will contain a large amount of ferromagnetic substances (such as unprocessed short steel bars, iron nails, iron wires, etc. in concrete). These If the materials are not removed, they will easily get stuck in the device during rotary crushing of buildings, causing machine failure. At the same time, construction waste is often mixed with some flexible materials (such as used clothing, foam boards, plastic bags, beverage bottles). etc.), these substances will easily wrap around the crushing rotor during operation, and may also easily cause the discharge port of the machine to be blocked. At the same time, the existing crushing equipment cannot control the waste entering the crushing cavity when crushing. , and then it is easy to have too much waste inside the crushing chamber, resulting in a heavy load on the equipment, which can easily lead to machine jamming and overloading of the drive motor. In response to the above problems, we provide a construction waste crushing device and method to solve the above mentioned problems. to the problem.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a construction waste crushing device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A construction waste crushing device includes a treatment box. Support legs for supporting the treatment box are provided on both sides of the treatment box. A feed box is fixedly connected to the middle position of the upper end of the treatment box. There is a feed box inside the feed box. Crushing components for crushing construction waste;

The upper end of the inside of the treatment box is provided with a filter assembly for removing flexible substances in construction waste;

There is a guide plate inside the treatment box located below the filter assembly, and adsorption rods are provided at the discharge positions of the two guide plates. Support arms for fixing the adsorption rods are provided on both sides of the treatment box. Avoidance holes for avoiding the adsorption rods are provided on both sides of the treatment box, and an iron discharge assembly is provided on the adsorption rods for draining the ferromagnetic substances adsorbed on the adsorption rods out of the treatment box;

There is a discharge pipe in the center of the lower end of the treatment box, a crushing box is provided below the treatment box, and a sliding tube is provided on the upper end of the crushing box. The sliding tube is slidingly connected to the discharge pipe, and the lower end surface of the treatment box is also There are several fixed rods fixedly connected. The upper edge of the crushing box is provided with several sliding seats that are slidingly connected to the fixed rods. The lower end of the fixed rods is fixedly connected with a bottom block. The fixed rod is located between the sliding seat and the bottom block. There is a second spring through the position;

There is a matching grinding ring inside the crushing box. A central shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end surface of the crushing box. The upper end of the central shaft is fixedly connected to a crushing cone that cooperates with the matching grinding ring to crush waste materials. Both sides of the crushing box There is an adjustment component on the side for adjusting the position of the distance between the matching grinding ring and the crushing cone;

There are discharge outlets on both sides of the lower end of the crushing box. The central axis is fixedly connected to a lever at the lower end of the crushing box. An installation box is fixedly connected to one side inside the processing box. The installation box is located on the discharge pipe. A unloading screw is rotatably connected to the center, and a short shaft is rotatably connected to one side of the processing box at the port of the installation box. The short shaft and the unloading screw are both installed with a fifth belt at positions inside the installation box. pulley, a fifth transmission belt is installed between the fifth pulleys, and a friction wheel is also installed at the lower end of the short shaft;

A driving assembly for driving the friction wheel to rotate is provided on one side of the crushing box;

The side of the treatment box is also provided with a power assembly for driving the iron discharge assembly, the crushing assembly and the central shaft to operate.

As a further solution of the present invention: the crushing assembly includes two first crushing rollers. The two first crushing rollers are rotatably connected at both sides of the upper end of the feed box. Two first crushing rollers are also installed on both sides of the lower end of the feed box. For the second crushing roller, the distance between the two first crushing rollers is greater than the distance between the two second crushing rollers. Gears are installed at the position where one end of the two second crushing rollers is connected to the shaft head and passes through the feed box. The two gears The third pulley is installed at the position where the other end of the feed box on one side connects the shaft head to pass out of the feed box, and the position where the first crushing roller connects the shaft head to pass out of the feed box. The two on the same side are equipped with third pulleys. A third belt is installed between the third pulleys, and eccentric wheels are installed at the ends of the connecting shaft heads of the feed box.

