CN116892384A - High-pressure sand remover and sand removing process thereof - Google Patents
High-pressure sand remover and sand removing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116892384A CN116892384A CN202311162399.9A CN202311162399A CN116892384A CN 116892384 A CN116892384 A CN 116892384A CN 202311162399 A CN202311162399 A CN 202311162399A CN 116892384 A CN116892384 A CN 116892384A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000237942 Conidae Species 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/35—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well specially adapted for separating solids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-pressure sand remover and a sand removing process thereof, belongs to the technical field of shale gas exploitation, and solves the technical problem of incomplete sand-gravel separation in the prior art. The sand removing device comprises an outer cylinder body, wherein a rotational flow core cylinder is connected in the outer cylinder body, and the outer wall of the rotational flow core cylinder is abutted against the inner wall of the outer cylinder body; the sand setting barrel comprises a barrel body, wherein an upper cavity and a lower cavity are respectively formed in the barrel body; the sand removal process based on the high-pressure sand remover comprises a main flow, a liquid level control flow and a sand discharge and flushing flow. The high-pressure sand remover and the sand removing process thereof can be better used for separating solid, liquid and gas phases, have replaceable key structures, long service life and convenient disassembly and maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shale gas exploitation, in particular to a high-pressure sand remover and a sand removal process thereof.
Background
Shale gas and dense gas sand content is always a ubiquitous but not well-solved problem in shale gas and dense gas production. The prior sand removal technology relies on a settling tank, spends a great deal of time and places, and is used for discontinuously cleaning and removing sand. However, as the cyclone desander of the 90 th century was used for crude oil desanding, the cyclone desanding technology has gained greater application. With the deep understanding of the cyclone technology, the cyclone sand remover is gradually used under the condition of complicated and changeable wellhead. On the one hand, the sand remover can bear higher design pressure, and on the other hand, the sand remover is also suitable for the characteristic of changeable liquid flow streams at the separator and the throttle. The cyclone sand removal system is additionally arranged on the wellhead to replace equipment such as a filter, a heating tank and the like required in the past, so that the treatment of the complicated fluid at the wellhead can be efficiently completed.
The cyclone sand remover principle is that after the sand-containing air flow enters a settling chamber, the flow area is enlarged, the speed is reduced, sand grains in the air do horizontal movement and settle downwards under the action of the air flow and gravity, if the sand grains settle before reaching an outlet, the sand grains are separated, and clean air is discharged from an air outlet.
The existing cyclone sand remover still has the problems that the inner wall of the cyclone is easy to wear, so that the separation effect and the service life are influenced, the sand separation is incomplete, and the like, so that a high-pressure sand remover with high separation efficiency and long service life and a sand removal process thereof are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the high-pressure sand remover with long service life and high sand removal efficiency and the sand removal process thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a high-pressure sand remover, which comprises a sand remover and a sand setting barrel connected with the sand remover,
the sand remover comprises an outer cylinder body, a rotational flow core cylinder is connected in the outer cylinder body, and the outer wall of the rotational flow core cylinder is abutted against the inner wall of the outer cylinder body; the side wall of the outer cylinder body is obliquely provided with an air inlet pipeline, and the tail end of the air inlet pipeline extends into the cyclone core barrel; the upper part and the lower part of the outer cylinder body are respectively provided with an air outlet pipeline and a sand discharge port;
the sand setting barrel comprises a barrel body, an upper cavity and a lower cavity are respectively formed in the barrel body, the upper cavity is communicated with a sand discharge port, and the lower part of the lower cavity is communicated with the sand discharge port.
The technical effect of adopting the technical scheme is as follows: the sand-containing shale gas is introduced into the outer cylinder body and the cyclone core cylinder arranged in the outer cylinder body, so that the separation of the sand gravel in the sand-containing shale gas is realized; the separated sand body enters a sand setting barrel, and separated gravel is discharged to a special gravel discharging device through the sand setting barrel; the air inlet pipeline which is obliquely arranged is more beneficial to forming stratified flow than the horizontal inlet pipeline, and the preliminary separation of gas and liquid is easier to realize.
