CN116827405B - Polarization segmentation type information and energy simultaneous transmission system - Google Patents
Polarization segmentation type information and energy simultaneous transmission system Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/10—Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/145—Passive relay systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a polarization segmentation type signal energy simultaneous transmission system, and relates to the design of electromagnetic systems. The system comprises a dual-polarized controllable transmitter, a dual-polarized controllable intelligent super-surface and a polarization split type information energy receiver. The space orthogonality of the two-way polarized transmission waves is utilized to realize transmission separation of the downlink signal energy signals, so that the volume of the equipment and the non-energy dissipation are further reduced. In addition, in order to solve the problem of high shielding probability of an energy transmission channel in actual deployment, the invention introduces dual-polarized controllable intelligent super-surface auxiliary electromagnetic wave diffraction to enhance the signal intensity of a receiving end. For the scene of having the bias heavy of the signal energy transmission flow, the dual polarization super surface can also regulate and control the polarization characteristic of the transmission channel, and typically, the dual polarization super surface can convert dual polarization into single polarization, thereby indirectly realizing the bias adjustment of the signal energy flow. In addition, for the scene with uplink transmission tasks at the same time, the regulation mechanism of the system can also support uplink and downlink parallel transmission by grouping orthogonal transmission paths, so that the space division duplex function is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to electromagnetic system design, in particular to a polarization split type signal energy simultaneous transmission system.
Background
With further commercial deployment of fifth generation communication technologies (The Fifth Generation Communication Technology, 5G), the access volume of terminal devices is exponentially increasing. In the near future, communication networks will be of unprecedented scale, and a gapless wider internet of things will be established between objects. This, in turn, presents a series of practical problems: indexes of the existing communication technical scheme, such as network throughput level, network delay, communication reliability and the like, are difficult to bear such large application prospects; in addition, with the further development of the green communication concept, the communication system will pay more attention to the energy efficiency index in the future, and the actual problem of low energy utilization in the 5G communication application is obviously contrary to the requirement. Based on the above, the network performance and the energy efficiency performance are comprehensively considered, and the development of a new generation of green high-bearing-capacity communication technology is urgent. At present, the academy is gradually developing systematic researches on technologies such as wireless radio frequency energy collection, low-consumption communication networking, backscatter technology and the like. Among them, the system design concept represented by the passive internet of things is paid attention to.
The passive internet of things refers to that in a typical application scenario where terminals are dense in the future, no additional power support needs to be provided for the terminal equipment, and a stable power source can be provided for the terminal equipment only through environmental energy (such as electromagnetic energy, solar energy, wind energy and the like). The network can effectively balance the relation between network performance and electricity consumption, and the terminal equipment has more flexibility, so that the network can bring great gain to the deployment efficiency in the ultra-large-scale network deployment. Particularly, among the technologies supporting the passive internet of things, the deployment efficiency of the wireless communication and simultaneous transmission technology is most remarkable, and the reason is that: in the working scene of the wireless communication facilities, electromagnetic energy is more stable and rich, so that the electromagnetic wave is adopted to transmit information, and meanwhile, the electromagnetic wave is adopted to transmit energy in a contactless manner, so that the wireless communication facilities are more convenient to transmit energy and have stronger controllability.
However, at present, in deployment practice of the wireless communication energy co-transmission technology, two significant problems exist, which directly or indirectly obstruct the large-scale application of the wireless communication energy co-transmission technology. Firstly, the design core of the signal energy simultaneous transmission system is that signal energy multiplexing, namely, electromagnetic waves with the same physical characteristics are utilized to carry energy and signals to realize contactless transmission, and how to realize stable separation of the information flow and the energy flow at a receiving end part is very critical, and the common practical problems of large volume of hardware equipment, uncontrollable distribution ratio and low energy dissipation exist in a time slot division type and a power division type; in the signal energy simultaneous transmission system, the energy transmission has high requirements on the channel quality of the transmission channel, and once the direct path is blocked, the system cannot work normally, so that the application scene is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a polarization segmentation type information and energy simultaneous transmission system, which adopts a novel orthogonal polarization segmentation mode to realize segmentation of downlink information flow and energy flow, and can ensure that information and energy can be freely separated under the same plane structure; in addition, the invention also adopts dual-polarized controllable intelligent super-surface equipment, and is aided with realizing the regulation and control of the signal energy ratio and the diffraction of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, thereby further improving the overall transmission flexibility and stability of the system; for the scene of loading the uplink back transmission task, the system can also support up-down parallel transmission by adjusting the operation mechanism, namely, an orthogonal space division full duplex communication system is formed.
