CN116874335A - Sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116874335A CN116874335A CN202310693018.3A CN202310693018A CN116874335A CN 116874335 A CN116874335 A CN 116874335A CN 202310693018 A CN202310693018 A CN 202310693018A CN 116874335 A CN116874335 A CN 116874335A
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- parts
- sheep manure
- cfu
- organic fertilizer
- straw
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 26
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 240000005384 Rhizopus oryzae Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013752 Rhizopus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000193755 Bacillus cereus Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000588813 Alcaligenes faecalis Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000079253 Byssochlamys spectabilis Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940005347 alcaligenes faecalis Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000018977 lysine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lysinate Chemical compound NCCCCC(N)C([O-])=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002669 lysines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 39
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 17
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 13
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 12
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000758706 Piperaceae Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000223262 Trichoderma longibrachiatum Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000018997 Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000235062 Pichia membranifaciens Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000122 growth hormone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001446247 uncultured actinomycete Species 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012880 LB liquid culture medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000235648 Pichia Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241001052560 Thallis Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940061634 magnesium sulfate heptahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000186046 Actinomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000588986 Alcaligenes Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000003846 Carbonic anhydrases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000209 Carbonic anhydrases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000030523 Catechol oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010031396 Catechol oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710088194 Dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N Gluconic acid Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001472591 Lysinibacillus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000736262 Microbiota Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000004160 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000608 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710184309 Probable sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000607142 Salmonella Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102400000472 Sucrase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710112652 Sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000203775 Thermoactinomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000203770 Thermoactinomyces vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004178 biological nitrogen fixation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004062 cytokinin Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytokinin Natural products C1=NC=2C(NCC=C(CO)C)=NC=NC=2N1C1CC(O)C(CO)O1 UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XQGPKZUNMMFTAL-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;hydrogen phosphate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O XQGPKZUNMMFTAL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003617 indole-3-acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011073 invertase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009629 microbiological culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012137 tryptone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizers. The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials: 80-120 parts of sheep manure, 20-40 parts of biological treatment straw, 1.2-6 parts of urea, 13-30 parts of gypsum, 7-16 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-8 parts of ammonium molybdate, 4-6 parts of quicklime, 5-10 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 2-6 parts of composting fermentation and decomposition composite microbial agent and 2-6 parts of functional microbial agent. The main raw materials of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer are sheep manure and biologically treated straws, and the specific composting fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum is adopted for composting fermentation. The strains in the composting fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum are matched with each other and act together to promote the fermentation of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer. The sheep manure biological organic fertilizer can enhance soil fertility, improve soil structure, increase crop yield, improve crop stress resistance, prevent or reduce diseases and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizers.
Background
Chemical fertilizers are historically an important factor for crop yield increase, and for countries with larger chemical fertilizer production and usage in China, the chemical fertilizers play a positive role in crop yield increase. Part of the lost fertilizer is decomposed and released into the atmosphere, part of the fertilizer is lost along with the water flow and the soil flow, and part of the fertilizer is fixed in the soil to harden the soil, acidify the soil and can not be directly absorbed and utilized by plants. Excessive use of chemical fertilizer can not only lead the soil to have single nutrient and rapidly reduce fertility and seriously affect the quality of crops, but also lead the loss of pollutants and destroy the ecological environment, and the chemical residue is harmful to the health of human bodies. Compared with chemical fertilizer, the biological organic fertilizer has complete nutrient elements, can improve soil, improve soil hardening caused by long-term use of chemical fertilizer, and improve product quality. By improving the rhizosphere microbiota of crops, the disease and pest resistance of plants is improved, and the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers is improved.
With the development of the breeding industry, the livestock and poultry manure is greatly increased, and the treatment of the manure becomes a major concern of the breeding industry. The feces is used as a main carrier of microorganisms, and the diseased livestock and poultry can discharge various germs and parasitic ova along with the feces, so that the infectious properties of the pathogenic microorganisms can be kept for a long time. Along with the development of agricultural industrialization, the sheep raising scale is larger and larger in the breeding industry, sheep manure of a breeding base is gradually increased, natural stacking is not suitable any more, and if harmless treatment is not carried out, ecological circles in surrounding areas can be polluted. Sheep manure is used as one of important raw materials of the organic fertilizer, and is rich in elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matters and the like. Sheep manure belongs to a thermal fertilizer, and can be used as a fertilizer after being fully fermented, and the sheep manure which is not fully decomposed can be fermented in soil for the second time, so that a large amount of heat can be generated in the process, the phenomena of seed burning and root burning are generated, the emergence rate is affected, or the plant wilting and death are caused.
Patent CN 107641063A proposes a method for preparing fertilizer by fermenting sheep manure, which comprises the following steps: (1) nutrition preparation; (2) adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio; (3) adding a fermentation inoculant; and (4) fermenting. The method uses the organic fertilizer obtained by the EM fermentation to increase the supply of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil, increase the content of trace elements in the soil and improve the crop yield. However, the EM bacteria can not completely decompose part of lignin and cellulose in the feces and the straw, and in addition, the EM bacteria can not effectively inhibit part of toxic and harmful microorganisms such as salmonella, escherichia coli and the like, and the fermentation time is relatively long and the decomposition degree is not high. Patent CN 112876319A proposes a sheep manure fermented organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, the method comprises the following steps: (1) airing the raw materials; (2) preparation of a starter; (3) straw treatment; (4) mixing materials; (5) composting fermentation; (6) granulating; and (7) drying. The method uses the straw as one of the raw materials of the sheep manure organic fertilizer, but the straw is not well treated, the required time is long, the complete fermentation cannot be realized, the existing problem of preparing the organic fertilizer by using the sheep manure cannot be solved, and the process of preparing the sheep manure organic fertilizer by using the straw needs to be improved. Sheep manure as an organic fertilizer raw material is required to be subjected to continuous technical innovation in the prior art in order to exert the best effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the application of the biological treatment straw in preparing the sheep manure biological organic fertilizer, and the sheep manure biological organic fertilizer is prepared by using the biological treatment straw, has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and short fermentation time, and can improve the physical and chemical conditions and biological characteristics of soil, accelerate the decomposition of organic matters and promote the growth of crops.
