CN111594121A - Carbon dioxide energy-increasing variable-displacement mixed injection fracturing method - Google Patents
Carbon dioxide energy-increasing variable-displacement mixed injection fracturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111594121A CN111594121A CN202010302049.8A CN202010302049A CN111594121A CN 111594121 A CN111594121 A CN 111594121A CN 202010302049 A CN202010302049 A CN 202010302049A CN 111594121 A CN111594121 A CN 111594121A
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012772 sequence design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
A carbon dioxide energization variable-displacement mixed injection fracturing method comprises the steps of determining fracturing parameters, wherein the fracturing parameters comprise proppant adding amount, construction displacement, average sand ratio and pad fluid ratio; determining the addition of carbon dioxide according to the gas-containing area of a single well, reservoir geology and engineering parameters; maintaining the total discharge capacity of the design construction unchanged, injecting liquid carbon dioxide according to the addition of the carbon dioxide, and injecting fracturing fluid according to fracturing parameters; and finally, performing fracturing construction. The invention combines the advantages of gas energizing fracturing and water-based fracturing fluid, improves the length of the fracture and the sand adding scale, simultaneously reduces the damage of the fracturing fluid to the reservoir and accelerates the flowback of the fracturing fluid compared with the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a carbon dioxide energizing variable-displacement mixed injection fracturing method.
Background
Unconventional reservoirs are generally poor in physical properties and therefore require reservoir modification techniques to improve the seepage conditions for efficient production. The most common reservoir reconstruction technique at home and abroad is the hydraulic fracturing technique, i.e. the reservoir is reconstructed by water-based fracturing fluid. However, the water-based fracturing fluid system has the defects of great waste of water resources, clay expansion, damage to a reservoir by fracturing fluid residues and incomplete flowback to cause underground water pollution.
Compared with the pure water-based fracturing fluid, the carbon dioxide energized fracturing has the following main advantages: on one hand, the liquid carbon dioxide is gasified and expanded under the condition of stratum temperature, so that the stratum is energized, and the rapid flowback of the fracturing fluid entering the stratum is accelerated; on the other hand, carbon dioxide has no residue and has little harm to a reservoir.
Compared with carbon dioxide dry sand fracturing, the carbon dioxide energizing fracturing has the advantages of larger fracture length and width, larger construction discharge capacity and sand adding scale and more sufficient reconstruction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects that the conventional water-based fracturing fluid causes water lock damage to a reservoir and the carbon dioxide dry sand fracturing modification parameters are limited and the length of a crack is short, provides the carbon dioxide energizing variable-displacement mixed injection fracturing method, integrates the advantages of gas energizing fracturing, supplements stratum energy and improves the flowback effect of the fracturing fluid.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a carbon dioxide energizing variable-displacement mixed injection fracturing method comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining fracturing parameters, wherein the fracturing parameters comprise proppant adding amount, construction discharge capacity, average sand ratio and pad fluid ratio;
step 2, determining the addition of carbon dioxide according to the gas containing area of a single well, reservoir geology and engineering parameters;
step 3, keeping the total discharge capacity of the design construction unchanged, injecting liquid carbon dioxide according to the addition of the carbon dioxide determined in the step 2, and injecting fracturing fluid according to the fracturing parameters determined in the step 1;
and 4, performing fracturing construction.
In a further development of the invention, in step 2, the carbon dioxide addition V is calculated by the following method:
wherein, G: single well geological reserves; psi: fracturing fluid waves and coefficients; and n is the formation pressurization coefficient.
The invention has the further improvement that the formation supercharging coefficient n is 20-30%.
A further improvement of the invention is that the single well geological reserve G is determined by the following procedure:
wherein, A: gas bearing area; pi: a virgin formation pressure; h: an average effective thickness; swi: the original water saturation; t: the temperature of the gas layer; t issc: the ground temperature; zi: a gas deviation coefficient; psc: ground pressure; phi is the average porosity.
The invention has the further improvement that in the step 3, the discharge capacity of the liquid carbon dioxide is changed from high to low, and the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid is changed from low to high.