The invention relates to a polarization division type information energy simultaneous transmission system which comprises a dual-polarization controllable transmitter, a dual-polarization controllable intelligent super-surface and a polarization division type information energy receiver. The three key equipment ends together form a polarized split type downlink information energy simultaneous transmission system. In addition, in the business scenario of concurrent uplink and downlink, the system can also divide the corresponding polarization path into feedback communication, thereby realizing uplink and downlink transmission parallelism.
Specifically, the dual-polarized controllable transmitter is used for generating a downlink dual-polarized signal energy signal, and transmitting information signals and energy signals in the downlink dual-polarized signal energy signal simultaneously in an orthogonal polarized wave mode through transmitting ends with different polarization characteristics;
the polarization split type signal energy receiver and the dual-polarization controllable transmitter form a direct-connection visual transmission path, and the direct-connection visual transmission path is used for directly receiving downlink dual-polarization signal energy signals transmitted by the dual-polarization controllable transmitter;
the dual-polarized controllable intelligent super surface, the dual-polarized controllable transmitter and the polarized split type information energy receiver form a diffraction transmission path, and the diffraction transmission path is used for reconstructing a downlink dual-polarized information energy signal sent by the dual-polarized controllable transmitter to enable the downlink dual-polarized information energy signal to have space diffraction capacity and transmitting the reconstructed downlink dual-polarized information energy signal to the polarized split type information energy receiver;
the polarization division type signal energy receiver carries out orthogonal polarization division on the received downlink dual-polarization signal energy signal to obtain an information signal and an energy signal in the downlink dual-polarization signal energy signal, and respectively transmits the information signal and the energy signal to an information receiving link and an energy receiving link in the downlink dual-polarization signal energy.
The invention provides two configurations of dual-polarized controllable transmitters. It should be noted that both structures may form an integral system with other equipment ends, and they merely differ in implementation and deployment. Specifically, the first dual-polarized controllable transmitter adopts two completely separated transmitting paths, the two paths respectively generate non-modulated electromagnetic waves and are input into different polarized ports of the same antenna in a parallel feed-in mode, so that the simultaneous transmission of energy and information is realized, and the system adopting the configuration actually realizes separation at the transmitting end. The second type of dual-polarized controllable transmitter adopts the same transmitting path, namely only generates modulated/unmodulated electromagnetic waves to realize electromagnetic signal output, and is firstly connected to a discrete bit power divider after passing through the front end of radio frequency, and the tail end of the power divider is connected to transmitting paths with different polarization characteristics to realize signal energy simultaneous transmission.
In addition, the dual-polarized controllable intelligent super surface provided by the invention can realize diffraction on orthogonal information flow and energy flow in transmission respectively, so as to cope with the transmission interference which is frequently existed and ensure the normal operation of the system. Specifically, the dual-polarized controllable intelligent super-surface is provided with two sets of orthogonal regulating circuits, which sense the incident phases of different polarized waves and the phases of expected emergent waves in real time, so that a weight value is attached. In addition, the method can realize the conversion from dual polarization to single polarization, and the fusion of orthogonal incident waves can be realized according to the requirements of some special scenes.
Specifically, the dual-polarized controllable intelligent super surface comprises a dual-polarized reflection array and a dielectric layer; the dual-polarized reflection array is positioned on one surface of the dielectric layer and consists of a plurality of dual-polarized reflection units, each dual-polarized reflection unit consists of two orthogonal single-polarized structures, and a first control through hole is formed at the intersection of the two single-polarized structures.
The other surface of the dielectric layer is provided with a reflecting backboard and a duplex transformer diode, a second control through hole is arranged at the cathode of the duplex transformer diode, and the second control through hole penetrates through the dielectric layer and is communicated with the first control through hole; the anode of the duplex transformer diode is a connecting end, and the connecting end is connected with external control circuit equipment.
Regarding an external control circuit device, it includes a main controller and a plurality of peripheral controllers; the main controller is connected with a plurality of peripheral controllers at the same time, and each peripheral controller is connected with the connecting end of the duplex transformer diode through a connecting point respectively. A synchronization device is connected between every two peripheral controllers.
In the invention, the polarization split type signal energy receiver provided by the invention is consistent with a transmitting end, and a matched dual-polarized antenna is also adopted for receiving the orthogonal polarized wave transmitted to the end, and the tail ends of the dual-polarized antenna are respectively and parallelly output to an information receiving link and an energy receiving link. Specifically, the energy receiving link includes: the rectification circuit is used for rectifying the energy signal in the downlink dual-polarized information energy signal and outputting a direct current signal; the energy management equipment is used for carrying out boosting treatment on the direct current signal so as to enable the voltage of the boosted direct current signal to reach a target stable voltage; and the energy storage device is used for storing the boosted direct current signal. The information receiving link includes: the down converter is used for converting the information signal in the downlink dual-polarized information energy signal into a baseband signal; the sampler is used for performing digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband signal; and the demodulation processing equipment is used for carrying out information demodulation on the converted baseband signal so as to obtain downlink transmission information. The demodulation processing equipment and the energy storage equipment are connected with each other.
