CN116857309A

CN116857309A - Rubber spring for bearing vertical large deformation load in long and narrow space

Info

Publication number: CN116857309A
Application number: CN202310925316.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 於珂睿; 李刚; 杨哲; 相世举; 李东阁; 刘晴美; 胡嘉亮; 林胜; 吴志峰; 段小乐
Original assignee: Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-26
Filing date: 2023-07-26
Publication date: 2023-10-10

Abstract

The rubber spring for bearing vertical large deformation load in long and narrow space includes annular core shaft, annular casing and rubber body vulcanized between the annular core shaft and the annular casing. The rubber spring disclosed by the application has the advantages that the mandrel, the outer sleeve and the rubber body are designed into the ring shape, so that the whole rubber spring can adapt to a long and narrow installation space. Compared with the prior art, the rubber spring has the advantages that the limited long and narrow space is fully utilized, and other auxiliary structures are not designed, so that the rubber body has a more sufficient vulcanization area in the limited space, and the volume of the rubber body can be maximized as much as possible, so that the rubber spring has a wider rigidity adjusting range and can bear vertical large deformation load.

Description

Rubber spring for bearing vertical large deformation load in long and narrow space

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of rail transit vehicle suspension, in particular to a rubber spring which is applied to a system suspension system and is used for bearing vertical large deformation load in a long and narrow space.

Background

In rail transit vehicles, in order to mitigate rail impact and vibration to the locomotive, improving component operational reliability and crew comfort, a damper and damper system, known as an axlebox suspension, is provided between the frame and the axle box, also known as a primary suspension. Axle box springs are typically constructed of steel springs or rubber springs to provide the desired vertical stiffness, while absorbing vibrations on the wheel track and vehicle is accomplished by providing damping through an externally coupled plurality of hydraulic shock absorbers. The rubber spring can replace a steel spring as a spring in a primary suspension system of the railway vehicle bogie, and the impact and vibration of the wheel transmission are relieved. The space in the primary suspension system is very limited, and particularly the space at the axle box for mounting the rubber spring is a long and narrow space, which puts higher demands on the structural design of the rubber spring.

By searching, the prior art discloses rubber spring technology literature applied to a primary suspension system. For example, the application patent with publication number of CN113685480A named composite conical rubber spring and its rigidity design method. The hydraulic damping mechanism is arranged in the conical rubber spring in a sealing way, generates dynamic damping along with the vertical bearing of the conical rubber spring, and provides dynamic stiffness for the conical rubber spring. The application fully plays the elastic supporting function of the rubber body in the conical rubber spring and the dynamic hardening function of the hydraulic damping mechanism, meets the requirement of the vertical rigidity lifting of the primary suspension system during high-speed running and heavy-load running, improves the running stability of the train, ensures that the dynamic change of the vertical rigidity of the composite dimensional rubber spring in the bearing process meets the rigidity changing requirement. The comparison document does not make a particularly optimal design of the application environment in the elongated space.

For example, the application patent with the publication number of CN115325097A is named as a rubber spring and a wheel set lifting device. The utility model discloses a rubber spring and two kinds of wheel pair hoisting accessory of using this kind of rubber spring, its main structure includes: a laminated spring body having a cavity therein; the base is used for fixing the bottom or the outer ring of the laminated spring body; the positioning pin member is fixed at the top or the inner ring of the laminated spring body and is connected with the vehicle framework or the locomotive wheelset; and the limiting member is arranged in the inner space of the laminated spring body and is arranged on the base, and is used for limiting the deformation of the rubber spring when the rubber spring bears load. The locating pin member is used for connecting the frame above the locating pin member to the locating seat when the locating pin member is used in the normal position, and is used for connecting the axle box of the locomotive wheelset below the locating pin member when the locating pin member is used in the inverted position. The reference uses a conical rubber spring, which is compact in design, but is not yet very suitable for long and narrow spaces.

