CN116899675A

CN116899675A - Building waste smashing device and method

Info

Publication number: CN116899675A
Application number: CN202310879088.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴桢
Original assignee: Zhengzhou Shengda University of Economics Business and Management
Current assignee: Zhengzhou Shengda University of Economics Business and Management
Priority date: 2023-07-18
Filing date: 2023-07-18
Publication date: 2023-10-20

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction waste smashing device and a construction waste smashing method, which relate to the technical field of construction waste treatment and comprise a treatment box, wherein supporting legs for supporting the treatment box are arranged on two sides of the treatment box, and a feeding box is fixedly connected to the middle position of the upper end of the treatment box; the inside of the feeding box is provided with a crushing assembly for crushing construction waste; the upper end of the inside of the treatment box is provided with a filtering component for removing flexible substances in the construction waste; according to the invention, through the two staggered bar plates, the crushed construction waste can be filtered during operation, and the screening plate is of a bar structure, so that small construction waste can smoothly pass through during operation, and flexible objects can be blocked on the bar plates because the flexible objects are not crushed by the crushing assembly and then discharged from the bottom of the screening plate under the vibration action of the spiral pulling piece.

Description

Building waste smashing device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment, in particular to a construction waste smashing device and method.

Background

Building waste is solid waste generated during the construction, reconstruction, extension or demolition of a building. Construction waste and demolition waste can be classified according to the source of the construction waste. Construction waste is, as the name implies, solid waste generated in new, rebuilding or expanding projects, and demolished construction waste is construction waste generated when demolishing a building.

Need carry out shredding to construction waste with the help of crushing apparatus in the regeneration treatment of waste material, prior art CN 112676016B has proposed a construction waste reducing mechanism, including first box, second box and third box, its characterized in that, the pan feeding mouth has been seted up to the upper end of third box, stock stop has been seted up to the left and right sides of pan feeding mouth, be provided with two crushing rollers in the third box, stock stop is located the upside of first box, and the device can realize shredding to construction waste material.

However, the device still has certain defect in practical application, in the treatment of construction waste, a large amount of ferromagnetic substances (such as short steel bars, iron nails, iron wires and the like which are not treated cleanly in concrete) are contained in the construction waste, if the substances are not removed, the substances are easily blocked in the device when the construction is subjected to rotary crushing, machine faults are caused, meanwhile, flexible substances (such as waste clothes, foam boards, plastic bags, beverage bottles and the like) are often doped in the construction waste, the substances are easily wound on a crushing rotor when the construction waste works, meanwhile, a machine discharge hole is easily blocked, meanwhile, the waste entering a crushing cavity cannot be controlled when the traditional crushing equipment is used for crushing, and further, the conditions that the load of equipment is large due to excessive waste in the crushing cavity, and then the machine is easily blocked and a driving motor is overloaded are easily provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a construction waste smashing device and method for solving the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the building waste smashing device comprises a treatment box, wherein supporting legs for supporting the treatment box are arranged on two sides of the treatment box, and a feeding box is fixedly connected to the middle position of the upper end of the treatment box; the inside of the feeding box is provided with a crushing assembly for crushing construction waste;

the upper end of the inside of the treatment box is provided with a filtering component for removing flexible substances in the construction waste;

the treatment box is internally provided with a material guide plate at the lower position of the filtering component, the discharging positions of the two material guide plates are provided with adsorption rods, the two sides of the treatment box are respectively provided with a support arm for fixing the adsorption rods, the two sides of the treatment box are provided with avoiding holes for avoiding the adsorption rod, and the adsorption rod is provided with an iron discharging assembly for discharging ferromagnetic substances adsorbed on the adsorption rod out of the treatment box;

the center of the lower end of the treatment box is provided with a discharge pipe, a crushing box is arranged below the treatment box, the upper end of the crushing box is provided with a sliding pipe which is in sliding connection with the discharge pipe, the lower end surface of the treatment box is fixedly connected with a plurality of fixing rods, the edge of the upper end of the crushing box is provided with a plurality of sliding seats which are in sliding connection with the fixing rods, the lower end of the fixing rods is fixedly connected with a bottom block, and a second spring is arranged between the sliding seats and the bottom block in a penetrating manner at the position of the fixing rods;

the inside of the crushing box is provided with a matched grinding ring, the middle of the lower end surface of the crushing box is rotationally connected with a central shaft, the upper end of the central shaft is fixedly connected with a crushing cone matched with the matched grinding ring to crush waste, and two sides of the crushing box are provided with adjusting components for adjusting the positions of the intervals between the matched grinding ring and the crushing cone;

