CN116825887A - Solar photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Solar photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116825887A CN116825887A CN202310623940.5A CN202310623940A CN116825887A CN 116825887 A CN116825887 A CN 116825887A CN 202310623940 A CN202310623940 A CN 202310623940A CN 116825887 A CN116825887 A CN 116825887A
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- photovoltaic module
- titanium dioxide
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920002674 hyaluronan Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 229960003160 hyaluronic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 sulfhydryl hyaluronic acid Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 8
- CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NQTADLQHYWFPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Hydroxysuccinimide Chemical compound ON1C(=O)CCC1=O NQTADLQHYWFPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WERKSKAQRVDLDW-ANOHMWSOSA-N [(2s,3r,4r,5r)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexyl] (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO WERKSKAQRVDLDW-ANOHMWSOSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazene Chemical compound N=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- NGDIAZZSCVVCEW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;butyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O NGDIAZZSCVVCEW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical group CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N dithiothreitol Chemical compound SC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CS VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005439 maleimidyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC(N1*)=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013082 photovoltaic technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a solar photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof. The flexible light-transmitting layer is a PET film, so that the photovoltaic module has good light transmittance, light weight and good wear resistance, and can effectively protect the battery piece. The invention provides a preparation method of polyvinyl butyral resin, and a PVB adhesive film for an upper adhesive layer and a lower adhesive layer is prepared based on the polyvinyl butyral resin, and the PVB adhesive film has good transparency and cohesiveness, so that the adhesion is firm and the quality is light. The titanium dioxide powder has certain heat insulation performance, but the visible light transmittance of the film is seriously affected by the content of the titanium dioxide powder, so that the titanium dioxide microcapsule is added into the PVB adhesive film, the dispersion performance and the ultraviolet resistance of the nano titanium dioxide can be further improved, and the condition that the titanium dioxide powder is agglomerated in the PVB adhesive film is relieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a solar photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of photovoltaic technology, portable photovoltaic modules are becoming popular, but crystalline silicon solar modules based on crystalline silicon technology limit the application of this market due to the easy breaking of the battery pieces. In recent years, the development technology of flexible batteries has become mature, and the flexible batteries are popular with users in the portable market due to the advantages of deformation resistance and fracture resistance.
The conventional solar cell is generally in a structure that EVA materials and cell sheets are arranged between two layers of glass, so that the assembly is heavy in weight, and a bracket is needed during installation, so that the assembly is not easy to move. The flexible thin film solar cell does not need to adopt a glass backboard and a cover plate, the weight of the flexible thin film solar cell is 80% lighter than that of a solar cell component with double-layer glass, and the flexible cell adopting the pvc backboard and the ETFE thin film cover plate can be bent at will even, so that the flexible thin film solar cell is convenient to carry. The solar energy application method can greatly popularize the application of solar energy, and the solar energy can be made into any shape and attached to the surface of any object, so that the solar energy is a new technical revolution and has a wide market prospect. However, the photovoltaic module made of the film is easy to generate yellowing phenomenon due to the influence of high temperature and ultraviolet rays in the long-time use process, and the light transmittance of the photovoltaic module is influenced.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a solar photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, wherein the light transmittance and ultraviolet resistance of the photovoltaic module are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solar photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the solar photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: sequentially stacking the flexible light-transmitting layer, the upper adhesive layer, the solar cell layer, the lower adhesive layer and the back plate layer from top to bottom, hot-pressing for 15-20min at 140-150 ℃, and cooling to obtain a solar photovoltaic module;
the flexible light-transmitting layer is a PET film;
the upper adhesive layer and the lower adhesive layer are PVB adhesive films;
the solar cell layer is a heterojunction solar cell;
the back plate layer is a flexible PCB.
More optimally, the preparation method of the PVB adhesive film comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing polyvinyl butyral resin, titanium dioxide microcapsule, bismaleimide, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, an aminosilane coupling agent and a plasticizer, melting, extruding, irradiating, rolling and cutting to obtain the PVB adhesive film.