For example, the application patent with publication number of CN111071278A named as vertical rigidity adjusting method and structure of primary suspension device. The vertical rigidity regulating structure of a primary suspension device comprises a base, a conical spring and a limit stop, wherein the conical spring comprises a rubber body and a mandrel, the lower end of a bogie is provided with a stop hole, the upper end of the mandrel is arranged in the stop hole of the bogie, and cavities are formed in the rubber body and the mandrel; two conical springs are arranged in the base side by side along the longitudinal direction, a limiting stop is arranged in a cavity of each conical spring, the limiting stop comprises a stop seat and a stop rod, and the stop rod is integrally formed above the stop seat; the axle box is provided with an axle box seat, the base is arranged in the axle box seat, and when the bogie moves relatively to the axle box in the vertical direction and the lower end of the mandrel and the stop seat are propped against each other in the vertical direction, the first suspension device can generate variable rigidity in the vertical direction. The comparison document adopts two conical rubber springs connected in parallel, but the structure of the conical spring body is still more complex, the volume or the gap of the rubber piece or the rigid piece which can only be compressed for space application is arranged in the long and narrow space, and the adjustment range of final rigidity is influenced.

Therefore, the rubber spring has important significance in the field of providing a rubber spring which is applied to a series of suspensions and can adapt to load of vertical large deformation in a long and narrow space.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a rubber spring for bearing vertical large deformation load in a long and narrow space, which aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and comprises an annular mandrel, an annular outer sleeve and a rubber body vulcanized between the annular mandrel and the annular outer sleeve, wherein the inner side wall of the annular outer sleeve and the outer side wall of the annular mandrel are inclined planes, and the rubber body is vulcanized between the inner side wall of the annular outer sleeve and the outer side wall of the annular mandrel.

Further, the rubber body is divided into a plurality of layers and vulcanized between the respective separators at intervals inside the rubber body.

Further, the rubber body is divided into three layers of rubber bodies by two layers of partition boards, wherein the inner side wall of the outermost rubber body and the inner side wall of the annular outer sleeve are vulcanized, the outer side wall of the innermost rubber body and the annular mandrel are vulcanized, and the middle rubber body and the partition boards are vulcanized.

Further, the two end profiles of the outermost rubber body and the middle rubber body are formed by transitional connection of a straight section L1 and an open cambered surface section R1.

Further, the upper end of the innermost rubber body is formed by transitional connection of a straight section L1 and an open cambered surface section R1, the lower end of the innermost rubber body is formed by transitional connection of an open cambered surface section R1 and a horizontal section L2, and the horizontal section L2 is vulcanized and enveloped at the bottom of the annular mandrel.

Further, the vulcanized surface of the rubber body and the annular outer sleeve is an inclined surface of the inner side wall of the whole annular outer sleeve.

Further, the top end of the annular outer sleeve is provided with a vertical side wall in transition connection with the inner side wall inclined plane, and the vulcanizing surface of the rubber body and the annular outer sleeve is the inner side wall inclined plane and the vertical side wall of the whole annular outer sleeve.

Further, the annular mandrel bottom area S1 and the duty cycle annular outer sleeve bottom area S2 are not less than 75%.

Further, the slope K1 of the inner side wall slope of the annular outer sleeve is between 4.5 and 5.5.

Further, the slope K2 of the inclined surface of the outer side wall of the annular mandrel is between 6.5 and 7.7.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the application has the following beneficial effects:

the rubber spring disclosed by the application has the advantages that the mandrel, the outer sleeve and the rubber body are designed into the ring shape, so that the whole rubber spring can adapt to a long and narrow installation space. Compared with the prior art, the rubber spring has the advantages that the limited long and narrow space is fully utilized, and other auxiliary structures are not designed, so that the rubber body has a more sufficient vulcanization area in the limited space, and the volume of the rubber body can be maximized as much as possible, so that the rubber spring has a wider rigidity adjusting range and can bear vertical large deformation load.

Drawings

Fig. 1: the cross-sectional view of the rubber spring provided by the embodiment;

fig. 2: the top view of the rubber spring is provided by the embodiment;

