CN116871658A - Radial clamping tool for uniform welding of multiple welding seams - Google Patents

Radial clamping tool for uniform welding of multiple welding seams Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116871658A
CN116871658A CN202310924644.9A CN202310924644A CN116871658A CN 116871658 A CN116871658 A CN 116871658A CN 202310924644 A CN202310924644 A CN 202310924644A CN 116871658 A CN116871658 A CN 116871658A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
clamping
welding
radial
welded
positioning base
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN202310924644.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈大军
李忠盛
黄安畏
张薇
张报云
付扬帆
黄�俊
莫非
刘正涛
代野
吴厦
丛大龙
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Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering of China South Industries Group
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Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering of China South Industries Group
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Application filed by Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering of China South Industries Group filed Critical Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering of China South Industries Group
Priority to CN202310924644.9A priority Critical patent/CN116871658A/en
Publication of CN116871658A publication Critical patent/CN116871658A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/053—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work aligning cylindrical work; Clamping devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles

Abstract

The application provides a radial clamping tool for uniformly welding multiple welding seams, which comprises a positioning base (10), clamping claws (20) and a thrust block (30), wherein a through hole (11) is formed in the middle of the positioning base (10); a plurality of clamping claws (20) are uniformly arranged on one side of the positioning base (10), and the clamping claws (20) are in sliding connection with the positioning base (10); the outer wall of the clamping claw (20) is in a conical structure, the inner wall of the clamping claw (20) is in a micro-conical structure, and a plurality of positioning shallow grooves (21) are formed in the inner wall of the clamping claw (20); a conical hole (31) is formed in the middle of the thrust block (30), and the inner walls of the conical holes (31) are respectively connected with the outer walls of the corresponding clamping claws (20) in a sliding manner. The radial clamping tool is used for the process of simultaneously carrying out radial friction welding on multiple welding seams of the annular component and the shaft/pipe component, and has the advantages of accurate positioning, good uniformity and consistency of the structural performance of the welded joint, high welding quality and high efficiency.

Description

Radial clamping tool for uniform welding of multiple welding seams
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of solid-phase welding, in particular to a radial clamping tool for uniformly welding multiple welding seams.
Background
Friction welding refers to a solid-state welding method which is characterized in that under the action of pressure, the temperature of an interface and the vicinity thereof is increased by friction of the interface to be welded, the deformation resistance of a material is reduced, the plasticity is improved, an oxide film of the interface is broken, and the interface deforms and flows along with the material, so that the connection is realized by diffusion and recrystallization on the interface; the friction welding has the advantages of high quality, good stability, high welding efficiency, low cost, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like of welding joints, and has become a manufacturing technology for key research in the industries such as petrochemical industry, mechanical manufacturing industry and the like.
Friction welding is generally used for welding structural members such as shafts, pipes/rings, shafts/rings, pipes/pipes, shafts/disks, shafts/plates, disks/disks and the like, and mainly adopts a welding mode of welding a fat axial friction welding head and welding a radial friction welding head. To meet the needs of some special structural components, it is necessary to design a radial friction welding joint form of multiple welds, which is usually to weld multiple thin-wall rings on the surface of a pipe or shaft component by radial friction welding; currently, the method (namely, the radial friction welding head form of the multi-path welding line) is mainly realized by two modes of independently welding a single thin-wall ring for a plurality of times, independently welding an annular member with larger width, and then machining to form a plurality of thin-wall rings. The mode of independently welding a single thin-wall ring for multiple times requires multiple times of welding and machining, has complex process, high labor cost, long whole welding time consumption and low efficiency, can not ensure that radial friction welding is performed under the same condition and environment each time, and is easy to have the problem of large multi-path welding seam difference; the mode of welding the great annular component of width alone earlier, form a plurality of thin-walled rings through the machining again, in the friction welding process, the welding seam is too wide, welding area is big, leads to the friction torque big, easily appears centre gripping and skid scheduling problem, leads to welding quality low, the disqualification rate is high, simultaneously, too wide welding seam still can lead to producing great clearance between centre gripping frock and the annular component owing to reasons such as the slip of annular component in the friction welding process, distortion, deformation, causes the radial pressure that annular component received inhomogeneous, leads to welding seam organizational structure inhomogeneous, uniformity poor, influences the welded joint quality.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the application aims to provide a radial clamping tool for uniformly welding multiple welding seams, which is used for simultaneously carrying out radial friction welding on multiple welding seams of an annular component and a shaft/pipe component, can realize the accurate positioning of the annular component, avoid the problems of radial runout, sliding, distortion and the like of the annular component in the welding process, ensure the uniformity and consistency of the organization performance of a welding joint and has high welding structure quality.
