CN110193700A - A kind of welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member - Google Patents
A kind of welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member Download PDFInfo
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- CN110193700A CN110193700A CN201910497724.4A CN201910497724A CN110193700A CN 110193700 A CN110193700 A CN 110193700A CN 201910497724 A CN201910497724 A CN 201910497724A CN 110193700 A CN110193700 A CN 110193700A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/047—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work moving work to adjust its position between soldering, welding or cutting steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/053—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work aligning cylindrical work; Clamping devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member, and step is followed successively by the design of welding tooling and manufacture, ring metalloid part blank and axis/tubing metalwork shallow slot processing, ring metalloid part blank and axis/tubing metalwork clamping, ring metalloid part blank and axis/tubing metalwork pressurization radial direction friction welding, unloads component and obtain weldment.The method that the present invention uses is easily achieved low rotor inertia, high-revolving welding manner, it is ensured that welding quality stable is reliable.Compared with existing fusion welding method, the method welding efficiency is high, and postwelding connector is not necessarily to be heat-treated, high production efficiency, and production cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Solid-State Welding technical field more particularly to a kind of welding sides of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member
Method.
Background technique
The copper and its metal strengths such as alloy, aluminium and its alloy, low-alloy steel are low, hardness is low and good percentage elongation, hardness of steel is high,
Plasticity is good, realizes the combination of ring/axis (pipe) two kinds of dissimilar metals of class, can meet the requirement of certain specific functions.For example, copper
With rings/axis (pipe) the class dissimilar metal revolving body member such as steel, aluminium and steel, low-alloy steel and steel aerospace, weapons, ship,
The military and civilian goods such as petrochemical industry field is widely applied.
In ring/axis (pipe) class dissimilar metal revolving body member manufacturing process, the key technology difficulty solved is considered
It is how to realize the high-strength efficient connection of two kinds of dissimilar metals.Since minor diameter ring/axis (pipe) class component is circumferential lap joint,
In addition two kinds of dissimilar metal physical mechanical properties are widely different, the high energy beams such as Laser Welding, electron beam welding Welding is only to ring two sides
Face weld seam is easy welding, and larger to welding difficulty in position among ring, and weld strength is also difficult to ensure；The tradition such as arc surfacing is molten
Welding technology is easy to produce crackle, stomata etc. and the metallurgical related welding defect of solidification, and welding quality consistency control difficulty is big, raw
It is lower to produce efficiency, is not able to satisfy the requirement of the high-quality and efficient connection of ring/axis (pipe) class dissimilar metal revolving body member.
Using solid phase welding technology such as radial direction friction welding, postwelding connector is hot forging fine grained texture, the welding such as flawless, stomata
Defect, welding process is easy to automate, is to realize the high-quality height of rings/axis (pipe) class dissimilar metal revolving body member such as copper/steel
Imitate one of the effective ways of connection.Currently, ring/axis (pipe) the class dissimilar metal revolving body member of diameter greater than 100mm uses steel
Axis (pipe) is static, other becket rotary pressers dynamic pressurization radial friction Weldings, generallys use high moment of inertia, low turn
The welding manner of the strong weld specification of fast, big upset, Lai Shixian copper/steel etc. rings/axis (pipe) class dissimilar metal revolving body member are excellent
Matter efficiently connects, for example, dynamic pressurization radial friction postwelding H96 copper reaches with 35CrMoSi steel dissimilar metal joint shear strength
180MPa or more, welded rate reach 99% or more.Diameter is less than ring/axis (pipe) class dissimilar metal revolving body member of 100mm, if
Cause friction welding linear velocity small since its diameter is small using the dynamic pressurization friction welding technological of the slow-speed of revolution, unit area welds energy
Amount input is insufficient, it is also difficult to meet the requirement of welding quality.Therefore, it is necessary to which it is reliable, raw to develop a kind of welding quality stable
The welding method of ring/axis (pipe) the class dissimilar metal revolving body member of high-efficient diameter less than 100mm is produced, is ring/axis (pipe)
The rapid development of class dissimilar metal revolving body member provides new technology approach.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member, the welding methods
Have many advantages, such as easily to realize that On-line Control, high production efficiency, welding quality stable are reliable.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member, wherein the minor diameter is that diameter is less than 100mm,
It is characterized in that, it through the following steps that carry out:
A, it is less than the ring metalloid part and axis/tubing metalwork structure size of 100mm according to diameter, processing can distinguish
The radial pressurization tooling and axis/tubing metalwork rotation clamping tooling of holding ring metalloid part；
B, it treats weld-ring metalloid part blank and axis/tubing metalwork blank is machined, wherein in axis/tubing gold
The position while welding for belonging to part processes shallow slot, and carries out iron rust, deburring, degreasing to ring metalloid part, axis/tubing metalwork
Processing；
C, the tooling difference holding ring metalloid part and axis/tubing metalwork processed using above-mentioned steps, wherein rotation
Clamping tooling is mounted on inertial radial friction owner's axis, and radial tooling of pressurizeing is mounted on the Mobile Slide of inertial radial friction machine
On；
D, the rotary flyweights with certain rotary inertia are mounted on inertial radial friction owner's axis, while to inertia diameter
Welding parameter setting is carried out to rubbing machine, opens inertial radial friction machine, ring metalloid part and axis/tubing metal are completed in pressure maintaining
The quiet pressurization radial friction welding of part；
E, rotation clamping tooling is opened, Mobile Slide unclamps radial pressurization tooling, removes welding after retreating to designated position
Part；The designated position is position or the Mobile Slide initial position convenient for removing weldment.