The information receiving link is a preprocessing module composed of a down converter and a sampler, and a processing core is used for forming demodulation processing equipment; the energy receiving link consists of a rectifying circuit, energy management equipment, energy storage equipment and a judging module; the information receiving link can control the energy receiving link, and the energy receiving link provides necessary energy supply for the information receiving link. When the polarization split type communication energy receiver is loaded with an uplink transmission task, the information receiving link selects any one of a direct-connection visual transmission path and a diffraction transmission path as an uplink return path so as to realize uplink and downlink transmission and combination.
The dual-polarized controllable transmitter comprises a dual-polarized antenna I, an energy signal generation path consisting of a non-modulated signal generator, an up-converter I and a radio frequency filter I, and an information signal generation path I consisting of a modulated signal generator I, an up-converter II and a radio frequency filter II; the output end of the first radio frequency filter is used as the output end of the energy signal generation circuit and is connected with the first dual-polarized antenna through a high-power amplifier; the output end of the second radio frequency filter is used as the output end of the first information signal generation circuit and is connected with the first dual-polarized antenna through the low-power amplifier.
In general, the system linkage mechanism provided by the invention can flexibly cope with various transmission scenes. Specifically, in the downlink transmission process, the transmission characteristics of the orthogonal polarized waves can be regulated and controlled by the dual-polarized controllable transmitter and the dual-polarized controllable intelligent super surface, so that the terminal requirements are met; in uplink transmission, the polarization split type information energy receiver can select a corresponding channel to carry out uplink transmission, and keep an orthogonal channel to realize energy/information transmission, so that duplex transmission is realized overall.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The polarization split architecture adopted by the invention can realize perfect split of the information flow and the energy flow under the condition that the integral size of the signal energy simultaneous transmission system is unchanged. Compared with the common power division, time slot division and other communication energy separation modes, the system has lower loss and more outstanding deployment efficiency.
(2) The invention provides two dual-polarized controllable transmitters which have different hardware characteristics and deployment advantages and can effectively complete system fusion. Specifically, the dual-polarized controllable transmitter with one type of configuration can finish signal energy separation at the transmitting end, signal energy paths are transmitted simultaneously and are not mutually interfered, and the dual-polarized controllable transmitter has high flexibility and outstanding performance; the two-type dual-polarized controllable transmitter only needs to adopt one transmission path, the signal energy separation of the two-type dual-polarized controllable transmitter depends on the polarization orthogonality of receiving equipment, and the system has low cost and is easy to deploy. Reasonable schemes can be selected according to different scenes and performance tendencies.
(3) The system provided by the invention also has an electromagnetic diffraction function. Specifically, the invention adopts the dual-polarized intelligent super surface to realize the regulation and control of orthogonal transmission waves, so that the signal energy transmission can be normally transmitted under the condition that the through passage is blocked, the overall transmission robustness of the system is improved, and the system is suitable for wider application scenes. In addition, the dual-polarized controllable intelligent super surface provided by the invention can also perform conversion fusion of polarization characteristics on dual-polarized waves, and can timely respond to the requirements of a system due to a simple regulation and control mode, so that the deployment efficiency is outstanding.
(4) The matched polarization split type signal energy receiver provided by the invention can realize parallel output of information flow and energy flow, and the proposed structure can meet the requirement of self-energy supply of terminal equipment. Compared with other modes needing to introduce additional devices for segmentation, the receiving architecture can realize separation by relying on the inherent characteristics of the dual-polarized antenna, and has compact planing structure and higher integration level.
(5) The system architecture provided by the invention not only meets the requirement of downlink signal energy division transmission, but also meets the requirement of uplink and downlink duplex communication. In a typical communication scenario, uplink and downlink communications are concurrent, but a hardware structure of a common full duplex communication system is complex, and signal processing difficulty is high. The system provides two orthogonal transmission paths naturally based on the electromagnetic wave polarization characteristic, when uplink and downlink transmission tasks are simultaneously mounted, the system can adjust channels for simultaneous transmission of information and energy, and a part of channels are allocated to uplink transmission, so that full duplex communication is realized, and the whole system is simple in structure, low in realization difficulty and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection topology of a communication and energy co-transmission system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a dual polarized controllable transmitter of one type of configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a two-configuration dual polarized controllable transmitter of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of a circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of scattering parameters of a circularly polarized antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a gain level diagram of a circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a gain level diagram of a circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an overall block diagram of a dual polarized controllable intelligent subsurface of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a dual polarized controllable intelligent subsurface of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a block diagram of a polarization split type signal energy receiver of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a diagram of a standard scene transmission relationship of the present invention (covering two classes of transmitter configurations);
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between dual polarization and single polarization transmission in the simultaneous transmission system according to the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a space division duplex transmission scenario of a signal energy co-transmission system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with the examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, but rather as falling within the scope of the claims.