As a further solution of the present invention: the filter assembly includes a screening plate, the screening plate is slidingly connected to the upper end of the treatment box, and the screening plate is composed of two bar plates arranged in different directions. The rod plates are all tilted, and the four corners of the screening plate are fixedly connected with sliding rods. The upper ends of the sliding rods are fixedly connected with a pressure plate used to cooperate with the eccentric wheel. The sliding rod is located between the pressure plate and the upper end surface of the treatment box. The first spring is installed at the position.

As a further solution of the present invention: the iron row assembly includes a rotating sleeve, which is rotatably connected to both ends of the adsorption rod, and a spiral paddle is fixedly connected between the two rotating sleeves. The spiral paddle Rotally connected to the adsorption rod, a worm gear is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve at one end of the adsorption rod, and a transmission assembly for transmission is also provided between the rotating sleeve and the transmission shaft.

As a further solution of the present invention: the transmission assembly includes a fourth pulley, which is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission shaft and the end of the rotating sleeve away from the processing box, and is installed between the two fourth pulleys. There is a fourth transmission belt, and a discharge hopper is fixedly connected to a side of the processing box located below the end of the spiral paddle.

As a further solution of the present invention: the adjustment assembly includes a sliding groove, the sliding groove is located on both sides of the crushing box, the lower ends of both sides of the crushing box are fixedly connected to electric cylinders, and the output ends of the electric cylinders are fixedly connected. There is a connecting block, which is fixedly connected to the matching grinding ring.

As a further solution of the present invention: the driving assembly includes a support frame, the support frame is fixedly connected to one side of the crushing box, the support frame is rotatably connected to a shaft on the side away from the crushing box, and the upper end of the support frame A cone-shaped transmission wheel is rotatably connected. The bar shaft and the cone-shaped transmission wheel are connected by a universal coupling. The lower end of the bar shaft and the lower end of the central shaft are both equipped with first pulleys. One of the two first pulleys is The first transmission belt is installed between them.

As a further solution of the present invention: the power assembly includes a drive motor, the drive motor is fixedly connected to the processing box above the worm gear, a drive shaft is installed at the output end of the drive motor, and the drive shaft is provided with a The worm gear is matched with the worm, the lower end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to a hexagonal shaft, the side of the crushing box away from the support frame is rotatably connected to a sleeve shaft, the hexagonal shaft is inserted into the sleeve shaft, and the lower end of the central shaft A second pulley is installed on the lower end of the sleeve shaft and the sleeve shaft, and a second transmission belt is installed between the two second pulleys.

As a further solution of the present invention: the adsorption rod is composed of a permanent magnet rod and a non-magnetic rod. The permanent magnet rod is set up inside the treatment box, and the non-magnetic rod is set up outside the treatment box.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention can filter the crushed construction waste during operation through two staggered bar plates. Since the screening plate has a bar structure, it can be turned into small pieces of construction waste during operation and can pass through smoothly. , and some flexible items will be blocked on the bar plate because they are not broken by the crushing component, and then discharged from the bottom of the screening plate under the vibration of the spiral paddle.

2. The present invention can adsorb the ferromagnetic substances in the waste through the adsorption rod set up during operation, and then push the adsorbed ferromagnetic substances through the rotating spiral paddle to discharge the adsorbed ferromagnetic substances, and then It can effectively prevent ferromagnetic substances from affecting the device during the subsequent crushing process.

3. Through the crushing cone provided in the present invention, the crushing process can be broken into small pieces during operation. At the same time, through the provided driving assembly, second spring, bottom block and fixed rod, the waste materials inside the crushing box can be crushed during use. to automatically adjust the feeding speed. When too much waste accumulates inside the crushing box, the overall weight of the crushing box will increase, which will compress the second spring and move downward. When the crushing box moves downward, it will drive The conical transmission wheel moves downward at the same time. After the conical transmission wheel moves downward, the contact position of the conical transmission wheel and the friction wheel will also change, thereby changing the transmission ratio of the bar shaft and the short shaft. When the conical transmission wheel The greater the amount of downward movement, the slower the rotation speed of the friction wheel, which in turn can slow down the rotation speed of the unloading screw to slow down the unloading speed and avoid excessive accumulation of waste inside the crushing box, resulting in excessive load on the crushing cone. causing equipment failure.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the other side of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the processing box in the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crushing box in the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the iron row assembly in the present invention.