Further, ring metalloid part described in the step A is the ring metalloid part with plasticity；The radial direction pressure H
Dress is fixed ring metalloid part and radial pressurization using having such as similar structures in 102744515 A patent of publication number CN
Function；The rotation clamping tooling is collet structure, and the collet contacts collet in Mobile Slide and bores
The lower inwardly tightening of the radial force effect that face generates, to clamp axis/tubing metalwork, it is ensured that in rotary course axis/tubing gold
Belong to part and keeps opposing stationary with tooling.
Further, position while welding described in the step B is axis/tubing metalwork outer surface and ring metalloid part inner surface
Contact interface；The shallow slot is the ring shaped slot processed at the position while welding of axis/tubing metalwork outer surface, at shallow slot both ends
It is provided with chamfering；The depth of the shallow slot is 0.2mm~1mm, and width is 5mm~40mm.
Further, the chamfering is 1mm~2mm, and angle is 45 °.
Inventor has found that axis/tubing metalwork surface is smooth during the test, if directly starting to weld, ring metalloid
Part the big radial force the effects of under easy vibration, lead to poor welding quality；If opening deep trouth, it is most of to will lead to entire ring metalloid part
Or be entirely embedded in axis/tubing dissimilar metal metalwork slot, the impurity such as weld interface oxide cannot exclude in time, same meeting
There is the case where poor welding quality.The present invention is using the insertion welding of specific shallow slot, it is ensured that ring metalloid part and axis (pipe) metal
The welding precision of part also can increase the bonding area between dissimilar metal, further increase weld seam shear strength, realize welding quality
It is reliable and stable.
Further, the outer diameter of ring metalloid part blank described in the step B is 30mm~100mm, the axis/tubing gold
Category part blank diameter is 20mm~80mm；And the ring metalloid part blank internal diameter is than the axis/tubing metalwork blank outer diameter
Big 1mm~1.5mm.
Further, inertial radial friction machine model 30T described in the step C, radial maximum grip power are
300kN。
Further, the rotary inertia of rotary flyweights described in the step D is 0.6kgm2~3kgm2；The welding
Parameter be set as friction revolving speed 2000r/min~3200r/min, friction pressure 4MPa~15MPa, upset revolving speed 750r/min~
1500r/min, upsetting force 6MPa~20MPa.
Further, quiet pressurization radial friction welding described in the step D is followed described using the axis/tubing metalwork
Rotary flyweights rotation, the ring metalloid part do not rotate the technique radially pressurizeed.
The present invention has the following technical effect that:
Present invention employs shallow slot insertion+quiet pressurization radial direction friction welding combination process, axis/tubing metalwork rotation, ring classes
The quiet pressurization radial friction Welding of metalwork not rotary presser is easily achieved low rotor inertia, high-revolving welding manner, really
Protect welding quality.Welding precision can be improved by opening shallow slot on axis/tubing metalwork simultaneously, also can increase the welding between dissimilar metal
Area can further increase weld seam shear strength, realize that welding quality stable is reliable.Compared with existing fusion welding method, shallow slot is embedding
Enter+quiet pressurization radial direction friction welding combination process high degree of automation, welding efficiency is up to 40/h or more, and postwelding connector is not necessarily to
Heat treatment, high production efficiency, production cost are low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is position while welding and shallow slot position schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that clamping tooling schematic diagram is rotated in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the quiet pressurization radial direction friction welding connector section shape of 40mm copper ring and diameter 30mm steel shaft in the embodiment of the present invention
Looks.