the two sides of the lower end of the crushing box are respectively provided with a discharge outlet, the position of the central shaft at the lower end of the crushing box is fixedly connected with a deflector rod, one side of the inside of the treatment box is fixedly connected with a mounting box, the position of the mounting box at the center of the discharge pipe is rotationally connected with a discharging screw rod, one side of the treatment box is rotationally connected with a short shaft at the position of the port of the mounting box, the positions of the short shaft and the discharging screw rod at the inside of the mounting box are respectively provided with a fifth belt wheel, a fifth driving belt is arranged between the fifth belt wheels, and the lower end of the short shaft is also provided with a friction wheel;

a driving component for driving the friction wheel to rotate is arranged on one side of the crushing box;

and one side of the treatment box is also provided with a power component for driving the iron discharging component, the crushing component and the central shaft to operate.

As a further scheme of the invention: the crushing assembly comprises two first crushing rollers, the two first crushing rollers are rotationally connected to the positions on two sides of the upper end of the feeding box, two second crushing rollers are further arranged on two sides of the lower end of the feeding box, the distance between the two first crushing rollers is larger than the distance between the two second crushing rollers, gears are arranged at the positions, penetrating out of the feeding box, of one end of each second crushing roller, the two gears are meshed with each other, the other end of each feeding box is connected with the shaft head, the position, penetrating out of the feeding box, of the shaft head, of each first crushing roller is connected with the shaft head, the position, penetrating out of the feeding box, of each first crushing roller is provided with a third belt wheel, a third belt is arranged between the two third belt wheels on the same side, and eccentric wheels are arranged at the ends of the connecting shaft heads of the feeding box.

As still further aspects of the invention: the filter component comprises a screening plate, the screening plate is slidably connected to the upper end of the treatment box, the screening plate is composed of two bar plates different in arrangement direction, the two bar plates are obliquely arranged, sliding bars are fixedly connected to four corners of the screening plate, pressing plates matched with the eccentric wheels are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the sliding bars, and a first spring is installed at the position, located between the pressing plates and the upper end face of the treatment box, of the sliding bars.

As still further aspects of the invention: the iron discharging assembly comprises rotating sleeves, the rotating sleeves are respectively connected to the two ends of the adsorption rod in a rotating mode, a spiral pulling piece is fixedly connected between the two rotating sleeves, the spiral pulling piece is rotationally connected with the adsorption rod, a worm wheel is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve at one end of the adsorption rod, and a transmission assembly used for transmission is further arranged between the rotating sleeves and the transmission shaft.

As still further aspects of the invention: the transmission assembly comprises fourth belt wheels which are respectively and fixedly connected with one ends of the transmission shaft end part and the rotating sleeve, which are far away from the treatment box, a fourth transmission belt is arranged between the two fourth belt wheels, and a discharge hopper is fixedly connected with one side of the treatment box below the spiral plectrum end part.

As still further aspects of the invention: the adjusting component comprises a sliding groove, the sliding groove is arranged at the positions of two sides of the crushing box, the lower ends of the two sides of the crushing box are fixedly connected with electric cylinders, the output ends of the electric cylinders are fixedly connected with connecting blocks, and the connecting blocks are fixedly connected with the matched grinding rings.

As still further aspects of the invention: the driving assembly comprises a supporting frame, the supporting frame is fixedly connected to one side of the crushing box, a strip shaft is connected to one side, far away from the crushing box, of the supporting frame in a rotating mode, a conical driving wheel is connected to the upper end of the supporting frame in a rotating mode, the strip shaft is connected with the conical driving wheel through a universal coupling, first belt wheels are arranged at the lower end of the strip shaft and the lower end of the central shaft, and a first driving belt is arranged between the two first belt wheels.

As still further aspects of the invention: the power assembly comprises a driving motor, the driving motor is fixedly connected to the position, above the worm wheel, of the treatment box, a driving shaft is installed at the output end of the driving motor, a worm matched with the worm wheel is arranged on the driving shaft, a six-edge shaft is fixedly connected to the lower end of the driving shaft, one side, far away from the support frame, of the crushing box is rotationally connected with a sleeve shaft, the six-edge shaft is arranged in the sleeve shaft in a penetrating mode, second belt wheels are installed at the lower end of the central shaft and the lower end of the sleeve shaft, and a second transmission belt is installed between the two second belt wheels.