Optionally or preferably, the cyclone core barrel comprises a cyclone barrel body and a cyclone cone arranged at the lower part of the cyclone barrel body, and cyclone channels are formed in the cyclone barrel body and the cyclone cone.
Optionally or preferably, the outer cylinder body comprises an upper connecting flange, a square forging, a cylindrical part, an outer cone shell and a lower connecting flange which are arranged from top to bottom; the tail end of the air inlet pipeline penetrates through the square forging piece and extends into the cyclone core barrel; the outer part of the cylindrical part is also provided with a supporting lug, and the lower part of the rotational flow cone is communicated with a conical cavity in the outer cone shell;
the technical effect of adopting the technical scheme is as follows: the sand-containing shale gas realizes the separation of the grits in the cyclone channel formed in the cyclone core barrel, the separated grits can be temporarily stored in the conical cavity formed between the lower part of the cyclone cone and the inner wall of the outer barrel, and meanwhile, the conical structure with wide upper part and narrow lower part can promote the grits to be smoothly discharged out of the sand remover under the action of pressure and self gravity.
An overflow pipeline I is arranged in the rotational flow core barrel and is communicated with the air outlet pipeline.
The technical effect of adopting the technical scheme is as follows: by inserting the overflow pipe into the cyclone channel of the cyclone core barrel to a certain depth, the flow dead zone above the wall surface of the air inlet is artificially manufactured, so that on one hand, the upward movement trend of inlet fluid is reduced, and on the other hand, sand grains moving at a low speed above the cyclone core barrel are prevented from being wrapped by shale gas and leaving the sand remover.
Alternatively or preferably, a target angle is formed between the air inlet pipe and the horizontal planeα，Target angleα27 deg..
The technical effect of adopting the technical scheme is as follows: the inclined air inlet pipeline is more favorable for forming stratified flow than the horizontal inlet pipeline, is easier to realize preliminary separation of gas and liquid, and obtains a target included angle through calculation and testαPreferably 27.
Optionally or preferably, the upper cavity is also communicated with a vent pipeline and an overflow pipeline II; the lower cavity is also communicated with a flushing pipeline.
Optionally or preferably, the inner wall of the cyclone core barrel is provided with an aluminum-based wear-resistant and sulfur-resistant ceramic lining.
The technical effect of adopting the technical scheme is as follows: through being provided with aluminium base wear-resisting sulfur-resistant ceramic lining, can improve the whirl core section of thick bamboo inner wall resistance to shock abrasion ability, simultaneously, the sulfur-resistant material can guarantee that the device works under the hydrogen sulfide corrosion environment.
Alternatively or preferably, the swirl core barrel is detachably connected in the outer barrel.
The technical effect of adopting the technical scheme is as follows: through setting up the whirl core section of thick bamboo into removable structure to make the staff can select corresponding whirl core section of thick bamboo structure according to actual working condition.
The sand removing process of the high-pressure sand remover comprises the following steps of:
the main flow is as follows: after entering the sand remover sledge, the shale gas containing sand firstly carries out pressure and temperature measurement, and then enters the sand remover through a gate valve; separating gas phase and liquid phase in the shale gas containing sand through cyclone separation in the sand remover, enabling the separated gas phase to enter a subsequent link through an air outlet pipeline, and enabling the separated liquid phase to enter a sand setting barrel through a sand discharge port;
the liquid level control flow comprises the following steps: when the liquid phase in the sand setting barrel is stored to a threshold value, opening a valve body corresponding to the overflow pipeline II, and discharging the liquid in the sand setting barrel to an outlet pipeline of the sand remover through the overflow pipeline II;
sand removal and flushing processes: when sand is required to be discharged, the corresponding valve body of the sand discharge port on the upper part of the sand setting barrel is closed, the corresponding valve body of the emptying pipeline is opened, after the sand setting barrel is completely decompressed, the corresponding valve body of the emptying pipeline is closed, the corresponding valve body of the flushing pipeline is opened, high-pressure water is injected into the sand setting barrel, and gravel is pushed by water flow to be discharged out of the pipeline and enter the special gravel discharging device.