Fig. 5 is the microscopic structure of the quiet pressurization radial direction friction welding rear joint of copper ring/30CrMoSi axis in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 be steel shaft outer diameter is 80mm in the embodiment of the present invention component radial direction friction welding connector Ultrasonic C-Scan without
Damage test map.
Wherein, 1, steel shaft；2, copper ring；3, shallow slot；4, position while welding；5, the conical surface is contacted.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is explicitly described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention
A part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
For the radial friction welding of outer diameter 30mm copper ring 2 and diameter 20mm steel shaft 1:
1, according to the structure size of copper ring 2 and steel shaft 1, circle is processed using carbon quenched and tempered steel in 40CrNiMo, 40Cr respectively
The radial pressurization tooling and rotation clamping tooling of shape inner conical surface thrust nested structure；Wherein, radial pressurization tooling uses such as publication number
Similar structures in 102744515 A patent of CN have to the function that copper ring 2 is fixed and pressurizes；With collet structure
Rotation clamping tooling as shown in figure 3, under Mobile Slide oil cylinder pulling force effect, cone is contacted with collet by Mobile Slide
Face 5 converts oil cylinder pulling force to the axial force F 1 acted on the collet contact conical surface 5 and radial force F2, especially in radial direction
Under power F2 effect, collet inwardly reduces on the direction radial force F2, and internal diameter becomes smaller, stable holding axis/tubing metalwork, really
It protects and keeps opposing stationary with tooling in rotary course axis/tubing metalwork.
2, selective annealing state T2 red copper ring 2 and quenched and tempered state 30CrMnSi steel shaft 1 are used as weldment, and the copper ring blank selected
Internal diameter is 1mm~1.5mm bigger than steel shaft blank outer diameter, treats outer diameter, internal diameter and the width of bit copper ring 2 and outer diameter, the steel of steel shaft 1
43 depth and width equidimension of shallow slot is machined at position while welding on axis 1, as shown in Fig. 2, 3 chamfering of shallow slot is 1mm
~2mm, angle be 45 °, depth 0.2mm, width 5mm, dimensional accuracy≤± 0.05mm；With sand paper to copper ring 2, steel shaft
1 position to be welded of shallow slot 3 carries out iron rust and deburring processing, at ethyl acetate removal copper ring 2, the position to be welded of steel shaft 1
Greasy dirt.
3, copper ring and steel shaft are clamped using the tooling that above-mentioned steps process respectively, wherein rotation clamping tooling is mounted on
On inertial radial friction owner's axis, radial tooling of pressurizeing is mounted on the Mobile Slide of inertial radial friction machine；Wherein rotating clamp
Holding the pre- clamping force that tooling acts in steel shaft 1 to be welded is 0.5MPa, and radial pressure H is pretended with the pre- chuck force on copper ring 2
For 0.3MPa.
It 4, is 0.6kgm by rotary inertia2Flywheel on the radial direction friction welding owner axis；In radial friction welding machine
Parameter setting, friction the revolving speed 3200r/min, friction pressure 4MPa, upset revolving speed 1500r/ of setting are carried out in control interface
Min, upsetting force 6MPa.Open radial friction welding machine, Mobile Slide under the effect of axial master cylinder after first F.F. work by diameter
Copper ring 2 into pressurization tooling is moved to the position to be welded of steel shaft 1, and welding machine main shaft starts to rotate raising speed, rotate in clamping tooling
Steel shaft 1 rotate with, when main shaft raising speed is to speed of mainshaft 3200r/min, copper ring 2 to be welded is in the tooling 4MPa diameter that radially pressurizes
To friction pressure act on it is lower generate passive radial contraction distortion, and with 1 shallow slot of steel shaft, 3 appearance face contact and phase mutual friction, flywheel,
The kinetic energy of main shaft and rotation clamping tooling, which is transformed into frictional heat, makes welding surface be in hot plastic state, with flywheel, main shaft and rotation
Turn the consumption of the kinetic energy of clamping tooling, when the speed of mainshaft drops to 1500r/min upset revolving speed, is clamped in radial pressurization tooling
Copper ring 2 upset brake is generated under the effect of 6MPa radial direction upsetting force, pressure maintaining, completes copper ring 2 and steel shaft 1 quiet pressurization radial direction is rubbed
Wipe weldering.