The further improvement of the invention is that in step 4, when the single-layer packer is sealed and the oil pipe is injected for fracturing, the concrete process of fracturing construction is as follows:
(1) at 0.3-0.5m3Displacement per min low displacementThe fracturing fluid is pumped to the initial displacement of the fracturing fluid pad to seal the packer;
(2) pre-liquid construction: the construction discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid is 2.0m3The min starts to be gradually increased, the discharge capacity of the liquid carbon dioxide is gradually reduced from large to small, and the total discharge capacity of the carbon dioxide and the fracturing fluid is kept unchanged;
(3) sand adding construction: carrying out sand adding construction according to the designed variable displacement; the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid is gradually increased from the discharge capacity of the last stage of the pad fluid, the discharge capacity of the liquid carbon dioxide is gradually reduced to 0 from the discharge capacity of the last stage of the pad fluid, and the total discharge capacity of the carbon dioxide and the fracturing fluid is kept unchanged;
(4) and (3) displacement construction: less than 0.2m for sand adding construction3Displacement volume of/min replaces fracturing fluid, and the fluid volume is the fluid volume in the oil pipe.
The invention has the further improvement that in the step (3), the first half stage of the sand adding stage adopts 40-70 mesh low-density proppant, the second half stage adopts 20-40 mesh medium-density proppant, and the sand adding ratio is gradually improved from small to large.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention combines the advantages of gas energizing fracturing and water-based fracturing fluid, and compared with the water-based fracturing fluid technology, the invention has the advantages of improving the stratum energy, reducing the damage of the fracturing fluid to a reservoir, accelerating the flowback of the fracturing fluid and the like; compared with gas energizing fracturing, the fracturing fluid has good fracture forming effect, and the fracture length and sand adding scale are improved; the technology has a good application prospect, and overcomes the defects that the conventional water-based fracturing fluid causes water lock damage to a reservoir and the carbon dioxide dry sand-adding fracturing transformation parameters are limited and the fracture length is short.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.
The invention comprises the following steps:
step 1, synthesizing single well engineering and geological parameters, and simulating and optimizing fracturing parameters by combining software, wherein the fracturing parameters comprise proppant addition, construction discharge capacity, average sand ratio and pad fluid ratio;
and 2, determining the addition of carbon dioxide according to the gas containing area of the single well, reservoir geology and engineering parameters.
The carbon dioxide injection amount calculation method comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the single-well geological reserve G:
and step two, when the formation pressure coefficient is increased to 20% -30%, calculating the required carbon dioxide addition V:
in the formula, A: gas containing area, m2；
Pi: original formation pressure, MPa;
h: average effective thickness, m;
Swi: the original water saturation;
t: gas layer temperature, K;
Tsc: ground temperature, K;
Zi: a gas deviation coefficient;
Psc: ground pressure, MPa;
psi: fracturing fluid waves and coefficients.
Phi is the average porosity;
and n is the formation pressurization coefficient and takes a value of 20-30%.
Step 3, designing a construction pumping program: the total discharge capacity of the design construction is maintained unchanged, and simultaneously liquid carbon dioxide and fracturing fluid are injected, wherein the discharge capacity of the carbon dioxide is changed from high to low, and the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid is changed from low to high.
And 4, performing fracturing construction according to a design construction pumping sequence, taking single-layer packer packing and oil pipe injection fracturing as examples:
(1) at 0.3-0.5m3Displacing the fracturing fluid at a displacement of/min, and lifting the displacement to the initial displacement of a fracturing fluid pad so as to seal the packer;
(2) pre-liquid construction:the construction discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid is 2.0m3Starting at min, gradually reducing the discharge capacity of the liquid carbon dioxide from large to small, and keeping the total discharge capacity of the carbon dioxide and the fracturing fluid unchanged;
(3) sand adding construction: carrying out sand adding construction according to the designed variable displacement, starting the displacement of the fracturing fluid from the last stage of the pad fluid to gradually increase, starting the displacement of the liquid carbon dioxide from the last stage of the pad fluid to gradually decrease to 0, and keeping the total displacement of the carbon dioxide and the fracturing fluid unchanged;
the first half of the sand adding stage adopts 40-70 mesh low-density proppant, the second half of the sand adding stage adopts 20-40 mesh medium-density proppant, and the sand adding ratio is gradually increased from small to large;
(4) and (3) displacement construction: less than 0.2m for sand adding construction3Displacement volume of/min replaces fracturing fluid, and the fluid volume is the fluid volume in the oil pipe.