The invention relates to a polarization division type information and energy simultaneous transmission system, which is divided into three main equipment ends, namely a dual-polarization controllable transmitter 101, a dual-polarization controllable intelligent super surface 102 and a polarization division type information and energy receiver 103, wherein the transmission relation of the dual-polarization controllable intelligent super surface 102 and the polarization division type information and energy receiver 103 is shown in figure 1. The direct-connection visual transmission path is formed between the dual-polarization controllable transmitter 101 and the polarization split type information energy receiver 103, and the downlink dual-polarization information energy signal generated by the dual-polarization controllable transmitter 101 is directly received by the dual-polarization receiving antenna 1101 matched with the polarization split type information energy receiver 103 and is transmitted to the information receiving link and the energy receiving link, so that the undisturbed direct transmission of the information signal and the energy signal is achieved. In addition, to cope with the common through transmission interference problem, the communication energy simultaneous transmission system of the present invention introduces a dual-polarized controllable intelligent super surface 102 for reconstructing the downlink communication energy transmission flow, so that the downlink communication energy transmission flow has a spatial diffraction capability, thereby further improving the system performance. In addition, because the orthogonal polarization transmission mode adopted by the signal energy co-transmission system has space orthogonality, the invention further provides a signal energy transmission scheme of a space division duplex mode, namely an extended orthogonal channel is used for uplink transmission, and specifically, the uplink transmission can be enhanced in an auxiliary way through the dual-polarization controllable intelligent super surface 102.
One type of configuration of dual polarized controllable transmitter 101 is shown in fig. 2. It can be seen intuitively that there are two parallel transmission lines. In fig. 2, the left side represents an energy signal generating path, the right side represents an information signal generating path, and the essential difference between the two is that the signals generated by the non-modulated signal generator 204 and the modulated signal generator 201, i.e. whether the generated signals carry modulated information. Specifically, for the information signal, a modulation mode conforming to the transmission characteristics of the communication energy simultaneous transmission system is matched; for the energy signal, an unmodulated multi-carrier transmission mode is adopted to maximize energy transmission efficiency, and a specific modulation mode is not affected at present. After the baseband signals of the two are generated, the two signals pass through the up-converter I205 and the up-converter II 202 to realize the conversion from the baseband signal to the radio frequency signal. The frequency band broadening of the first up-converter 205 and the second up-converter 202 may be different, and the frequency band broadening of the first up-converter and the second up-converter may be not limited by a single limitation. Before the up-converted rf signal is further radiated, the up-converted rf signal is filtered by the first rf filter 206 and the second rf filter 203, respectively, to remove clutter generated in the preamble. Further, the generated energy signal and information signal are transmitted to the high power amplifier 208 and the low power amplifier 207, respectively, for further amplification. Because of the high requirements for the transmission of the energy signal, the gain level of its high power amplifier 208 should be greater than that of the low power amplifier 207. Finally, the two signals are transmitted to the transmitting unit of the dual polarized antenna 209 with orthogonal polarization, and are simultaneously fed out from the energy signal feeding port and the information signal feeding port of the transmitting unit of the dual polarized antenna 209.
The two-class configuration of the dual-polarized controllable transmitter 101 is shown in fig. 3, and the overall structure of the dual-polarized controllable transmitter is consistent with that of the one-way one-class configuration, and the difference is that the second modulated signal generator 301 generates a mixed signal which combines information transmission and energy transmission, and the mixed signal passes through the third up-converter 302 and the third radio frequency filter 303 after being generated, finally reaches the adjustable power amplifier 304 to further amplify power, and the amplification gain level of the adjustable power amplifier 304 can be regulated according to actual requirements so as to meet the requirements of different scenes. Finally the composite signal will radiate free space from either the single circularly polarized antenna 305 or the dual polarized antenna 307 loaded with the power divider means 306.