Figure 8 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of position A in Figure 4 of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the screening plate in the present invention.

Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the feed box in the present invention.

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the installation box in the present invention.

Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the adsorption rod in the present invention.

Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the material guide plate in the present invention.

Among them: 1. Treatment box; 2. Screening plate; 3. Installation box; 4. Conical transmission wheel; 5. Universal coupling; 6. Support frame; 7. Bar shaft; 8. Electric cylinder; 9. The first transmission belt; 10, central shaft; 11, first pulley; 12, second pulley; 13, lever; 14, crushing cone; 15, matching grinding ring; 16, sleeve shaft; 17, discharge pipe; 18. Unloading screw; 19. Adsorption rod; 191. Permanent magnet rod; 192. Non-magnetic rod; 20. Spiral paddle; 21. Drive shaft; 22. Drive motor; 23. Feed box; 24. Gear; 25. Pressure plate; 26. Third pulley; 27. Third belt; 28. Drive shaft; 29. Fourth pulley; 30. Eccentric wheel; 31. Fourth transmission belt; 32. Worm gear; 33. Worm; 34. Hexagonal shaft; 35, guide plate; 36, first spring; 37, sliding rod; 38, rotating sleeve; 39, support arm; 40, sliding tube; 41, crushing box; 42, sliding groove; 43, fifth Pulley; 44. Fifth transmission belt; 45. Friction wheel; 46. Short shaft; 47. First crushing roller; 48. Second crushing roller; 49. Discharge hopper; 50. Second transmission belt; 51. Fixed rod; 52 , second spring; 53, bottom block; 54, discharge port.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 13. In an embodiment of the present invention, a construction waste crushing device includes a processing box 1. Support legs for supporting the processing box 1 are provided on both sides of the processing box 1. The processing box 1 A feeding box 23 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the upper end; the feeding box 23 is provided with a crushing assembly for crushing construction waste; through the crushing assembly, the construction waste can be broken into small pieces of waste during work. This facilitates the subsequent crushing of waste materials by the crushing cone 14.

The crushing assembly includes two first crushing rollers 47. The two first crushing rollers 47 are rotatably connected at both sides of the upper end of the feed box 23. Two second crushers are also installed on both sides of the lower end of the feed box 23. Roller 48, the distance between the two first crushing rollers 47 is greater than the distance between the two second crushing rollers 48, and the two second crushing rollers 48 are equipped with gears 24 at the positions where one end of the shaft head is connected and passes through the feed box 23, The two gears 24 mesh with each other. The position where the other end of the feed box 23 on one side connects the shaft head and passes out of the feed box 23 and the position where the first crushing roller 47 on one side connects the shaft head and passes out of the feed box 23 are equipped with a third gear. A third belt 27 is installed between the pulley 26 and the two third pulleys 26 on the same side, and an eccentric 30 is installed at the end of the connecting shaft head of the feed box 23 .

During operation, the rotation of the transmission shaft 28 can drive the second crushing roller 48 to rotate, and the rotation of the second crushing roller 48 can drive the gear 24 to rotate. The two gears 24 mesh with each other to realize the rotation of the two second crushing rollers 48. The rotation of the two second crushing rollers 48 can drive the two first crushing rollers 47 to rotate under the action of the third belt 27 and the third pulley 26. The rotation of the two first crushing rollers 47 can preliminarily crush large pieces of waste materials. , and then further crushed by the second crushing roller 48 to break the waste into small pieces.

The inner upper end of the treatment box 1 is provided with a filter assembly for removing flexible substances in construction waste; the filter assembly includes a screening plate 2, and the screening plate 2 is slidingly connected to the upper end of the treatment box 1. The screening plate 2 is composed of two bar plates arranged in different directions. Both bar plates are arranged at an angle. The four corners of the screening plate 2 are fixedly connected with sliding rods 37, and the upper ends of the sliding rods 37 are fixedly connected. There is a pressure plate 25 for cooperating with the eccentric wheel 30 , and a first spring 36 is installed on the sliding rod 37 between the pressure plate 25 and the upper end surface of the processing box 1 .