5, rotation clamping tooling is opened, Mobile Slide unclamps radial pressurization tooling, removes welding after retreating to designated position
Part.
Embodiment 2:
For the radial friction welding of outer diameter 45mm copper ring 2 and diameter 35mm steel shaft 1:
1, according to the structure size of copper ring 2 and steel shaft 1, circle is processed using carbon quenched and tempered steel in 40CrNiMo, 40Cr respectively
The radial pressurization tooling and rotation clamping tooling of shape inner conical surface thrust nested structure；Wherein, radial pressurization tooling uses such as publication number
Similar structures in 102744515 A patent of CN have to the function that copper ring 2 is fixed and pressurizes；With collet structure
Rotation clamping tooling as shown in figure 3, under Mobile Slide oil cylinder pulling force effect, cone is contacted with collet by Mobile Slide
Face 5 converts oil cylinder pulling force to the axial force F 1 acted on the collet contact conical surface 5 and radial force F2, especially in radial direction
Under power F2 effect, collet inwardly reduces on the direction radial force F2, and internal diameter becomes smaller, stable holding axis/tubing metalwork, really
It protects and keeps opposing stationary with tooling in rotary course axis/tubing metalwork.
2, selective annealing state T2 red copper ring 2 and quenched and tempered state 30CrMnSi steel shaft 1 are used as weldment, and the copper ring blank selected
Internal diameter is 1mm~1.5mm bigger than steel shaft blank outer diameter, treats outer diameter, internal diameter and the width of bit copper ring 2 and outer diameter, the steel of steel shaft 1
43 depth and width equidimension of shallow slot is machined at position while welding on axis 1, as shown in Fig. 2, 3 chamfering of shallow slot is 1mm
~2mm, angle be 45 °, depth 0.4mm, width 10mm, dimensional accuracy≤± 0.05mm；With sand paper to copper ring 2, steel
The position to be welded of shallow slot 3 of axis 1 carries out iron rust and deburring processing, removes copper ring 2, the position to be welded of steel shaft 1 using ethyl acetate
The greasy dirt at place.
3, copper ring and steel shaft are clamped using the tooling that above-mentioned steps process respectively, wherein rotation clamping tooling is mounted on
On inertial radial friction owner's axis, radial tooling of pressurizeing is mounted on the Mobile Slide of inertial radial friction machine；Wherein rotating clamp
Holding the pre- clamping force that tooling acts in steel shaft 1 to be welded is 0.6MPa, and radial pressure H is pretended with the pre- chuck force on copper ring 2
For 0.4MPa.
It 4, is 1.5kgm by rotary inertia2Flywheel on the radial direction friction welding owner axis；In radial friction welding machine
Parameter setting, friction the revolving speed 2800r/min, friction pressure 8MPa, upset revolving speed 1200r/ of setting are carried out in control interface
Min, upsetting force 14MPa.Open radial friction welding machine, Mobile Slide under the effect of axial master cylinder after first F.F. work into will
Copper ring 2 in radial pressurization tooling is moved to the position to be welded of steel shaft 1, and welding machine main shaft starts to rotate raising speed, rotates clamping tooling
In steel shaft 1 rotate with, when main shaft raising speed is to speed of mainshaft 2800r/min, copper ring 2 to be welded is in the tooling 8MPa that radially pressurizes
The effect of radial friction pressure is lower to generate passive radial contraction distortion, and with 1 shallow slot of steel shaft, 3 appearance face contact and phase mutual friction, fly
Wheel, main shaft and rotate the kinetic energy of clamping tooling and be transformed into frictional heat welding surface is made to be in hot plastic state, with flywheel, main shaft and
The consumption for rotating the kinetic energy of clamping tooling when the speed of mainshaft drops to 1200r/min upset revolving speed, is clamped in radial pressurization tooling
In copper ring 2 upset brake is generated under the effect of 14MPa radial direction upsetting force, copper ring 2 and the quiet pressurization diameter of steel shaft 1 are completed in pressure maintaining
To friction welding (FW).
5, rotation clamping tooling is opened, Mobile Slide unclamps radial pressurization tooling, removes welding after retreating to designated position
Part.