The livestock manure used in the invention is sheep manure, and the sheep manure is rich in elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matters and the like, wherein the content of nitrogen element (N) is 0.7-0.8%, and the content of phosphorus (P) 2 O 5 ) The content is 0.45-0.6%, potassium (K) 2 O) content is 0.4-0.5%, organic matter content is 24-27%, and the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is prepared by fully fermenting and compounding with functional bacteria.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of sheep manure, 20-40 parts of biological treatment straw, 1.2-6 parts of urea, 13-30 parts of gypsum, 7-16 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-8 parts of ammonium molybdate, 4-6 parts of quicklime, 5-10 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 2-6 parts of composting fermentation and decomposition composite microbial agent and 2-6 parts of functional microbial agent;
the biological treatment straw is obtained by fermenting and degrading the straw by a biological treatment microbial inoculum.
According to the invention, the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of sheep manure, 25 parts of biological treatment straw, 3.5 parts of urea, 25 parts of gypsum, 12 parts of potassium sulfate, 3.5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of quicklime, 9 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 4 parts of composting fermentation and decomposition composite microbial agent and 4 parts of functional microbial agent.
According to the invention, preferably, the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum comprises bacterial species: common high-temperature actinomycetes, rhizopus oryzae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, paecilomyces variotii and saccharomyces cerevisiae.
In a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum is obtained by respectively culturing contained strains in a liquid culture medium for 2-5 days and then mixing the obtained microbial inoculum. In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, in the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum, the number of viable bacteria of common high-temperature actinomycetes is 1.0x10 9 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, the viable count of rhizopus oryzae is 2.0X10 8 cfu/mL～5.0×10 8 cfu/mL, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 1.0X10 9 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, viable count of Bacillus licheniformis is 1.0X10 10 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, the viable count of Paecilomyces variotii is 1.0X10 8 cfu/mL～5.0×10 9 cfu/mL, the viable count of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1×10 7 cfu/mL～3×10 8 cfu/mL。
Further preferably, the common high-temperature actinomycetes are aerobically cultured at 50+/-2 ℃ by using actinomycete liquid culture medium; the rhizopus oryzae is cultivated by PDA liquid and is cultivated aerobically at 37+/-2 ℃; the bacillus licheniformis is cultivated by YPD liquid and is cultivated aerobically at 37+/-2 ℃; the bacillus subtilis is cultivated aerobically at 37+/-2 ℃ by using LB liquid culture; the paecilomyces variotii is cultivated by PDA liquid and is cultivated aerobically at 37+/-2 ℃; saccharomyces cerevisiae was grown aerobically at 40.+ -. 2 ℃ using YPD liquid culture.
According to the invention, the biological treatment straw is prepared according to the following steps: removing impurities from the straw, crushing the straw, adding water into the crushed straw, immersing the straw in water, adding sodium bicarbonate powder, uniformly mixing, immersing for 1-2 days, adding a biological treatment microbial inoculum, uniformly mixing, standing, fermenting, degrading for 2-3 days, extruding and airing for later use.
Further preferably, the straw is wheat straw or rice straw or cotton straw.
Further preferably, the biological treatment bacterial agent comprises bacterial species: bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, alcaligenes faecalis, bacillus cereus, and Bacillus lysines.
Further preferably, the biological treatment bacterial agent is prepared by respectively inoculating bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, alcaligenes faecalis, bacillus cereus and bacillus lysinate into a liquid culture medium, culturing for 2-5 days at 37+/-2 ℃ under the culture condition of 150-180 rpm, and mixing the obtained bacterial liquid.
Further preferably, in the biological treatment microbial inoculum, the viable count of the bacillus licheniformis is 1.0x10 10 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, the viable count of the alcaligenes faecalis is 3.0X10 9 cfu/mL～5.0×10 10 cfu/mL, viable count of lysine bacillus is 2.0X10 10 cfu/mL～5.0×10 11 cfu/mL, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 1.0X10 9 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, viable count of Bacillus cereus of 2.0X10 9 cfu/mL～5.0×10 10 cfu/mL。
Further preferably, the addition amount of the biological treatment microbial inoculum is 0.1% -0.5% of the dry weight of the straw.
Further preferably, the adding amount of the sodium bicarbonate powder is 1.2% -1.5% of the adding mass of the immersed straw.
According to the invention, preferably, the functional microbial agent comprises a bacterial species: bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus.
Further preferably, the functional microbial inoculum is obtained by respectively culturing bacillus megatherium and bacillus mucilaginosus in a liquid culture medium and mixing bacterial liquids obtained by culture.
Further preferably, in the functional microbial agent, the viable count of Bacillus megaterium is 1.0X10 8 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus is 1.0X10 9 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL。
Further preferably, the bacillus megatherium is cultivated by adopting an LB liquid culture medium, and the pH of the LB liquid culture medium is regulated to 7.0-7.2; the liquid culture medium of bacillus mucilaginosus comprises the following components: 0.02% K 2 HPO 4 ·3H 2 O, 6% glucose, 0.06% MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O, 0.04% NaCl, 0.03% urea, 0.5% CaCO 3 The pH is adjusted to 7.0-7.2.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Pretreatment of sheep manure: collecting fresh sheep manure, naturally airing, crushing, and sieving with a 20-50 mesh sieve;
(2) Mixing the sheep manure crushed in the step (1) with biological treatment straw, adding urea, gypsum, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, quicklime and microcrystalline cellulose, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding a composting fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum, stirring uniformly, spraying water, supplementing water to a water content of 50-60%, and stacking into compost with a diameter of 3-3.5 m and a height of 2-3 m;
(3) Taking the temperature of the compost which is 30 cm or less from the outer surface to the inner surface as the composting temperature, fermenting for 3-4 days at the composting temperature of 25-30 ℃, then raising the composting temperature to 50-55 ℃, fermenting for ten days, finally raising the composting temperature to 65-70 ℃ for periodic turning, turning once every three days, and fermenting until the composting is black brown and the carbon nitrogen ratio is less than 20: 1. when the water content is less than 30%, completing fermentation, and completing composting after the temperature is reduced to below 30 ℃;
(4) And (3) adding a functional microbial inoculum into the compost after the decomposition in the step (3), and uniformly stirring to obtain the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer.