Through the two staggered bar plates provided, the crushed construction waste can be filtered during work. Since the screening plate 2 has a bar structure, the small pieces of construction waste can pass smoothly during work, and some Since the flexible items are not broken by the crushing components, they will be blocked on the bar plate, and then discharged from the bottom of the screening plate 2 under the vibration of the spiral paddle 20. When the transmission shaft 28 rotates, the eccentric wheel 30 will be driven. Rotation, the rotation of the eccentric wheel 30 can continuously press the pressure plate 25, and in cooperation with the first spring 36, the shaking of the screening plate 2 is achieved.

The treatment box 1 is provided with a material guide plate 35 at a position below the filter assembly, and an adsorption rod 19 is provided at the position where the two guide plates 35 discharge materials. There are adsorption rods 19 on both sides of the treatment box 1. The fixed support arm 39 has avoidance holes on both sides of the treatment box 1 for avoiding the adsorption rod 19. The adsorption rod 19 is provided with a hole for draining the ferromagnetic material adsorbed on the adsorption rod 19 out of the treatment box 1. Iron discharge component; through the set adsorption rod 19, the ferromagnetic substances in the waste can be adsorbed during operation, and then the adsorbed ferromagnetic substances are pushed through the rotating spiral paddle 20, and the adsorbed ferromagnetic substances are discharged , which can effectively prevent ferromagnetic substances from affecting the device during the subsequent crushing process.

The iron row assembly includes a rotating sleeve 38, which is rotatably connected to both ends of the adsorption rod 19. A spiral paddle 20 is fixedly connected between the two rotating sleeves 38. The spiral paddle 20 is connected to the adsorption rod 19. The rod 19 is rotatably connected, and a worm gear 32 is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve 38 at one end of the adsorbing rod 19. There is also a transmission component for transmission between the rotating sleeve 38 and the transmission shaft 28; the adsorbing rod 19 is composed of a permanent magnet rod 191 It consists of a permanent magnet rod 192 set inside the treatment box 1 and a non-magnetic rod 192 set outside the treatment box 1; during operation, the drive shaft 21 rotates to drive the worm 33, and the worm 33 rotates to drive the worm gear 32. The rotation of the worm gear 32 drives the rotating sleeve 38, and the rotating sleeve 38 rotates to drive the spiral paddle 20, thereby pushing the material adsorbed on the adsorption rod 19 out of the avoidance hole. After the adsorption rod 19 is pushed out, the adsorption rod 19 does not have magnetism, and the ferromagnetic material loses its attraction and falls to the The discharge hopper 49 discharges.

The transmission assembly includes a fourth pulley 29. The fourth pulley 29 is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission shaft 28 and the end of the rotating sleeve 38 away from the processing box 1. A third pulley is installed between the two fourth pulleys 29. Four transmission belts 31, one side of the processing box 1 is fixedly connected to a discharge hopper 49 at a position below the end of the spiral paddle 20; during operation, the fourth pulley 29 rotates to drive the fourth transmission belt 31 to operate, and the fourth transmission belt 31 operates The two fourth pulleys 29 can be driven to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the transmission of the transmission shaft 28 and the rotating sleeve 38 .

A discharge pipe 17 is provided at the center of the lower end of the treatment box 1. A crushing box 41 is provided below the treatment box 1. A sliding tube 40 is provided at the upper end of the crushing box 41. The sliding tube 40 is slidingly connected to the discharge pipe 17. , the lower end of the processing box 1 is also fixedly connected with a number of fixed rods 51, the upper edge of the crushing box 41 is provided with a number of sliding seats slidingly connected to the fixed rods 51, and the lower end of the fixed rod 51 is fixedly connected with a bottom block 53. The fixed rod 51 is located between the sliding seat and the bottom block 53 and is provided with a second spring 52; the fixed rod 51, the second spring 52 and the bottom block 53 can make the crushing box 41 meet during use. The height is automatically changed according to the weight, thereby driving the driving assembly to move to control the amount of material being discharged.