Embodiment 3:
For the radial friction welding of outer diameter 72mm copper ring 2 and diameter 60mm steel shaft 1:
1, according to the structure size of copper ring 2 and steel shaft 1, circle is processed using carbon quenched and tempered steel in 40CrNiMo, 40Cr respectively
The radial pressurization tooling and rotation clamping tooling of shape inner conical surface thrust nested structure；Wherein, radial pressurization tooling uses such as publication number
Similar structures in 102744515 A patent of CN have to the function that copper ring 2 is fixed and pressurizes；With collet structure
Rotation clamping tooling as shown in figure 3, under Mobile Slide oil cylinder pulling force effect, cone is contacted with collet by Mobile Slide
Face 5 converts oil cylinder pulling force to the axial force F 1 acted on the collet contact conical surface 5 and radial force F2, especially in radial direction
Under power F2 effect, collet inwardly reduces on the direction radial force F2, and internal diameter becomes smaller, stable holding axis/tubing metalwork, really
It protects and keeps opposing stationary with tooling in rotary course axis/tubing metalwork.
2, selective annealing state T2 red copper ring 2 and quenched and tempered state 30CrMnSi steel shaft 1 are used as weldment, and the copper ring blank selected
Internal diameter is 1mm~1.5mm bigger than steel shaft blank outer diameter, treats outer diameter, internal diameter and the width of bit copper ring 2 and outer diameter, the steel of steel shaft 1
43 depth and width equidimension of shallow slot is machined at position while welding on axis 1, as shown in Fig. 2, 3 chamfering of shallow slot is 1mm
~2mm, angle be 45 °, depth 0.6mm, width 30mm, dimensional accuracy≤± 0.05mm；With sand paper to copper ring 2, steel
The position to be welded of shallow slot 3 of axis 1 carries out iron rust and deburring processing, removes copper ring 2, the position to be welded of steel shaft 1 using ethyl acetate
The greasy dirt at place.
3, copper ring and steel shaft are clamped using the tooling that above-mentioned steps process respectively, wherein rotation clamping tooling is mounted on
On inertial radial friction owner's axis, radial tooling of pressurizeing is mounted on the Mobile Slide of inertial radial friction machine；Wherein rotating clamp
Holding the pre- clamping force that tooling acts in steel shaft 1 to be welded is 0.8MPa, and radial pressure H is pretended with the pre- chuck force on copper ring 2
For 0.5MPa.
It 4, is 2kgm by rotary inertia2Flywheel on the radial direction friction welding owner axis；In the control of radial friction welding machine
Carry out parameter setting on interface processed, friction revolving speed 2400r/min, friction pressure 10MPa, the upset revolving speed 1000r/min of setting,
Upsetting force 16MPa.Open radial friction welding machine, Mobile Slide under the effect of axial master cylinder after first F.F. work into will be radial
Copper ring 2 in pressurization tooling is moved to the position to be welded of steel shaft 1, and welding machine main shaft starts to rotate raising speed, rotate in clamping tooling
Steel shaft 1 rotates with, and when main shaft raising speed is to speed of mainshaft 2400r/min, copper ring 2 to be welded is in the tooling 10MPa diameter that radially pressurizes
To friction pressure act on it is lower generate passive radial contraction distortion, and with 1 shallow slot of steel shaft, 3 appearance face contact and phase mutual friction, flywheel,
The kinetic energy of main shaft and rotation clamping tooling, which is transformed into frictional heat, makes welding surface be in hot plastic state, with flywheel, main shaft and rotation
Turn the consumption of the kinetic energy of clamping tooling, when the speed of mainshaft drops to 1000r/min upset revolving speed, is clamped in radial pressurization tooling
Copper ring 2 16MPa radial direction upsetting force effect under generate upset brake, pressure maintaining, complete copper ring 2 and the quiet pressurization of steel shaft 1 radial direction
Friction welding (FW).
5, rotation clamping tooling is opened, Mobile Slide unclamps radial pressurization tooling, removes welding after retreating to designated position
Part.
