CN116871666A - Flat hole connection method by pulse laser impact, device and application thereof - Google Patents
Flat hole connection method by pulse laser impact, device and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116871666A CN116871666A CN202311058915.3A CN202311058915A CN116871666A CN 116871666 A CN116871666 A CN 116871666A CN 202311058915 A CN202311058915 A CN 202311058915A CN 116871666 A CN116871666 A CN 116871666A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
- B23K26/0622—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of advanced laser manufacturing, and particularly relates to a flat hole connection method for pulse laser impact, a device and application thereof. The flat hole connection method of pulse laser impact comprises the following steps: and (3) sequentially stacking from bottom to top: the bottom die, the lower layer plate with the hourglass-shaped through holes, the upper layer plate, the absorption layer and the constraint layer are used for clamping and fixing all the laminated layers by using the workpiece clamping system; placing the hourglass-shaped through hole area at the center of a pulse laser spot, and under the pressure of pulse laser shock waves, plastically deforming the upper layer plate downwards at a high strain rate, and striking the upper inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower layer plate to generate high-speed shearing deformation so as to generate a metallurgical welding effect; as the upper layer plate is deformed continuously, when the upper layer plate flows into the cavity of the hourglass-shaped through hole, an interlocking structure with a small upper part and a large lower part is formed with the lower inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower layer plate, so that a mechanical riveting effect is generated; the method provided by the application is used for welding and riveting thicker or thicker plates.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of advanced laser manufacturing, and particularly relates to a flat hole connection method for pulse laser impact, a device and application thereof.
Background
The disclosure of this background section is only intended to increase the understanding of the general background of the application and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The static connection mode between the plates mainly comprises welding, riveting, threaded connection and the like.
Conventional welding, typified by fusion welding, is a metallurgical bond formed by applying a material to a molten state by a high-temperature heat source, and thus has high connection strength and can obtain high electrical conductivity. However, the fusion welding area forms a heat affected zone, which is easy to cause the generation of defects such as thermal deformation, formation of uneven inclusion, air holes, cracks and the like, so that the fatigue resistance of the fusion welding joint is lower. Laser shock welding is an emerging solid state metallurgical bonding technique that avoids the adverse thermal effects of fusion welding processes, but the fatigue resistance of the joint is still not significantly improved.
The riveting between the plates comprises rivet riveting and rivetless riveting, which are usually carried out at normal temperature, thus belonging to cold working. Among them, the rivetless riveting is performed by plastic deformation of the material itself, and because it does not require rivets, it is possible to obtain a flat joint with a high processing speed, and it is easy to obtain a flat joint. Compared with metallurgical bonding formed by welding, riveting belongs to mechanical bonding, and the joint has good fatigue resistance, but low shear strength and peel strength and weak conductivity. When the rivet is not used for riveting the dissimilar materials, the different rebound amounts of the dissimilar materials after deformation can cause loosening of the joint, and further weaken the conductivity of the joint.
The rivet welding composite connection technology has the advantages of mechanical combination of riveting and metallurgical combination of welding, solves the problems of low strength, weak conductivity, poor fatigue resistance of a pure welded joint and the like of the pure riveted joint to a certain extent, and has better application prospect in the field of metal plate connection such as conductive plates and the like. The welding is performed before riveting, and the material performance change generated in the welding process increases the difficulty of riveting; the space occupied by the riveting process limits the position and angle of the weld, thereby increasing the difficulty of welding. Therefore, the adoption of the synchronous rivet welding process to obtain the rivet welding composite joint is always the direction of industry. The Chinese patent document with application number 201510119083.0 discloses a laser synchronous riveting and welding method and device for ultrathin plates. The method comprises the steps of stacking an upper layer plate and a lower layer plate, placing the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate on a female die together, arranging a bottom die in the female die, applying a pulse laser beam to the upper layer plate or an energy absorption layer coated on the surface of the upper layer plate to form explosion plasma, enabling the upper layer plate to strike the lower layer plate, enabling the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate to generate high strain rate plastic flow coupling, and enabling the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate to be plastically formed into a rivet shape under the constraint of the bottom die, so that mechanical interlocking and riveting are generated. During plastic deformation, compressive stresses are present at the interface of the upper and lower plates, which interface thus melts and diffuses atoms and, when co-impinging against the bottom die, welds the upper and lower plates together. However, the ultra-thin sheet rivet joint realized by the method mainly relies on the common plastic deformation of double-layer sheets, so that the method is only suitable for connecting sheets with very thin thickness and small thickness difference.