Alternatively or preferably, in the main flow, gravel is temporarily stored into the desander through the conical cavity when the discharge port is closed.
Optionally or preferably, the sand removal process is integrally arranged in a skid-mounted mode, and the skid body adopts a heat-insulating structure.
The technical effect of adopting the technical scheme is as follows: the skid-mounted arrangement ensures that the whole process structure is compact, the disassembly is convenient, and the recycling rate is high; the sledge body adopts a heat preservation structure, so that normal operation can be ensured even when the air temperature is low.
Based on the technical scheme, the invention at least has the following technical effects:
according to the high-pressure desanding device and the desanding process thereof, sand-containing shale gas is introduced into the outer cylinder body and the cyclone core cylinder arranged in the outer cylinder body, so that the separation of gravel in the sand-containing shale gas is realized;
the cyclone core barrel is arranged to be of a replaceable structure, so that a worker can select a corresponding cyclone core barrel structure according to actual working conditions;
the air inlet pipeline is obliquely arranged, so that the air inlet pipeline is more beneficial to forming stratified flow than the horizontal inlet pipeline, and the primary separation of gas and liquid is easier to realize; the target included angle between the air inlet pipeline and the horizontal plane is further determined, so that better separation performance is realized;
the whole process is designed through skid-mounted, so that the whole structure is compact, the disassembly is convenient, the recycling rate is high, and the cost is controllable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a construction of a sand remover in a high-pressure sand remover of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a sand settling tank in the high pressure sand remover of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a high pressure desanding process of the present invention based on a high pressure desander;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the skid of the high-pressure desander of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a grid model of the cyclone core barrel in the numerical simulation process of the cyclone core barrel of the high-pressure sand remover.
In the figure: 100. a desanding device; 110. an outer cylinder; 111. an air intake duct; 112. an air outlet pipe; 113. a sand discharge port; 114. a conical cavity; 115. an upper connecting flange; 116. square forgings; 117. a cylindrical member; 118. an outer cone; 119. a lower connecting flange; 1110. a support lug; 120. a swirl core barrel; 121. a swirl cylinder; 122. a spinning cone; 123. a swirl passage; 124. an overflow pipeline I; 200. a sand setting barrel; 210. a tub body; 211. an upper cavity; 212. a lower cavity; 213. a gravel outlet; 214. venting the pipeline; 215. an overflow pipeline II; 216. flushing the pipeline.
Detailed Description
The drawings in the embodiments of the present invention will be combined; the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described; it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all of them, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a high pressure desander includes a desander 100 and a sand setting tub 200 connected to a lower portion of the desander 100; the sand remover 100 comprises an outer cylinder 110, wherein the outer cylinder 110 is provided with an upper connecting flange 115, a square forging 116, a cylindrical part 117, an outer cone shell 118 and a lower connecting flange 119 from top to bottom in sequence; the cyclone core barrel 120 is detachably connected inside the outer barrel 110, and a worker can replace and detach the cyclone core barrel 120 by detaching the upper connecting flange 115.
In this embodiment, the side wall of the square forging 116 is obliquely provided with an air inlet pipe 111, the air inlet pipe 111 is used for introducing the shale gas containing sand into the sand remover 100, the end of the air inlet pipe 111 extends into the cyclone core barrel 120, and a target included angle is formed between the air inlet pipe 111 and the horizontal planeα. Through the air inlet pipeline 111 which is obliquely arranged, the cyclone separation of gas phase and solid phase in the shale gas containing sand is facilitated, and the separation effect can be improved to a great extent.
The outer cylinder 110 is provided at an upper portion thereof with an air outlet pipe 112 and at a lower portion thereof with a sand discharge port 113, the sand discharge port 113 being in communication with the sand settling tank 200.
