CN116877062A - Experimental method for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure water invasion of gas reservoir with interlayer - Google Patents
Experimental method for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure water invasion of gas reservoir with interlayer Download PDFInfo
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- CN116877062A CN116877062A CN202310543531.4A CN202310543531A CN116877062A CN 116877062 A CN116877062 A CN 116877062A CN 202310543531 A CN202310543531 A CN 202310543531A CN 116877062 A CN116877062 A CN 116877062A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005380 natural gas recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010796 Steam-assisted gravity drainage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005311 nuclear magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental method for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure water invasion of a gas reservoir with an interlayer, which comprises the following steps: (1) Obtaining a reservoir rock core, a low-permeability interlayer rock core and a closed interlayer rock core, wherein the permeability is K respectively 1 、K 2 、K 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the (2) preparing an interlayer full-diameter rock core: drilling or turning a low-permeability interlayer core with diameter d along the longitudinal direction at the central positions of the low-permeability interlayer core and the closed interlayer core with diameter d 1 Is a core of (2); at a diameter d and a permeability K 2 Is embedded into the low-permeability interlayer core with the diameter d 1 Permeability of K 3 Is characterized by sealing the interlayer core; (3) Respectively placing the interlayer full-diameter core and the reservoir full-diameter core into a holder A and a holder B, connecting in series, and then placing into an experimental device; (4) After the gas reservoir water invasion experiment is carried out, taking down the full-diameter rock core of the reservoir to carry out nuclear magnetic resonance T 2 Scanning a spectrum; (5) Analyzing high-temperature high-pressure water invasion rule of gas reservoir with interlayerFeatures. The invention can provide theoretical guidance and technical support for improving the natural gas recovery ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of gas reservoir exploitation, and particularly relates to an experimental method for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure water invasion of a gas reservoir with an interlayer.
Background
Most of the gas reservoirs in China belong to water flooding gas reservoirs with different degrees, wherein the active gas reservoirs at the side bottom account for about 40-50%. The water-flooding gas reservoir has huge resource amount and higher exploitation value. However, the water flooding gas reservoir development process is generally affected by water invasion, so that the gas reservoir recovery rate is seriously affected, and particularly, a gas reservoir represented by a Yuan-dam Changxing group gas reservoir is formed, the low-position area of the gas reservoir structure is generally water-containing, but the water body is only limited to a hypertonic zone in a reef beach body and is not communicated with each other, the occurrence relationship of gas and water is complex, the stratum water distribution mode can be divided into a layer-type (main type) with a barrier and a layer-free type according to the occurrence relationship of gas and water, and at present, no related research is carried out on a gas reservoir high-temperature high-pressure water invasion experiment with a barrier.
At present, most indoor gas reservoir water invasion experimental researches are mainly developed aiming at residual gas distribution, water invasion modes, crack development, water body size and the like. According to the invention patent, the method for simulating large water body expansion water invasion in the oil and gas reservoir failure exploitation process (CN 109707376A) achieves the aim of simulating oil and gas reservoir failure displacement with large water body by using a limited-volume intermediate container; the invention patent 'an experimental device and a method for simulating gas reservoir water invasion' (CN 105604545A) can obtain the distribution characteristics of residual gas after the simulated gas reservoir water invasion; the invention relates to a experimental device for simulating the water invasion law of a fracture gas reservoir and a using method thereof (CN 114482991A), which are used for simulating the distribution law of different point location gases and water in a pore medium model through measuring points under the high-temperature and high-pressure condition of a simulated ground layer; the invention patent relates to a gas reservoir water invasion experimental device and method with different fracture distribution modes (CN 108505987A), which can simulate different stratum dip angles, different fracture distribution modes and different side bottom water energy gas reservoir water invasion processes.
Most of the prior researches on the interlayer are focused on the fields of artificial partition plates at air-water interfaces, interlayer identification, interlayer fracturing transformation and the like. The invention relates to a method for quickly densifying an artificial partition board of a gas-water interface of a side bottom water-gas reservoir (CN 112943162B), which comprises the steps of firstly converting the gas-water interface into an oil-water interface, forming a dense polymer water-resisting layer on the oil-water interface, and then forming a more dense polymer water-resisting layer by utilizing a crystallization phenomenon, so that the plugging efficiency is improved; the invention patent 'a method for identifying the interlayer in the biodegradable cause oil reservoir' (CN 109085272A) can effectively identify the interlayer of the biodegradable cause oil reservoir; the invention relates to a method for modifying a middle interlayer fracturing in an SAGD exploitation mode (CN 113006755A), which effectively solves the problems of low oil production speed, low oil-gas ratio and low recovery ratio caused by expansion and rising of a SAGD steam cavity and blockage of crude oil leakage by the middle interlayer.