There is a matching grinding ring 15 inside the crushing box 41. A central shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the lower end surface of the crushing box 41. The upper end of the central shaft 10 is fixedly connected to a crushing cone that cooperates with the matching grinding ring 15 to crush the waste. 14. The two sides of the crushing box 41 are provided with adjustment components for adjusting the position of the distance between the matching grinding ring 15 and the crushing cone 14; the adjustment component includes a sliding groove 42, and the sliding groove 42 is provided on both sides of the crushing box 41. position, the lower ends of both sides of the crushing box 41 are fixedly connected with electric cylinders 8, and the output ends of the electric cylinders 8 are fixedly connected with connecting blocks. The connecting blocks are fixedly connected with the matching grinding ring 15; when in use, the electric cylinder 8 can drive Cooperating with the grinding ring 15 to move up and down, the thickness of the crushed waste can be adjusted according to needs.

Discharge outlets 54 are provided on both sides of the lower end of the crushing box 41. The central axis 10 is fixedly connected to a lever 13 at the lower end of the crushing box 41. An installation box 3 is fixedly connected to one side inside the processing box 1, so The installation box 3 is rotatably connected to a discharge screw 18 at the center of the discharge pipe 17, and a short shaft 46 is rotatably connected to one side of the processing box 1 at the port of the installation box 3. The short shaft 46 and the discharge pipe are rotatably connected to the installation box 3. Fifth pulleys 43 are installed at the positions where the screw rod 18 is located inside the installation box 3. A fifth transmission belt 44 is installed between the fifth pulleys 43. A friction wheel 45 is also installed at the lower end of the short shaft 46;

During operation, the waste materials can be crushed by the rotation of the crushing cone 14, and the convex strips on the crushing cone 14 are used to cooperate with the matching grinding ring 15 to continuously squeeze and impact the waste materials, thereby crushing the waste materials.

One side of the crushing box 41 is provided with a driving assembly for driving the friction wheel 45 to rotate; the driving assembly includes a support frame 6, the support frame 6 is fixedly connected to one side of the crushing box 41, and the support frame 6 is away from A shaft 7 is rotatably connected to one side of the crushing box 41, and a conical transmission wheel 4 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the support frame 6. The bar shaft 7 and the conical transmission wheel 4 are connected by a universal coupling 5, so A first pulley 11 is installed at the lower end of the bar shaft 7 and the lower end of the central shaft 10, and a first transmission belt 9 is installed between the two first pulleys 11; during operation, the rotation of the central shaft 10 drives the first transmission belt 9 to operate. , the operation of the first transmission belt 9 drives the bar shaft 7 to rotate, the rotation of the bar shaft 7 can drive the conical transmission wheel 4 to rotate, the rotation of the conical transmission wheel 4 can drive the friction wheel 45 to rotate, the rotation of the friction wheel 45 can drive the fifth belt The wheel 43 rotates, the fifth pulley 43 drives the fifth transmission belt 44 to rotate, and the rotation of the fifth transmission belt 44 drives the unloading screw 18 to rotate for unloading.

The side of the treatment box 1 is also provided with a power assembly for driving the iron row assembly, the crushing assembly and the central shaft 10 to operate; the power assembly includes a drive motor 22, and the drive motor 22 is fixedly connected to the worm gear of the treatment box 1. At a position above 32, a drive shaft 21 is installed at the output end of the drive motor 22. The drive shaft 21 is provided with a worm 33 that matches the worm gear 32. The lower end of the drive shaft 21 is fixedly connected to a hexagonal shaft 34. The side of the crushing box 41 away from the support frame 6 is rotatably connected to a sleeve shaft 16. The hexagonal shaft 34 is inserted into the sleeve shaft 16. The lower end of the central shaft 10 and the lower end of the sleeve shaft 16 are both equipped with a second pulley 12. , a second transmission belt 50 is installed between the two second pulleys 12 .

During operation, the drive motor 22 drives the drive shaft 21 to rotate, and the rotation of the drive shaft 21 drives the sleeve shaft 16 to rotate. The sleeve shaft 16 and the hexagonal shaft 34 can slide. The up and down displacement of the crushing box 41 does not affect the transmission of the drive shaft 21. , the rotation of the sleeve shaft 16 can drive the second pulley 12 to rotate, and the rotation of the second pulley 12 can drive the second transmission belt 50 to rotate, which in turn can drive the central shaft 10 to rotate.