The cyclone core 120 comprises a cyclone cylinder 121 and a cyclone cone 122 arranged at the lower part of the cyclone cylinder 121, wherein a cyclone channel 123 is formed in the cyclone cylinder 121 and the cyclone cone 122, and a conical cavity 114 is formed between the lower part of the cyclone cone 122 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 110.
In this embodiment, the cyclone core 120 is coaxially disposed with the outer cylinder 110, and an overflow pipe 124 is disposed on the upper portion of the cyclone core 120 and on the axis of the cyclone core 120, and the overflow pipe 124 is in communication with the air outlet pipe 112.
In addition, in order to reduce abrasion of solid particles carried by fluid to the inner wall of the cyclone core barrel 120, in this embodiment, an aluminum-based wear-resistant and sulfur-resistant ceramic liner is disposed on the inner wall of the cyclone core barrel 120, so as to improve the anti-impact and abrasion capacity of the inner wall of the cyclone core barrel, and meanwhile, the sulfur-resistant material can ensure that the device works in a hydrogen sulfide corrosion environment.
In actual operation, after the gas-liquid-solid mixture (shale gas containing sand) enters the cyclone cylinder 121 through the air inlet pipeline 111, the mixture rotates at a high speed in the cyclone channel 123 to generate strong vortex, and the liquid in the cyclone channel 123 moves downwards while rotating under the pushing of the following continuous fluid, and the movement track of the liquid is spiral; after the fluid enters the portion of the spinning cone 122, the liquid rotation speed is relatively fast due to the gradual decrease in the inner diameter of the rotation. As the fluid generates a swirling motion, the pressure distribution in the radial direction is unequal, the pressure near the axis tends to be zero, becomes a low pressure area, and is highest near the inner wall of the swirl core 120. Because of the density difference between the gas, the liquid and the solid, the centrifugal force, the centripetal buoyancy force, the fluid drag force and the like are different, the components with high density in the mixture spirally move at the outermost layer under the action of the rotating flow field, when the centrifugal force is larger than the fluid resistance born by the movement of the particles, the solid particles move towards the side wall of the cyclone by overcoming the resistance, and are separated from the liquid to form an external rotating flow field, and the separated particles (and a part of water) are discharged from the bottom sand outlet 113 under the pushing of the subsequent fluid. The light dispersion of small density moves toward the low pressure region near the axis, gathers near the axis, spirals upward while rotating, forms an internal swirl, and finally exits the outlet pipe 112 through overflow pipe one 124.
In this embodiment, at least two lugs 1110 are fixedly connected to the outside of the cylindrical member 117, and at least two lugs 1110 are uniformly disposed on the outside of the cylindrical member 117 along the axial direction of the cylindrical member 117.
Referring to fig. 2, the sand setting barrel 200 includes a barrel body 210, an upper cavity 211 and a lower cavity 212 are respectively formed in the barrel body 210, wherein the upper cavity 211 is communicated with the sand discharge port 113, and a gravel outlet 213 is communicated with the lower portion of the lower cavity 212.
In this embodiment, the upper cavity 211 is further connected to a vent pipe 214 and a second overflow pipe 215, and the lower cavity 212 is connected to a flushing pipe 216; the overflow pipe two 215 is used for controlling the liquid level in the sand setting tank 200, and the emptying pipe 214, the overflow pipe two 215 and the flushing pipe 216 are used for discharging sand and flushing in the sand setting tank 200.
Example two
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the present embodiment provides a sand removal process based on a high pressure sand remover, which includes the following steps:
the main flow is as follows: after entering the sand remover sledge, the shale gas containing sand firstly carries out pressure and temperature measurement, and then enters the sand remover through a gate valve; separating gas phase and liquid phase in the shale gas containing sand through cyclone separation in the sand remover, enabling the separated gas phase to enter a subsequent link through an air outlet pipeline, and enabling the separated liquid phase to enter a sand setting barrel through a sand discharge port;
the liquid level control flow comprises the following steps: when the liquid in the sand setting barrel is stored to a threshold value, opening a valve body corresponding to the overflow pipeline II, and discharging the liquid in the sand setting barrel to an outlet pipeline of the sand remover through the overflow pipeline II;
sand removal and flushing processes: when sand is required to be discharged, the corresponding valve body of the sand discharge port on the upper part of the sand setting barrel is closed, the corresponding valve body of the emptying pipeline is opened, after the sand setting barrel is completely decompressed, the corresponding valve body of the emptying pipeline is closed, the corresponding valve body of the flushing pipeline is opened, high-pressure water is injected into the sand setting barrel, and gravel is pushed by water flow to be discharged out of the pipeline and enter the special gravel discharging device.