To further illustrate the practical structure of the radiator and clarify the performance index, the present invention provides a set of circularly polarized antenna design scheme based on air-type laminated microstrip antenna, i.e. the single-path circularly polarized antenna 305 described above. The antenna works in a central frequency band of about 2.45GHz, the specific configuration of the antenna is shown in the top view of fig. 4, and the main structure of the antenna respectively comprises a radiation patch 401, a support plate 403 and a bottom dielectric plate 408. The entity of the radiation patch 401 is a circular dielectric plate, and the material thereof is not particularly limited. The upper layer of the radiation patch 401 is a copper-clad layer, and a dual-polarized defect port 402 is formed at an angle of +/-45 degrees of the copper-clad layer, so that circularly polarized waves are generated; the support plate 403 may be constructed of a low dielectric constant material such as nylon, foam, etc. to maximize radiated power; the front side of the bottom dielectric plate 408 is copper-clad reflective land 407 for maximizing the front-to-back ratio of radiation, and the back side is copper-clad feed line 404 designed to transmit electromagnetic signals driven in by feed port 409 to feed copper post 406. Specifically, the feed copper pillar 406 passes through the support plate 403 and the bottom dielectric plate 408 to reach the surface of the radiation patch 401, so as to radiate electromagnetic signals. In addition, an outer layer isolation opening 405 having a radius larger than that of the feed copper pillar 406 is dug in the outer layer so that electromagnetic signals do not flow into the copper-clad reflective land 407. To show the three-dimensional structure of the whole equipment. The invention also provides a side view and a bottom view of a circularly polarized antenna based on the air type laminated microstrip antenna, as shown in fig. 5 and 6.
The index of the scattering parameter of the circularly polarized antenna is shown in fig. 7. Specifically, the scattering parameter at the 2.45GHz point can be found to be lower than-22 dB, and the bandwidth of the device can reach 2.38GHz-2.48GHz in the scattering parameter area smaller than-10 dB, so that the universal engineering deployment requirement is met. As shown in FIG. 8, the axial ratio parameter index of the circularly polarized antenna can be found that the axial ratio parameter at the 2.45GHz point is lower than 1dB, and in the axial ratio parameter area smaller than 3dB, the bandwidth of the device can reach 2.42GHz-2.47GHz, thereby meeting the performance index of the circularly polarized antenna. As shown in fig. 9, it can be found that the gain level at the 2.45GHz point is close to 10dB, and has reached a higher level, which can satisfy the requirement of the energy transmission scenario for the antenna device. The dual polarized controllable intelligent subsurface 102 proposed by the present invention has a structure as shown in fig. 10. The dual polarized controllable intelligent subsurface 102 includes a dual polarized reflective array 902 comprised of a plurality of dual polarized reflective elements 905. The dual polarized reflection unit 905 is composed of two spatially orthogonal single polarized structures 906, and the dual polarized reflection unit 905 has a centerline symmetrical structure. The common design schemes of the structure of the dual-polarized reflection unit 905 include a cross-printed dipole, a cross microstrip structure, and the like, and the scheme proposed by the invention is not particularly limited because the structure is common and has generality. In specific regulation, the signal fed in from the rear end controls the reflection amplitude and the phase of the single polarization structure 906 through the first control through hole 901, so as to realize the regulation of the orthogonal space polarized wave. The dual polarized reflective array 902 is in the form of an area array designed to manipulate dual polarized orthogonal electromagnetic waves in three dimensions so that it has the ability to diffract in space. In this embodiment, the dual-polarized reflective array 902 is fabricated on the front surface of the dielectric layer 903, and the dielectric layer 903 is made of a material with a specific dielectric constant. The back of dielectric layer 903 is provided with a reflective backplate 904 and a duplex photodiode 907. The reflective back plate 904 is formed by a copper-clad layer, and in fig. 3, a second control via 909 on the left side of the dual-link photodiode 907 directly penetrates through the dielectric layer 903 and is connected to a first control via 901 of the dual-polarized reflective unit 905. The connection 908 of the dual-transformer diode 907 is connected to an external control circuit device. The external control circuit device can adjust the capacitance value of the duplex photodiode 907 by adjusting the input voltage, thereby realizing the reflection coefficient adjustment of the unit.
As shown in fig. 11, the number of units of the dual-polarized reflection array 902 is generally greater than 100, and the control points of the dual-polarized configuration are twice as large as those of the common device, so that the number of output interfaces of the common controller is difficult to meet the control requirement. Specifically, the main controller 1001 will implement control codebook calculation according to actual reflection requirements, after a certain conversion, it will divide the codebook into a plurality of sub-blocks, each sub-block is transmitted to the peripheral controller 1002 in parallel, each peripheral controller 1002 controls the cluster formed by the duplex transformer diodes 907 through the connection points 1004, in parallel control, in order to ensure transmission consistency, a synchronization device 1003 is further provided between the peripheral devices, so as to implement operation synchronization between the independent peripheral controllers 1002.