The invention firstly researches the gas reservoir with the interlayer, and provides an experimental method for simulating the high-temperature high-pressure water invasion of the gas reservoir with the interlayer, which fills the blank of the prior art and provides theoretical guidance and technical support for improving the natural gas recovery ratio.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental method for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure water invasion of a gas reservoir with an interlayer, which is reliable in principle.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
An experimental method for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure water invasion of a gas reservoir with an interlayer comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) Screening representative reservoir intervals, low-permeability reservoir intervals and closed reservoir intervals according to target block logging data to obtain reservoir cores and low-permeability reservoir coresThe permeable interlayer core and the closed interlayer core are full-diameter cores, the height is h, the diameter is d, and the permeability is K respectively 1 、K 2 、K 3 ；
(2) The interlayer full-diameter core is prepared by the following steps:
1) The diameter d is drilled or turned longitudinally at the center of the low permeability interlayer core and the closed interlayer core respectively 1 1/4d of core<d 1 <1/2d；
2) At a diameter d and a permeability K 2 Is embedded into the low-permeability interlayer core with the diameter d 1 Permeability of K 3 Is characterized by sealing the interlayer core;
(3) The method comprises the steps of respectively placing a prepared interlayer full-diameter rock core and a prepared reservoir full-diameter rock core into a holder A and a holder B, connecting the holder A and the holder B in series, placing the holders A and the holder B in a simulated gas reservoir water invasion experimental device, connecting an inlet end of the holder A with a gas intermediate container and a stratum water intermediate container, connecting an outlet end of the holder B with a back pressure valve, and respectively connecting the holders A and the holder B with a surrounding pressure pump; in the holder B, a drainage block is arranged at the inlet end of the full-diameter rock core of the reservoir, drainage grooves and fluid channels are arranged in the drainage block to guide fluid to fully contact the rock core of the reservoir, and the holder A, the holder B, a gas intermediate container and a stratum water intermediate container are positioned in an oven;
(4) And (3) performing a gas reservoir high-temperature high-pressure water invasion experiment with an interlayer, wherein the process is as follows:
1) Configuring stratum water and natural gas of a target block gas reservoir;
2) Vacuumizing an experimental device by using a vacuum pump, injecting water into the two holder cores, injecting gas into the two holder cores until water is not discharged from an outlet end, establishing bound water, taking down the full-diameter core of the reservoir, and performing nuclear magnetic resonance T 2 Scanning a spectrum;
3) Establishing a reservoir temperature by using an oven, and raising the system pressure to the experimental pressure and raising the confining pressure and the back pressure to the proper pressure;
4) Raising the pressure of the stratum water intermediate container to experimental pressure, opening a stratum water intermediate container valve, and realizing water invasion failure by adopting a mode of pump withdrawal and back pressure reductionExperiment, in the failure process, the confining pressure is properly reduced, and after the failure experiment is completed, the full-diameter core of the reservoir is taken down for nuclear magnetic resonance T 2 Scanning a spectrum;
(5) And (3) analyzing and researching a high-temperature high-pressure water invasion rule and a water invasion characteristic of the gas reservoir with the interlayer by combining experimental data.
Further, in the step (2), the interlayer full-diameter core is a low-permeability closed interlayer designed according to the type of an actual stratum interlayer and a stratum water distribution mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The representative real full-diameter core is selected for combination preparation of the interlayer, so that the prepared interlayer core is ensured to be similar to the physical properties of the actual stratum, and the development characteristics of the reservoir are reflected more truly;
(2) The interlayer is connected in series with the reservoir by utilizing two full-diameter core holders, a gas reservoir with the interlayer is simulated, a drainage block is placed at the front end of the core of the reservoir, and the problem of small contact surface between the core of the interlayer and the core of the reservoir is solved by utilizing the drainage groove;
(3) The influence of factors such as different failure speeds, different water body sizes, different permeability of the core and the like on the water invasion characteristics can be considered in the high-temperature and high-pressure water invasion experimental process of the gas reservoir with the interlayer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simulated gas reservoir water invasion experimental apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the drainage device in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a low permeability, closed, barrier full diameter core.
FIG. 4 is a graph of formation pressure versus cumulative recovery for a low permeability, closed cell model water invasion experiment.
