CN116877034A - Micro-pressure driving implementation method, system and storage medium for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development - Google Patents
Micro-pressure driving implementation method, system and storage medium for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development Download PDFInfo
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 claims description 36
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 claims description 36
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
Abstract
The application discloses a micro-pressure flooding implementation method, a micro-pressure flooding implementation system and a storage medium for low/ultra-low permeability oil reservoir development, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining displacement pressure gradient between oil-water wells; and comparing the displacement pressure gradient with the starting pressure gradient, wherein when the displacement pressure gradient is greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient, triggering a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism, wherein the micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism comprises water injection operation, cooling and seam induction, continuous water injection and precise profile control. The application can promote the formation and development of a stitch-bonding system, effectively avoid the formation of hypertonic channels, improve the swept volume of water and enhance the recovery ratio of crude oil.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of oil reservoir exploitation, in particular to a micro-pressure driving implementation method, a micro-pressure driving implementation system and a storage medium for low/ultra-low permeability oil reservoir development.
Background
The low/ultra-low permeability oil reservoir has compact lithology, large seepage resistance, poor conduction capability, low oil well productivity and poor water absorption of a water well, and an oil field on-site oil-water well is usually 'not injected and not produced'; low oil extraction speed, low extraction degree and large residual reserve. The number of low/ultra low permeability fields is large, and abundant oil and gas resources are stored, and a large number of fields are found in the oil producing countries such as the United states, russia, canadian and the like. The oil geological reserves of the low-permeability oil reservoirs which are ascertained in China are 52.1 hundred million tons, and the utilization degree is 50%. The ratio of this type of reservoir is expected to be still high in reserves ascertained in the future. How to use this part of the resources economically and effectively has become a worldwide problem.
At present, the existing water injection system can only inject water below the factor of 0.8 of the formation fracture pressure, and the contradiction that the oil reservoir cannot establish effective displacement pressure is caused by the fact that the oil reservoir cannot be filled in or not filled out is generally existed on site, so that the current situation that the oil well has low productivity, low oil extraction speed and low extraction degree, and the extraction benefit is poor or the reserve is difficult to use is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a micro-pressure driving implementation method, a micro-pressure driving implementation system and a storage medium for low/ultra-low permeability oil reservoir development, which can promote the formation and development of a fracture network system, effectively avoid the occurrence of hypertonic channels in a stratum, improve the swept volume of water and improve the recovery ratio of crude oil.
The application provides a micro-pressure flooding implementation method for low/ultra-low permeability oil reservoir development, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining displacement pressure gradient between oil-water wells;
comparing the displacement pressure gradient with a start pressure gradient based on the displacement pressure gradient, wherein,
when the displacement pressure gradient is greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient, triggering a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism, wherein the micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism comprises water injection operation, cooling and seam induction, continuous water injection and precise profile control.
In this scheme, acquire the displacement pressure gradient between the oil-water well, specifically include:
acquiring displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters based on a preset scanning device, wherein the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters at least comprise fluid density, fluid speed and height difference;
and calculating based on the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters and the corresponding displacement pressure gradient calculation formula to obtain the displacement pressure gradient.
In this scheme, based on displacement pressure gradient compares with the start pressure gradient, specifically includes:
acquiring a starting pressure gradient calculation parameter, wherein the starting pressure gradient calculation parameter at least comprises fluid viscosity and reservoir permeability;
calculating by using a starting pressure gradient calculation method based on the fluid viscosity and the reservoir permeability in combination with a preset constant coefficient to obtain the starting pressure gradient;
a magnitude comparison is made based on the displacement pressure gradient and the starting pressure gradient to identify a corresponding comparison result, wherein the comparison result includes the displacement pressure gradient being greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient and the displacement pressure gradient being less than the starting pressure gradient.
In this scheme, implement the operation is driven to micro-pressure, specifically includes:
acquiring a micro-fracture pressure value and a corresponding pressure stabilizing range;
when the micro-pressure driving operation is triggered to be implemented, the production water is injected into the oil-water well;
during water injection operation, the injection quantity is changed so that the injection pressure fluctuates within the pressure stabilizing range.
In this scheme, implement the cooling lures seam operation, specifically includes:
acquiring a target chemical agent to be injected;
and injecting the target chemical agent into the oil-water well to change the stress distribution around the natural fracture by using the temperature effect, thereby inducing a large number of micro-fractures.
In this scheme, implement accurate profile control operation specifically includes: after the fact that the oil-water well is identified to form the dominant channel, accurate profile control operation is implemented, the stratum micro-fracture pressure value is improved, and new pressure distribution is formed.