The structure of the polarization split type signal energy receiver 103 proposed by the present invention is shown in fig. 12. The two-way or one-way signal energy composite signal received by dual polarized receive antenna 1101 will be respectively passed into the energy receive link and the information receive link. The dual polarized receiving antenna 1101 is formed by intersecting two orthogonal monopole antennas, so that the structure is simpler, and the specific configuration is not limited in the invention. For the energy receiving link, the energy signal will first pass through the rectifying circuit 1102. The rectifier circuit 1102 is composed of a schottky diode, and is a key component for converting radio frequency energy into direct current energy, and the basic principle is to generate a direct current signal by using the mixing characteristic of the schottky diode. The converted dc signal is conducted into the energy pipe device 1104 for boosting to a steady voltage required by the device. In addition, the energy management device 1104 also manages the energy consumption index of the signal energy simultaneous transmission system to regulate and control the self boosting or output ratio. The boosted dc signal is output to the energy storage device 1106 for storage and operation. For the information receiving link, the radio frequency signal carrying the information, i.e. the information signal, will first pass through a down converter 1103, which converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, so that the sampler 1105 performs digital-to-analog conversion, and then the digitized baseband signal will undergo information demodulation by a demodulation processing device 1107 to obtain downlink transmission information. During this time, the energy storage device 1106 will continuously recharge the information link so that the receiver as a whole will be self-powered. And the demodulation processing device 1107 will also monitor and control the state of the energy storage device 1106 in real time.
The above summary of the invention introduces a related hardware structure of the polarization split type information and energy simultaneous transmission system, in order to further describe the cooperative coordination relationship of each device end and the effectiveness of system configuration, the following is directed to the actual scenario as shown in fig. 13, to further describe the overall working principle and theoretical basis of the information and energy simultaneous transmission system of the present invention. It should be noted that the cross polarization effect is assumed not to be significant in the present invention, and can be ignored. First, when the dual-polarized controllable transmitter 101 transmits only circular polarized waves, a transmission path between the two-type configuration transmitter and the polarization split type signal energy receiver 103 in the dual-polarized controllable transmitter 101 can be defined as，/>Representing the number of transmission links>Representing the number of receive links. When the transmit chain is an array, the transmit chain is +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the receiving link is an array, the method comprises the steps of>。
When dual polarized controllable transmitter 101 is of a type of configuration,. Specifically, the->It may be written in a form that,
。
wherein,representing the transmission channel between the polarized X transmit antenna to the polarized Y receive antenna, V, H represents two orthogonal polarizations, the form of which is not particularly limited. R represents the polarization split type signal energy receiver 103, i represents the dual polarized controllable intelligent super surface 102, and t represents the dual polarized controllable transmitter 101. In this context, the transmission path of the dual polarized controllable transmitter 101 may be used +.>Representing, wherein, when q=1, < > is>Represents a type of transmission path of a configured dual polarized controllable transmitter 101, and hereinafter +.>、/>Respectively representing a downlink auxiliary transmission channel and an uplink auxiliary transmission channel of a signal energy co-transmission system of the dual-polarized controllable transmitter 101 based on one type of configuration; when q=2, _a->Representing the transmission path of a two-configuration dual polarized controllable transmitter 101. Transmission path for a transmitter of two-configuration>It can be regarded as a type of configuration transmission path +.>And thus are described below with respect to an overall system consisting of only one type of configuration.
Similarly, a type of transmission channel configured by dual polarized controllable transmitters 101 through dual polarized controllable intelligent supersurface 102 to polarized split type signal energy receivers 103 may be further constructed. Wherein the transmission channel between the dual-polarized controllable transmitter 101 and the dual-polarized controllable intelligent super surface 102 can be written as，/>Represents the number of the dual-polarized controllable intelligent super-surfaces 102, and the specific form is as follows:
。
wherein,representing the transmission channel from the polarized X transmit antenna to the polarized Y controllable smart subsurface.
Wherein, the transmission channel from the dual-polarized controllable intelligent super surface 102 to the polarized split type information energy receiver 103 can be written asThe concrete form is as follows:
。
by combining the above formulas, an overall transmission channel can be obtainedThe concrete form is as follows:
。
wherein,，/>represented is a matrix of reflection coefficients of the dual polarized controllable intelligent subsurface 102, which may be expressed in the form of:
。
wherein,、/>representing the reflection coefficients of two polarized super surface reflection units in the dual polarized controllable intelligent super surface 102, respectively. Combining the overall transmission channel->The received signal may be further obtained:
。
the core idea of the present communication energy simultaneous transmission system design can be further expressed as follows: by controllingIs to change->To raise the signal +.>Is set, is provided. From a specific implementation point of view, when obtaining the overall channel informationThe dual polarized controllable intelligent metasurface 102 will then regulate the corresponding parameters of the dual-link photodiode 907 to achieve maximum system transmission performance.