More preferably, the PVB adhesive film comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85-110 parts of polyvinyl butyral resin, 6-8 parts of titanium dioxide microcapsule, 4-5 parts of bismaleimide, 2-3 parts of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 4-6 parts of coupling agent and 20-25 parts of plasticizer.
More preferably, the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate; the coupling agent is an aminosilane coupling agent.
More optimally, the preparation method of the titanium dioxide microcapsule comprises the following steps: taking sorbitol monooleate, dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and sulfhydrylation hyaluronic acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain an emulsified aqueous solution; taking titanium dioxide and isooctane solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain organic solution; and (3) uniformly stirring tetradecane and methyl methacrylate, adding an organic solution, uniformly stirring to obtain an oil phase, adding the oil phase into an emulsified aqueous solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion, heating to 60-65 ℃, dropwise adding ammonium persulfate, reacting for 4-6h, dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain the titanium dioxide microcapsule.
More optimally, the preparation method of the sulfhydrylation hyaluronic acid comprises the following steps: taking hyaluronic acid and deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding diimine hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide, adding HCl to adjust the pH value to 4-5, reacting for 50-60min, adding cystamine dihydrochloride, reacting for 46-50h, dialyzing, adding sodium hydroxide, adjusting the pH value to 7.5-8, adding DL-dithiothreitol, reacting for 22-26h in a dark place under nitrogen atmosphere, dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain the sulfhydryl hyaluronic acid.
More preferably, the preparation method of the polyvinyl butyral resin comprises the following steps: taking polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water, heating to 95-100 ℃, uniformly stirring, filtering, cooling to 40-45 ℃, adding n-butyraldehyde, stirring for 30-40min to obtain a mixed solution, cooling to 35-36 ℃, adding an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 1-2h, adding an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 55-60 ℃, reacting for 2.5-3.5h, cooling to 50-55 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 4, carrying out suction filtration and washing, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 12, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the polyvinyl butyral resin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The flexible light-transmitting layer is a PET film, so that the photovoltaic module has good light transmittance, light weight and good wear resistance, and can effectively protect the battery piece.
(2) The invention provides a preparation method of polyvinyl butyral resin, and a PVB adhesive film for an upper adhesive layer and a lower adhesive layer is prepared based on the polyvinyl butyral resin, and the PVB adhesive film has good transparency and cohesiveness, so that the adhesion is firm and the quality is light. The titanium dioxide powder has certain heat insulation performance, but the visible light transmittance of the film is seriously affected by the content of the titanium dioxide powder, so that the titanium dioxide microcapsule is added into the PVB adhesive film, the dispersion performance and the ultraviolet resistance of the nano titanium dioxide can be further improved, and the condition that the titanium dioxide powder is agglomerated in the PVB adhesive film is relieved.
According to the invention, the microcapsule material taking titanium dioxide as a core material is prepared, tetradecane is added as a gasifying agent, and the tetradecane is gasified through high-energy rays, so that the microcapsule is blasted, titanium dioxide is uniformly dispersed in a PVB adhesive film, the dispersibility of the titanium dioxide is improved, and the ultraviolet resistance of the PVB adhesive film is improved.
The invention prepares the microcapsule material taking the sulfhydrylation hyaluronic acid as one of the shell materials, the sulfhydrylation hyaluronic acid has good light transmittance, and the sulfhydrylation hyaluronic acid can enhance the light transmittance of the upper adhesive layer and the lower adhesive layer.
According to the invention, the bismaleimide is added into the PVB film, the sulfhydryl group on the sulfhydryl hyaluronic acid can be covalently connected with the maleimide group on the bismaleimide, and the two groups are mutually crosslinked, so that the tensile strength of the PVB film is improved, and the service life of the PVB film is prolonged.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The main sources of materials used in the present invention are as follows:
the PET film has a thickness of 0.15mm and is model DELS-UV-200-B release, supplied by DELS.
Polyvinyl alcohol: model: 17-99, supplied by Anhui Wanwei New materials Co., ltd.
Bismaleimide: model 5260, available from cyante corporation.
Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate: cargo number: 246840-100G, offered by sigma aldrich Shanghai trade limited.