In this scheme, implement the implementation repeated pressure drives water injection operation, specifically includes: after the accurate profile control operation is finished, the micro-fracture pressure value of the original stratum is improved, new pressure distribution is formed, a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism acquires new micro-fracture pressure value and a pressure stabilizing range again, and a new round of water injection operation is implemented.
The second aspect of the present application also provides a micro-pressure flooding implementation system for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory comprises a micro-pressure flooding implementation method program for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development, and the micro-pressure flooding implementation method program for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development realizes the following steps when executed by the processor:
obtaining displacement pressure gradient between oil-water wells;
comparing the displacement pressure gradient with a start pressure gradient based on the displacement pressure gradient, wherein,
when the displacement pressure gradient is greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient, triggering a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism, wherein the micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism comprises water injection operation, cooling and seam induction, continuous water injection and precise profile control.
In this scheme, acquire the displacement pressure gradient between the oil-water well, specifically include:
acquiring displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters based on a preset scanning device, wherein the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters at least comprise fluid density, fluid speed and height difference;
and calculating based on the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters and the corresponding displacement pressure gradient calculation formula to obtain the displacement pressure gradient.
In this scheme, based on displacement pressure gradient compares with the start pressure gradient, specifically includes:
acquiring a starting pressure gradient calculation parameter, wherein the starting pressure gradient calculation parameter at least comprises fluid viscosity and reservoir permeability;
calculating by using a starting pressure gradient calculation method based on the fluid viscosity and the reservoir permeability in combination with a preset constant coefficient to obtain the starting pressure gradient;
a magnitude comparison is made based on the displacement pressure gradient and the starting pressure gradient to identify a corresponding comparison result, wherein the comparison result includes the displacement pressure gradient being greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient and the displacement pressure gradient being less than the starting pressure gradient.
In this scheme, implement the operation is driven to micro-pressure, specifically includes:
acquiring a micro-fracture pressure value and a corresponding pressure stabilizing range;
when the micro-pressure driving operation is triggered to be implemented, the production water is injected into the oil-water well;
during water injection operation, the injection quantity is changed so that the injection pressure jumps in the pressure stabilizing range.
In this scheme, implement the cooling lures seam operation, specifically includes:
acquiring a target chemical agent to be injected;
and injecting the target chemical agent into the oil-water well to change the stress distribution around the natural fracture by using the temperature effect, thereby inducing a large number of micro-fractures.
In this scheme, implement accurate profile control operation specifically includes: after the fact that the oil-water well is identified to form the dominant channel, accurate profile control operation is implemented, the stratum micro-fracture pressure value is improved, and new pressure distribution is formed.
In this scheme, implement the implementation repeated pressure drives water injection operation, specifically includes: after the accurate profile control operation is finished, the micro-fracture pressure value of the original stratum is improved, new pressure distribution is formed, a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism acquires new micro-fracture pressure value and a pressure stabilizing range again, and a new round of water injection operation is implemented.
A third aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium containing therein a micropressure flooding implementation method program for low/very low permeability reservoir development of a machine, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a micropressure flooding implementation method for low/very low permeability reservoir development as described in any one of the above.
The micro-pressure flooding implementation method, the micro-pressure flooding implementation system and the storage medium for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development can promote the formation and the development of a fracture network system, effectively avoid the occurrence of high permeability channels in a stratum, improve the swept volume of water, improve the recovery ratio of crude oil, break through the traditional method of controlling water injection below the fracture pressure, effectively solve the problem of 'injection failure' of a low permeability reservoir, be a major technical innovation in the reservoir field, and promote the effective and efficient development of the reservoir by improving the water injection pressure to the stratum fracture pressure by 0.8-1.2 times of coefficient; in addition, the adopted micro-pressure drive realizes the three-dimensional net with micro-cracks, solves the harsh requirement of water quality of injected water for a long time, greatly reduces the water treatment cost and simultaneously effectively relieves the labor intensity and the labor amount of workers. Stratum energy is effectively supplemented, seepage capacity is improved, and oil well productivity and oil reservoir recovery rate are improved; in addition, new cracks continuously appear in repeated fracturing around the micro-fracture pressure, so that effective water injection is ensured, and residual oil is displaced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of performing micropressure flooding for low/very low permeability reservoir development of the present application;
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a micro-pressure flooding implementation system for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In particular, the core of how the whole low/very low permeability oilfield development process avoids the above-mentioned adverse development conditions is to build an optimal effective displacement pressure system, wherein the micro pressure flooding (MFD) technique is the conventional practice of breaking injection pressure, controlling the injection pressure to be near the micro fracture pressure point for water injection, and simultaneously injecting water through CO 2 The method can promote the formation and development of a fracture network system, effectively avoid the occurrence of hypertonic channels in the stratum, improve the swept volume of water and improve the recovery ratio of crude oil.