Embodiment 4:
For the radial friction welding of outer diameter 100mm copper ring 2 and diameter 80mm steel shaft 1:
1, according to the structure size of copper ring 2 and steel shaft 1, circle is processed using carbon quenched and tempered steel in 40CrNiMo, 40Cr respectively
The radial pressurization tooling and rotation clamping tooling of shape inner conical surface thrust nested structure；Wherein, radial pressurization tooling uses such as publication number
Similar structures in 102744515 A patent of CN have to the function that copper ring 2 is fixed and pressurizes；With collet structure
Rotation clamping tooling as shown in figure 3, under Mobile Slide oil cylinder pulling force effect, cone is contacted with collet by Mobile Slide
Face 5 converts oil cylinder pulling force to the axial force F 1 acted on the collet contact conical surface 5 and radial force F2, especially in radial direction
Under power F2 effect, collet inwardly reduces on the direction radial force F2, and internal diameter becomes smaller, stable holding axis/tubing metalwork, really
It protects and keeps opposing stationary with tooling in rotary course axis/tubing metalwork.
2, selective annealing state T2 red copper ring 2 and quenched and tempered state 30CrMnSi steel shaft 1 are used as weldment, and the copper ring blank selected
Internal diameter is 1mm~1.5mm bigger than steel shaft blank outer diameter, treats outer diameter, internal diameter and the width of bit copper ring 2 and outer diameter, the steel of steel shaft 1
43 depth and width equidimension of shallow slot is machined at position while welding on axis 1, as shown in Fig. 2, 3 chamfering of shallow slot is 1mm
~2mm, angle be 45 °, depth 1mm, width 40mm, dimensional accuracy≤± 0.05mm；With sand paper to copper ring 2, steel shaft 1
The position to be welded of shallow slot 3 carry out iron rust and deburring processing, using ethyl acetate removal copper ring 2, at the position to be welded of steel shaft 1
Greasy dirt.
3, copper ring and steel shaft are clamped using the tooling that above-mentioned steps process respectively, wherein rotation clamping tooling is mounted on
On inertial radial friction owner's axis, radial tooling of pressurizeing is mounted on the Mobile Slide of inertial radial friction machine；Wherein rotating clamp
Holding pre- clamping force that tooling acts in steel shaft 1 to be welded is 1MPa, radial pressure H pretend be with the pre- chuck force on copper ring 2
0.6MPa。
It 4, is 2kgm by rotary inertia2Flywheel on the radial direction friction welding owner axis；In the control of radial friction welding machine
Carry out parameter setting on interface processed, friction revolving speed 2000r/min, friction pressure 15MPa, the upset revolving speed 750r/min of setting,
Upsetting force 20MPa.Open radial friction welding machine, Mobile Slide under the effect of axial master cylinder after first F.F. work into will be radial
Copper ring 2 in pressurization tooling is moved to the position to be welded of steel shaft 1, and welding machine main shaft starts to rotate raising speed, rotate in clamping tooling
Steel shaft 1 rotates with, and when main shaft raising speed is to speed of mainshaft 2000r/min, copper ring 2 to be welded is in the tooling 15MPa diameter that radially pressurizes
To friction pressure act on it is lower generate passive radial contraction distortion, and with 1 shallow slot of steel shaft, 3 appearance face contact and phase mutual friction, flywheel,
The kinetic energy of main shaft and rotation clamping tooling, which is transformed into frictional heat, makes welding surface be in hot plastic state, with flywheel, main shaft and rotation
Turn the consumption of the kinetic energy of clamping tooling, when the speed of mainshaft drops to 750r/min upset revolving speed, is clamped in radial pressurization tooling
Copper ring 2 20MPa radial direction upsetting force effect under generate upset brake, pressure maintaining, complete copper ring 2 and the quiet pressurization of steel shaft 1 radial direction
Friction welding (FW).
5, rotation clamping tooling is opened, Mobile Slide unclamps radial pressurization tooling, removes welding after retreating to designated position
Part.
Selected ring metalloid part must have the superior plasticity as copper ring 1.
The online shearing sample for being cut into 3~5 2mm thickness of the radial direction friction welding connector that above-mentioned 4 groups of embodiments obtain carries out
Shear strength test, shear strength test data are listed in the following table.It can be seen that copper/steel dissimilar metal radial direction friction welding connector is flat
Equal shear strength >=235MPa.