The invention has the technical characteristics that:
the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer raw material adopts the straw, the straw treatment is a non-negligible problem in agricultural production all the time, the straw incineration can lead to the problems of increased carbon emission, atmosphere pollution, reduced crop yield, frequent crop diseases and insect pests caused by straw landfill and the like. The invention utilizes the straws as raw materials to prepare the biological organic fertilizer, can effectively recycle the straws, thereby preventing the straws from polluting the environment, solving the negative influence of the straws on crops, and simultaneously utilizing rich organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other various microelements in the straws to improve the product quality of the organic fertilizer. Compared with the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer without adding straw, the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer prepared by biologically treating straw can increase the C/N value of the organic fertilizer, promote the growth of microorganisms and facilitate the fixation of N, thereby reducing the volatilization loss of ammonia and enabling NH 3 The volatilization is reduced.
In the biological treatment of the straw, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, alcaligenes faecalis, bacillus cereus and bacillus lysinate are used for fermenting and degrading the straw, wherein the bacillus licheniformis and the alcaligenes faecalis separate lignin in the straw and degrade cuticle on the surface of the straw; bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and bacillus lysines mainly degrade hemicellulose. The biological treatment mode of the straw can obviously reduce the decomposing time of the organic fertilizer in the later period.
The compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum provided by the invention contains high-temperature resistant strains, such as common high-temperature actinomycetes, so that the temperature of the compost can be quickly raised, meanwhile, the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum can also generate various enzymes capable of degrading sheep manure or straw and other raw materials, the fermentation and decomposition of the sheep manure and straw can be accelerated, and the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum has more beneficial effects on soil and crops.
The common high-temperature actinomycetes in the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum disclosed by the invention have higher activities of dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase and urease, can effectively degrade straw and sheep manure, and can produce heat-resistant cellulase at the same time, so that plant fibers which form plant cell walls and the like and are not easy to be utilized are decomposed into glucose, thereby further degrading the straw and accelerating the decomposition of organic fertilizer.
The rhizopus oryzae in the compost fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum can produce a large amount of amylase, saccharifying enzyme and protease, decompose cellulose and hemicellulose in straws, convert the cellulose and hemicellulose into organic acids such as lactic acid and the like, and produce substances such as organic acids, amino acids, polysaccharide, hormone and the like which are beneficial to plant absorption and utilization in the growth and propagation process. After rhizopus oryzae is propagated in soil, plant growth hormone and various enzymes are secreted, and potassium in the thalli is released after the thalli die and can be absorbed and utilized by plants. Rhizopus oryzae has the functions of dissolving phosphorus, releasing potassium and fixing nitrogen, and can improve the quick-acting potassium and phosphorus content of soil, improve the crop yield, improve the stress resistance of crops, prevent or reduce diseases and the like.
The bacillus subtilis in the composting fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculant can produce amylase, protease and cellulase, can decompose sheep manure and straw at a high speed, and accelerates composting and fermentation. The metabolite of the bacillus subtilis contains a plurality of antibacterial substances, can inhibit the growth and metabolism of harmful microorganisms in soil, and improves the disease resistance of plants. The bacillus subtilis can produce substances similar to cytokinin and plant growth hormone, can induce crops to produce substances such as indoleacetic acid, improves the growth hormone level of the crops, and promotes plant growth. The bacillus subtilis can improve the absorption and utilization rate of the fertilizer, inhibit the absorption of crops to heavy metals, pesticides and the like, reduce crop diseases and protect soil from being polluted by external pollutants. The probiotic environment can be formed in the soil, the formation of soil aggregate structure is promoted, the fertilizer and water retention capacity of the soil is improved, the soil porosity is increased, and the root growth is promoted.
The bacillus licheniformis in the composting fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculant can produce amylase, protease and cellulase, can decompose sheep manure and straw at a high speed, and accelerates composting, fermentation and decomposition. The bacillus licheniformis can improve soil aggregate structure, improve soil retaining, energy storage ability, effectively increase the ground temperature, alleviate continuous cropping obstacle, promote organic matter in the soil to decompose into humus, very big improvement soil fertilizer efficiency.
The Paecilomyces variotii in the compost fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum has the functions of dissolving phosphorus, releasing potassium and fixing nitrogen, and can generate substances such as organic acid, amino acid, polysaccharide, hormone and the like which are beneficial to plant absorption and utilization in the growth and propagation process, so that the Paecilomyces variotii is an important functional fungus, and can improve the quick-acting potassium and phosphorus content of soil, the crop yield and quality and the like.
The saccharomyces cerevisiae in the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum can accelerate the decomposition of organic matters in soil into nutrients required by plant growth, and improve the hardening phenomenon of the soil.
The invention also adds a certain functional bacterial agent. The bacillus megaterium is fermented to produce gluconic acid, has degradation effect on inorganic phosphorus in soil, improves the content of available phosphorus, can improve the biological nitrogen fixation efficiency, improves the available state of other trace elements such as iron, zinc and the like, and produces substances for promoting plant growth. Bacillus mucilaginosus has the capabilities of phosphate and potassium dissolving and silicon dissolving, can promote the conversion of ineffective phosphorus and potassium in soil, increase the supply of phosphorus and potassium in soil and improve the crop yield, and can produce carbonic anhydrase and has a certain effect on the fixation of carbon dioxide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer, which is prepared from sheep manure and biologically treated straws as main raw materials, and adopts a specific composting fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum to perform composting fermentation. The source of the sheep manure and the straw is wide, the sheep manure and the straw are easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the recycling of the sheep manure and the straw is realized. The invention uses the straw biological treatment microbial inoculum to treat the straw, which can reduce the composting fermentation time of the organic fertilizer and increase the nutrients in the organic fertilizer. The strains in the composting fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum are matched with each other and act together to promote the fermentation of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer. The sheep manure biological organic fertilizer prepared by using the sheep manure, straw, compost fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum and other auxiliary materials can enhance the activities of sucrase, urease and phosphatase in soil, enhance the soil fertility, improve the soil structure, increase the crop yield, improve the crop stress resistance, prevent or reduce diseases and other functions, reduce the use amount of the traditional chemical fertilizer, and is environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production steps of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be further described with reference to examples and drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The reagents and strains involved in the examples are all common commercial products.