The water is injected under the condition of near fracture pressure, the rock stress is increased, a large number of microcracks are easy to form, the expansion of the end parts of the rock cracks is not simple to extend, the microcracks are firstly developed near the end parts of the cracks, and the microcracks are gradually integrated in a critical state and merged with the macrocracks. Rock burst pressure in rock mechanics is actually a macroscopic manifestation of micro-burst aggregation, where the main slit control distribution: the micro-cracks are attached to the main cracks, and the direction and the length of the main cracks determine the distribution of the micro-cracks; the intrinsic mechanism is as follows: other conditions are set, the fracture width is a function of fluid pressure in the fracture and normal stress. The pressure in the seam of the microcrack area far away from the main seam area is limited, and the normal direction of the microcrack is not always the minimum main stress direction. Both determine that microcracks are difficult to evolve into main seams, and that microcracks in areas remote from the main seams are difficult to propagate, spatially characterizing attachment to the main seams. Micro-slit fixed wave: the range of cracks generated in the process of injecting the pressure-driven clean water is larger than that of cracks generated in the process of injecting the gel, so that a guide channel is provided for a matrix with a wider range, and the range of water injection is determined; the intrinsic mechanism is as follows: in the clean water injection process, the friction resistance and the viscous flow resistance of the near-well are smaller than those of the gel, and under the same bottom hole pressure condition, the range of the reservoir reaching the crack tip extension pressure is wide, and the number of generated cracks is large and the range is wide. "micro-slit flow increase, high pressure capacity increase": the size of cracks induced by water injection is in the range of 0-100 mu m, the reservoir space is hardly increased, but the permeability (more than ten times) is greatly improved, the matrix is influenced by high pressure, and the porosity is increased by 2-3 percentage points. The permeability increase amplitude is small before the fracture is generated, and the permeability can only be recovered to be approximately 80% of the initial permeability after the reservoir pressure is depleted and the energy recovery pressure is replenished. After the cracks are generated, the permeability can be greatly increased.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a micro-pressure flooding implementation method of low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the application discloses a micro-pressure flooding implementation method for low/ultra-low permeability oil reservoir development, which comprises the following steps:
s102, obtaining a displacement pressure gradient between oil-water wells;
s104, comparing the displacement pressure gradient with a starting pressure gradient;
and S106, triggering a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism when the displacement pressure gradient is greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient, wherein the micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism comprises water injection operation, cooling and seam induction, continuous water injection and precise profile control.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the flow of the fluid in the low permeability/ultra low permeability reservoir is obviously different from the seepage in the medium and high permeability reservoir, and most obviously, the flow law no longer accords with the classical seepage law-draw law, so that the displacement pressure gradient between the oil wells must be greater than the starting pressure gradient to be established for the low/ultra low permeability reservoir, and therefore, the displacement pressure gradient between the oil wells must be obtained and compared with the corresponding starting pressure gradient, and when the displacement pressure gradient is greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient, a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism is triggered, wherein the micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism comprises water injection operation, cooling induction, continuous water injection and precise profile control, that is, the displacement pressure gradient in the oil wells can be greater than the corresponding starting pressure gradient through the operation modes corresponding to various implementation mechanisms, and the water injection near the micro-cracking pressure point forms a micro-crack network; cooling to induce cracks, injecting liquid CO 2 Adding other agents such as surfactant at proper time; continuously injecting water into the stratum with the microcracks, maintaining the stratum pressure and opening the microcracks, and ensuring effective water injection; performing accurate profile control and plugging on the cracks with the formed hypertonic channels, and improving the micro-fracture pressure value of the stratum to form new pressure distribution; the repeated pressure flooding water injection operation implementation specifically comprises the following steps: after the accurate profile control operation is finished, the micro-fracture pressure value of the original stratum is improved, new pressure distribution is formed, a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism acquires new micro-fracture pressure value and a pressure stabilizing range again, and a new round of water injection operation is implemented. The rock stress is increased under the condition of near fracture pressure, a large number of microcracks are easy to form, and the expansion of the ends of the rock cracks is not simple to extend, but the microcracks are firstly developed near the ends of the cracks, gradually gather in a critical state and merge with the macrocracks, so that the rock fracture pressure in the rock mechanics is actually a macroscopic representation of the microcrack gathering.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the method for obtaining a displacement pressure gradient between oil-water wells specifically includes:
acquiring displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters based on a preset scanning device, wherein the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters at least comprise fluid density, fluid speed and height difference;
and calculating based on the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters and the corresponding displacement pressure gradient calculation formula to obtain the displacement pressure gradient.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the scanning device may be a scanner disposed on the site, and the corresponding displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters including parameters such as the fluid density ρ, the fluid velocity V, and the height difference Δh are obtained based on the scanner, where the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters are calculated based on the combination of the corresponding displacement pressure gradient calculation formulas, and the calculation formulas are as follows:
ΔP＝Δh×ρ/2×(V 2 /2g)；
and further, the displacement pressure gradient can be obtained based on the calculation result, wherein Δp is the displacement pressure gradient, g is the gravitational acceleration, ρ is the fluid density, V is the fluid velocity, and Δh is the height difference.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the comparing the displacement pressure gradient with the start pressure gradient specifically includes:
acquiring a starting pressure gradient calculation parameter, wherein the starting pressure gradient calculation parameter at least comprises fluid viscosity and reservoir permeability;
calculating by using a starting pressure gradient calculation method based on the fluid viscosity and the reservoir permeability in combination with a preset constant coefficient to obtain the starting pressure gradient;
a magnitude comparison is made based on the displacement pressure gradient and the starting pressure gradient to identify a corresponding comparison result, wherein the comparison result includes the displacement pressure gradient being greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient and the displacement pressure gradient being less than the starting pressure gradient.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the starting pressure gradient calculation parameter at least includes a fluid viscosity and a reservoir permeability, and the starting pressure gradient is calculated by using a starting pressure gradient calculation formula based on the fluid viscosity and the reservoir permeability in combination with a preset constant coefficient, where the calculation formula is as follows:
G＝a×(k/μ)；
wherein G is a starting pressure gradient, a is a constant coefficient, k is reservoir permeability, μ is fluid viscosity, and after the starting pressure gradient is calculated, the magnitude of the displacement pressure gradient is compared with that of the starting pressure gradient to identify a corresponding comparison result, wherein the comparison result comprises that the displacement pressure gradient is greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient, and the displacement pressure gradient is smaller than the starting pressure gradient.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the micro-pressure driving operation is implemented, and specifically includes:
acquiring a micro-fracture pressure value and a corresponding pressure stabilizing range;
when the micro-pressure driving operation is triggered to be implemented, the production water is injected into the oil-water well;
during water injection operation, the injection quantity is changed so that the injection pressure fluctuates within the pressure stabilizing range.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, as proved by field fracturing process practice and related indoor research for many years, the micro-cracks generally depend on main cracks, the main crack direction and length determine the distribution of the micro-cracks, and the number of micro-cracks determine the size of the swept volume, and the micro-fracture pressure is generally near the extension pressure, so for the specific implementation of the water injection operation: water is injected near the micro-fracture pressure, and the injection quantity is not limited (except the dynamic requirement of the oil reservoir); the method comprises the steps of forming a three-dimensional seam net in a stratum to the greatest extent, increasing the swept volume of injected water, namely, firstly obtaining a micro-fracture pressure value and a corresponding pressure stabilizing range, so that the injection quantity can be changed when the injection pressure is, for example, when the water is injected, and the injection pressure value is within the pressure stabilizing range without limitation. Specifically, during actual operation, the water injection pressure is increased to 0.8-1.2 times of the stratum fracture pressure, and the pressure limiting is not limited: continuous water injection and large-dose injection are carried out under the condition of ensuring stable pressure; rapidly raise the formation pressure to 0.8-1.2 times the fracture pressure and maintain the formation pressure so that the formation is pressure-dependent to fracture the microcracks without large seepage paths.
According to the embodiment of the application, the cooling and seam induction operation is implemented, and specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a target chemical agent to be injected;
and injecting the target chemical agent into the oil-water well to change the stress distribution around the natural fracture by using the temperature effect, thereby inducing a large number of micro-fractures.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the temperature effect induces a large number of micro-cracks, and a certain amount of chemical agents such as surfactant can be injected according to the crude oil extraction condition to improve the oil displacement efficiency, wherein the target chemical agent to be injected, such as liquid CO, is obtained 2 Liquid CO 2 Can cool formation rock, and the temperature effect changes the stress distribution around natural cracks, thereby inducing a large number of micro cracks, wherein liquid CO is injected 2 The beneficial effects of (a) are as follows: liquid CO 2 After entering the stratum, the mixed phase flooding can be formed, so that the influence of seepage resistance caused by capillary force and a gian effect can be effectively reduced, and the sweep coefficient can be improved; liquid CO 2 After entering the stratum, the volume of the crude oil is expanded, the viscosity of the crude oil is reduced, the oil displacement profile is improved, and the oil displacement efficiency is improved; liquid CO 2 Gasifying after entering the stratum, instantaneously generating high-pressure gas, and forming high-pressure chambers in the stratum by holding pressure, thereby being beneficial to forming a large number of microcracks in the stratum; liquid CO 2 And a large amount of energy can be taken away while gasification, the stratum is cooled, and the formation of micro cracks is also facilitated at low temperature, wherein under the condition of rapid water injection with large liquid amount, natural cracks are opened, and a large number of micro cracks are induced by a temperature effect. Meanwhile, a certain amount of chemical agents such as surfactant can be injected according to the crude oil extraction condition, when the stratum has natural cracks, the natural cracks which are originally closed can be re-opened when the pressure reaches the opening pressure of the natural cracks along with the continuous entering of injected water, and CO is injected 2 The formation rock may be cooled and the temperature effects alter the stress distribution around the natural fracture, thereby inducing a large number of microcracks.