The aim of the application is achieved by the following technical scheme:
radial clamping tool for uniformly welding multiple welding seams, and is characterized in that: the welding device comprises a positioning base, clamping claws and a thrust block, wherein a through hole is formed in the middle of the positioning base, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of an annular member to be welded; a plurality of clamping claws are uniformly arranged on one side surface of the positioning base and around the central axis of the through hole, and are in sliding connection with the positioning base; the outer wall of the clamping claw is of a conical structure with gradually reduced outer diameter from the direction close to the positioning base to the direction far from the positioning base, the inner wall of the clamping claw is of a micro-conical structure with gradually increased outer diameter from the direction close to the positioning base to the direction far from the positioning base, and a plurality of positioning shallow grooves are sequentially processed on the inner wall of the clamping claw along the axial direction of the clamping claw; the thrust piece sets up the tapered hole coaxial with the through-hole in the middle part of the one end that the clamping jaw kept away from the locating base and thrust piece, and the tapering of tapered hole is unanimous with clamping jaw outer wall tapering and the downthehole wall sliding connection of tapered hole respectively with corresponding clamping jaw outer wall.
Based on the further optimization of the technical scheme, the side surface of the positioning base, which is close to the clamping claw, is provided with the movable sliding grooves respectively corresponding to the clamping claws, the side surface of the clamping claw, which is close to the positioning base, is provided with the sliding clamping blocks corresponding to the movable sliding grooves, the sliding clamping blocks are clamped in the corresponding movable sliding grooves, the outer walls of the sliding clamping blocks are in sliding connection with the corresponding side walls of the movable sliding grooves, and therefore the sliding connection between the clamping claws and the positioning base is realized.
Based on the further optimization of above-mentioned scheme, the side that slides the fixture block is close to through-hole one side and is kept away from through-hole one side and be connected with the removal spout lateral wall that corresponds through the spring respectively, firstly be convenient for weld the opening of back clamping jaw, conveniently weld the takeout of back spare, secondly provide elasticity buffering, avoid welding spare pressure loss at the centre gripping in-process.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the taper of the micro taper structure is 0.5-1 degrees.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the number of the positioning shallow grooves (namely the positioning shallow grooves which are sequentially arranged on the same clamping claw) is 2-5; the depth of the positioning shallow groove is 1-2 mm, and the width of the positioning shallow groove is consistent with the width of the annular component to be welded.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the taper degree of the conical structure is 20-70 degrees.
The radial friction welding method for uniformly welding multiple welding seams adopts the radial clamping tool and is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
s01, firstly, machining a radial clamping tool according to the number and the size of annular components to be friction welded; simultaneously, according to the size of the shaft/pipe components to be welded, a rotary clamping tool is processed;
s02, respectively machining annular components to be welded and shaft/pipe component blanks to enable the annular components to be welded and the shaft/pipe component blanks to conform to welding sizes, and sequentially performing iron rust removal, burr removal and oil stain removal on machined parts to be welded;
s03, then, mounting the radial clamping tool processed in the step S01 on a movable sliding table for friction welding, mounting the rotary clamping tool processed in the step S01 on a main shaft for friction welding, respectively clamping an annular member to be welded by using the radial clamping tool, clamping a shaft/pipe member to be welded by using the rotary clamping tool, and respectively pre-clamping;
s04, setting friction welding parameters at a friction welding control panel, and starting a friction welding machine to finish a welding procedure of simultaneously friction welding and upsetting and pressure maintaining between a plurality of annular components and shaft/pipe components;
and S05, finally, respectively loosening the radial clamping tool and the rotary clamping tool, and taking down the welding piece to finish friction welding.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the rotary clamping tool is an external clamping type elastic clamping tool, and is prepared from any one of 40CrNiMo or 40Cr medium carbon quenched and tempered steel.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the outer diameter of the shaft/pipe component to be welded is phi 41 mm-phi 160mm; the outer diameter of the annular component to be welded is phi 50 mm-phi 185mm, the width is 3-15 mm, and the wall thickness is 4-12 mm.