fig. 3: the rubber spring rubber body provided in this embodiment is partially schematic.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a rubber spring for carrying a vertical large deformation load in a long and narrow space comprises an annular mandrel 1, an annular outer sleeve 2 and a rubber body 3 vulcanized between the annular mandrel 1 and the annular outer sleeve 2, wherein the inner side wall of the annular outer sleeve 2 and the outer side wall of the annular mandrel 1 are inclined surfaces, and the rubber body 3 is vulcanized between the inner side wall of the annular outer sleeve 2 and the outer side wall of the annular mandrel 1. The core shaft and the outer sleeve of the rubber spring in the embodiment are designed to be annular, so as to adapt to the long and narrow installation space in the primary suspension system. The rubber body 3 vulcanized between the annular mandrel 1 and the annular outer jacket 2 is also annular in shape as a whole, and the rubber spring has no other auxiliary structure. Therefore, in a limited long and narrow space, the structural design is simple and easy to form, and more importantly, the vulcanization area of the rubber body 3 can be maximized, so that the annular mandrel 1, the annular outer sleeve 2 and the rubber body 3 can be connected more firmly, and the fatigue resistance and the load tolerance are better. Meanwhile, the volume of the rubber body 3 can be maximized as much as possible due to the simple structural design, so that the rubber spring has a wider stiffness adjusting range, and therefore, the linearization of the stiffness can be kept as much as possible when the rubber spring bears a vertical large deformation load, and the comfort level of primary suspension is improved.

The rubber body 3 is internally divided into a plurality of partitions 31, and the rubber body 3 is divided into a plurality of layers and vulcanized between the respective partitions 31. The design of the partition plate 31 can improve the overall rigidity of the rubber body 3, so that the overall rigidity of the rubber spring is improved, and the number of layers of the partition plate 31 can be flexibly selected to adjust the initial rigidity of the rubber spring according to design requirements.

The rubber body 3 is divided into three layers by two layers of partition plates 31, wherein the outermost rubber body 32 and the inner side wall of the annular outer sleeve 2 are vulcanized, the innermost rubber body 34 and the outer side wall of the annular mandrel 1 are vulcanized, and the middle rubber body 33 and the partition plates 31 are vulcanized. The embodiment is a typical implementation mode, and the design of the three-layer rubber body has good initial rigidity and dynamic rigidity, and meanwhile, the simplicity of processing and molding is also considered.

The two end profiles of the outermost rubber body 32 and the middle rubber body 33 are formed by transitional connection of a straight section L1 and an open cambered surface section R1. As shown in fig. 3, the outermost rubber body 32 and the middle rubber body 33 adopt a transition profile design of a straight section L1 and an open cambered surface section R1, when the rubber body 3 is pressed by load, the open cambered surface section R1 provides a large open free surface, and the straight section L1 and the open cambered surface section R1 enable the rubber body 3 to be freely attached when deformed, so that cracking caused by excessive wrinkles is avoided, and the fatigue resistance is optimized.

The upper end of the innermost rubber body 34 is formed by transitional connection of a straight section L1 and an open cambered surface section R1, the lower end of the innermost rubber body is formed by transitional connection of an open cambered surface section R1 and a horizontal section L2, and the horizontal section L2 is vulcanized and enveloped at the bottom of the annular mandrel 1. The innermost rubber body 34 is designed with an open cambered surface section R1 molded surface based on the same purpose, and is in vulcanization connection with the annular mandrel 1, so that the horizontal section L2 and the bottom of the annular mandrel 1 are adopted for enveloping vulcanization, on one hand, the innermost rubber body 34 can be attached to the bottom of the annular mandrel 1 freely when being deformed under pressure, the vulcanizing surface of the innermost rubber body 34 and the annular mandrel 1 are prevented from being separated due to deformation and shearing, and the service life of the rubber spring is prolonged.

The vulcanization surface of the rubber body 3 and the annular sleeve 2 is an inner side wall inclined surface 21 of the whole annular sleeve 2. In this embodiment, the vulcanizing surface of the rubber body 3 is designed on the inner side wall inclined surface 21 of the annular outer sleeve 2, and the vulcanizing surface of the annular mandrel 1 is designed as the whole inclined surface in the same way, so that the stress of the rubber body 3 is more uniform when bearing vertical load, the deformation is more uniform, and the vertical load tolerance of the rubber spring is better.

The top end of the annular outer sleeve 2 is provided with a vertical side wall 22 in transitional connection with the inner side wall inclined surface 21, and the vulcanized surface of the rubber body 3 and the annular outer sleeve 2 is the inner side wall inclined surface 21 and the vertical side wall 22 of the whole annular outer sleeve 2. On the basis, the vulcanization surface of the rubber body 3 can be further expanded to the inclined surface 21 and the vertical side wall 22 of the inner side wall of the annular outer sleeve 2, the vertical side wall 22 can play a certain role in blocking, the rubber body 3 is prevented from being protruded from the top edge of the annular outer sleeve 2 and being extruded to the top edge after being deformed, otherwise, the rubber body 3 is repeatedly rubbed and extruded with the top edge to cause abnormal abrasion.