In the above main flow, when the sand discharge port 113 is closed, gravel is temporarily stored in the sand remover 100 through the tapered chamber 114.
Referring to fig. 4, in the embodiment, the whole sand removing process is provided by skid-mounting, and the skid body is provided with a heat insulation structure, so that the whole skid is divided into three layers for convenient operation, and the whole skid has a total size of 3.4mx2.4mx7.2m and a weight of 14 tons.
In the sand discharging process of the sand setting barrel 200, the sand remover 100 works normally, and the whole device realizes the continuous sand removal and intermittent sand discharging functions. When the gas well does not need to remove sand, the inlet and outlet valves in the shale cyclone sand remover 100 are cut off.
With continued reference to fig. 3, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the high-pressure sand remover and the sand removing process based on the high-pressure sand remover, a worker can adaptively adjust the valve body type, the setting position and the on-off state according to actual working requirements, and in the high-pressure sand remover, the worker can select necessary connecting pieces, structural pieces and sealing pieces; meanwhile, in order to meet the requirements of the process, a person can choose to set necessary sensors, controllers and the like.
Example III
The present embodiment provides a design method of the high pressure sand remover based on the second embodiment, and further determines the target included angle formed between the air inlet pipe 111 and the horizontal plane by methods such as numerical calculation, software simulation, etcα27 degrees, thereby further improving the separation effect, having higher separation performance, and being capable of realizing the classification efficiency of 5-10 mu m fine particles to be more than 90 percent and realizing 98 percent removal effect of 10 mu m and more than 10 mu m particles.
Based on the basic principle of the cyclone sand remover, the parameters of the high-pressure sand remover are designed by combining the flow field characteristics of the cyclone sand remover, the main performance indexes (including the treatment capacity, the separation efficiency and the pressure drop) of the cyclone sand remover, the factors (including the structural size influence, the operation parameter influence and the gravel physical property influence), the abrasion and materials (material selection, the inner surface processing quality, the inlet streamline shape) of the cyclone sand remover and the like.
The specific structural parameters of the cyclone core barrel 120 in the high-pressure sand remover are obtained through numerical calculation by combining the above process and the main body design parameters of the shale gas cyclone sand remover, as follows:
with reference to the specific structural parameters, the following numerical simulation is performed on the cyclone core 120 by using the fluid simulation software CFX, and the process is as follows:
s1, a preliminary calculation model is established, a finite volume method is adopted, the preliminary model is established, when unit grids are divided, a method of combining hexahedral grids and tetrahedral grids is adopted, the number of grids is appropriately divided, grid encryption is carried out on the wall surface of the cyclone core barrel 120, the calculation accuracy is further improved on the basis of ensuring the calculation efficiency, the number of the units of the model is 76000, and the grid model of the cyclone core barrel 120 is shown in FIG. 5;
s2, setting initial conditions, including 1) sand characteristics: density of sand 2300 kg/m 3 The maximum particle diameter is 50 microns, the minimum particle diameter is 5 microns, the main particle diameter is 25 microns, the particle diameter distribution is normal distribution, and the number of particles entering the system per second is 10400;
2) Shale gas composition: typical shale gas components are selected and used as shown in the following table:
3) Gas characteristics: the design and use pressure is 35MPag, the shale gas components in the table are combined, and according to the simulation result of HYSYS software, the actual gas density at the inlet of the cyclone sand remover is 46.35kg/m 3 The viscosity was 0.01322cP.