As still further aspects of the invention: the adsorption rod consists of a permanent magnet rod and a non-magnetic rod, wherein the permanent magnet rod is arranged at the inner position of the treatment box, and the non-magnetic rod is arranged at the outer part of the treatment box.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, through the two staggered bar plates, the crushed construction waste can be filtered during operation, and the screening plate is of a bar structure, so that small construction waste can smoothly pass through during operation, and flexible objects can be blocked on the bar plates because the flexible objects are not crushed by the crushing assembly and then discharged from the bottom of the screening plate under the vibration action of the spiral pulling piece.

2. According to the invention, through the arranged adsorption rod, ferromagnetic substances in the waste materials can be adsorbed during working, and then the adsorbed ferromagnetic substances are pushed through the rotating spiral poking sheets, so that the adsorbed ferromagnetic substances are discharged, and further the influence of the ferromagnetic substances on the device in the subsequent crushing process can be effectively avoided.

3. According to the invention, through the crushing cone, crushing into small blocks can be performed during operation, meanwhile, through the driving assembly, the second spring, the bottom block and the fixing rod, the feeding speed can be automatically adjusted according to the amount of waste materials in the crushing box during use, when excessive waste materials are accumulated in the crushing box, the whole weight of the crushing box is increased, the second spring is compressed to move downwards, the conical driving wheel is driven to move downwards simultaneously when the crushing box moves downwards, the contact position of the conical driving wheel and the friction wheel is changed along with the conical driving wheel after the conical driving wheel moves downwards, the transmission ratio of a strip shaft and a short shaft can be changed, when the amount of the conical driving wheel moves downwards is larger, the rotation speed of the friction wheel is slower, and the rotation speed of the blanking screw rod is further reduced, so that the blanking speed is reduced, and the condition that the equipment fault caused by overlarge crushing cone load due to excessive waste materials accumulated in the crushing box is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the treatment tank in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the pulverizing box of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an iron discharging assembly according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of fig. 4 at a.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the screening deck according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the feed tank in the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the mounting box in the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of an adsorption rod according to the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a guide plate according to the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a treatment box; 2. a screening plate; 3. a mounting box; 4. a conical driving wheel; 5. a universal coupling; 6. a support frame; 7. a bar shaft; 8. an electric cylinder; 9. a first belt; 10. a central shaft; 11. a first pulley; 12. a second pulley; 13. a deflector rod; 14. crushing cone; 15. matching with a grinding ring; 16. a sleeve shaft; 17. a discharge pipe; 18. a blanking screw rod; 19. an adsorption rod; 191. a permanent magnet rod; 192. no magnetic rod exists; 20. a spiral plectrum; 21. a drive shaft; 22. a driving motor; 23. a feed box; 24. a gear; 25. a pressing plate; 26. a third pulley; 27. a third belt; 28. a transmission shaft; 29. a fourth pulley; 30. an eccentric wheel; 31. a fourth belt; 32. a worm wheel; 33. a worm; 34. a hexagonal shaft; 35. a material guide plate; 36. a first spring; 37. a slide bar; 38. a rotating sleeve; 39. a support arm; 40. a sliding tube; 41. a crushing box; 42. a sliding groove; 43. a fifth pulley; 44. a fifth belt; 45. a friction wheel; 46. a short shaft; 47. a first crushing roller; 48. a second crushing roller; 49. a discharge hopper; 50. a second belt; 51. a fixed rod; 52. a second spring; 53. a bottom block; 54. and a discharge port.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-13, in an embodiment of the present invention, a construction waste crushing device includes a treatment box 1, wherein both sides of the treatment box 1 are provided with supporting legs for supporting the treatment box 1, and a feeding box 23 is fixedly connected to a middle position of an upper end of the treatment box 1; the inside of the feeding box 23 is provided with a crushing assembly for crushing construction waste; through the crushing subassembly that sets up, can be at the during operation with the broken waste material of fritter of construction waste material, and then make things convenient for the crushing of follow-up crushing awl 14 to the waste material.

The crushing assembly comprises two first crushing rollers 47, the two first crushing rollers 47 are rotationally connected to the two sides of the upper end of the feeding box 23, two second crushing rollers 48 are further arranged on the two sides of the lower end of the feeding box 23, the distance between the two first crushing rollers 47 is larger than the distance between the two second crushing rollers 48, gears 24 are arranged at the positions, penetrating out of the feeding box 23, of one end of each of the two second crushing rollers 48 through a shaft head, the two gears 24 are meshed with each other, third belt wheels 26 are arranged at the positions, penetrating out of the feeding box 23, of the other end of each of the one side feeding box 23 through the shaft head and the positions, penetrating out of the feeding box 23, of the first crushing rollers 47 through the shaft head, of the one side of each of the two first crushing rollers 47 are connected with the shaft head, third belt wheels 27 are arranged between the two third belt wheels 26 on the same side of each of the two first crushing rollers, and eccentric wheels 30 are arranged at the ends of the connecting shaft heads of the feeding box 23.