The microorganisms involved in the examples are all common commercial products, all available from common commercial sources, and no preservation of microorganisms is involved. The microbial sources in the examples are as follows, and other homobacteria having the same function are equally suitable for the present invention:
actinomycetes (Thermoactinomyces vulgaris) at high temperature: purchased from China center for type culture Collection of microorganisms, with a strain number CICC 10650;
rhizopus oryzae (Rhizopus oryzae): purchased from China center for type culture Collection of microorganisms, with a strain number CICC 41008;
bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis): purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and having a strain number: CICC 20522;
bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis): purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center, strain number: CGMCC 1.10314;
paecilomyces variotii (Paecilomyces variotii): purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and having a strain number: CICC 2442;
saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae): purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and having a strain number: CICC 1517;
alcaligenes faecalis (Alcaligenes faecalis): purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and having a strain number: CICC 23636;
bacillus cereus (Bacillus cereus): purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and having a strain number: CICC 21261;
lysine bacillus (Lysinibacillus sp.): purchased from chinese pharmaceutical microbiological bacterial collection center, bacterial numbering: CPCC 101175;
bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium): purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and having a strain number: CICC 22681;
bacillus mucilaginosus (Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Krassilnikov): purchased from China center for type culture collection of microorganisms, strain number: ACCC 19749;
the components of the culture medium involved in the examples are as follows, and the components are all in mass percent:
the actinomycete liquid culture medium comprises the following components: 2% soluble starch, 0.1% potassium nitrate (KNO) 3 ) 0.05% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K) 2 HPO 4 ) 0.05% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO) 4 ·7H 2 O), 0.05% sodium chloride (NaCl), 0.001% ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO) 4 ·7H 2 O) the solvent is water, and the pH value is adjusted to 7.2-7.4;
the PDA liquid culture medium comprises the following components: 20% peeled potato, 2% glucose, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH) 2 PO 4 )，0.05% magnesium sulfate (MgSO) 4 ) 0.8% peptone, water as solvent and natural pH;
the YPD liquid medium comprises the following components: 1% of yeast extract, 2% of peptone, 2% of glucose and water as a solvent, wherein the pH value is 5.8-6.2;
the components of the LB liquid medium were as follows: 1% tryptone, 0.5% yeast extract, 1% sodium chloride (NaCl), water as solvent, and natural pH.
The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-120 parts of sheep manure, 20-40 parts of biological treatment straw, 1.2-6 parts of urea, 13-30 parts of gypsum, 7-16 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-8 parts of ammonium molybdate, 4-6 parts of quicklime, 5-10 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 2-6 parts of composting fermentation and decomposition composite microbial agent and 2-6 parts of functional microbial agent.
The straw may be selected from rice straw, wheat straw or cotton straw, and the different straw contains different components as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 percentage of total crop straw nitrogen phosphorus potassium nutrient (%)
Example 1
1. Preparing biological treatment straw:
removing impurities from the straw, crushing, immersing the crushed straw in water, adding sodium bicarbonate powder, uniformly mixing, soaking for 1-2 days, adding a biological treatment microbial inoculum, uniformly mixing, standing, fermenting, degrading for 2-3 days, extruding and airing for later use.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparation of biological treatment microbial inoculum: activating bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, alcaligenes faecalis, bacillus cereus and bacillus lysinate by a solid culture medium, inoculating into a liquid culture medium, performing expansion culture for 2-3 days under the culture condition of 37 ℃ and 180rpm, and mixing the five bacterial liquids after expansion culture to obtain a biological treatment bacterial agent; the viable count of Bacillus licheniformis in the obtained biological treatment microbial inoculum is 5.0X10 10 cfu/mL, live bacterium of alcaligenes faecalisThe number is 1.0X10 10 cfu/mL, viable count of lysine bacillus is 1.0X10 11 cfu/mL, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 1.0X10 10 cfu/mL, viable count of Bacillus cereus of 1.0X10 10 cfu/mL；
Wherein bacillus licheniformis, alcaligenes faecalis and lysine bacillus are cultivated by YPD liquid and are cultivated aerobically at 37 ℃; bacillus subtilis and bacillus cereus were cultivated aerobically using LB liquid based on 37 ℃;
(2) Removing impurities from rice straw and crushing;
(3) Adding water into crushed straw, immersing, adding sodium bicarbonate powder according to the mass of 1.2% of the immersed straw, uniformly mixing, and immersing for 2 days;
(4) Adding a biological treatment microbial inoculum accounting for 0.3% of the dry weight of the straw, fermenting for 2 days, extruding and airing for standby.