The working principle of the present invention is: during operation, the driving motor 22 is started, the driving motor 22 drives the driving shaft 21 to rotate, the rotation of the driving shaft 21 drives the sleeve shaft 16 to rotate, and the rotation of the sleeve shaft 16 can drive the second pulley 12 to rotate. , the rotation of the second pulley 12 can drive the second transmission belt 50 to rotate, which in turn can drive the central shaft 10 to rotate. At the same time, the driving shaft 21 can drive the worm 33 to rotate. The rotation of the worm 33 can drive the worm gear 32 to rotate, and then drive the worm gear 32 to rotate. The rotating sleeve 38 and the spiral paddle 20 rotate, and at the same time, the transmission shaft 28 can be driven to rotate under the transmission of the fourth pulley 29 and the fourth transmission belt 31. During work, the construction waste is put in from the feed box 23, and then the transmission The rotation of the shaft 28 drives the second crushing roller 48 to rotate. The rotation of the second crushing roller 48 can drive the gear 24 to rotate. The two gears 24 mesh with each other to realize the rotation of the two second crushing rollers 48. The two second crushing rollers 48 The rotation can drive the two first crushing rollers 47 to rotate under the action of the third belt 27 and the third pulley 26. The rotation of the two first crushing rollers 47 can preliminarily crush the large pieces of waste, and then pass through the second crushing process. The roller 48 further crushes the waste materials into small pieces. The broken small pieces of waste materials fall on the screening plate 2 for filtering, and the flexible items are filtered out. Then the small pieces of waste materials fall and move toward the screen under the action of the guide plate 35. It gathers in the middle and then falls on the adsorption rod 19. The ferromagnetic material is adsorbed by the adsorption rod 19, and then discharged under the rotation of the spiral paddle 20. The magnetically filtered waste falls to the bottom of the treatment box 1, and then is discharged by the unloading screw. It is sent into the crushing box 41 under the rotation of the crushing cone 18, and then crushed under the rotation of the crushing cone 14. The crushed waste is discharged from the discharge port 54.

When too much waste accumulates inside the crushing box 41, the overall weight of the crushing box 41 will increase, which will compress the second spring 52 and move downward. When the crushing box 41 moves downward, it will drive the conical transmission wheel 4 to move simultaneously. Move downward, the contact position of the conical transmission wheel 4 and the friction wheel 45 will also change after the conical transmission wheel 4 moves downward, thereby changing the transmission ratio of the bar shaft 7 and the short shaft 46. When the conical transmission wheel 4 The greater the amount of downward movement, the slower the rotation speed of the friction wheel 45, which in turn can slow down the rotation speed of the unloading screw rod 18 to slow down the unloading speed and avoid excessive accumulation of waste material inside the crushing box 41 causing the crushing cone. 14Excessive load causes equipment failure.

It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Although this specification is described in terms of implementations, not each implementation only contains one technical solution. This description is only for the sake of clarity. Persons skilled in the art should take this specification as a whole and understand the technology in each embodiment. The solutions can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a construction waste reducing mechanism, includes treatment case (1), treatment case (1) both sides all are equipped with the supporting leg that is used for supporting treatment case (1), treatment case (1) upper end intermediate position fixedly connected with feeding case (23); the feeding box is characterized in that a crushing assembly for crushing construction waste is arranged in the feeding box (23);

the upper end of the inside of the treatment box (1) is provided with a filtering component for removing flexible substances in construction waste;

the device is characterized in that a material guide plate (35) is arranged at the lower position of the filtering component inside the treatment box (1), adsorption rods (19) are arranged at the discharging positions of the two material guide plates (35), support arms (39) for fixing the adsorption rods (19) are arranged at two sides of the treatment box (1), avoiding holes for avoiding the adsorption rods (19) are formed in two sides of the treatment box (1), and an iron discharging component for discharging ferromagnetic substances adsorbed on the adsorption rods (19) out of the treatment box (1) is arranged on the adsorption rods (19);