The fracturing fluid is a low-viscosity and low-damage water-based fracturing fluid system.
The carbon dioxide is pure liquid carbon dioxide.
The proppant is medium-density or low-density ceramsite or medium-density or low-density quartz sand proppant.
Example 1
Taking a certain well as an example, the gas containing area A of a single well of the well is 240000m2The effective thickness h of the gas layer is 6.2m, the average porosity phi is 6.82%, and the original water saturation Swi40% of original formation pressure Pi22.6MPa and the gas layer temperature T is 363K; ground temperature TscIs 293K; coefficient of gas deviation ZiIs 0.93; ground pressure PscIs 0.101 MPa; the fracturing fluid wave and coefficient psi is 1/30.
The invention relates to a carbon dioxide variable-displacement energizing mixed injection fracturing method for fracturing construction, which comprises the following specific implementation steps of:
step 1, synthesizing single well engineering and geological parameters, simulating and optimizing fracturing parameters by combining software, and designing the proppant adding amount to be 30m3Construction displacement of 4.5m3Min, the average sand ratio is 18 percent, and the pre-liquid ratio is 50 percent;
step 2, determining the addition of carbon dioxide according to the gas containing area of a single well, reservoir geology and engineering parameters;
the carbon dioxide injection amount calculation method comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating the single-well geological reserve:
and secondly, when the formation pressure is increased to 20% -30%, calculating the required carbon dioxide addition:
step 3, designing a construction pumping program: the carbon dioxide addition was calculated to be 228.7m as the formation pressure increased by 30%3Maintaining the total construction discharge capacity to be 4.5m3The/min is unchanged, liquid carbon dioxide and fracturing fluid are injected simultaneously, and the discharge capacity of the carbon dioxide is controlled to be 2.5m3The min is reduced to 0, and the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid is increased from 2.0 to 4.5m3/min。
The specific construction pump sequence design is as follows in table 1:
TABLE 1 construction Pump sequence
And 4, performing fracturing construction according to a design construction pumping sequence, taking single-layer packer packing and oil pipe injection fracturing as examples:
(1) at 0.3-0.5m3The displacement of the fracturing fluid is low, and the displacement is increased to 2.0m of the initial displacement of the fracturing fluid pad3Min, setting the packer;
(2) pre-liquid construction: the construction discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid is 2.0m3Starting at min, the discharge of liquid carbon dioxide is 2.5m3The/min is gradually reduced to 0, and the total discharge of carbon dioxide and fracturing fluid is maintained to be 4.5m3The/min is unchanged;
(3) sand adding construction: carrying out sand adding construction according to the designed variable displacement, wherein the first 3 sand adding stages of the sand adding stage adopt 40-70-mesh low-density ceramsite, the last 3 sand adding stages adopt 20-40-mesh medium-density ceramsite, and the sand adding sand ratio is gradually increased from 9.2% to 23.7%;
(4) and (3) displacement construction: less than 0.2m for sand adding construction3Permin discharge capacity of 4.3m3The fracturing fluid is displaced for 10m in liquid quantity in min3。
The technology and construction process not described in detail in this embodiment belong to the known technology or common means in the industry, and are not described one by one here.
The method integrates single well engineering and geological parameters, and optimizes fracturing parameters including proppant addition, construction discharge capacity, average sand ratio and pad fluid ratio by combining software simulation; determining the addition of carbon dioxide according to the gas-containing area of a single well, reservoir geology and engineering parameters; designing a construction pump sequence, keeping the total discharge capacity of the design construction unchanged, and simultaneously injecting liquid carbon dioxide and fracturing fluid, wherein the discharge capacity of the carbon dioxide is changed from high to low, and the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid is changed from low to high; and performing fracturing construction according to the designed construction pump sequence. The invention combines the advantages of gas energizing fracturing and water-based fracturing fluid, improves the length of the fracture and the sand adding scale, simultaneously reduces the damage of the fracturing fluid to the reservoir, accelerates the flowback of the fracturing fluid, overcomes the defects of water lock damage of the conventional water-based fracturing fluid to the reservoir, limited parameters of carbon dioxide dry sand adding fracturing modification and short fracture length, synthesizes the advantages of gas energizing fracturing, supplements the formation energy and also improves the flowback effect of the fracturing fluid.