Based on further optimization of the scheme, the width of the rotating clamping tool for clamping the shaft/pipe components to be welded is 80-150 mm, and the rotating clamping tool is arranged in line with the central axis of the main shaft of the friction welding machine; the mounting mode of radial centre gripping frock is: the positioning base is fixedly arranged on a movable sliding table of the friction welding machine, the thrust block slides relatively with the movable sliding table of the friction welding machine, and one end, far away from the clamping claw, of the thrust block is fixedly connected with the thrust output end of an oil cylinder of the friction welding machine.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the welding parameters of the friction welding machine are as follows: the friction rotation speed is 1000 r/min-3000 r/min, the friction pressure is 2 MPa-8 MPa, the upsetting rotation speed is 500 r/min-1500 r/min, and the upsetting pressure is 4 MPa-15 MPa.
The following effects are achieved by the technical scheme of the application:
the radial clamping fixture composed of the positioning base, the clamping jaws and the thrust blocks is adopted, so that the annular components are pre-clamped, the annular components are automatically and centrally positioned in the pre-clamping process, namely, the thrust blocks are moved along the axial direction, so that the clamping jaws move simultaneously and oppositely, and as the conical holes are collinear with the central axes of the through holes, the central positioning (namely, the central axes of the annular components are collinear with the central axes of the through holes and the conical holes) of the annular components is finished, the positioning and calibration time is saved, and the processing efficiency before welding is improved.
According to the radial clamping tool, the composite structure of the multi-channel positioning shallow grooves and the micro taper structure is arranged on the inner surface of the clamping claw, firstly, the positioning shallow grooves are used for positioning the annular member and fibers, so that the problems of sliding, twisting deformation, radial runout and the like of the annular member with small width and large thickness in the axial direction of the tool in the friction welding process are avoided, and the positioning precision of the multi-channel welding seam is ensured; secondly, through the matching of the micro taper structure of the inner wall of the clamping claw, the taper structure of the outer wall of the clamping claw and the running direction of the thrust block, the uniform stress on the surface of the annular member in the welding process is realized, and the uniformity and consistency of the organization and performance of the multi-path welding seam are ensured, so that the synchronous, high-precision and high-strength welding of the multi-path welding seam is realized; and thirdly, the installation and the positioning of multiple welding seams are convenient, so that the welding efficiency is improved, the welding process is saved, and the welding cost is reduced.
In addition, compared with a wide-weld radial friction welding process, the multi-weld uniform welding process adopting the radial clamping tool has the advantages that the welding area is obviously reduced, the friction torque is reduced, the defects of non-welding caused by clamping slipping in the welding process and the like are reduced, the welding quality and the welding qualification rate are effectively improved, and the uniformity of the weld structure performance is ensured; compared with single-weld and multiple-weld processes, the application has the advantages of greatly improved welding efficiency, low production cost and convenient operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radial clamping tool in an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a in fig. 1.