The creation of the interlocking structure required for staking requires ensuring a good directional flow fit of the two sheets while requiring a significant amount of deformation of both sheets. For thicker sheets, which have a higher stiffness, the material flow and filling properties are poor, which results in increased difficulty in directional flow of the material, and difficulty in generating large deformations, additional measures, such as increasing the temperature, are generally required to promote material flow. Meanwhile, if the thickness difference of the two layers of plates is large, the large thickness difference can cause poor flow fit between the two layers of plates, cracking is easy to occur, and the connection quality is poor. In the deformation process, the compressive stress of the connecting interface is dominant, the larger thickness difference also can lead to uneven pressure distribution during connection, local stress concentration and connection quality reduction are caused, and the connection vulnerability and the failure risk are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the application provides a flat hole connection method by pulse laser impact, a device and application thereof. For plates with larger thickness or larger thickness difference, the welding and riveting can be realized at the same time, the connector has the characteristics of flat connector, no bulge, large interlocking amount, high connector strength, fatigue resistance, good conductivity and the like.
In a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of connecting flat holes by pulsed laser shock, the method comprising:
and (3) sequentially stacking from bottom to top: the bottom die, the lower layer plate with the hourglass-shaped through holes, the upper layer plate, the absorption layer and the constraint layer are used for clamping and fixing each lamination on the workbench by using the workpiece clamping system; placing the hourglass-shaped through hole area at the center of a pulse laser spot, and under the pressure of pulse laser shock waves, plastically deforming the upper layer plate downwards at a high strain rate, and striking the upper inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower layer plate to generate high-speed shearing deformation so as to generate a metallurgical welding effect; along with the continuous deformation of the upper plate, when the upper plate flows into the cavity of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate, an interlocking structure with a small upper part and a large lower part is formed with the lower inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate, so that a mechanical riveting effect is generated; and (3) completing rivet welding composite connection of flat hole shape, upper welding and lower riveting.
In a second aspect of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for implementing the above method, the apparatus comprising: the bottom die, the lower layer plate with the hourglass-shaped through holes, the upper layer plate, the absorption layer and the constraint layer are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, and each stack is clamped and fixed on the workbench by utilizing the workpiece clamping system;
the apparatus further comprises a laser for generating a pulsed laser.
In a third aspect of the application, the method or apparatus for carrying out the method is provided for simultaneous rivet welding of sheets of greater thickness, or sheets of greater thickness variation. When the upper layer plate is thicker, the upper layer plate can be extruded into the through hole of the lower layer plate under the action of laser impact force, and the effect is similar to extrusion molding in the metal forming field. When the lower layer plate is thicker, through holes with different sizes can be adopted, so that the upper layer plate smoothly flows into the through holes. When the lower sheet is thinner, smaller through holes may be used, otherwise larger through holes may be used.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
(1) An hourglass-shaped through hole is formed in the lower-layer plate, and the through hole is provided with an upper taper and a lower taper, so that an upper inclined plane and a lower inclined plane are formed in the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower-layer plate; before laser shock, the upper layer plate and the upper inclined plane have a certain gap, the gap provides a certain flying distance for the laser shock area of the upper layer plate, and when laser shock, the upper layer plate can strike the upper inclined plane of the lower layer plate at a high speed and generate high-speed shearing deformation, so that a metallurgical welding effect is generated, along with the continuous deformation of the upper layer plate, the material further flows into the lower part of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower layer plate, and forms an interlocking structure with the lower inclined plane of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower layer plate, so that a mechanical riveting effect is generated, and the rivet welding composite connection of flat hole shape, upper welding and lower riveting is completed.