S3, calculating boundary conditions, wherein the boundary conditions are set as follows:
(1) The inlet (air inlet pipe 111) boundary condition is a speed inlet, and the rated throughput corresponds to a flow rate of about 20m/s according to the flow rate estimation, and 15m/s and 25m/s working conditions are calculated simultaneously in order to verify the influence of different flow rates on the separation effect;
(2) The inlet turbulence value is given by the hydraulic diameter and the turbulence intensity for fully developing the turbulence of the pipeline;
(3) Wall boundary conditions: the flow boundary adopts a non-slip wall fixing condition, and a standard wall surface function method is used for simulating the flow near the wall fixing. Considering that most sand grains are fully contacted with the wall surface under the action of centrifugal force, combining the past engineering experience, taking 80% of the grains to be fully contacted (fully coupled) with the inner wall surface of the cyclone core barrel 120, and 20% of the grains are not fully contacted (partially coupled) with the avoidance of the full contact; this arrangement will bring the simulation result closer to the actual conditions.
(4) Selecting a flow full development condition at the boundary of the air outlet pipeline 112;
(5) The boundary condition of the sand discharge port 113 is a pressure outlet;
s4, setting a solver, adopting an upwind interpolation method, and automatically setting the time step and the convergence residual value to be 1 multiplied by 10 -5 。
By the above method and according to different inlet flow rates (15 m/s, 20m/s and 25 m/s), three corresponding flow rate analysis results are obtained, and in addition, here, by inserting the overflow pipeline I124 into the cyclone channel 123 of the cyclone core 120 to a certain depth, a flow dead zone above the wall surface of the air inlet is artificially manufactured, so that on one hand, the upward movement trend of inlet fluid is reduced, and on the other hand, sand particles moving at a low speed above the cyclone core 120 are prevented from being wrapped by shale gas and leaving the sand remover 100.
Due to the target angle of the air inlet pipeline 111αIn the inclined arrangement structure of 27 degrees, after the gas-solid two-phase medium enters the cyclone core barrel 120, the gas-solid two-phase medium moves spirally under the combined action of centrifugal force, gravity and buoyancy. The gas medium reaches a certain position of the cyclone cone 122 to be changed into an internal cyclone state, and flows out along the gas outlet pipeline 112, and because of the great density difference of the gas medium and the solid medium, the dispersed particles with high density are thrown to the inner wall of the cyclone core barrel 120 (hereinafter referred to as the wall), and the sand grains reaching the wall form a spiral shape on the wall to flow downwards along the wall and quickly delaminate under the action of the rotating air flow, and most of the sand grains flow out from the sand discharge port 113.
In addition, the most important failure cause of the cyclone sand remover is severe abrasion and even perforation caused by the high-speed sand grains on the inner wall of the cyclone sand remover under the action of centrifugal force, so that the abrasion area and the abrasion strength are predicted by the calculation. According to the calculation result, the swirl barrel 120 is more severely abraded near the gas inlet, and a wear-resistant layer is added or a material such as cemented carbide is adopted to increase the wear resistance of the important part.
The high-pressure sand remover and the sand removing process thereof provided by the invention can meet the following basic requirements:
1) The separation performance is higher, the classification efficiency of fine particles with the particle size of 5-10 mu m can reach more than 90%, and 98% removal effect of particles with the particle size of 10 mu m and more than 10 mu m can be realized;
2) The device has larger production capacity, certain operation elasticity and better resistance to flow fluctuation;
3) The shale gas sand removal system can realize the functions of separating, cleaning, discharging and the like of gravel into a whole;
4) The equipment has simple structure, convenient disassembly and maintenance, and the key structure has replaceability and capability of continuously working in a severe environment.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured to," "engaged with," "connected to," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A high pressure desander comprising a desander (100) and a sand setting barrel (200) connected to the desander (100), characterized in that:
the sand remover (100) comprises an outer cylinder body (110), wherein a rotational flow core cylinder (120) is arranged in the outer cylinder body (110), and the outer wall of the rotational flow core cylinder (120) is abutted against the inner wall of the outer cylinder body (110); the side wall of the outer cylinder body (110) is obliquely provided with an air inlet pipeline (111), the tail end of the air inlet pipeline (111) extends into the cyclone core tube (120), and the upper part and the lower part of the outer cylinder body (110) are respectively provided with an air outlet pipeline (112) and a sand discharge port (113);
the sand setting barrel (200) comprises a barrel body (210), an upper cavity (211) and a lower cavity (212) are respectively formed in the barrel body (210), the upper cavity (211) is communicated with the sand discharging port (113), and a gravel outlet (213) is communicated with the lower portion of the lower cavity (212).