FIG. 5 shows a nuclear magnetic resonance T of a low permeability closed barrier model in a water-bound state and a water-immersed state 2 A spectrogram.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. 2, 9-constant pressure pump; 3-a vertical displacement pump; 4-a gas intermediate container; 5-stratum water intermediate container; 6. 7-a clamp holder; 8-N 2 An intermediate container; 10-gas flowA gauge; 11-back pressure valve; 12-conical flask; 13. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18-pressure gauges; 19. 20, 21, 22-three-way valves; 23-interlayer full diameter core; 24-fluid channel; 25-drainage blocks; 26-reservoir full diameter core; 27. 28, 29, 30-valves; 31-drainage grooves; 32-high temperature oven.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples to facilitate an understanding of the invention by those skilled in the art. It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiments, and that various changes may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined and determined by the appended claims.
In the gas reservoir water invasion experimental device (see fig. 1), an interlayer full-diameter core 23 is placed in a left side holder 6, an inlet is connected with a gas intermediate container 4 and a stratum water intermediate container 5, a drainage block 25 and a reservoir full-diameter core 26 are placed in a right side holder 7, an outlet is connected with a back pressure valve 11, constant pressure pumps 1 and 2 are respectively connected with the holders 7 and 6 to provide confining pressure for the holders, and the two holders are placed in a high-temperature high-pressure oven 32 in series through pipelines.
At the beginning of the experiment (see fig. 2), fluid flowed through the spacer full diameter core 23 in the pipeline to the reservoir full diameter core 26, and fluid was in the drainage block 25 through the drainage slots 31 into the fluid channel 24 so that the fluid was in full contact with the reservoir full diameter core 26.
Preparation of low permeation closed barrier layer (fig. 3): at a diameter d and a permeability K 2 Is embedded into the low-permeability interlayer core with the diameter d 1 Permeability of K 3 Is characterized by sealing the interlayer core; high temperature resistant glue is used for adhesion and is baked in an oven for 12 hours.
Examples
The device and the rock core are utilized to simulate a gas reservoir high-temperature high-pressure water invasion experiment with an interlayer, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) According to an experimental scheme, preparing target gas reservoir stratum water and natural gas;
(2) Connecting an experimental device as shown in fig. 1, and vacuumizing the device by using a vacuum pump; taking low permeabilityExperiments are carried out on the closed interlayer model, and specific information is shown in table 1; opening valves 27 and 29, injecting water into holders 6 and 7 at the pressure of 15MPa by using a vertical displacement pump 3 and a stratum water intermediate container 5 at the pressure of 5mL/min, and ending the water injection after water in the conical flask stably flows out; closing valves 27 and 29, opening valves 30 and 28, and injecting gas into holders 6 and 7 at the pressure of 15MPa by using a vertical displacement pump 3 and a gas intermediate container 4 at the pressure of 5mL/min until water is not discharged from an outlet end and gas is stably discharged from a gas flowmeter 10, and completing the establishment of bound water; in the water injection and gas injection process, constant pressure pumps 1 and 2 are used for respectively applying confining pressure of about 5MPa higher than injection pressure of 15MPa to holders 7 and 6, and constant pressure pumps 9 and N are used at the same time 2 The intermediate container 8 applies a back pressure of about 0.2MPa to the back pressure valve 11 which is higher than the injection pressure by 15MPa, the tie water is built up, the reservoir core is removed by depressurization, and nuclear magnetic resonance T is performed 2 Spectrum scanning, namely placing a reservoir rock core into a clamp holder to restore a bound water state after nuclear magnetic scanning is completed;
TABLE 1 Low permeation closed barrier model
(3) Establishing a reservoir temperature of 150 ℃ by using an oven; closing valves 27 and 29, opening valves 30 and 28, and injecting gas into holders 6 and 7 at a speed of 5mL/min by using vertical displacement pump 3 and gas intermediate container 4 to pressurize to formation pressure of 60MPa; in the pressure building process, constant pressure pumps 1 and 2 are used for respectively applying confining pressure of about 5MPa higher than the formation pressure to holders 7 and 6, and constant pressure pumps 9 and N are used at the same time 2 The intermediate vessel 8 applies a back pressure of about 0.2MPa above the formation pressure of 60MPa to the back pressure valve 11;
(4) Raising the pressure of the stratum water intermediate container 5 to 60MPa by utilizing the vertical displacement pump 3, closing valves 28 and 30, opening valve 27, closing valve 29, adopting a mode of withdrawing pump to reduce back pressure, reducing the pressure to 15MPa at a speed of 5MPa/h, properly reducing the confining pressure in the process of failure, withdrawing pump to reduce pressure after the failure is completed, and taking down the reservoir core for nuclear magnetic resonance T 2 Spectral scanning, recording gas production volume, water yield, primary water breakthrough pressure and outlet pressure in the experimental processData, experimental results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 Water intrusion experimental data for low permeability closed barrier model
| Outlet pressure/MPa | Water yield/ml | Air output/ml | Cumulative gas production per ml | Cumulative recovery/% |
| 60 | / | / | / | / |
| 55 | 0 | 1421.2 | 1421.2 | 5.64 |
| 50 | 0 | 2972.3 | 3693.5 | 14.66 |
| 45 | 0 | 3462.5 | 6156 | 24.44 |
| 40 | 0 | 3024.8 | 8980.8 | 35.65 |
| 35 | 0 | 3805.2 | 11786 | 46.78 |
| 30 | 0 | 3107.6 | 14693.6 | 58.33 |
| 25 | 0.5 | 1908.7 | 16602.3 | 65.90 |
| 20 | 1.7 | 1578.2 | 18180.5 | 72.17 |
| 15 | 1.5 | 1689.4 | 19869.9 | 78.87 |
Combining experimental data, preparing a graph (shown in figure 4) of the relation between the cumulative recovery ratio and the formation pressure, and nuclear magnetism T of the bound water state and the water invasion state 2 The spectrogram (as shown in figure 5) is comprehensively analyzed to obtain that the water pressure of the gas reservoir with the low-permeability closed interlayer in the high-temperature and high-pressure water invasion process is lower than 25MPa, the water-free recovery period is longer, the reservoir part with good physical properties after water invasion also has good gas production capacity, the water body in the water invasion process mainly invades along a large pore canal, and the final accumulated recovery rate reaches 78.87% when the core finally fails to the waste pressure.