(2) In the application, the upper layer plate is subjected to plastic deformation under the impact of laser, and the deformed upper layer plate flows into the hourglass-shaped through holes of the lower layer plate, so that the directional flow of the material is good. Meanwhile, only the upper plate is plastically deformed under the impact of laser, and the problem of flow fit between the two plates is not needed to be considered, so that the application is suitable for synchronously riveting plates with larger thickness or plates with larger thickness difference.
(3) The method provided by the application has small connection area and can be used for thicker plates or plates with larger thickness difference; meanwhile, the rivet welding joint is in a flat hole shape, geometrical protrusions are not present, and the problem of plate rivet welding connection with requirements on connection space is solved.
(4) The method provided by the application can realize mechanical bonding and metallurgical bonding, and has high strength, fatigue resistance and conductivity; the interlocking amount in the application depends on the macroscopic shape of the lower layer plate instead of the thickness deformation difference, so that the interlocking amount is larger, and the high strength of the joint is ensured.
(5) The upper layer plate is subjected to high strain rate plastic forming under the force effect of laser shock waves rather than the thermal effect, and welding formed by high-speed impact and shearing generated by the upper inclined surfaces of the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate through holes only occurs on the surface layers of the plates instantaneously, so that the problem of a heat affected zone is avoided.
(6) The method provided by the application can synchronously complete the composite connection of plate riveting and welding under the action of laser pulse, and has the advantages of simple process and high processing efficiency.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flat hole connection device for pulsed laser shock in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an hourglass-shaped through hole in a lower plate according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an intermediate process of pulse laser impingement flat hole connection in accordance with the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the final completion of the pulsed laser shock via connection of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a final connecting piece of pulse laser impact flat hole connection in the present application, a is a schematic view of a final connecting piece of plate materials with larger thickness difference, and b is a schematic view of a final connecting piece of plate materials with larger thickness;
wherein, 1 is the laser, 2 is work piece clamping system, 3 is the constraint layer, 4 is the absorbed layer, 5 is the upper plate material, 6 is the lower plate material that has hourglass form through-hole, 7 is the die block, 8 is the workstation.
In a first exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided a flat hole connection method of pulsed laser shock, the method including:
and (3) sequentially stacking from bottom to top: the bottom die, the lower layer plate with the hourglass-shaped through holes, the upper layer plate, the absorption layer and the constraint layer are used for clamping and fixing each lamination on the workbench by using the workpiece clamping system; placing the hourglass-shaped through hole area at the center of a pulse laser spot, and under the pressure of pulse laser shock waves, plastically deforming the upper layer plate downwards at a high strain rate, and striking the upper inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower layer plate to generate high-speed shearing deformation so as to generate a metallurgical welding effect; along with the continuous deformation of the upper plate, when the upper plate flows into the cavity of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate, an interlocking structure with a small upper part and a large lower part is formed with the lower inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate, so that a mechanical riveting effect is generated; and (3) completing rivet welding composite connection of flat hole shape, upper welding and lower riveting.
In one or more embodiments, the bottom die is used to limit deformation of the upper sheet material to form a flat hole rivet weld joint.
In one or more embodiments, the upper sheet is a flat sheet.
In one or more embodiments, the upper slope of the lower plate hourglass-shaped through hole is a welding slope; the lower inclined plane of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate material is a riveting inclined plane.
In one or more embodiments, the included angle (acute angle) alpha between the upper inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole and the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the lower layer plate ranges from 20 degrees to 60 degrees; the included angle (acute angle) beta between the lower inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole and the lower surface (horizontal plane) of the lower plate material is 20-60 degrees; the angle of the included angle alpha is larger than or equal to the angle of the included angle beta.
In one or more embodiments, the upper slope of the lower plate hourglass-shaped through hole and the lower slope of the lower plate hourglass-shaped through hole have horizontal lengths of x, respectively α And x β The diameter of the upper opening is D, the thickness of the lower layer plate is H, the vertical height of the lower inclined plane is H, wherein x is α ≥x β The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The aperture d=d-2×x at the transition of the upper slope and the lower slope α And d is not less than 2 x β ;The space at the upper inclined plane of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the larger lower plate ensures the welding effect and is beneficial to material flow. Sand glass with lower plateDifferent parameter combinations of the shaped through holes can obtain the composite joint with different performances and applicable scenes.