2. Preparing a composting fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum:
culturing the contained strains in a liquid culture medium for 2-5 days respectively, and mixing the obtained bacterial solutions.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Inoculating common high-temperature actinomycetes, rhizopus oryzae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, paecilomyces variotii and saccharomyces cerevisiae into a corresponding liquid culture medium for activation for 1 day;
(2) Inoculating the bacterial liquid obtained by the activation in the step (1) to a corresponding liquid culture medium according to an inoculum size of 5 percent for expanding culture for 1-3 days;
wherein, the common high-temperature actinomycetes are aerobically cultured at 50 ℃ by using actinomycete liquid culture medium; the rhizopus oryzae is cultivated by PDA liquid and is cultivated aerobically at 37 ℃; the bacillus licheniformis is cultivated by YPD liquid and is cultivated aerobically at 37 ℃; the bacillus subtilis is cultivated by using LB liquid culture and is based on 37 ℃ aerobic culture; the paecilomyces variotii is cultivated by PDA liquid and is based on 37 ℃ aerobic cultivation; saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultivated aerobically at 40℃using YPD liquid cultivation;
(3) Mixing the six bacterial liquids obtained in the step (2) by means of expansion culture to obtain a compost fermentation and decomposition compound bacterial agent; the obtained compost is fermented and decomposedIn the microbial inoculum, the viable count of the common high-temperature actinomycetes is 1.0x10 10 cfu/mL, the viable count of rhizopus oryzae is 3.0X10 8 cfu/mL, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 1.0X10 10 cfu/mL, viable count of Bacillus licheniformis is 5.0X10 10 cfu/mL, the viable count of Paecilomyces variotii is 1.0X10 9 cfu/mL, the viable count of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 8.0X10 7 cfu/mL。
3. Preparation of functional bacteria:
culturing bacillus megatherium and bacillus mucilaginosus in liquid culture medium respectively, and mixing the bacterial liquids obtained by culturing.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Inoculating bacillus megatherium and bacillus mucilaginosus into the corresponding liquid culture medium for activation for 1 day;
(2) Inoculating the bacterial liquid obtained by the activation in the step (1) to a corresponding liquid culture medium according to an inoculum size of 5 percent for expanding culture for 1-3 days;
(3) Mixing the bacillus megatherium bacterial liquid obtained by the expansion culture in the step (2) with bacillus mucilaginosus bacterial liquid to obtain a functional bacterial agent; in the obtained functional microbial inoculum, the viable count of bacillus megatherium is 1.0X10 10 cfu/mL, viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus is 1.0X10 10 cfu/mL；
Wherein, the bacillus megatherium is cultivated by adopting an LB culture medium, and the pH of the LB culture medium is regulated to 7.0-7.2; the bacillus mucilaginosus culture medium comprises the following components: 0.02% K 2 HPO 4 ·3H 2 O, 6% glucose, 0.06% MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O, 0.04% NaCl, 0.03% urea, 0.5% CaCO 3 The pH is adjusted to 7.0-7.2.
Example 2
A preparation method of a sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of sheep manure: collecting fresh sheep manure, naturally airing, crushing the sheep manure, and sieving the sheep manure with a 20-mesh sieve;
(2) According to the weight portions, taking 100 portions of sheep manure after sieving in the step (1), 25 portions of biological treatment rice straw prepared by the method of the embodiment (1), 3.5 portions of urea, 25 portions of gypsum, 12 portions of potassium sulfate, 3.5 portions of ammonium molybdate, 5 portions of quicklime and 9 portions of microcrystalline cellulose, 4 portions of composting fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum prepared by the embodiment (1), uniformly mixing the sheep manure with the biological treatment straw, then adding urea, gypsum, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, quicklime and microcrystalline cellulose, uniformly stirring, adding the composting fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum, uniformly stirring, spraying water, supplementing water to the water content of 55%, and stacking to obtain compost with the diameter of 3.5 m and the height of 2.5 m;
(3) Taking the temperature of compost which is 30 cm or less from the outer surface to the inner surface as the composting temperature, firstly fermenting for 3 days at the composting temperature of 25-30 ℃, then raising the composting temperature to 50-55 ℃, fermenting for ten days, finally raising the composting temperature to 65-70 ℃ for periodic turning, turning once every three days, keeping the temperature between 65-70 ℃, and fermenting until the composting is black brown and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than 20: 1. the water content is less than 30%, the fermentation is completed, the structure is fluffy, no peculiar smell exists, and composting is completed after the temperature is reduced to below 30 ℃;
(4) And (3) adding a functional microbial inoculum into the compost after the decomposition in the step (3), and uniformly stirring to obtain the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer.
Example 3
A preparation method of a sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of sheep manure: collecting fresh sheep manure, naturally airing, crushing the sheep manure, and sieving the sheep manure with a 20-mesh sieve;
(2) According to the weight portions, 110 portions of sheep manure after sieving in the step (1), 30 portions of biological treatment straw prepared in the embodiment (1), 4 portions of urea, 20 portions of gypsum, 10 portions of potassium sulfate, 3 portions of ammonium molybdate, 6 portions of quicklime and 8 portions of microcrystalline cellulose are taken, 3 portions of compost fermentation and decomposition compound bacteria agent prepared in the embodiment (1), 3 portions of functional bacteria agent prepared in the embodiment (1) are firstly uniformly mixed with the biological treatment straw, then urea, gypsum, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, quicklime and microcrystalline cellulose are added, uniformly stirred and mixed, then the compost fermentation and decomposition compound bacteria agent is added, uniformly stirred, sprayed with water, the water content is supplemented to 60%, and the compost with the diameter of 3.5 m and the height of 2.5 m is stacked;
(3) Taking the temperature of compost which is 30 cm or less from the outer surface to the inner surface as the composting temperature, firstly fermenting for 3 days at the composting temperature of 25-30 ℃, then raising the composting temperature to 50-55 ℃, fermenting for ten days, finally raising the composting temperature to 65-70 ℃ for periodic turning, turning once every three days, keeping the temperature between 65-70 ℃, and fermenting until the composting is black brown and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than 20: 1. the water content is less than 30%, the fermentation is completed, the structure is fluffy, no peculiar smell exists, and composting is completed after the temperature is reduced to below 30 ℃;
(4) And (3) adding a functional microbial inoculum into the compost after the decomposition in the step (3), and uniformly stirring to obtain the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer.