Aminosilane coupling agent: cargo number: KH-602, offered by Zhongjie New Material Co., ltd.
Dioctyl phthalate: cargo number: n0033, supplied by sigma aldrich Shanghai trade limited.
Hyaluronic acid: cargo number: 700159P-5MG is provided by Hubei North science and technology Co.
Nano titanium dioxide, particle size: 20nm.
Example 1:
step one: preparation of polyvinyl butyral resin:
taking 100g of polyvinyl alcohol and 1000g of deionized water, heating to 98 ℃, uniformly stirring, filtering, cooling to 42 ℃, adding 52g of n-butyraldehyde, stirring for 35min to obtain a mixed solution, cooling to 35 ℃, adding 47g of 1.0% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by mass concentration, stirring for 1.5h, adding 8g of 1.0% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by mass concentration, heating to 57 ℃, reacting for 3h, cooling to 52 ℃, adding sodium hydroxide solution, regulating the pH value to 4, carrying out suction filtration and washing, adding sodium hydroxide solution, regulating the pH value to 12, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the polyvinyl butyral resin.
Step two: preparation of thiolated hyaluronic acid:
taking 0.5g of hyaluronic acid and 50mL of deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding 1g of diimine hydrochloride and 0.55g of N-hydroxysuccinimide, adding HCl to adjust the pH value to 4, reacting for 55min, adding 0.9g of cystamine dihydrochloride, reacting for 50h, dialyzing, adding sodium hydroxide, adjusting the pH value to 7.5, adding 2.4 gDL-dithiothreitol, reacting for 24h in a dark place under a nitrogen atmosphere, dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain the sulfhydrylated hyaluronic acid.
Step three: preparation of titanium dioxide microcapsules:
taking 1.5g of sorbitol monooleate, 3.5g of dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 1g of sulfhydryl hyaluronic acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain an emulsified aqueous solution;
taking 8g of titanium dioxide and 15g of isooctane solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic solution;
taking 4g of tetradecane and 35g of methyl methacrylate, uniformly stirring, adding an organic solution, uniformly stirring to obtain an oil phase, adding the oil phase into an emulsified aqueous solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 6min, heating to 62 ℃, dropwise adding 0.5g of ammonium persulfate, reacting for 5h, dialyzing for 24h, removing unreacted reaction auxiliary agent or solvent, and performing freeze drying to obtain the titanium dioxide microcapsule.
Step four: preparation of PVB adhesive film:
uniformly mixing polyvinyl butyral resin, titanium dioxide microcapsule, bismaleimide, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, an aminosilane coupling agent and a plasticizer, melting and extruding, irradiating by using an electron accelerator, wherein the electron beam is 10MeV, the beam current is 60mA, the rated power is 100kW, rolling and cutting are carried out, and the PVB adhesive film with the size of 2100mm multiplied by 1050mm multiplied by 0.8mm is obtained.
The PVB adhesive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl butyral resin, 7 parts of modified titanium dioxide microcapsule, 4.5 parts of bismaleimide, 2.5 parts of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 5 parts of aminosilane coupling agent and 23 parts of plasticizer.
Step five: preparation of a solar photovoltaic module:
and sequentially stacking the flexible light-transmitting layer, the upper adhesive layer, the solar cell layer, the lower adhesive layer and the back plate layer from top to bottom, hot-pressing for 17min at 145 ℃, and cooling to obtain the solar photovoltaic module.
Example 2:
step one: preparation of polyvinyl butyral resin:
taking 100g of polyvinyl alcohol and 1000g of deionized water, heating to 95 ℃, uniformly stirring, filtering, cooling to 40 ℃, adding 52g of n-butyraldehyde, stirring for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, cooling to 35 ℃, adding 47g of 1.0% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by mass concentration, stirring for 1h, adding 8g of 1.0% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by mass concentration, heating to 55 ℃, reacting for 2.5h, cooling to 50 ℃, adding sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 4, carrying out suction filtration and washing, adding sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 12, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the polyvinyl butyral resin.