2. The high-pressure sand remover according to claim 1, characterized in that the cyclone core (120) comprises a cyclone cylinder (121) and a cyclone cone (122) arranged at the lower part of the cyclone cylinder (121), wherein a cyclone channel (123) is formed in the cyclone cylinder (121) and the cyclone cone (122).
3. The high pressure desander of claim 2 wherein the outer cylinder (110) comprises an upper connecting flange (115), square forging (116), cylinder (117), outer cone (118) and lower connecting flange (119) arranged from top to bottom; the tail end of the air inlet pipeline (111) penetrates through the square forging (116) and extends into the cyclone core barrel (120); a support lug (1110) is further arranged outside the cylindrical part (117);
the lower part of the cyclone cone (122) is communicated with a conical cavity (114) inside the outer cone shell (118);
an overflow pipeline I (124) is arranged in the cyclone core barrel (120), and the overflow pipeline I (124) is communicated with the air outlet pipeline (112).
4. A high pressure desander according to claim 3, characterized in that the inlet pipe (111) forms a target angle with the horizontalα，The target included angleα27 deg..
5. The high-pressure sand remover according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper cavity (211) is also communicated with a vent pipe (214) and an overflow pipe two (215); the lower cavity (212) is also communicated with a flushing pipeline (216).
6. The high pressure desander of claim 1 wherein the inner wall of the cyclone core (120) is provided with an aluminum-based wear resistant sulfur resistant ceramic liner.
7. The high pressure desander of claim 1 wherein said swirl core (120) is removably attached within said outer cylinder (110).
8. A sand removal process based on the high pressure sand remover according to any of claims 1-7, characterized by comprising the following procedures:
the main flow is as follows: after entering a desander sledge, the shale gas containing sand firstly carries out pressure and temperature measurement, and then enters the desander (100) through a gate valve; the gas phase and the liquid phase in the gas containing the sand shale are separated through the cyclone separation in the sand remover (100), the separated gas phase enters a subsequent link through the gas outlet pipeline (112), and the separated liquid phase enters the sand setting barrel (200) through the sand discharge port (113);
the liquid level control flow comprises the following steps: when the liquid phase in the sand setting barrel (200) is stored to a threshold value, opening a valve body corresponding to the overflow pipeline II (215), and discharging the liquid in the sand setting barrel (200) to an outlet pipeline of the sand remover through the overflow pipeline II (215);
sand removal and flushing processes: when sand is required to be discharged, the valve body corresponding to the sand discharge port (113) on the upper part of the sand setting barrel (200) is closed, the valve body corresponding to the emptying pipeline (214) is opened, after the sand setting barrel (200) is completely depressurized, the valve body corresponding to the emptying pipeline (214) is closed, the valve body corresponding to the flushing pipeline (216) is opened, high-pressure water is injected into the sand setting barrel (200), and gravel is pushed by water flow to be discharged into a special gravel discharging device.
9. The desanding process of claim 8, wherein in the main flow, gravel is temporarily stored in said desander (100) through said conical cavity (114) when said sand discharge port (113) is closed.
10. The process according to claim 9, wherein the whole process is a skid-mounted process, and the skid body is a heat-insulating structure.
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| CN202311162399.9A CN116892384B (en) | 2023-09-11 | 2023-09-11 | High-pressure sand remover and sand removing process thereof |
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| CN116892384B (en) | 2023-12-12 |
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