In general terms, the process is carried out,is->And->Is independently regulated, is similar to the case that two polarizations are regarded as independent reflection units in mathematical relation, and respectively corresponds to different regulation phases of information flow and energy flow transmission links, and the scene is applicable to a standard performance co-transmission scene.
In addition, in the second scenario as shown in fig. 14, the present invention also proposes a scheme using the endophytic relationship regulation, which can also convert the dual-polarized transmission into single-polarized transmission, so that the system can obtain a larger performance gain in some scenarios with single bias on information or energy transmission, and in another sense, the scheme is the signal-energy ratio regulation realized by using the polarization characteristics. For clarity of description, in such a scenario, it is assumed that，/>，/>I.e. the number of links at all device ends is 1, and the unit channel characteristics from the dual polarization controllable intelligent super surface 102 to the polarization split type information energy receiver 103 +.>And the transmission channel of each unit is unchanged, namely the transmission channel of each unit is not greatly different. Then, it can be further written that:
；
。
wherein,representing the transmission channel->Amplitude of->Representing the phases of both, j representing the imaginary unit.
Also, anCan be written as:
。
wherein,and->Representing the cross-polarized amplitude/phase factors, respectively.
OverwritingIt is possible to obtain:
。
wherein the method comprises the steps of=/>. It can be further found that, when delta=0,that is, represents a single polarizationA mode; when a=pi is given to the number,i.e. representing another single polarization mode.
The above formula shows how the present communication energy simultaneous transmission system can convert the dual polarized wave into the single polarized wave by adjusting the dual polarized controllable intelligent super surface 102, the conversion calculation method is simple and convenient, the engineering realization method is not complex, and the application scene is wider.
In a third scenario as shown in fig. 15, the present invention further constructs a space division transmission system with an uplink and downlink full duplex transmission function through a downlink transmission path with an orthogonal transmission relationship. In a simple sense, the system reserves one orthogonal transmission link for transmitting downlink signal/energy flow signal, adjusts the weight ratio by time slot, and leaves one for uplink transmission. In a single-shot system similar to scene two, if a certain polarization is selected for transmission, then the downlink auxiliary transmission channels are cascadedThe method can be changed into:
。
wherein, one wayAnd->Can be rewritten as +.>，/>。
Similarly, then concatenated uplink auxiliary transport channelsThe method can be changed into:
。
wherein,. Overall, the result is based on channel diversity +.>，And (5) obtaining the product.
The two orthogonal paths demonstrate the possibility of parallel transmission up and down, i.e. the theoretical rationality of the space division duplex transmission architecture.
While only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these do not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent.
Claims (10)
1. A polarization split type signal energy co-transmission system, comprising:
the dual-polarized controllable transmitter (101) is used for generating a downlink dual-polarized signal energy signal and transmitting information signals and energy signals in the downlink dual-polarized signal energy signal simultaneously in an orthogonal polarized wave mode through transmitting ends with different polarization characteristics;
a polarization division type signal energy receiver (103) and the dual-polarization controllable transmitter (101) form a direct-communication visual transmission path, and the direct-communication visual transmission path is used for directly receiving downlink dual-polarization signal energy signals transmitted by the dual-polarization controllable transmitter (101);
a dual-polarized controllable intelligent super surface (102), which forms a diffraction transmission path with the dual-polarized controllable transmitter (101) and the polarized split type signal energy receiver (103), and is used for reconstructing the downlink dual-polarized signal energy signal sent by the dual-polarized controllable transmitter (101) to enable the downlink dual-polarized signal energy signal to have space diffraction capability, and transmitting the reconstructed downlink dual-polarized signal energy signal to the polarized split type signal energy receiver (103);
the polarization division type signal energy receiver (103) carries out orthogonal polarization division on the received downlink dual-polarization signal energy signal to obtain an information signal and an energy signal in the downlink dual-polarization signal energy signal, and respectively transmits the information signal and the energy signal to an information receiving link and an energy receiving link in the information signal and the energy signal.
2. The polarization-division type communication-energy co-transmission system of claim 1, wherein the downstream auxiliary transmission channel of the diffraction transmission path is represented by the following formula,
；
wherein,represents a downlink auxiliary transmission channel, q=1 or 2; />Representing a transmission channel from the dual-polarized controllable transmitter (101) to the dual-polarized controllable intelligent supersurface (102); />Representing a reflection coefficient matrix of the dual polarized controllable intelligent supersurface (102); />Representing a transmission channel from the dual-polarized controllable intelligent subsurface (102) to the polarization-partitioned information energy receiver (103); />=/>，/>Representing the transmission channel->、/>Is a magnitude of (2); j represents an imaginary unit; />Representing the transmission channel->、/>Is a phase of (2); />Representing the reflection coefficient of a first polarized super-surface reflection unit in a dual polarized controllable intelligent super-surface (102).