Wherein, 100, shaft/tube type member; 200. an annular member; 10. positioning a base; 11. a through hole; 12. moving the chute; 13. a spring; 20. clamping jaws; 21. positioning shallow grooves; 22. sliding the clamping block; 30. a thrust block; 31. tapered holes.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-2, a radial clamping tool for multi-weld uniform welding is characterized in that: the welding device comprises a positioning base 10, a clamping claw 20 and a thrust block 30, wherein a through hole 11 is formed in the middle of the positioning base 10, and the diameter of the through hole 11 is larger than the outer diameter of an annular member 200 to be welded; the side of one side of the positioning base 10 and evenly set up a plurality of clamping claws 20 around the central axis of the through hole 11 (the number of the clamping claws 20 is set according to actual conditions, generally 6 to 12), the clamping claws 20 are in sliding connection with the positioning base 10, specifically: the positioning base 10 is close to one side surface of the clamping claw 20, the corresponding clamping claws 20 are respectively provided with a movable chute 12 (as shown in fig. 2, the lengths of the movable chute 12 are set according to practical situations, the embodiment is not excessively limited), the clamping claws 20 are close to one side surface of the positioning base 10, the corresponding movable chute 12 is provided with a sliding clamping block 22, the sliding clamping blocks 22 are clamped in the corresponding movable chute 12, and the outer walls of the sliding clamping blocks 22 are in sliding connection with the side walls of the corresponding movable chute 12, so that the sliding connection between the clamping claws 20 and the positioning base 10 is realized; the side surface of the sliding clamping block 22, which is close to the through hole 11, and the side surface of the sliding clamping block, which is far away from the through hole 11 (namely, the upper side surface and the lower side surface shown in fig. 2) are respectively connected with the corresponding side wall of the movable chute 12 through the springs 13, so that the clamping claw 20 is convenient to open after welding and the welded part is convenient to take out, and the elastic buffering is provided in the clamping process, so that the pressure loss of the welded part is avoided.
The outer wall of the clamping jaw 20 is provided with a conical structure with gradually reduced outer diameter from the direction close to the positioning base 10 to the direction far away from the positioning base 10 (namely from left to right as shown in fig. 1), and the taper of the conical structure is 20-70 degrees (generally any one of 30 degrees, 45 degrees or 60 degrees); the inner wall of the clamping jaw 20 is a micro taper structure with gradually increased outer diameter in the direction away from the positioning base 10 (i.e. the left-to-right direction shown in fig. 1), the taper R of the micro taper structure is 0.5-1 °, a plurality of positioning shallow grooves 21 are sequentially processed on the inner wall of the clamping jaw 20 along the axial line (i.e. the central axis direction of the through hole 11) direction of the clamping jaw 20, and the number of the positioning shallow grooves 21 (i.e. the positioning shallow grooves 21 sequentially arranged on the same clamping jaw 20) is 2-5 (note that the number of the positioning shallow grooves 21 is consistent with the number of the annular members 200 processed on the surface of the shaft/pipe member 100, as shown in fig. 1, the number of the annular members 200 in the embodiment is 3, and the number of the positioning shallow grooves 21 opened on the same clamping jaw 20 is also 3); the depth of the positioning shallow groove 21 is 1-2 mm, and the width thereof is identical to the width of the annular member 200 to be welded.
The thrust block 30 is disposed at one end of the clamping jaw 20 away from the positioning base 10, a tapered hole 31 coaxial with the through hole 11 is formed in the middle of the thrust block 30, the taper of the tapered hole 31 is consistent with the taper of the outer wall of the clamping jaw 20 (as shown in fig. 1, that is, the tapered hole 31 gradually decreases from left to right, and the taper of the tapered hole is 20-70 °, preferably any one of 30 °, 45 ° or 60 °) and the inner wall of the tapered hole 31 is respectively in sliding connection with the corresponding outer wall of the clamping jaw 20.
Example 2:
a radial friction welding method for uniformly welding multiple welding seams adopts the radial clamping tool as described in the embodiment 1, and is characterized in that:
aiming at a steel ring with the outer diameter of phi 50mm, the width of 3mm and the wall thickness of 4mm and a 30CrMoSi steel rod with the outer diameter of phi 41mm, 5 steel rings are required to be welded on the surface of one 30CrMoSi steel rod;
comprising the following steps:
s01, firstly, machining radial clamping tools according to the number and the size of annular components 200 to be friction welded, wherein the number of positioning shallow grooves 21 on the same clamping claw 20 of the radial clamping tools is 5, the groove depth is 1mm, the width is 3mm, the taper R of a micro taper structure is 0.5 degrees, and the radial clamping tools are prepared from 40Cr medium carbon quenched and tempered steel materials; meanwhile, according to the size of the shaft/pipe member 100 to be welded, a rotary clamping tool is machined, and the rotary clamping tool is an external clamping type elastic clamping tool (the specific structure of the rotary clamping tool is not limited in the embodiment, and the rotary clamping tool is a common external clamping type elastic clamping tool structure in the field) and is prepared from a 40CrNiMo material.