Example 4
A preparation method of a sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of sheep manure: collecting fresh sheep manure, naturally airing, crushing the sheep manure, and sieving the sheep manure with a 20-mesh sieve;
(2) According to weight portions, taking 90 portions of sheep manure after sieving in the step (1), 35 portions of biological treatment straw prepared in the embodiment (1), 5 portions of urea, 15 portions of gypsum, 9 portions of potassium sulfate, 4 portions of ammonium molybdate, 4 portions of quicklime and 7 portions of microcrystalline cellulose, 2 portions of compost fermentation and decomposition compound bacteria agent prepared in the embodiment (1), 2 portions of functional bacteria agent prepared in the embodiment (1), uniformly mixing sheep manure with biological treatment straw, then adding urea, gypsum, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, quicklime and microcrystalline cellulose, uniformly stirring and mixing, then adding compost fermentation and decomposition compound bacteria agent, uniformly stirring, spraying water, supplementing water until the water content is 50%, and stacking into compost with the diameter of 3.5 m and the height of 2.5 m;
(3) Taking the temperature of compost which is 30 cm or less from the outer surface to the inner surface as the composting temperature, firstly fermenting for 3 days at the composting temperature of 25-30 ℃, then raising the composting temperature to 50-55 ℃, fermenting for ten days, finally raising the composting temperature to 65-70 ℃ for periodic turning, turning once every three days, keeping the temperature between 65-70 ℃, and fermenting until the composting is black brown and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than 20: 1. the water content is less than 30%, the fermentation is completed, the structure is fluffy, no peculiar smell exists, and composting is completed after the temperature is reduced to below 30 ℃;
(4) And (3) adding a functional microbial inoculum into the compost after the decomposition in the step (3), and uniformly stirring to obtain the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer.
Example 5
The preparation method of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is different from the embodiment 2 in that in the step (2), wheat straw is used for the bio-treatment of the straw, and the preparation method of the bio-treatment of the straw is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 6
The preparation method of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is different from the embodiment 2 in that cotton straws are used as the bio-treated straws in the step (2), and the preparation method of the bio-treated straws is the same as the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is different from the embodiment 2 in that: and (3) adding no functional microbial inoculum in the step (4), and obtaining the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer after composting.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is different from the embodiment 2 in that: in the step (2), the non-biological treated straw is used as a raw material to prepare the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer, wherein the non-biological treated straw is prepared by removing impurities from rice straw and crushing the rice straw, adding water into the crushed straw for immersing, adding sodium bicarbonate powder according to the mass of 1.2% of the immersed straw water, uniformly mixing, soaking for 2 days, extruding and airing for standby.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is different from the embodiment 2 in that: in the step (2), rhizopus oryzae is not added in the composting fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum, and the viable count of other strains is unchanged.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is different from the embodiment 2 in that: in the step (2), common high-temperature actinomycetes are not added in the composting fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum, and the viable count of other strains is unchanged.
Comparative example 5
The preparation method of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is different from the embodiment 2 in that: the composite microbial inoculum for composting fermentation and decomposition in the step (2) is of the type of TonicPaecilomyces is replaced with Trichoderma longibrachiatum (Trichoderma longibrachiatum), purchased from China center for type culture Collection of microorganisms, strain number: CICC 2524; the trichoderma longibrachiatum is cultivated by PDA liquid cultivation based on 30 ℃ aerobic cultivation; the viable count of the trichoderma longibrachiatum in the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum is 1.0x10 9 cfu/mL, other strains are unchanged.
Comparative example 6
The preparation method of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is different from the embodiment 2 in that: the saccharomyces cerevisiae in the composting fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculant in the step (2) is replaced by pichia membranefaciens (Pichia membranifaciens), and the pichia membranefaciens is purchased from the China center for type culture collection of industrial microorganisms, and the strain number is as follows: CICC 33380; the Pichia membranaefaciens is cultivated by PDA liquid and is cultivated aerobically at the temperature of 27 ℃; the viable count of the pichia membranaefaciens in the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculant is 8.0x10 7 cfu/mL, other strains are unchanged.
Comparative example 7
The preparation method of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is different from the embodiment 2 in that: and (3) replacing common high-temperature actinomycetes in the compost fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum in the step (2) with thermophilic actinomycetes. Thermoactinomyces adopts a culture medium of Gao's No. one: 20g of soluble starch, 0.5g of sodium chloride, 1.0g of potassium nitrate, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5g of dipotassium phosphate trihydrate, 0.01g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 20g of agar, 1000mL of distilled water and natural pH, and the culture condition is 30 ℃ aerobic culture. The viable count of the thermophilic actinomycetes in the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum is 1.0x10 10 cfu/mL, other strains are unchanged.
Comparative example 8
The preparation method of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is different from the embodiment 2 in that the biological treatment and composting decomposition of the straw are carried out simultaneously, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Pretreatment of sheep manure: collecting fresh sheep manure, naturally airing, crushing the sheep manure, and sieving the sheep manure with a 20-mesh sieve;
(2) Pretreatment of straw: removing impurities from rice straw, crushing, adding water into crushed straw, immersing, adding sodium bicarbonate powder according to the mass of 1.2% of the immersed straw water, uniformly mixing, immersing for 2 days, extruding and airing for later use;
(3) According to weight parts, taking 100 parts of sheep manure after sieving in the step (1), 25 parts of straw for standby in the step (2), 0.3% of straw dry weight of the biological treatment microbial inoculum of the embodiment 1, 3.5 parts of urea, 25 parts of gypsum, 12 parts of potassium sulfate, 3.5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of quicklime, 9 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 4 parts of compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum prepared in the embodiment 1, 4 parts of functional bacteria prepared in the embodiment 1, firstly uniformly mixing the sheep manure with the straw, then adding urea, gypsum, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, quicklime and microcrystalline cellulose, uniformly stirring and mixing, then adding the biological treatment microbial inoculum and the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum, uniformly stirring, spraying water, supplementing water to the water content of 55%, and stacking into compost with the diameter of 3.5 m and the height of 2.5 m;
(4) Taking the temperature of compost which is 30 cm or less from the outer surface to the inner surface as the composting temperature, firstly fermenting for 3 days at the composting temperature of 25-30 ℃, then raising the composting temperature to 50-55 ℃, fermenting for ten days, finally raising the composting temperature to 65-70 ℃ for periodic turning, turning once every three days, keeping the temperature between 65-70 ℃, and fermenting until the composting is black brown and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is less than 20: 1. the water content is less than 30%, the fermentation is completed, the structure is fluffy, no peculiar smell exists, and composting is completed after the temperature is reduced to below 30 ℃;
(5) And (3) adding a functional microbial inoculum into the compost after the decomposition in the step (4), and uniformly stirring to obtain the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer.