Claims (2)
1. An experimental method for simulating high-temperature and high-pressure water invasion of a gas reservoir with an interlayer comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) Screening representative reservoir sections, low-permeability intervals and closed intervals according to target block logging data, and obtaining reservoir cores, low-permeability intervals and closed intervals, wherein the reservoir cores, the low-permeability intervals and the closed intervals are all full-diameter cores, the height is h, the diameter is d, and the permeability is K respectively 1 、K 2 、K 3 ；
(2) The interlayer full-diameter core is prepared by the following steps:
1) The diameter d is drilled or turned longitudinally at the center of the low permeability interlayer core and the closed interlayer core respectively 1 1/4d of core< d 1 < 1/2d；
2) At a diameter d and a permeability K 2 Is embedded into the low-permeability interlayer core with the diameter d 1 Permeability of K 3 Is characterized by sealing the interlayer core;
(3) The method comprises the steps of respectively placing a prepared interlayer full-diameter rock core and a prepared reservoir full-diameter rock core into a holder A and a holder B, connecting the holder A and the holder B in series, placing the holders A and the holder B in a simulated gas reservoir water invasion experimental device, connecting an inlet end of the holder A with a gas intermediate container and a stratum water intermediate container, connecting an outlet end of the holder B with a back pressure valve, and respectively connecting the holders A and the holder B with a surrounding pressure pump; in the holder B, a drainage block is arranged at the inlet end of the full-diameter rock core of the reservoir, drainage grooves and fluid channels are arranged in the drainage block to guide fluid to fully contact the rock core of the reservoir, and the holder A, the holder B, a gas intermediate container and a stratum water intermediate container are positioned in an oven;
(4) And (3) performing a gas reservoir high-temperature high-pressure water invasion experiment with an interlayer, wherein the process is as follows:
1) Configuring stratum water and natural gas of a target block gas reservoir;
2) Vacuumizing an experimental device by using a vacuum pump, injecting water into the two holder cores, injecting gas into the two holder cores until water is not discharged from an outlet end, establishing bound water, taking down the full-diameter core of the reservoir, and performing nuclear magnetic resonance T 2 Scanning a spectrum;
3) Establishing a reservoir temperature by using an oven, and raising the system pressure to the experimental pressure and raising the confining pressure and the back pressure to the proper pressure;
4) Raising the pressure of the stratum water intermediate container to experimental pressure, opening a valve of the stratum water intermediate container, adopting a mode of pumping back to reduce back pressure to realize water invasion failure experiment, properly reducing confining pressure in the failure process, and taking down the full-diameter core of the reservoir after the failure experiment is completed to perform nuclear magnetic resonance T 2 Scanning a spectrum;
(5) And (3) analyzing and researching a high-temperature high-pressure water invasion rule and a water invasion characteristic of the gas reservoir with the interlayer by combining experimental data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the full diameter core is a low permeability closed barrier designed according to the type of the actual formation barrier and the formation water distribution pattern.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117272871A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2023-12-22 | 成都英沃信科技有限公司 | Prediction method of gas-water interface in water flooding gas core experiment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117272871A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2023-12-22 | 成都英沃信科技有限公司 | Prediction method of gas-water interface in water flooding gas core experiment |
| CN117272871B (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-04-30 | 成都英沃信科技有限公司 | Prediction method of gas-water interface in water flooding gas core experiment |
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