According to an embodiment of the present application, implementing the continuous water injection specifically includes: and continuously injecting water into the stratum with the microcracks so as to maintain the stratum pressure and the microcracks to be opened, thereby ensuring effective water injection.
According to the embodiment of the application, the implementation of the precise profile control specifically comprises the following steps: and performing accurate profile control on the formation cracks forming the dominant channels.
It should be noted that, the micro-pressure flooding implementation mechanism includes water injection operation, cooling induction joint, continuous water injection and precise profile control, in the above embodiment, the water injection operation, cooling induction joint and continuous water injection have been described, in this embodiment, the precise profile control is implemented, specifically, the precise profile control is implemented on a formation fracture with a dominant channel formed, and in particular, when the precise profile control blocking is implemented on a fracture with a dominant channel formed, an online matched process technology with vector, usage and increment as a technical core is used for blocking, where the precise profile control blocking is implemented on the fracture with a dominant channel formed, and the micro-fracture pressure value of the formation is improved; the combination of disperse phase and continuous phase is adopted, firstly, particle plugging agent is used for bridging and temporary plugging in cracks, then gel is used for filling, the original channeling crack is blocked, then the water injection pressure is increased to be higher than the original micro-fracture pressure value, new pressure distribution is formed, a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism is used for re-acquiring the new micro-fracture pressure value and the pressure stabilizing range, and a new round of water injection operation is implemented.
It is worth mentioning that the formation of micro-cracks is not very strict on the quality of water injected, and the quality standard of water injected currently carried out on site is very high, especially the requirements on the solid content and the particle size of suspended matters in water. The water treatment equipment is large in investment and difficult to manage. The micro-pressure driving technology enables the stratum to be opened to form cracks, the water quality requirement on injected water is obviously reduced, and the water treatment cost and the labor intensity of staff are greatly reduced.
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a micro-pressure flooding implementation system for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development of the present application.
As shown in fig. 2, the application discloses a micro-pressure driving implementation system for low/ultra-low permeability oil reservoir development, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory comprises a micro-pressure driving implementation method program for low/ultra-low permeability oil reservoir development, and the micro-pressure driving implementation method program for low/ultra-low permeability oil reservoir development realizes the following steps when being executed by the processor:
obtaining displacement pressure gradient between oil-water wells;
comparing the displacement pressure gradient with a start pressure gradient based on the displacement pressure gradient, wherein,
when the displacement pressure gradient is greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient, triggering a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism, wherein the micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism comprises water injection operation, cooling and seam induction, continuous water injection and precise profile control.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the flow of the fluid in the low permeability/ultra low permeability reservoir is obviously different from the seepage in the medium and high permeability reservoir, and most obviously, the flow law no longer accords with the classical seepage law-draw law, so that the displacement pressure gradient between the oil wells must be greater than the starting pressure gradient to be established for the low/ultra low permeability reservoir, and therefore, the displacement pressure gradient between the oil wells must be obtained and compared with the corresponding starting pressure gradient, and when the displacement pressure gradient is greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient, a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism is triggered, wherein the micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism comprises water injection operation, cooling induction, continuous water injection and precise profile control, that is, the displacement pressure gradient in the oil wells can be greater than the corresponding starting pressure gradient through the operation modes corresponding to various implementation mechanisms, and the water injection near the micro-cracking pressure point forms a micro-crack network; cooling to induce cracks, injecting liquid CO 2 Adding other agents such as surfactants in real time; continuously injecting water into the stratum with the microcracks, maintaining the stratum pressure and opening the microcracks, and ensuring effective water injection; performing accurate profile control and plugging on the cracks with the formed hypertonic channels, and improving the micro-fracture pressure value of the stratum to form new pressure distribution; the repeated pressure flooding water injection operation implementation specifically comprises the following steps: after the accurate profile control operation is finished, the micro-fracture pressure value of the original stratum is improved, new pressure distribution is formed, a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism acquires new micro-fracture pressure value and a pressure stabilizing range again, and a new round of water injection operation is implemented. Wherein water is injected under the condition of near fracture pressure, the stress of the rock is increased, and a large number of microcracks are easily formed on the rockThe propagation of the crack ends is not a simple extension, but rather the micro-cracks develop first near the crack ends, gradually coalesce in a critical state, merge with the macro-cracks, and the rock breaking pressure in the rock mechanics is actually a macroscopic manifestation of the micro-crack coalescence.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the method for obtaining a displacement pressure gradient between oil-water wells specifically includes:
acquiring displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters based on a preset scanning device, wherein the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters at least comprise fluid density, fluid speed and height difference;
and calculating based on the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters and the corresponding displacement pressure gradient calculation formula to obtain the displacement pressure gradient.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the scanning device may be a scanner disposed on the site, and the corresponding displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters including parameters such as the fluid density ρ, the fluid velocity V, and the height difference Δh are obtained based on the scanner, where the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters are calculated based on the combination of the corresponding displacement pressure gradient calculation formulas, and the calculation formulas are as follows:
ΔP＝Δh×ρ/2×(V 2 /2g)；
and further, the displacement pressure gradient can be obtained based on the calculation result, wherein Δp is the displacement pressure gradient, g is the gravitational acceleration, ρ is the fluid density, V is the fluid velocity, and Δh is the height difference.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the comparing the displacement pressure gradient with the start pressure gradient specifically includes:
acquiring a starting pressure gradient calculation parameter, wherein the starting pressure gradient calculation parameter at least comprises fluid viscosity and reservoir permeability;
calculating by using a starting pressure gradient calculation method based on the fluid viscosity and the reservoir permeability in combination with a preset constant coefficient to obtain the starting pressure gradient;
a magnitude comparison is made based on the displacement pressure gradient and the starting pressure gradient to identify a corresponding comparison result, wherein the comparison result includes the displacement pressure gradient being greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient and the displacement pressure gradient being less than the starting pressure gradient.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the starting pressure gradient calculation parameter at least includes a fluid viscosity and a reservoir permeability, and the starting pressure gradient is calculated by using a starting pressure gradient calculation formula based on the fluid viscosity and the reservoir permeability in combination with a preset constant coefficient, where the calculation formula is as follows:
G＝a×(k/μ)；
wherein G is a starting pressure gradient, a is a constant coefficient, k is reservoir permeability, μ is fluid viscosity, and after the starting pressure gradient is calculated, the magnitude of the displacement pressure gradient is compared with that of the starting pressure gradient to identify a corresponding comparison result, wherein the comparison result comprises that the displacement pressure gradient is greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient, and the displacement pressure gradient is smaller than the starting pressure gradient.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the micro-pressure driving operation is implemented, and specifically includes:
acquiring a micro-fracture pressure value and a corresponding pressure stabilizing range;
when the micro-pressure driving operation is triggered to be implemented, the production water is injected into the oil-water well;
during water injection operation, the injection quantity is changed so that the injection pressure fluctuates within the pressure stabilizing range.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, as proved by field fracturing process practice and related indoor research for many years, the micro-cracks generally depend on main cracks, the main crack direction and length determine the distribution of the micro-cracks, and the number of micro-cracks determine the size of the swept volume, and the micro-fracture pressure is generally near the extension pressure, so for the specific implementation of the water injection operation: water is injected near the micro-fracture pressure, and the injection quantity is not limited (except the dynamic requirement of the oil reservoir); the method comprises the steps of forming a three-dimensional slit net under the micro-cracks to the greatest extent to increase the swept volume, namely firstly obtaining the micro-crack pressure value and the corresponding pressure stabilizing range, so that the injection quantity can be changed when the injection pressure is injected, for example, when water is injected, and the injection pressure is not limited, provided that the injection pressure is within the pressure stabilizing range. Specifically, during actual operation, the water injection pressure is increased to 0.8-1.2 times of the stratum fracture pressure, and the pressure limiting is not limited: continuous water injection and large-dose injection are carried out under the condition of ensuring stable pressure; rapidly raise the formation pressure to 0.8-1.2 times the fracture pressure and maintain the formation pressure so that the formation is pressure-dependent to fracture the microcracks without large seepage paths.