Step two: preparation of thiolated hyaluronic acid:
taking 0.5g of hyaluronic acid and 50mL of deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding 1g of diimine hydrochloride and 0.55g of N-hydroxysuccinimide, adding HCl to adjust the pH value to 4, reacting for 50min, adding 0.9g of cystamine dihydrochloride, reacting for 46h, dialyzing, adding sodium hydroxide, adjusting the pH value to 7.5, adding 2.4 gDL-dithiothreitol, reacting for 22h in a dark place under a nitrogen atmosphere, dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain the sulfhydrylated hyaluronic acid.
Step three: preparation of titanium dioxide microcapsules:
taking 1.5g of sorbitol monooleate, 3.5g of dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 1g of sulfhydryl hyaluronic acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain an emulsified aqueous solution;
taking 8g of titanium dioxide and 15g of isooctane solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic solution;
taking 4g of tetradecane and 35g of methyl methacrylate, uniformly stirring, adding an organic solution, uniformly stirring to obtain an oil phase, adding the oil phase into an emulsified aqueous solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 5min, heating to 60 ℃, dropwise adding 0.5g of ammonium persulfate, reacting for 4h, dialyzing for 22h, removing unreacted reaction auxiliary agent or solvent, and performing freeze drying to obtain the titanium dioxide microcapsule.
Step four: preparation of PVB adhesive film:
uniformly mixing polyvinyl butyral resin, titanium dioxide microcapsule, bismaleimide, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, an aminosilane coupling agent and a plasticizer, melting and extruding, irradiating by using an electron accelerator, wherein the electron beam is 10MeV, the beam current is 60mA, rolling and cutting to obtain PVB adhesive film with the size of 2100mm multiplied by 1050mm multiplied by 0.8 mm.
The PVB adhesive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85 parts of polyvinyl butyral resin, 6 parts of modified titanium dioxide microcapsule, 4 parts of bismaleimide, 2 parts of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 4 parts of aminosilane coupling agent and 20 parts of plasticizer.
Step five: preparation of a solar photovoltaic module:
and sequentially stacking the flexible light-transmitting layer, the upper adhesive layer, the solar cell layer, the lower adhesive layer and the back plate layer from top to bottom, hot-pressing for 15min at 140 ℃, and cooling to obtain the solar photovoltaic module.
Example 3:
step one: preparation of polyvinyl butyral resin:
taking 100g of polyvinyl alcohol and 1000g of deionized water, heating to 100 ℃, uniformly stirring, filtering, cooling to 45 ℃, adding 52g of n-butyraldehyde, stirring for 40min to obtain a mixed solution, cooling to 36 ℃, adding 47g of 1.0% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by mass concentration, stirring for 2h, adding 8g of 1.0% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by mass concentration, heating to 60 ℃, reacting for 3.5h, cooling to 55 ℃, adding sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 4, carrying out suction filtration and washing, adding sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 12, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the polyvinyl butyral resin.
Step two: preparation of thiolated hyaluronic acid:
taking 0.5g of hyaluronic acid and 50mL of deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding 1g of diimine hydrochloride and 0.55g of N-hydroxysuccinimide, adding HCl to adjust the pH value to 5, reacting for 60min, adding 0.9g of cystamine dihydrochloride, reacting for 50h, dialyzing, adding sodium hydroxide, adjusting the pH value to 8, adding 2.4 gDL-dithiothreitol, reacting for 26h in a dark place under a nitrogen atmosphere, dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain the sulfhydrylated hyaluronic acid.
Step three: preparation of titanium dioxide microcapsules:
taking 1.5g of sorbitol monooleate, 3.5g of dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 1g of sulfhydryl hyaluronic acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain an emulsified aqueous solution;
taking 8g of titanium dioxide and 15g of isooctane solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic solution;
taking 4g of tetradecane and 35g of methyl methacrylate, uniformly stirring, adding an organic solution, uniformly stirring to obtain an oil phase, adding the oil phase into an emulsified aqueous solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 8min, heating to 65 ℃, dropwise adding 0.5g of ammonium persulfate, reacting for 6h, dialyzing for 26h, removing unreacted reaction auxiliary agent or solvent, and performing freeze drying to obtain the titanium dioxide microcapsule.