S02, machining the annular member 200 to be welded and the blank of the shaft/pipe member 100 respectively to enable the annular member and the blank to be welded to meet the welding size, performing rust removal and deburring on the to-be-welded part by adopting sand paper, and removing greasy dirt on the to-be-welded part by adopting ethyl acetate.
S03, then, mounting the radial clamping tool processed in the step S01 on a movable sliding table for friction welding, wherein the radial clamping tool is mounted in the following manner: the positioning base 10 is fixedly arranged on a movable sliding table of the friction welding machine, the thrust block 30 and the movable sliding table of the friction welding machine slide relatively, and one end, far away from the clamping jaw 20, of the thrust block 30 is fixedly connected with the thrust output end of an oil cylinder of the friction welding machine. And (3) installing the rotary clamping tool processed in the step (S01) on a friction welding main shaft, wherein the rotary clamping tool and the main shaft central axis of the friction welding machine are arranged in a collinear manner.
Clamping the annular component 200 to be welded by using a radial clamping tool, clamping the shaft/pipe component 100 to be welded by using a rotary clamping tool, and pre-clamping the shaft/pipe component; the width of the shaft/pipe member 100 to be welded clamped by the rotary clamping tool is 120mm.
S04, setting friction welding parameters at the friction welding control panel, wherein the friction welding parameters specifically comprise: the friction rotation speed is 3000r/min, the friction pressure is 2MPa, the upsetting rotation speed is 1500r/min, and the upsetting pressure is 4MPa; starting a friction welding machine, clamping a 30CrMoSi steel rod by a rotary clamping tool, clamping a steel ring by a radial pressurizing tool, tightly contacting the welding surface of the 30CrMoSi steel rod with the welding surface of the steel ring under the action of radial pressure (namely under the action of starting of an oil cylinder and the thrust of a thrust block 30), when the main shaft of the friction welding machine starts to rotate and rise to the main shaft rotating speed of 3000r/min, contacting and rubbing the front end of the welding surface of the 30CrMoSi steel rod with the steel ring under the action of 2MPa axial friction force, and along with the softening and radial pressurizing of metal, gradually rubbing and heating of metal at the rear end of the welding surface, so that the whole welding surface is in a thermoplastic state, and along with the reduction of the main shaft rotating speed to 1500r/min, the upsetting of the steel ring clamped in the radial pressurizing tool is subjected to upsetting under the action of the radial upsetting pressure of 4MPa, and maintaining pressure, so that synchronous radial friction welding of the 5 steel rings and the 30CrMoSi steel rod is completed.
And S05, finally, respectively loosening the radial clamping tool and the rotary clamping tool, and taking down the welding piece to finish friction welding.
After the welding piece is taken down, the shearing strength test is carried out on the steel bar after radial friction welding, and the test shows that: the shear strength of the steel ring of the 5-pass welding seam and the shear strength of the 30CrMoSi steel bar alloy joint are 512MPa, 508MPa, 521MPa, 518MPa and 507MPa respectively, and the shear strength change rate is 1.6%.
Example 3:
a radial friction welding method for uniformly welding multiple welding seams adopts the radial clamping tool as described in the embodiment 1, and is characterized in that:
2 steel rings are welded on the surface of one 30CrMoSi steel pipe aiming at the steel rings with the outer diameter phi 185mm, the width 15mm and the wall thickness 12mm and the 30CrMoSi steel pipe with the outer diameter phi 160mm and the wall thickness 15 mm;
comprising the following steps:
s01, firstly, machining radial clamping tools according to the number and the size of annular components 200 to be friction welded, wherein the number of positioning shallow grooves 21 on the same clamping claw 20 of the radial clamping tools is 2, the groove depth is 2mm, the width is 15mm, the taper R of a micro taper structure is 1 degree, and the radial clamping tools are prepared from 40Cr medium-carbon quenched and tempered steel materials; meanwhile, according to the size of the shaft/pipe member 100 to be welded, a rotary clamping tool is machined, and the rotary clamping tool is an external clamping type elastic clamping tool (the specific structure of the rotary clamping tool is not limited in the embodiment, and the rotary clamping tool is a common external clamping type elastic clamping tool structure in the field) and is prepared from 40Cr medium-carbon quenched and tempered steel materials.