According to the embodiment of the application, the cooling and seam induction operation is implemented, and specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a target chemical agent to be injected;
and injecting the target chemical agent into the oil-water well to change the stress distribution around the natural fracture by using the temperature effect, thereby inducing a large number of micro-fractures.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the temperature effect induces a large number of micro-cracks, and a certain amount of chemical agents such as surfactant can be injected according to the crude oil extraction condition to improve the oil displacement efficiency, wherein the target chemical agent to be injected, such as liquid CO, is obtained 2 Liquid CO 2 Can cool formation rock, and the temperature effect changes the stress distribution around natural cracks, thereby inducing a large number of micro cracks, wherein liquid CO is injected 2 The beneficial effects of (a) are as follows: liquid CO 2 After entering the stratum, the mixed phase flooding can be formed, so that the influence of seepage resistance caused by capillary force and a gian effect can be effectively reduced, and the sweep coefficient can be improved; liquid CO 2 After entering the stratum, the volume of the crude oil is expanded, the viscosity of the crude oil is reduced, the oil displacement profile is improved, and the oil displacement efficiency is improved; liquid CO 2 Gasifying after entering the stratum, instantaneously generating high-pressure gas, and forming high-pressure chambers in the stratum by holding pressure, thereby being beneficial to forming a large number of microcracks in the stratum; liquid CO 2 And a large amount of energy can be taken away while gasification, the stratum is cooled, and the formation of micro cracks is also facilitated at low temperature, wherein under the condition of rapid water injection with large liquid amount, natural cracks are opened, and a large number of micro cracks are induced by a temperature effect. At the same timeCan inject a certain amount of chemical agents such as surfactant according to crude oil extraction condition, when natural cracks exist in stratum, the natural cracks which are originally closed can be re-opened when the pressure reaches the opening pressure of the natural cracks along with the continuous entering of injected water, and liquid CO is injected 2 The formation rock may be cooled and the temperature effects alter the stress distribution around the natural fracture, thereby inducing a large number of microcracks.
According to an embodiment of the present application, implementing the continuous water injection specifically includes: and continuously injecting water into the stratum with the micro-cracks so as to maintain the stratum pressure and the crack opening, and ensuring effective water injection.
According to the embodiment of the application, the implementation of the precise profile control specifically comprises the following steps: and performing accurate profile control on the formation cracks forming the dominant channels.
It should be noted that, the micro-pressure flooding implementation mechanism includes water injection operation, cooling induction joint, continuous water injection and precise profile control, in the above embodiment, the water injection operation, cooling induction joint and continuous water injection have been described, in this embodiment, the precise profile control is implemented, specifically, the precise profile control is implemented on a formation fracture with a dominant channel formed, and in particular, when the precise profile control blocking is implemented on a fracture with a dominant channel formed, an online matched process technology with vector, usage and increment as a technical core is used for blocking, where the precise profile control blocking is implemented on the fracture with a dominant channel formed, and the micro-fracture pressure value of the formation is improved; the combination of disperse phase and continuous phase is adopted, firstly, particle plugging agent is used for bridging and temporary plugging in cracks, then gel is used for filling, the original channeling crack is blocked, then the water injection pressure is increased to be higher than the original micro-fracture pressure value, new pressure distribution is formed, a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism is used for re-acquiring the new micro-fracture pressure value and the pressure stabilizing range, and a new round of water injection operation is implemented.
It is worth mentioning that the formation of micro-cracks is not very strict on the quality of water injected, and the quality standard of water injected currently carried out on site is very high, especially the requirements on the solid content and the particle size of suspended matters in water. The water treatment equipment is large in investment and difficult to manage. The micro-pressure driving technology enables the stratum to be opened to form cracks, the water quality requirement on injected water is obviously reduced, and the water treatment cost and the labor intensity of staff are greatly reduced.
A third aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a micro-pressure flooding implementation method program for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development is included, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a micro-pressure flooding implementation method for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development as described in any one of the above.
The micro-pressure flooding implementation method, the micro-pressure flooding implementation system and the storage medium for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development can promote the formation and the development of a fracture network system, effectively avoid the occurrence of high permeability channels in a stratum, improve the swept volume of water, improve the recovery ratio of crude oil, break through the traditional method of controlling water injection below the fracture pressure, effectively solve the problem of 'injection failure' of a low permeability reservoir, be a major technical innovation in the reservoir field, and promote the effective and efficient development of the reservoir by improving the water injection pressure to the stratum fracture pressure by 0.8-1.2 times of coefficient; in addition, the adopted micro-pressure drive realizes the three-dimensional net with micro-cracks, solves the harsh requirement of water quality of injected water for a long time, greatly reduces the water treatment cost and simultaneously effectively relieves the labor intensity and the labor amount of workers. Stratum energy is effectively supplemented, seepage capacity is improved, and oil well productivity and oil reservoir recovery rate are improved; in addition, new cracks continuously appear in repeated fracturing around the micro-fracture pressure, so that effective water injection is ensured, and residual oil is displaced.
In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above described device embodiments are only illustrative, e.g. the division of the units is only one logical function division, and there may be other divisions in practice, such as: multiple units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. In addition, the various components shown or discussed may be coupled or directly coupled or communicatively coupled to each other via some interface, whether indirectly coupled or communicatively coupled to devices or units, whether electrically, mechanically, or otherwise.
The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units; can be located in one place or distributed to a plurality of network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit; the integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in hardware plus software functional units.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, and the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the program, when executed, performs steps including the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: a mobile storage device, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like, which can store program codes.