In operation, the transmission shaft 28 rotates to drive the second crushing roller 48 to rotate, the second crushing roller 48 rotates to drive the gear 24 to rotate, the two gears 24 are meshed with each other to realize the rotation of the two second crushing rollers 48, the rotation of the two second crushing rollers 48 can drive the two first crushing rollers 47 to rotate under the action of the third belt 27 and the third belt wheel 26, the rotation of the two first crushing rollers 47 can primarily crush massive waste, and then the waste is crushed into small pieces through the further crushing of the second crushing rollers 48.

The upper end of the inside of the treatment box 1 is provided with a filtering component for removing flexible substances in construction waste; the filter component comprises a screening plate 2, the screening plate 2 is slidably connected to the upper end of the treatment box 1, the screening plate 2 is composed of two rod plates different in arrangement direction, the two rod plates are obliquely arranged, slide rods 37 are fixedly connected to four corners of the screening plate 2, pressing plates 25 matched with the eccentric wheels 30 are fixedly connected between the upper ends of the slide rods 37, and first springs 36 are installed at positions, located between the pressing plates 25 and the upper end face of the treatment box 1, of the slide rods 37.

Through two crisscross strip pole boards that set up, can filter the construction waste after the crushing processing at the during operation, owing to screening board 2 is the strip pole structure, become little construction waste at the during operation and can pass through smoothly, and some flexible article can be blocked on the strip pole board owing to not broken by broken subassembly, then follow screening board 2's bottom department under spiral plectrum 20 vibrations effect and discharge, can drive eccentric wheel 30 rotation when transmission shaft 28 is rotatory, eccentric wheel 30 rotation can constantly carry out the roof pressure to clamp plate 25, realize screening board 2's shake under the cooperation effect with first spring 36.

The treatment box 1 is internally provided with guide plates 35 at the lower positions of the filtering components, the discharge positions of the two guide plates 35 are provided with adsorption rods 19, two sides of the treatment box 1 are respectively provided with a support arm 39 for fixing the adsorption rods 19, two sides of the treatment box 1 are respectively provided with an avoidance hole for avoiding the adsorption rods 19, and the adsorption rods 19 are provided with an iron discharge component for discharging ferromagnetic substances adsorbed on the adsorption rods 19 out of the treatment box 1; through the adsorption rod 19 that sets up, can adsorb the ferromagnetic substance in the waste material at the during operation, then carry out the propelling movement with absorbing ferromagnetic substance through rotatory spiral plectrum 20, discharge absorbing ferromagnetic substance, and then can effectually avoid ferromagnetic substance to cause the influence to the device in subsequent crushing process.

The iron discharging assembly comprises rotating sleeves 38, the rotating sleeves 38 are respectively connected to two end positions of an adsorption rod 19 in a rotating mode, a spiral pulling piece 20 is fixedly connected between the two rotating sleeves 38, the spiral pulling piece 20 is rotationally connected with the adsorption rod 19, a worm wheel 32 is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve 38 at one end of the adsorption rod 19, and a transmission assembly for transmission is further arranged between the rotating sleeves 38 and a transmission shaft 28; the adsorption rod 19 consists of a permanent magnet rod 191 and a non-magnetic rod 192, wherein the permanent magnet rod 191 is arranged at the position inside the treatment box 1, and the non-magnetic rod 192 is arranged outside the treatment box 1; during operation, the driving shaft 21 rotates to drive the worm 33, the worm 33 rotates to drive the worm wheel 32, the worm wheel 32 rotates to drive the rotary sleeve 38, the rotary sleeve 38 rotates to drive the spiral poking piece 20, and then substances adsorbed on the adsorption rod 19 can be pushed out from the avoiding hole, the adsorption rod 19 has no magnetism after being pushed out, and ferromagnetic substances lose attraction and fall into the discharge hopper 49 to be discharged.