Experimental example 1
The time to decay of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer prepared in examples 2 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 8 was compared as shown in table 2.
Table 2 comparison of organic fertilizer maturity time
As can be seen by comparison, the compost in example 2 has the shortest fermentation and decomposition time, and the fermentation and decomposition time is 20 days; compared with examples 5 and 6, the rice straw is easier to degrade and has shorter fermentation and decomposition time compared with wheat straw and cotton straw; example 2 shows that compared with comparative examples 3-7, the proper composite microbial inoculum for composting and fermenting can accelerate the composting and shorten the composting and fermenting time; compared with comparative examples 2 and 8, the straw is easier to ferment and digest after pretreatment, and the fermentation and digest time of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer is shortened.
Experimental example 2
The indexes of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer prepared in examples 2 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 8 were measured according to the method specified in NY 884-2004 bio-organic fertilizer. The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 analysis of nutrient elements of sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer
The analysis of the nutrient elements in examples 2-6 shows that the nitrogen content of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the invention is more than 11.00g/kg, the phosphorus content is more than 3.12g/kg, the potassium content is more than 31.87g/kg, the organic matter content is more than 45.58%, and the water content is 19-21%. As is clear from comparison of the embodiment 2 with the embodiment 5 and the embodiment 6, the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer (embodiment 2) prepared from rice straw has higher contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters and has the best effect.
As can be seen from the analysis of the nutrient elements in the embodiment 2 and the comparative embodiment 1, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters in the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer can be further increased by adding the functional microbial inoculum after the composting is completed.
As can be seen from the analysis of the nutrient elements in the embodiment 2 and the comparative embodiment 2, the straw subjected to biological pretreatment is beneficial to improving the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters in the sheep manure biological organic fertilizer.
As can be seen from the analysis of the nutrient elements in the embodiment 2 and the comparative examples 3-4, the addition of rhizopus oryzae and common high-temperature actinomyces in the composting fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum can promote the increase of the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters in the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer.
As can be seen from the analysis of the nutrient elements in the embodiment 2 and the comparative examples 5-7, the composting fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum provided by the invention has the advantages that all the strains are matched and synergistically increased, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters in the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer are improved.
As can be seen from the analysis of the nutrient elements in the embodiment 2 and the comparative embodiment 8, the straw is firstly subjected to biological treatment and then added into the compost for decomposition, which is more beneficial to improving the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters in the sheep manure biological organic fertilizer.
Experimental example 3
The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the invention is used for fertilizing pepper seeds according to the same fertilizing mode, the germination rate and root length of the peppers after being fertilized by the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer of examples 2-6 and comparative examples 1-8 are counted, meanwhile, the yield of the peppers is counted, and the yield increase of the peppers is calculated based on the comparison of the commercially available inorganic compound fertilizer, and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 comparison of seed germination and root length and Capsici fructus yield increase in different protocols
| Germination rate/% | Root length/cm | Yield increase/% | |
| Example 2 | 99 | 14.0 | 26.65 |
| Example 3 | 98 | 13.5 | 24.18 |
| Example 4 | 97 | 13.5 | 23.92 |
| Example 5 | 97 | 12.9 | 23.17 |
| Example 6 | 97 | 12.7 | 22.21 |
| Comparative example 1 | 96 | 11.3 | 20.03 |
| Comparative example 2 | 96 | 12.6 | 22.15 |
| Comparative example 3 | 97 | 12.4 | 23.88 |
| Comparative example 4 | 97 | 13.2 | 24.15 |
| Comparative example 5 | 97 | 12.3 | 24.01 |
| Comparative example 6 | 97 | 12.3 | 23.64 |
| Comparative example 7 | 97 | 12.6 | 22.31 |
| Comparative example 8 | 96 | 12.8 | 21.32 |
The experimental data of examples 2-6 show that the germination rate of the capsicum seeds of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the invention is 97-99%, the root length is 12.7-14.0 cm, the yield is increased by 22.21-26.55%, wherein example 2 is the optimal scheme, the germination rate of the seeds is 99%, the root length is 14.0cm, and the yield is increased by 26.65%. The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer can improve crop yield, improve germination rate, promote plant growth and improve root length of crops.
The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer of the comparative example 1 is not added with a functional microbial agent, and the germination rate of seeds, the root length and the increased yield of the capsicum are all lower than those of the example 2, which shows that the functional microbial agent can inhibit the growth and metabolism of harmful microorganisms in soil, improve the soil fertility, improve the crop yield, improve the germination rate, promote the plant growth and improve the root length of the crops.
The straws in the comparative example 2 are not subjected to biological treatment, and the germination rate, root length and pepper yield increase rate of seeds are lower than those in the example 2, which shows that the preparation of the sheep manure biological organic fertilizer by taking the straws subjected to biological pretreatment as a raw material can improve the soil fertility and increase the C/N value of the organic fertilizer, thereby increasing the crop yield and improving the germination rate and the root length of the crops.
Comparative examples 3-7, in which the seed germination rate, root length and pepper yield increase rate are all lower than those of example 2, were adjusted for the composition of the compost fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum, it is demonstrated that the composition of the compost fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum of the invention can enhance soil fertility, improve soil structure, increase crop yield and increase crop stress resistance, compared with other microbial inoculum having the same function without or with the addition of the compost fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum.
The straw biological treatment and composting fermentation in comparative example 8 are carried out simultaneously, and the germination rate, root length and pepper yield increase rate of the seeds are lower than those in example 2, which shows that the straw which is firstly subjected to biological pretreatment and then is involved in the fermentation and the decomposition for preparing the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer can be degraded more completely, the formation of harmful microorganisms is reduced, the nutrient elements of the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer are increased, the crop yield can be improved, the germination rate is improved, the plant growth is promoted, and the root length of the crop is improved.