Claims (7)
1. A carbon dioxide energizing variable-displacement mixed injection fracturing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining fracturing parameters, wherein the fracturing parameters comprise proppant adding amount, construction discharge capacity, average sand ratio and pad fluid ratio;
step 2, determining the addition of carbon dioxide according to the gas containing area of a single well, reservoir geology and engineering parameters;
step 3, keeping the total discharge capacity of the design construction unchanged, injecting liquid carbon dioxide according to the addition of the carbon dioxide determined in the step 2, and injecting fracturing fluid according to the fracturing parameters determined in the step 1;
and 4, performing fracturing construction.
2. The carbon dioxide-energized variable-displacement co-injection fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the carbon dioxide addition V is calculated by the following method:
wherein, G: single well geological reserves; psi: fracturing fluid waves and coefficients; and n is the formation pressurization coefficient.
3. The carbon dioxide-energized variable-displacement co-injection fracturing method of claim 2, wherein the formation pressurization coefficient n is 20-30%.
4. The carbon dioxide-enhanced variable displacement co-injection fracturing method of claim 2, wherein the single well geological reserve G is determined by the following process:
wherein, A: gas bearing area; pi: a virgin formation pressure; h: an average effective thickness; swi: the original water saturation; t: the temperature of the gas layer; t issc: the ground temperature; zi: a gas deviation coefficient; psc: ground pressure; phi is the average porosity.
5. The carbon dioxide-energized variable-displacement co-injection fracturing method of claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the displacement of the liquid carbon dioxide is changed from high to low, and the displacement of the fracturing fluid is changed from low to high.
6. The carbon dioxide-energized variable-displacement co-injection fracturing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 4, when the single-layer packer is sealed and the oil pipe is injected for fracturing, the concrete process of fracturing construction is as follows:
(1) at 0.3-0.5m3Displacing the fracturing fluid at a displacement of/min, and lifting the displacement to the initial displacement of a fracturing fluid pad so as to seal the packer;
(2) pre-liquid construction: the construction discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid is 2.0m3The min starts to be gradually increased, the discharge capacity of the liquid carbon dioxide is gradually reduced from large to small, and the total discharge capacity of the carbon dioxide and the fracturing fluid is kept unchanged;
(3) sand adding construction: carrying out sand adding construction according to the designed variable displacement; the discharge capacity of the fracturing fluid is gradually increased from the discharge capacity of the last stage of the pad fluid, the discharge capacity of the liquid carbon dioxide is gradually reduced to 0 from the discharge capacity of the last stage of the pad fluid, and the total discharge capacity of the carbon dioxide and the fracturing fluid is kept unchanged;
(4) and (3) displacement construction: less than 0.2m for sand adding construction3Displacement volume of/min replaces fracturing fluid, and the fluid volume is the fluid volume in the oil pipe.
7. The carbon dioxide-energized variable-displacement co-injection fracturing method as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (3), 40-70 mesh low-density proppant is adopted in the first half of the sand adding stage, 20-40 mesh medium-density proppant is adopted in the second half of the sand adding stage, and the sand adding ratio is gradually increased from small to large.
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| CN115898354A (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-04-04 | 新疆敦华绿碳技术股份有限公司 | Tracking evaluation method for pre-fracturing construction process |
| CN116877034A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-10-13 | 德州学院 | Micro-pressure driving implementation method, system and storage medium for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development |
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| CN116877034B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2024-01-23 | 德州学院 | Micro-pressure driving implementation method, system and storage medium for low/ultra-low permeability reservoir development |
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Application publication date: 20200828 |
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