Alternatively, the above-described integrated units of the present application may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as separate products. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be embodied in essence or a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a removable storage device, ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disk, or other medium capable of storing program code.
Claims (10)
1. The micro-pressure flooding implementation method for low/ultra-low permeability oil reservoir development is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
obtaining displacement pressure gradient between oil-water wells;
comparing the displacement pressure gradient with a start pressure gradient based on the displacement pressure gradient, wherein,
when the displacement pressure gradient is greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient, triggering a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism, wherein the micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism comprises water injection operation, cooling and seam induction, continuous water injection and precise profile control.
2. The method for performing micro-pressure flooding for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the displacement pressure gradient between the oil-water wells comprises the following steps:
acquiring displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters based on a preset scanning device, wherein the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters at least comprise fluid density, fluid speed and height difference;
and calculating based on the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters and the corresponding displacement pressure gradient calculation formula to obtain the displacement pressure gradient.
3. A micro-pressure flooding implementation method for low/ultra low permeability reservoir development according to claim 2, wherein said comparing based on said displacement pressure gradient with a start pressure gradient, in particular comprises:
acquiring a starting pressure gradient calculation parameter, wherein the starting pressure gradient calculation parameter at least comprises fluid viscosity and reservoir permeability;
calculating by using a starting pressure gradient calculation method based on the fluid viscosity and the reservoir permeability in combination with a preset constant coefficient to obtain the starting pressure gradient;
a magnitude comparison is made based on the displacement pressure gradient and the starting pressure gradient to identify a corresponding comparison result, wherein the comparison result includes the displacement pressure gradient being greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient and the displacement pressure gradient being less than the starting pressure gradient.
4. A micro-fracturing implementation method for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development according to claim 3, wherein the implementation of the micro-fracturing operation specifically comprises:
acquiring a micro-fracture pressure value and a corresponding pressure stabilizing range;
when the micro-pressure driving operation is triggered to be implemented, the production water is injected into the oil-water well;
during water injection operation, the injection quantity is changed so that the injection pressure fluctuates within the pressure stabilizing range.
5. The micro-pressure flooding implementation method for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development according to claim 1, wherein the cooling and seam induction operation is implemented, specifically comprising:
acquiring a target chemical agent to be injected;
and injecting the target chemical agent into the oil-water well to change the stress distribution around the natural fracture by using the temperature effect, thereby inducing a large number of micro-fractures.
6. The method for implementing micro-pressure flooding for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development according to claim 1, wherein implementing the continuous water injection comprises: water is continuously injected into the formation with micro-cracks so as to maintain the open of the formation fracture network.
7. The micro-pressure driving implementation system for low/ultra-low permeability oil deposit development is characterized by comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory comprises a micro-pressure driving implementation method program for low/ultra-low permeability oil deposit development, and the micro-pressure driving implementation method program for low/ultra-low permeability oil deposit development realizes the following steps when being executed by the processor:
obtaining displacement pressure gradient between oil-water wells;
comparing the displacement pressure gradient with a start pressure gradient based on the displacement pressure gradient, wherein,
when the displacement pressure gradient is greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient, triggering a micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism, wherein the micro-pressure driving implementation mechanism comprises water injection operation, cooling and seam induction, continuous water injection and precise profile control.
8. The micro-pressure flooding implementation system for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development according to claim 7, wherein the obtaining the displacement pressure gradient between the oil-water wells specifically comprises:
acquiring displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters based on a preset scanning device, wherein the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters at least comprise fluid density, fluid speed and height difference;
and calculating based on the displacement pressure gradient calculation parameters and the corresponding displacement pressure gradient calculation formula to obtain the displacement pressure gradient.
9. The micro-pressure flooding implementation system for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development according to claim 8, wherein said comparing based on said displacement pressure gradient with a starting pressure gradient, in particular comprises:
acquiring a starting pressure gradient calculation parameter, wherein the starting pressure gradient calculation parameter at least comprises fluid viscosity and reservoir permeability;
calculating by using a starting pressure gradient calculation method based on the fluid viscosity and the reservoir permeability in combination with a preset constant coefficient to obtain the starting pressure gradient;
a magnitude comparison is made based on the displacement pressure gradient and the starting pressure gradient to identify a corresponding comparison result, wherein the comparison result includes the displacement pressure gradient being greater than or equal to the starting pressure gradient and the displacement pressure gradient being less than the starting pressure gradient.
10. A computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium includes a micro-pressure flooding implementation method program for low/ultra low permeability reservoir development, and when the micro-pressure flooding implementation method program for low/ultra low permeability reservoir development is executed by a processor, the steps of the micro-pressure flooding implementation method for low/ultra low permeability reservoir development are implemented.
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