The transmission assembly comprises fourth belt wheels 29, the fourth belt wheels 29 are respectively and fixedly connected to the end part of the transmission shaft 28 and one end of the rotary sleeve 38, which is far away from the treatment box 1, a fourth transmission belt 31 is arranged between the two fourth belt wheels 29, and a discharge hopper 49 is fixedly connected to the position, which is positioned below the end part of the spiral plectrum 20, of one side of the treatment box 1; when the transmission shaft 28 and the rotary sleeve 38 are driven, the fourth belt wheel 29 rotates to drive the fourth transmission belt 31 to operate, and the fourth transmission belt 31 operates to drive the two fourth belt wheels 29 to synchronously rotate.

The center of the lower end of the treatment box 1 is provided with a discharge pipe 17, a crushing box 41 is arranged below the treatment box 1, the upper end of the crushing box 41 is provided with a sliding pipe 40, the sliding pipe 40 is in sliding connection with the discharge pipe 17, the lower end surface of the treatment box 1 is fixedly connected with a plurality of fixing rods 51, the edge of the upper end of the crushing box 41 is provided with a plurality of sliding seats which are in sliding connection with the fixing rods 51, the lower end of the fixing rods 51 is fixedly connected with a bottom block 53, and a second spring 52 is penetrated at a position between the sliding seats and the bottom block 53 by the fixing rods 51; the fixed rod 51, the second spring 52 and the bottom block 53 can enable the crushing box 41 to automatically change in height according to weight when in use, and further drive the driving assembly to move to control the blanking amount.

The inside of the crushing box 41 is provided with a matched grinding ring 15, the middle of the lower end surface of the crushing box 41 is rotationally connected with a central shaft 10, the upper end of the central shaft 10 is fixedly connected with a crushing cone 14 matched with the matched grinding ring 15 for crushing waste, and two sides of the crushing box 41 are provided with adjusting components for adjusting the positions of the intervals between the matched grinding ring 15 and the crushing cone 14; the adjusting component comprises a sliding groove 42, the sliding groove 42 is arranged at the positions of two sides of the crushing box 41, the lower ends of the two sides of the crushing box 41 are fixedly connected with electric cylinders 8, the output ends of the electric cylinders 8 are fixedly connected with connecting blocks, and the connecting blocks are fixedly connected with the matched grinding rings 15; when the grinding device is used, the electric cylinder 8 can drive the matched grinding ring 15 to move up and down, so that the thickness of the crushed waste can be adjusted according to the requirement.

The two sides of the lower end of the crushing box 41 are respectively provided with a discharge outlet 54, the position of the central shaft 10 at the lower end of the crushing box 41 is fixedly connected with a deflector rod 13, one side of the inside of the treatment box 1 is fixedly connected with an installation box 3, the position of the installation box 3 at the center of the discharge pipe 17 is rotationally connected with a discharging spiral rod 18, one side of the treatment box 1 is rotationally connected with a short shaft 46 at the position of the port of the installation box 3, the positions of the short shaft 46 and the discharging spiral rod 18 at the inside of the installation box 3 are respectively provided with a fifth belt pulley 43, a fifth driving belt 44 is arranged between the fifth belt pulleys 43, and the lower end of the short shaft 46 is also provided with a friction wheel 45;

during operation, the waste can be crushed by the rotation of the crushing cone 14, and the continuous extrusion impact of the waste is realized by the cooperation of the convex strips on the crushing cone 14 and the cooperation grinding ring 15, so that the waste is crushed.

A driving component for driving the friction wheel 45 to rotate is arranged on one side of the crushing box 41; the driving assembly comprises a supporting frame 6, the supporting frame 6 is fixedly connected to one side of a crushing box 41, a strip shaft 7 is rotatably connected to one side, far away from the crushing box 41, of the supporting frame 6, a conical driving wheel 4 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the supporting frame 6, the strip shaft 7 is connected with the conical driving wheel 4 through a universal coupling 5, first belt wheels 11 are respectively arranged at the lower end of the strip shaft 7 and the lower end of a central shaft 10, and a first driving belt 9 is arranged between the two first belt wheels 11; when the blanking device works, the central shaft 10 rotates to drive the first driving belt 9 to operate, the first driving belt 9 rotates to drive the strip shaft 7 to rotate, the strip shaft 7 rotates to drive the conical driving wheel 4 to rotate, the conical driving wheel 4 rotates to drive the friction wheel 45 to rotate, the friction wheel 45 rotates to drive the fifth belt wheel 43 to rotate, the fifth belt wheel 43 drives the fifth driving belt 44 to operate, and the fifth driving belt 44 rotates to drive the blanking screw rod 18 to rotate for blanking.