| Specific embodiment number | The copper ring trade mark | Shear strength range (MPa) |
| Embodiment 1 | T2 | 245~260 |
| Embodiment 2 | T2 | 245~255 |
| Embodiment 3 | T2 | 235~250 |
| Embodiment 4 | T2 | 235~250 |
It is 80mm component radial direction friction welding connector Ultrasonic C-Scan non-destructive testing map such as Fig. 5 institute to 1 outer diameter of steel shaft
Show, testing result shows: the Weak links defect such as continuous incomplete fusion of discovery at overlap is welded in connector two sides, and in weld seam middle region
Domain (real work region) does not find the Weak links defect such as non-soldering, and welded rate reaches 99.5%, and welding quality is good.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member, wherein the minor diameter is that diameter is less than 100mm,
Be characterized in that, it through the following steps that carry out:
A, it is less than the ring metalloid part and axis/tubing metalwork structure size of 100mm according to diameter, process to clamp respectively
The radial pressurization tooling and axis/tubing metalwork rotation clamping tooling of ring metalloid part；
B, it treats weld-ring metalloid part blank and axis/tubing metalwork blank is machined, wherein in axis/tubing metalwork
Position while welding process shallow slot, and iron rust, deburring are carried out to ring metalloid part, axis/tubing metalwork, at degreasing
Reason；
C, the tooling difference holding ring metalloid part and axis/tubing metalwork processed using above-mentioned steps, wherein rotation clamping
Tooling is mounted on inertial radial friction owner's axis, and radial tooling of pressurizeing is mounted on the Mobile Slide of inertial radial friction machine；
D, the rotary flyweights with certain rotary inertia are mounted on inertial radial friction owner's axis, while rubbed to inertia radial direction
Wiping machine carries out welding parameter setting, opens inertial radial friction machine, and ring metalloid part and axis/tubing metalwork are completed in pressure maintaining
Quiet pressurization radial friction welding；
E, rotation clamping tooling is opened, Mobile Slide unclamps radial pressurization tooling, removes weldment after retreating to designated position.
2. the welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
Ring metalloid part described in rapid A is the ring metalloid part with plasticity；The rotation clamping tooling is collet structure.
3. the welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: institute
State the contact interface that position while welding described in step B is axis/tubing metalwork outer surface and ring metalloid part inner surface；It is described shallow
Slot (3) is the ring shaped slot processed at the position while welding (4) of axis/tubing metalwork outer surface, is provided with down at shallow slot (3) both ends
Angle.
4. the welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member according to claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that:
The outer diameter of ring metalloid part blank described in the step B is 30mm~100mm, and the axis/tubing metalwork blank diameter is
20mm~80mm；And the ring metalloid part blank internal diameter is 1mm~1.5mm bigger than the axis/tubing metalwork blank outer diameter.
5. the welding method of described in any item minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body members according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Inertial radial friction machine model 30T described in the step C, radial maximum grip power are 300kN.
6. the welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member according to claim 1-5, feature exist
In: the rotary inertia of rotary flyweights described in the step D is 0.6kg m2~3kg m2；The welding parameter is set as rubbing
Revolving speed 2000r/min~3200r/min, friction pressure 4MPa~15MPa, upset revolving speed 750r/min~1500r/min, upset
Pressure 6MPa~20MPa.
7. the welding method of minor diameter dissimilar metal revolving body member according to claim 1-6, feature exist
In: quiet pressurization radial friction welding described in the step D follows the rotary flyweights to revolve using the axis/tubing metalwork
Turn, the ring metalloid part does not rotate the technique radially pressurizeed.
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| CN111515520A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-08-11 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Synchronous axial welding method for variable-diameter multi-welding-surface revolving body component |
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| CN111843176A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-30 | 重庆普尔萨科技有限公司 | Radial friction welding method and device for dissimilar metals |
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| CN113814552A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-21 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | High-strength precise radial assembly welding method for heterogeneous alloy thick-wall pipe fitting |
| CN113770507A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-10 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | High-strength high-reliability sealing radial friction welding method for steel pipe fitting |
| CN113814552B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-12-23 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | High-strength precise radial assembly welding method for heterogeneous alloy thick-wall pipe fitting |
| CN114131174A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-04 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Friction welding method for thin-wall ring-ring composite member |
| CN114799481A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-29 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Friction welding method for medium-carbon alloy structural steel large-diameter pipe fitting |
| CN114799481B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-09-26 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Friction welding method for large-diameter pipe fitting of medium-carbon alloy structural steel |
| CN115026409A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-09 | 中国兵器装备集团西南技术工程研究所 | High-strength and high-toughness radial friction welding method for steel/aluminum heterogeneous difficult-to-weld alloy |
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