3. A polarization split type communication energy co-transmission system according to claim 2, wherein when the polarization split type communication energy receiver (103) is loaded with an uplink transmission task, the information receiving link selects any one of a through visual transmission path and a diffraction transmission path as a path of an uplink backhaul.
4. A polarization split type information and power co-transmission system according to claim 3, wherein the uplink auxiliary transmission channel of the uplink backhaul path is represented by the following formula,
；
wherein,representing an uplink auxiliary transmission channel; />，/>；/>Representing the reflection coefficient of a second polarized super-surface reflection unit of the dual polarized controllable intelligent super-surface (102).
5. The polarization-division type information and energy co-transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the dual-polarized controllable intelligent super surface (102) comprises a dual-polarized reflection array (902) and a dielectric layer (903); the dual-polarized reflection array (902) is located on one surface of the dielectric layer (903), the dual-polarized reflection array (902) is composed of a plurality of dual-polarized reflection units (905), the dual-polarized reflection units (905) are composed of two orthogonal single-polarized structures (906), and a first control through hole (901) is formed at the intersection of the two single-polarized structures (906).
6. The polarization splitting type communication and energy simultaneous transmission system according to claim 5, wherein a reflective backboard (904) and a double-linked photodiode (907) are arranged on the other surface of the dielectric layer (903), a second control through hole (909) is arranged at the cathode of the double-linked photodiode (907), and the second control through hole (909) penetrates through the dielectric layer (903) and is communicated with the first control through hole (901); the anode of the duplex transformer diode (907) is a connecting end (908), and the connecting end (908) is connected with external control circuit equipment.
7. The polarization split type information and power transmission system according to claim 6, wherein the external control circuit device comprises a main controller (1001) and a plurality of peripheral controllers (1002); the main controller (1001) is connected with a plurality of peripheral controllers (1002) at the same time, each peripheral controller (1002) is connected with a connecting end (908) of a duplex variable diode (907) through a connecting point (1004) respectively, and a synchronization device (1003) is connected between every two peripheral controllers (1002).
8. The polarization split type information and energy co-transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the energy receiving link comprises:
the rectification circuit (1102) is used for rectifying the energy signal in the downlink dual-polarized signal energy signal and outputting a direct current signal;
the energy pipe device (1104) is used for boosting the direct current signal so as to enable the voltage of the boosted direct current signal to reach a target stable voltage;
and the energy storage device (1106) is used for storing the boosted direct current signal.
9. The polarization split type information and power simultaneous transmission system according to claim 8, wherein said information receiving link comprises:
a down converter (1103) configured to convert an information signal in the downstream dual-polarized signal energy signal into a baseband signal;
-a sampler (1105) for digital-to-analog conversion of the baseband signal;
demodulation processing means (1107) for performing information demodulation on the converted baseband signal to obtain downlink transmission information; the demodulation processing device (1107) and the energy storage device (1106) are connected with each other.
10. The polarization split type information and power co-transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the dual polarized controllable transmitter (101) comprises a dual polarized antenna one (209), an energy signal generating path composed of a non-modulated signal generator (204), an up-converter one (205), a radio frequency filter one (206), and an information signal generating path one composed of a modulated signal generator one (201), an up-converter two (202), and a radio frequency filter two (203); the output end of the first radio frequency filter (206) is used as the output end of an energy signal generation circuit, and is connected with the first dual-polarized antenna (209) through a high-power amplifier (208); the output end of the second radio frequency filter (203) is used as the output end of the first information signal generating circuit, and the output end of the second radio frequency filter is connected with the first dual-polarized antenna (209) through the low-power amplifier (207).
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| WO2022204191A2 (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-29 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Wave-controlled reconfigurable intelligent surfaces |
| CN115801078A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-14 | 东南大学 | Multi-time scale intelligent super-surface configuration method adaptive to transmission scheme |
| WO2023044644A1 (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-03-30 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Codebook design and feedback for circular antenna array beamforming |
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| GB2511550B (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2015-08-12 | Broadcom Corp | Method, apparatus and computer program for controlling a wireless device |
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| US4292685A (en) * | 1978-05-31 | 1981-09-29 | Lee Lin Shan | Apparatus and method for controlling crosspolarization of signals in a frequency reuse system |
| WO2022204191A2 (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-29 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Wave-controlled reconfigurable intelligent surfaces |
| WO2023044644A1 (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-03-30 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Codebook design and feedback for circular antenna array beamforming |
| CN114337765A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-12 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Wireless anti-interference and anti-interception communication method based on intelligent reflector under non-ideal channel state information |
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