One side of the treatment box 1 is also provided with a power component for driving the iron discharging component, the crushing component and the central shaft 10 to operate; the power assembly comprises a driving motor 22, the driving motor 22 is fixedly connected to the treatment box 1 at a position above a worm wheel 32, a driving shaft 21 is installed at the output end of the driving motor 22, a worm 33 matched with the worm wheel 32 is arranged on the driving shaft 21, a six-edge shaft 34 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the driving shaft 21, one side, far away from the support frame 6, of the crushing box 41 is rotatably connected with a sleeve shaft 16, the six-edge shaft 34 is arranged in the sleeve shaft 16 in a penetrating mode, second belt pulleys 12 are installed at the lower end of the central shaft 10 and the lower end of the sleeve shaft 16, and a second transmission belt 50 is installed between the two second belt pulleys 12.

In operation, the driving motor 22 drives the driving shaft 21 to rotate, the driving shaft 21 rotates to drive the sleeve shaft 16 to rotate, the sleeve shaft 16 and the hexagonal shaft 34 can slide, the vertical displacement of the crushing box 41 does not affect the transmission of the driving shaft 21, the sleeve shaft 16 rotates to drive the second belt pulley 12 to rotate, the second belt pulley 12 rotates to drive the second transmission belt 50 to rotate, and the central shaft 10 can be driven to rotate.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: in operation, the driving motor 22 is started, the driving motor 22 drives the driving shaft 21 to rotate, the driving shaft 21 rotates to drive the sleeve shaft 16 to rotate, the sleeve shaft 16 rotates to drive the second belt pulley 12 to rotate, the second belt pulley 12 rotates to drive the second transmission belt 50 to rotate, the central shaft 10 rotates, meanwhile, the driving shaft 21 drives the worm 33 to rotate, the worm 33 rotates to drive the worm wheel 32 to rotate, the rotating sleeve 38 and the spiral plectrum 20 rotate, meanwhile, the transmission shaft 28 rotates under the transmission of the fourth belt pulley 29 and the fourth transmission belt 31, in operation, building waste is thrown into the feeding box 23, then the transmission shaft 28 rotates to drive the second crushing roller 48 to rotate, the second crushing roller 48 rotates to drive the gear 24 to rotate, the two gears 24 are meshed with each other to realize the rotation of the two second crushing rollers 48, the two second crushing rollers 48 rotate under the action of the third belt 27 and the third belt wheel 26 to drive the two first crushing rollers 47 to rotate, the two first crushing rollers 47 rotate to primarily crush the large-sized waste, then the second crushing rollers 48 crush the waste into small pieces, the crushed small-sized waste falls on the screening plate 2 to be filtered, flexible articles are filtered out, the small-sized waste falls down, gathers towards the middle under the action of the guide plate 35 and falls on the adsorption rod 19, ferromagnetic substances are adsorbed by the adsorption rod 19 and then discharged under the action of the rotation of the spiral pulling plate 20, the magnetically filtered waste falls to the bottom of the treatment box 1, then is sent into the crushing box 41 under the action of the rotation of the discharging spiral rod 18, then is crushed under the action of the rotation of the crushing cone 14, the crushed waste is discharged from the discharge port 54,

when too much waste material is accumulated in the crushing box 41, the whole weight of the crushing box 41 is increased, the second spring 52 is compressed to move downwards, the conical driving wheel 4 is driven to move downwards simultaneously when the crushing box 41 moves downwards, the contact position of the conical driving wheel 4 and the friction wheel 45 is changed along with the downward movement of the conical driving wheel 4, the transmission ratio of the strip shaft 7 to the short shaft 46 can be changed, when the downward movement amount of the conical driving wheel 4 is larger, the rotation speed of the friction wheel 45 is slower, the rotation speed of the blanking screw rod 18 is further slowed down, so that the blanking speed is slowed down, and the problem that the excessive load of the crushing cone 14 caused by the too much waste material accumulated in the crushing box 41 causes equipment failure is avoided.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Although the present disclosure describes embodiments in terms of one embodiment, not every embodiment is provided with only one embodiment, and the description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should recognize that the embodiments described in the disclosure may be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that will be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a construction waste reducing mechanism, includes treatment case (1), treatment case (1) both sides all are equipped with the supporting leg that is used for supporting treatment case (1), treatment case (1) upper end intermediate position fixedly connected with feeding case (23); the feeding box is characterized in that a crushing assembly for crushing construction waste is arranged in the feeding box (23);