In one or more embodiments, the hourglass-shaped through holes in the lower sheet with the hourglass-shaped through holes may be drilled on both sides of the sheet by a drill bit, or may be achieved by laser drilling, which has a natural taper and may drill holes in hard and brittle materials.
In one or more embodiments, to ensure a synchronous welding riveting effect, the thickness H of the lower sheet is not less than 0.1mm.
In one or more embodiments, the upper and lower sheets may be copper, aluminum, steel, titanium, or the like or heterogeneous sheets.
In one or more embodiments, the absorbing layer is a black paint, graphite, or metal foil; laser irradiates the absorption layer to generate high-temperature and high-pressure plasmas in extremely short time, and continuously absorbs energy to form laser shock waves, so that the plate is pushed to generate high strain rate plastic deformation by taking the laser shock waves as driving force; in addition, the absorption layer also has the function of protecting the material surface from laser burns.
In one or more embodiments, the confinement layer is glass or water to limit expansion of the plasma, thereby increasing peak pressure of the shock wave and prolonging the duration of action; at the same time, the constraint layer makes the shock wave propagate towards the direction of the plate.
In one or more embodiments, the pulsed laser has a power density of greater than 1GW/cm 2 The specific values depend on the laser energy, the laser spot size and the pulse width of the laser.
Furthermore, in order to enable the upper plate and the lower plate to finish riveting and welding under the action of one laser, the pulse width of the laser should be not more than 20ns.
Further, in order to obtain laser energy with approximately flat-top distribution, the laser spot size should be not less than 1.5 times of the maximum opening diameter D of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate.
Furthermore, the riveting and welding joints with different material combinations, thickness combinations and dimension specifications are realized by adjusting the laser energy, the laser spot size and the pulse width of the laser.
In a second exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for implementing the above method, the apparatus comprising: the bottom die, the lower layer plate with the hourglass-shaped through holes, the upper layer plate, the absorption layer and the constraint layer are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, and each stack is clamped and fixed on the workbench by utilizing the workpiece clamping system;
the apparatus further comprises a laser for generating a pulsed laser.
In one or more embodiments, the table is used to adjust the impact position.
In a third exemplary embodiment of the present application, the above method or an apparatus for implementing the above method is provided for simultaneous rivet welding of plates having a large thickness or plates having a large difference in thickness.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical scheme of the present application, the technical scheme of the present application will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1 the upper and lower sheets have a large difference in thickness
As shown in fig. 5 (a), the upper plate is a pure copper plate with a thickness of 0.05mm, the lower plate is an aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 0.15mm, and the size of the hourglass-shaped through hole is designed as follows: d=0.35 mm, α=β=45°, h=0.075 mm, h=0.15 mm, x α =x β =0.075 mm, d=0.2 mm. The pulse width of the laser is 12ns, the laser spot diameter is 2mm, and the laser energy is 5J. Placing the hourglass-shaped through hole area at the center of a pulse laser spot, and under the pressure of pulse laser shock waves, plastically deforming the upper layer plate downwards at a high strain rate, and striking the upper inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower layer plate to generate high-speed shearing deformation so as to generate a metallurgical welding effect; along with the continuous deformation of the upper plate, when the upper plate flows into the cavity of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate, an interlocking structure with a small upper part and a large lower part is formed with the lower inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate, so that a mechanical riveting effect is generated; and (3) completing rivet welding composite connection of flat hole shape, upper welding and lower riveting.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5 (b), the upper plate is a pure copper plate with a thickness of 0.20mm, the lower plate is an aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 0.20mm, and the size of the hourglass-shaped through hole is designed as follows: d=0.7 mm, α=β=45°, h=0.10 mm, h=0.20 mm, x α =x β =0.10 mm, d=0.5 mm. The pulse width of the laser is 12ns, the laser spot diameter is 2mm, and the laser energy is 10J. Placing the hourglass-shaped through hole area at the center of a pulse laser spot, and under the pressure of pulse laser shock waves, plastically deforming the upper layer plate downwards at a high strain rate, and striking the upper inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower layer plate to generate high-speed shearing deformation so as to generate a metallurgical welding effect; along with the continuous deformation of the upper plate, when the upper plate flows into the cavity of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate, an interlocking structure with a small upper part and a large lower part is formed with the lower inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate, so that a mechanical riveting effect is generated; and (3) completing rivet welding composite connection of flat hole shape, upper welding and lower riveting.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of connecting flat holes by pulsed laser shock, the method comprising:
and (3) sequentially stacking from bottom to top: the bottom die, the lower layer plate with the hourglass-shaped through holes, the upper layer plate, the absorption layer and the constraint layer are used for clamping and fixing each lamination on the workbench by using the workpiece clamping system; placing the hourglass-shaped through hole area at the center of a pulse laser spot, and under the pressure of pulse laser shock waves, plastically deforming the upper layer plate downwards at a high strain rate, and striking the upper inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower layer plate to generate high-speed shearing deformation so as to generate a metallurgical welding effect; along with the continuous deformation of the upper plate, when the upper plate flows into the cavity of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate, an interlocking structure with a small upper part and a large lower part is formed with the lower inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the lower plate, so that a mechanical riveting effect is generated; and (3) completing rivet welding composite connection of flat hole shape, upper welding and lower riveting.
2. The method of joining according to claim 1, wherein the bottom die is used to limit deformation of the upper sheet material to form a flat rivet weld joint.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the upper slope of the lower plate hourglass-shaped through hole is a welding slope; the lower inclined surface of the lower plate hourglass-shaped through hole is a riveting inclined surface;
or the included angle alpha between the upper inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole and the upper surface of the lower plate is 20-60 degrees; the included angle beta between the lower inclined surface of the hourglass-shaped through hole and the lower surface of the lower plate material is 20-60 degrees; the angle of the included angle alpha is larger than or equal to the angle of the included angle beta;
or, the horizontal lengths of the upper inclined plane of the lower plate hourglass-shaped through hole and the lower inclined plane of the lower plate hourglass-shaped through hole are x respectively α And x β The diameter of the upper opening is D, the thickness of the lower layer plate is H, the vertical height of the lower inclined plane is H, wherein x is α ≥x β The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The aperture d=d-2×x at the transition of the upper slope and the lower slope α And d is not less than 2 x β ;The space at the upper inclined plane of the hourglass-shaped through hole of the larger lower plate ensures the welding effect and is beneficial to material flow. The composite joint with different performances and applicable scenes can be obtained by combining different parameters of the hourglass-shaped through holes of the lower plate.
4. A joining method according to claim 3, wherein the thickness H of the lower sheet is not less than 0.1mm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the upper and lower plates are copper, aluminum, steel, titanium or other equivalent plates or heterogeneous plates;
or, the absorption layer is black paint, graphite or metal foil;
or, the constraint layer is glass or water.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulsed laser has a power density greater than 1GW/cm 2 。
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the pulse width of the pulsed laser is no greater than 20ns;
or, the laser spot size should be not less than 1.5 times of the maximum opening diameter D of the hourglass-shaped through holes of the lower plate.
8. An apparatus capable of implementing the connection method of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises: the bottom die, the lower layer plate with the hourglass-shaped through holes, the upper layer plate, the absorption layer and the constraint layer are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, and each stack is clamped and fixed on the workbench by utilizing the workpiece clamping system;
the apparatus further comprises a laser for generating a pulsed laser.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the table is adapted to adjust the impact position.
10. The joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or the apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 9, for simultaneous rivet welding of sheets of greater thickness, or sheets of greater thickness variation.
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CN202311058915.3A CN116871666A (en) | 2023-08-21 | 2023-08-21 | Flat hole connection method by pulse laser impact, device and application thereof |
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CN202311058915.3A CN116871666A (en) | 2023-08-21 | 2023-08-21 | Flat hole connection method by pulse laser impact, device and application thereof |
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2023
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