the novel grinding device is characterized in that a discharge pipe (17) is arranged at the center of the lower end of the treatment box (1), a grinding box (41) is arranged below the treatment box (1), a sliding pipe (40) is arranged at the upper end of the grinding box (41), the sliding pipe (40) is in sliding connection with the discharge pipe (17), a plurality of fixing rods (51) are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the treatment box (1), a plurality of sliding seats which are in sliding connection with the fixing rods (51) are arranged at the edge of the upper end of the grinding box (41), a bottom block (53) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixing rods (51), and a second spring (52) is arranged at the position between the sliding seats and the bottom block (53) in a penetrating mode;

the grinding device is characterized in that a matched grinding ring (15) is arranged inside the grinding box (41), a central shaft (10) is rotationally connected in the middle of the lower end face of the grinding box (41), a grinding cone (14) matched with the matched grinding ring (15) for grinding waste is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central shaft (10), and adjusting assemblies for adjusting the positions of the matched grinding ring (15) and the grinding cone (14) in a spacing mode are arranged on two sides of the grinding box (41);

the utility model discloses a grinding device, including a grinding box (41), a grinding box (1), a center shaft (10), a mounting box (3), a blanking screw (18), a short shaft (46), a fifth belt wheel (43) and a friction wheel (45) are respectively arranged at the positions of the center shaft (46) and the blanking screw (18) in the mounting box (3), wherein the positions of the center shaft (10) in the lower end of the grinding box (41) are fixedly connected with a deflector rod (13), the mounting box (3) is fixedly connected with one side of the inside of the processing box (1), the blanking screw (18) is rotatably connected with the position of the center of the discharging pipe (17), the short shaft (46) is rotatably connected with the position of the port of the mounting box (3), the fifth belt wheel (44) is arranged between the fifth belt wheel (43), and the friction wheel (45) is also arranged at the lower end of the short shaft (46);

a driving component for driving the friction wheel (45) to rotate is arranged on one side of the crushing box (41);

one side of the treatment box (1) is also provided with a power component for driving the iron discharging component, the crushing component and the central shaft (10) to operate.

2. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing assembly comprises two first crushing rollers (47), the two first crushing rollers (47) are rotatably connected at positions on two sides of the upper end of the feeding box (23), two second crushing rollers (48) are further arranged on two sides of the lower end of the feeding box (23), the interval between the two first crushing rollers (47) is larger than the interval between the two second crushing rollers (48), gears (24) are arranged at positions, at which shaft heads are connected with one ends of the two second crushing rollers (48), of the two crushing rollers penetrate out of the feeding box (23), the two gears (24) are meshed with each other, the shaft heads are connected with the other ends of the feeding box (23) on one side, the shaft heads are connected with the first crushing rollers (47) on one side, the shaft heads are connected with the feeding box (23), third pulleys (26) are arranged at positions, between the two third pulleys (26) on the same side, and eccentric wheels (30) are arranged at the shaft head connecting ends of the feeding box (23).

3. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 2, wherein the filtering assembly comprises a screening plate (2), the screening plate (2) is slidably connected to the upper end of the treatment box (1), the screening plate (2) is composed of two bar plates different in arrangement direction, the two bar plates are obliquely arranged, sliding rods (37) are fixedly connected to four corners of the screening plate (2), pressing plates (25) matched with the eccentric wheels (30) are fixedly connected between the upper ends of the sliding rods (37), and a first spring (36) is installed at a position between the pressing plates (25) and the upper end face of the treatment box (1).

4. A construction waste reducing mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the iron removing assembly comprises rotary sleeves (38), the rotary sleeves (38) are respectively connected to two ends of the adsorption rod (19) in a rotary mode, a spiral poking piece (20) is fixedly connected between the two rotary sleeves (38), the spiral poking piece (20) is rotationally connected with the adsorption rod (19), a worm wheel (32) is fixedly connected to the rotary sleeve (38) at one end of the adsorption rod (19), and a transmission assembly for transmission is further arranged between the rotary sleeve (38) and the transmission shaft (28).

5. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 4, wherein the transmission assembly comprises fourth pulleys (29), the fourth pulleys (29) are fixedly connected to the end of the transmission shaft (28) and one end of the rotary sleeve (38) far away from the treatment box (1), a fourth transmission belt (31) is arranged between the two fourth pulleys (29), and a discharge hopper (49) is fixedly connected to one side of the treatment box (1) below the end part of the spiral pulling sheet (20).

6. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting assembly comprises a sliding groove (42), the sliding groove (42) is formed in the positions of two sides of the crushing box (41), electric cylinders (8) are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two sides of the crushing box (41), connecting blocks are fixedly connected to the output ends of the electric cylinders (8), and the connecting blocks are fixedly connected with the matched grinding rings (15).

7. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the driving assembly comprises a supporting frame (6), the supporting frame (6) is fixedly connected to one side of the crushing box (41), one side of the supporting frame (6) away from the crushing box (41) is rotationally connected with a bar shaft (7), the upper end of the supporting frame (6) is rotationally connected with a conical driving wheel (4), the bar shaft (7) and the conical driving wheel (4) are connected by adopting a universal coupling (5), the lower ends of the bar shaft (7) and the lower end of a central shaft (10) are both provided with first belt wheels (11), and a first driving belt (9) is arranged between the two first belt wheels (11).

8. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 4, wherein the power assembly comprises a driving motor (22), the driving motor (22) is fixedly connected to the position, above the worm wheel (32), of the treatment box (1), a driving shaft (21) is installed at the output end of the driving motor (22), a worm (33) matched with the worm wheel (32) is arranged on the driving shaft (21), a hexagonal shaft (34) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the driving shaft (21), a sleeve shaft (16) is rotatably connected to one side, far away from the support frame (6), of the crushing box (41), the hexagonal shaft (34) is arranged in the sleeve shaft (16) in a penetrating manner, second pulleys (12) are installed at the lower end of the central shaft (10) and the lower end of the sleeve shaft (16), and a second transmission belt (50) is installed between the two second pulleys (12).

9. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 4, wherein the adsorption rod (19) is composed of a permanent magnet rod (191) and a non-magnetic rod (192), the permanent magnet rod (191) is arranged at a position inside the treatment tank (1), and the non-magnetic rod (192) is arranged outside the treatment tank (1).

10. A method of using a construction waste comminution apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

step 1, when in use, a driving motor (22) is started, the driving motor (22) drives a driving shaft (21) to rotate, the driving shaft (21) rotates to drive a sleeve shaft (16) to rotate, the sleeve shaft (16) rotates to drive a second belt wheel (12) to rotate, the second belt wheel (12) rotates to drive a second transmission belt (50) to rotate, and then a central shaft (10) can be driven to rotate, meanwhile, the driving shaft (21) can drive a worm (33) to rotate, the worm (33) rotates to drive a worm wheel (32) to rotate, and then a rotating sleeve (38) and a spiral plectrum (20) are driven to rotate, and meanwhile, a transmission shaft (28) can be driven to rotate under the transmission of a fourth belt wheel (29) and a fourth transmission belt (31);

step 2, when the construction waste feeding device works, construction waste is put into a feeding box (23), then a transmission shaft (28) rotates to drive a second crushing roller (48) to rotate, the second crushing roller (48) rotates to drive a gear (24) to rotate, the two gears (24) are meshed with each other to realize the rotation of the two second crushing rollers (48), the two second crushing rollers (48) rotate under the action of a third belt (27) and a third belt wheel (26) to drive two first crushing rollers (47) to rotate, the two first crushing rollers (47) rotate to primarily crush massive waste, then the second crushing roller (48) further crush the massive waste, the crushed small waste falls onto a screening plate (2) to be filtered, flexible objects are filtered, and then the small waste falls down;

step 3, gathering towards the middle under the action of a guide plate (35), then falling onto an adsorption rod (19), adsorbing ferromagnetic substances by the adsorption rod (19), discharging under the rotation action of a spiral pulling piece (20), discharging magnetically filtered waste materials, falling into the bottom of a treatment box (1), feeding the magnetically filtered waste materials into a crushing box (41) under the rotation action of a discharging spiral rod (18), crushing under the rotation action of a crushing cone (14), and discharging crushed waste materials from a discharge port (54).