the upper end of the inside of the treatment box (1) is provided with a filtering component for removing flexible substances in construction waste;

the device is characterized in that a material guide plate (35) is arranged at the lower position of the filtering component inside the treatment box (1), adsorption rods (19) are arranged at the discharging positions of the two material guide plates (35), support arms (39) for fixing the adsorption rods (19) are arranged at two sides of the treatment box (1), avoiding holes for avoiding the adsorption rods (19) are formed in two sides of the treatment box (1), and an iron discharging component for discharging ferromagnetic substances adsorbed on the adsorption rods (19) out of the treatment box (1) is arranged on the adsorption rods (19);

the novel grinding device is characterized in that a discharge pipe (17) is arranged at the center of the lower end of the treatment box (1), a grinding box (41) is arranged below the treatment box (1), a sliding pipe (40) is arranged at the upper end of the grinding box (41), the sliding pipe (40) is in sliding connection with the discharge pipe (17), a plurality of fixing rods (51) are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the treatment box (1), a plurality of sliding seats which are in sliding connection with the fixing rods (51) are arranged at the edge of the upper end of the grinding box (41), a bottom block (53) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixing rods (51), and a second spring (52) is arranged at the position between the sliding seats and the bottom block (53) in a penetrating mode;

the grinding device is characterized in that a matched grinding ring (15) is arranged inside the grinding box (41), a central shaft (10) is rotationally connected in the middle of the lower end face of the grinding box (41), a grinding cone (14) matched with the matched grinding ring (15) for grinding waste is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central shaft (10), and adjusting assemblies for adjusting the positions of the matched grinding ring (15) and the grinding cone (14) in a spacing mode are arranged on two sides of the grinding box (41);

the utility model discloses a grinding device, including a grinding box (41), a grinding box (1), a center shaft (10), a mounting box (3), a blanking screw (18), a short shaft (46), a fifth belt wheel (43) and a friction wheel (45) are respectively arranged at the positions of the center shaft (46) and the blanking screw (18) in the mounting box (3), wherein the positions of the center shaft (10) in the lower end of the grinding box (41) are fixedly connected with a deflector rod (13), the mounting box (3) is fixedly connected with one side of the inside of the processing box (1), the blanking screw (18) is rotatably connected with the position of the center of the discharging pipe (17), the short shaft (46) is rotatably connected with the position of the port of the mounting box (3), the fifth belt wheel (44) is arranged between the fifth belt wheel (43), and the friction wheel (45) is also arranged at the lower end of the short shaft (46);

a driving component for driving the friction wheel (45) to rotate is arranged on one side of the crushing box (41);

one side of the treatment box (1) is also provided with a power component for driving the iron discharging component, the crushing component and the central shaft (10) to operate.

2. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing assembly comprises two first crushing rollers (47), the two first crushing rollers (47) are rotatably connected at positions on two sides of the upper end of the feeding box (23), two second crushing rollers (48) are further arranged on two sides of the lower end of the feeding box (23), the interval between the two first crushing rollers (47) is larger than the interval between the two second crushing rollers (48), gears (24) are arranged at positions, at which shaft heads are connected with one ends of the two second crushing rollers (48), of the two crushing rollers penetrate out of the feeding box (23), the two gears (24) are meshed with each other, the shaft heads are connected with the other ends of the feeding box (23) on one side, the shaft heads are connected with the first crushing rollers (47) on one side, the shaft heads are connected with the feeding box (23), third pulleys (26) are arranged at positions, between the two third pulleys (26) on the same side, and eccentric wheels (30) are arranged at the shaft head connecting ends of the feeding box (23).

3. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 2, wherein the filtering assembly comprises a screening plate (2), the screening plate (2) is slidably connected to the upper end of the treatment box (1), the screening plate (2) is composed of two bar plates different in arrangement direction, the two bar plates are obliquely arranged, sliding rods (37) are fixedly connected to four corners of the screening plate (2), pressing plates (25) matched with the eccentric wheels (30) are fixedly connected between the upper ends of the sliding rods (37), and a first spring (36) is installed at a position between the pressing plates (25) and the upper end face of the treatment box (1).

4. A construction waste reducing mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the iron removing assembly comprises rotary sleeves (38), the rotary sleeves (38) are respectively connected to two ends of the adsorption rod (19) in a rotary mode, a spiral poking piece (20) is fixedly connected between the two rotary sleeves (38), the spiral poking piece (20) is rotationally connected with the adsorption rod (19), a worm wheel (32) is fixedly connected to the rotary sleeve (38) at one end of the adsorption rod (19), and a transmission assembly for transmission is further arranged between the rotary sleeve (38) and the transmission shaft (28).

5. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 4, wherein the transmission assembly comprises fourth pulleys (29), the fourth pulleys (29) are fixedly connected to the end of the transmission shaft (28) and one end of the rotary sleeve (38) far away from the treatment box (1), a fourth transmission belt (31) is arranged between the two fourth pulleys (29), and a discharge hopper (49) is fixedly connected to one side of the treatment box (1) below the end part of the spiral pulling sheet (20).

6. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting assembly comprises a sliding groove (42), the sliding groove (42) is formed in the positions of two sides of the crushing box (41), electric cylinders (8) are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two sides of the crushing box (41), connecting blocks are fixedly connected to the output ends of the electric cylinders (8), and the connecting blocks are fixedly connected with the matched grinding rings (15).

7. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the driving assembly comprises a supporting frame (6), the supporting frame (6) is fixedly connected to one side of the crushing box (41), one side of the supporting frame (6) away from the crushing box (41) is rotationally connected with a bar shaft (7), the upper end of the supporting frame (6) is rotationally connected with a conical driving wheel (4), the bar shaft (7) and the conical driving wheel (4) are connected by adopting a universal coupling (5), the lower ends of the bar shaft (7) and the lower end of a central shaft (10) are both provided with first belt wheels (11), and a first driving belt (9) is arranged between the two first belt wheels (11).

8. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 4, wherein the power assembly comprises a driving motor (22), the driving motor (22) is fixedly connected to the position, above the worm wheel (32), of the treatment box (1), a driving shaft (21) is installed at the output end of the driving motor (22), a worm (33) matched with the worm wheel (32) is arranged on the driving shaft (21), a hexagonal shaft (34) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the driving shaft (21), a sleeve shaft (16) is rotatably connected to one side, far away from the support frame (6), of the crushing box (41), the hexagonal shaft (34) is arranged in the sleeve shaft (16) in a penetrating manner, second pulleys (12) are installed at the lower end of the central shaft (10) and the lower end of the sleeve shaft (16), and a second transmission belt (50) is installed between the two second pulleys (12).

9. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 4, wherein the adsorption rod (19) is composed of a permanent magnet rod (191) and a non-magnetic rod (192), the permanent magnet rod (191) is arranged at a position inside the treatment tank (1), and the non-magnetic rod (192) is arranged outside the treatment tank (1).

10. A method of using a construction waste comminution apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

step 1, when in use, a driving motor (22) is started, the driving motor (22) drives a driving shaft (21) to rotate, the driving shaft (21) rotates to drive a sleeve shaft (16) to rotate, the sleeve shaft (16) rotates to drive a second belt wheel (12) to rotate, the second belt wheel (12) rotates to drive a second transmission belt (50) to rotate, and then a central shaft (10) can be driven to rotate, meanwhile, the driving shaft (21) can drive a worm (33) to rotate, the worm (33) rotates to drive a worm wheel (32) to rotate, and then a rotating sleeve (38) and a spiral plectrum (20) are driven to rotate, and meanwhile, a transmission shaft (28) can be driven to rotate under the transmission of a fourth belt wheel (29) and a fourth transmission belt (31);

step 2, when the construction waste feeding device works, construction waste is put into a feeding box (23), then a transmission shaft (28) rotates to drive a second crushing roller (48) to rotate, the second crushing roller (48) rotates to drive a gear (24) to rotate, the two gears (24) are meshed with each other to realize the rotation of the two second crushing rollers (48), the two second crushing rollers (48) rotate under the action of a third belt (27) and a third belt wheel (26) to drive two first crushing rollers (47) to rotate, the two first crushing rollers (47) rotate to primarily crush massive waste, then the second crushing roller (48) further crush the massive waste, the crushed small waste falls onto a screening plate (2) to be filtered, flexible objects are filtered, and then the small waste falls down;

step 3, gathering towards the middle under the action of a guide plate (35), then falling onto an adsorption rod (19), adsorbing ferromagnetic substances by the adsorption rod (19), discharging under the rotation action of a spiral pulling piece (20), discharging magnetically filtered waste materials, falling into the bottom of a treatment box (1), feeding the magnetically filtered waste materials into a crushing box (41) under the rotation action of a discharging spiral rod (18), crushing under the rotation action of a crushing cone (14), and discharging crushed waste materials from a discharge port (54).