The bottom area S1 of the annular mandrel 1 and the bottom area S2 of the annular sleeve 2 are not lower than 75%. The slope K1 of the inner side wall inclined surface 21 of the annular outer sleeve 2 is 4.5-5.5. The slope K2 of the inclined surface of the outer side wall of the annular mandrel 1 is between 6.5 and 7.7. In this embodiment, the area and the slope of the annular mandrel 1 and the annular jacket 2 are preferably designed, and the ratio of the area S1 at the bottom of the annular mandrel 1 to the area S2 at the bottom of the annular jacket 2 determines the overall volume of the rubber body 3 to be sufficiently vulcanized, but an excessively low ratio obviously results in an excessively large volume of the rubber body 3 and an excessively small rigidity thereof, so that a 75% design threshold can ensure that the rubber body 3 has a larger volume and a better rigidity as much as possible. The slope of the annular mandrel 1 and the annular jacket 2 affects the pressure bearing capacity of the rubber body 3 when subjected to a vertical large deformation load. The slope tends to be gentle and the rigidity is larger, otherwise, the rigidity is smaller, and the slope design range can ensure that the rubber body 3 has proper rigidity to bear vertical large deformation load and ensure certain comfortableness.

It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rubber spring for bearing vertical large deformation load in a long and narrow space is characterized in that: the novel rubber vulcanization device comprises an annular mandrel (1), an annular outer sleeve (2) and a rubber body (3) vulcanized between the annular mandrel (1) and the annular outer sleeve (2), wherein the inner side wall of the annular outer sleeve (2) and the outer side wall of the annular mandrel (1) are inclined planes, and the rubber body (3) is vulcanized between the inner side wall of the annular outer sleeve (2) and the outer side wall of the annular mandrel (1).

2. A rubber spring for carrying a vertically large deformation load in an elongated space as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the rubber body (3) is internally provided with a plurality of partition boards (31) at intervals, and the rubber body (3) is divided into a plurality of layers and vulcanized among the partition boards (31).

3. A rubber spring for carrying a vertically large deformation load in an elongated space as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the rubber body (3) is divided into three layers of rubber bodies by two layers of partition plates (31), wherein the inner side wall of the outermost rubber body (32) and the inner side wall of the annular sleeve (2) are vulcanized, the outer side wall of the innermost rubber body (34) and the annular mandrel (1) are vulcanized, and the middle layer rubber body (33) and the partition plates (31) are vulcanized.

4. A rubber spring for carrying a vertically large deformation load in an elongated space as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the two end profiles of the outermost rubber body (32) and the middle rubber body (33) are formed by transitional connection of a straight section L1 and an open cambered surface section R1.

5. A rubber spring for carrying a vertically large deformation load in an elongated space as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the upper end of the innermost rubber body (34) is formed by transitional connection of a straight section L1 and an open cambered surface section R1, the lower end of the innermost rubber body is formed by transitional connection of an open cambered surface section R1 and a horizontal section L2, and the horizontal section L2 is vulcanized and enveloped at the bottom of the annular mandrel (1).

6. A rubber spring for carrying a vertically large deformation load in an elongated space according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the vulcanization surface of the rubber body (3) and the annular outer sleeve (2) is an inner side wall inclined surface (21) of the whole annular outer sleeve (2).

7. A rubber spring for carrying a vertically large deformation load in an elongated space as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the top end of the annular outer sleeve (2) is provided with a vertical side wall (22) in transitional connection with the inner side wall inclined surface (21), and the vulcanizing surface of the rubber body (3) and the annular outer sleeve (2) is the inner side wall inclined surface (21) and the vertical side wall (22) of the whole annular outer sleeve (2).

8. A rubber spring for carrying a vertically large deformation load in an elongated space as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the bottom area S1 of the annular mandrel (1) and the bottom area S2 of the duty ratio annular outer sleeve (2) are not lower than 75%.

9. A rubber spring for carrying a vertically large deformation load in an elongated space as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the slope K1 of the inner side wall inclined surface (21) of the annular outer sleeve (2) is 4.5-5.5.

10. A rubber spring for carrying a vertically large deformation load in an elongated space as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the slope K2 of the inclined surface of the outer side wall of the annular mandrel (1) is between 6.5 and 7.7.