Therefore, the sheep manure biological organic fertilizer prepared by using the sheep manure, the biological treatment straw, the compost fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum and other auxiliary materials can enhance the soil fertility, improve the soil structure, improve the yield, the germination rate and the root length of crops such as peppers, improve the stress resistance of crops, prevent or reduce diseases and the like, reduce the use amount of the traditional chemical fertilizer, and is environment-friendly.
Claims (10)
1. The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of sheep manure, 20-40 parts of biological treatment straw, 1.2-6 parts of urea, 13-30 parts of gypsum, 7-16 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-8 parts of ammonium molybdate, 4-6 parts of quicklime, 5-10 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 2-6 parts of composting fermentation and decomposition composite microbial agent and 2-6 parts of functional microbial agent;
the biological treatment straw is obtained by fermenting and degrading the straw by a biological treatment microbial inoculum.
2. The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of sheep manure, 25 parts of biological treatment straw, 3.5 parts of urea, 25 parts of gypsum, 12 parts of potassium sulfate, 3.5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 5 parts of quicklime, 9 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 4 parts of composting fermentation and decomposition composite microbial agent and 4 parts of functional microbial agent.
3. The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum comprises bacterial species: common high-temperature actinomycetes, rhizopus oryzae, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, paecilomyces variotii and saccharomyces cerevisiae;
preferably, the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum is obtained by respectively culturing contained strains in a liquid culture medium for 2-5 days and then mixing the obtained bacterial liquids;
preferably, in the compost fermentation and decomposition composite microbial inoculum, the number of viable bacteria of common high-temperature actinomycetes is 1.0x10 9 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, the viable count of rhizopus oryzae is 2.0X10 8 cfu/mL～5.0×10 8 cfu/mL, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 1.0X10 9 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, viable count of Bacillus licheniformis is 1.0X10 10 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, the viable count of Paecilomyces variotii is 1.0X10 8 cfu/mL～5.0×10 9 cfu/mL, the viable count of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1×10 7 cfu/mL～3×10 8 cfu/mL。
4. The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the bio-processed straw is prepared by the steps of: removing impurities from the straw, crushing, immersing the crushed straw in water, adding sodium bicarbonate powder, uniformly mixing, soaking for 1-2 days, adding a biological treatment microbial inoculum, uniformly mixing, standing, fermenting, degrading for 2-3 days, extruding and airing for later use.
5. The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein the straw is wheat straw or rice straw or cotton straw.
6. The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein the bio-treatment microbial inoculum comprises a bacterial species: bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, alcaligenes faecalis, bacillus cereus and Bacillus lysines;
further preferably, the biological treatment bacterial agent is prepared by respectively inoculating bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, alcaligenes faecalis, bacillus cereus and bacillus lysinate into liquid culture mediums, culturing for 2-5 days, and mixing the obtained bacterial solutions;
further preferably, in the biological treatment microbial inoculum, the viable count of the bacillus licheniformis is 1.0x10 10 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, the viable count of the alcaligenes faecalis is 3.0X10 9 cfu/mL～5.0×10 10 cfu/mL, viable count of lysine bacillus is 2.0X10 10 cfu/mL～5.0×10 11 cfu/mL, the viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 1.0X10 9 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, viable count of Bacillus cereus of 2.0X10 9 cfu/mL～5.0×10 10 cfu/mL。
7. The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein the addition amount of the bio-treatment microbial inoculum is 0.1% -0.5% of the dry weight of the straw;
preferably, the adding amount of the sodium bicarbonate powder is 1.2-1.5% of the adding mass of the immersed straw.
8. The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the functional microbial agent comprises a bacterial species: bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus.
9. The sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 8, wherein the functional microbial inoculum is obtained by respectively culturing bacillus megatherium and bacillus mucilaginosus in a liquid culture medium and mixing bacterial liquids obtained by the culture;
preferably, in the functional microbial inoculum, the viable count of bacillus megatherium is 1.0X10 8 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL, viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus is 1.0X10 9 cfu/mL～1.0×10 11 cfu/mL。
10. A method for preparing the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Pretreatment of sheep manure: collecting fresh sheep manure, naturally airing, crushing, and sieving with a 20-50 mesh sieve;
(2) Mixing the sheep manure crushed in the step (1) with biological treatment straw, adding urea, gypsum, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, quicklime and microcrystalline cellulose, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding a composting fermentation and decomposition compound microbial inoculum, stirring uniformly, spraying water, supplementing water to a water content of 50-60%, and stacking into compost with a diameter of 3-3.5 m and a height of 2-3 m;
(3) Taking the temperature of the compost which is 30 cm or less from the outer surface to the inner surface as the composting temperature, fermenting for 3-4 days at the composting temperature of 25-30 ℃, then raising the composting temperature to 50-55 ℃, fermenting for ten days, finally raising the composting temperature to 65-70 ℃ for periodic turning, turning once every three days, and fermenting until the composting is black brown and the carbon nitrogen ratio is less than 20: 1. when the water content is less than 30%, completing fermentation, and completing composting after the temperature is reduced to below 30 ℃;
(4) And (3) adding a functional microbial inoculum into the compost after the decomposition in the step (3), and uniformly stirring to obtain the sheep manure bio-organic fertilizer.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117660252A (en) * | 2023-12-09 | 2024-03-08 | 湖南省微生物研究院 | Low-temperature-resistant composite microbial agent and application thereof in low-temperature composting |
| CN118006486A (en) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-05-10 | 临沂市农业科学院 | Composite microbial flora for sheep manure composting |
| CN118496021A (en) * | 2024-05-09 | 2024-08-16 | 北京创臻环境技术有限公司 | Organic fertilizer and fermentation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117660252A (en) * | 2023-12-09 | 2024-03-08 | 湖南省微生物研究院 | Low-temperature-resistant composite microbial agent and application thereof in low-temperature composting |
| CN118006486A (en) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-05-10 | 临沂市农业科学院 | Composite microbial flora for sheep manure composting |
| CN118496021A (en) * | 2024-05-09 | 2024-08-16 | 北京创臻环境技术有限公司 | Organic fertilizer and fermentation method and application thereof |
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