S02, machining the annular member 200 to be welded and the blank of the shaft/pipe member 100 respectively to enable the annular member and the blank to be welded to meet the welding size, performing rust removal and deburring on the to-be-welded part by adopting sand paper, and removing greasy dirt on the to-be-welded part by adopting ethyl acetate.
S03, then, mounting the radial clamping tool processed in the step S01 on a movable sliding table for friction welding, wherein the radial clamping tool is mounted in the following manner: the positioning base 10 is fixedly arranged on a movable sliding table of the friction welding machine, the thrust block 30 and the movable sliding table of the friction welding machine slide relatively, and one end, far away from the clamping jaw 20, of the thrust block 30 is fixedly connected with the thrust output end of an oil cylinder of the friction welding machine. And (3) installing the rotary clamping tool processed in the step (S01) on a friction welding main shaft, wherein the rotary clamping tool and the main shaft central axis of the friction welding machine are arranged in a collinear manner.
Clamping the annular component 200 to be welded by using a radial clamping tool, clamping the shaft/pipe component 100 to be welded by using a rotary clamping tool, and pre-clamping the shaft/pipe component; the width of the shaft/pipe member 100 to be welded clamped by the rotary clamping tool is 90mm.
S04, setting friction welding parameters at the friction welding control panel, wherein the friction welding parameters specifically comprise: the friction rotation speed is 1000r/min, the friction pressure is 8MPa, the upsetting rotation speed is 500r/min, and the upsetting pressure is 15MPa; starting a friction welding machine, clamping a 30CrMoSi steel pipe by a rotary clamping tool, clamping a steel ring by a radial pressurizing tool, tightly contacting the welding surface of the 30CrMoSi steel pipe with the welding surface of the steel ring under the action of radial pressure (namely under the action of starting of an oil cylinder and the thrust of a thrust block 30), and when the main shaft of the friction welding machine starts to rotate and rise to the main shaft rotating speed of 1000r/min, contacting and rubbing the front end of the welding surface of the 30CrMoSi steel pipe with the steel ring under the action of 8MPa axial friction force, and gradually rubbing and heating the metal at the rear end of the welding surface along with the softening and radial pressurizing of the metal, so that the whole welding surface is in a thermoplastic state, and when the main shaft rotating speed is reduced to the upsetting rotating speed of 500r/min, the steel ring clamped in the radial pressurizing tool generates upsetting brake under the action of 15MPa radial upsetting pressure, and maintaining pressure, thereby completing the synchronous radial friction welding of the 2-channel steel ring and the 30CrMoSi steel pipe.
And S05, finally, respectively loosening the radial clamping tool and the rotary clamping tool, and taking down the welding piece to finish friction welding.
After the welding piece is taken down, the shearing strength test is carried out on the steel pipe subjected to radial friction welding, and the test shows that: the shearing strength of the steel ring of the 2-pass welding seam and the shearing strength of the 30CrMoSi steel pipe alloy joint are 525MPa and 504MPa respectively, and the shearing strength change rate is 2%.

Claims (8)

1. Radial clamping tool for uniformly welding multiple welding seams, and is characterized in that: the welding device comprises a positioning base, clamping claws and a thrust block, wherein a through hole is formed in the middle of the positioning base, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of an annular member to be welded; a plurality of clamping claws are uniformly arranged on one side surface of the positioning base and around the central axis of the through hole, and are in sliding connection with the positioning base; the outer wall of the clamping claw is of a conical structure with gradually reduced outer diameter from the direction close to the positioning base to the direction far from the positioning base, the inner wall of the clamping claw is of a micro-conical structure with gradually increased outer diameter from the direction close to the positioning base to the direction far from the positioning base, and a plurality of positioning shallow grooves are sequentially processed on the inner wall of the clamping claw along the axial direction of the clamping claw; the thrust piece sets up the tapered hole coaxial with the through-hole in the middle part of the one end that the clamping jaw kept away from the locating base and thrust piece, and the tapering of tapered hole is unanimous with clamping jaw outer wall tapering and the downthehole wall sliding connection of tapered hole respectively with corresponding clamping jaw outer wall.
2. The radial clamping tool for uniform welding of multiple welds according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning base is close to one side face of the clamping claw and corresponds to the clamping claw, the clamping claw is close to one side face of the positioning base and corresponds to the moving chute, a sliding clamping block is arranged on the corresponding moving chute, and the outer wall of the sliding clamping block is connected with the side wall of the corresponding moving chute in a sliding mode.
3. The radial clamping tool for multi-weld uniform welding according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the side face of the sliding clamping block, which is close to the through hole, and the side face of the sliding clamping block, which is far away from the through hole, are respectively connected with the corresponding side wall of the movable chute through springs.
4. A radial clamping fixture for multi-weld uniform welding according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the taper of the micro taper structure is 0.5-1 degrees.
5. A radial clamping fixture for multi-weld uniform welding according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the number of the positioning shallow grooves is 2-5; the depth of the positioning shallow groove is 1-2 mm, and the width of the positioning shallow groove is consistent with the width of the annular component to be welded.
6. A radial friction welding method employing the radial clamping tooling of any one of claims 1-5, characterized by: comprising the following steps:
s01, firstly, machining a radial clamping tool according to the number and the size of annular components to be friction welded; simultaneously, according to the size of the shaft/pipe components to be welded, a rotary clamping tool is processed;
s02, respectively machining annular components to be welded and shaft/pipe component blanks to enable the annular components to be welded and the shaft/pipe component blanks to conform to welding sizes, and sequentially performing iron rust removal, burr removal and oil stain removal on machined parts to be welded;
s03, then, mounting the radial clamping tool processed in the step S01 on a movable sliding table for friction welding, mounting the rotary clamping tool processed in the step S01 on a main shaft for friction welding, respectively clamping an annular member to be welded by using the radial clamping tool, clamping a shaft/pipe member to be welded by using the rotary clamping tool, and respectively pre-clamping;
s04, setting friction welding parameters at a friction welding control panel, and starting a friction welding machine to finish a welding procedure of simultaneously friction welding and upsetting and pressure maintaining between a plurality of annular components and shaft/pipe components;
and S05, finally, respectively loosening the radial clamping tool and the rotary clamping tool, and taking down the welding piece to finish friction welding.
7. A radial friction welding method according to claim 6, wherein: the outer diameter of the shaft/pipe component to be welded is phi 41 mm-phi 160mm; the outer diameter of the annular component to be welded is phi 50 mm-phi 185mm, the width is 3-15 mm, and the wall thickness is 4-12 mm.
8. A radial friction welding method according to claim 6, wherein: the welding parameters of the friction welding machine are as follows: the friction rotation speed is 1000 r/min-3000 r/min, the friction pressure is 2 MPa-8 MPa, the upsetting rotation speed is 500 r/min-1500 r/min, and the upsetting pressure is 4 MPa-15 MPa.
CN202310924644.9A 2023-07-26 2023-07-26 Radial clamping tool for uniform welding of multiple welding seams Pending CN116871658A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310924644.9A CN116871658A (en) 2023-07-26 2023-07-26 Radial clamping tool for uniform welding of multiple welding seams

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310924644.9A CN116871658A (en) 2023-07-26 2023-07-26 Radial clamping tool for uniform welding of multiple welding seams

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN116871658A true CN116871658A (en) 2023-10-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310924644.9A Pending CN116871658A (en) 2023-07-26 2023-07-26 Radial clamping tool for uniform welding of multiple welding seams

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