Step four: preparation of PVB adhesive film:
uniformly mixing polyvinyl butyral resin, titanium dioxide microcapsule, bismaleimide, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, an aminosilane coupling agent and a plasticizer, melting and extruding, irradiating by using an electron accelerator, wherein the electron beam is 10MeV, the beam current is 60mA, rolling and cutting to obtain PVB adhesive film with the size of 2100mm multiplied by 1050mm multiplied by 0.8 mm.
The PVB adhesive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 110 parts of polyvinyl butyral resin, 8 parts of modified titanium dioxide microcapsule, 5 parts of bismaleimide, 3 parts of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 6 parts of aminosilane coupling agent and 25 parts of plasticizer.
Step five: preparation of a solar photovoltaic module:
and sequentially stacking the flexible light-transmitting layer, the upper adhesive layer, the solar cell layer, the lower adhesive layer and the back plate layer from top to bottom, hot-pressing for 20min at 150 ℃, and cooling to obtain the solar photovoltaic module.
Comparative example 1: titanium dioxide was not prepared as microcapsules, and the remainder was the same as in example 1.
Step one: preparation of polyvinyl butyral resin:
taking 100g of polyvinyl alcohol and 1000g of deionized water, heating to 98 ℃, uniformly stirring, filtering, cooling to 42 ℃, adding 52g of n-butyraldehyde, stirring for 35min to obtain a mixed solution, cooling to 35 ℃, adding 47g of 1.0% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by mass concentration, stirring for 1.5h, adding 8g of 1.0% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by mass concentration, heating to 57 ℃, reacting for 3h, cooling to 52 ℃, adding sodium hydroxide solution, regulating the pH value to 4, carrying out suction filtration and washing, adding sodium hydroxide solution, regulating the pH value to 12, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the polyvinyl butyral resin.
Step two: preparation of thiolated hyaluronic acid:
taking 0.5g of hyaluronic acid and 50mL of deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding 1g of diimine hydrochloride and 0.55g of N-hydroxysuccinimide, adding HCl to adjust the pH value to 4, reacting for 55min, adding 0.9g of cystamine dihydrochloride, reacting for 50h, dialyzing, adding sodium hydroxide, adjusting the pH value to 7.5, adding 2.4 gDL-dithiothreitol, reacting for 24h in a dark place under a nitrogen atmosphere, dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain the sulfhydrylated hyaluronic acid.
Step three: preparation of titanium dioxide microcapsules:
taking 1.5g of sorbitol monooleate, 3.5g of dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 1g of sulfhydryl hyaluronic acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain an emulsified aqueous solution;
taking 8g of titanium dioxide and 15g of isooctane solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic solution;
taking 4g of tetradecane and 35g of methyl methacrylate, uniformly stirring, adding an organic solution, uniformly stirring to obtain an oil phase, adding the oil phase into an emulsified aqueous solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 6min, heating to 62 ℃, dropwise adding 0.5g of ammonium persulfate, reacting for 5h, dialyzing for 24h, removing unreacted reaction auxiliary agent or solvent, and performing freeze drying to obtain the titanium dioxide microcapsule.
Step four: preparation of PVB adhesive film:
uniformly mixing polyvinyl butyral resin, titanium dioxide microcapsule, bismaleimide, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, an aminosilane coupling agent and a plasticizer, melting and extruding, irradiating by using an electron accelerator, wherein the electron beam is 10MeV, the beam current is 60mA, rolling and cutting to obtain PVB adhesive film with the size of 2100mm multiplied by 1050mm multiplied by 0.8 mm.
The PVB adhesive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl butyral resin, 7 parts of modified titanium dioxide microcapsule, 4.5 parts of bismaleimide, 2.5 parts of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 5 parts of aminosilane coupling agent and 23 parts of plasticizer.
Step five: preparation of a solar photovoltaic module:
and sequentially stacking the flexible light-transmitting layer, the upper adhesive layer, the solar cell layer, the lower adhesive layer and the back plate layer from top to bottom, hot-pressing for 17min at 145 ℃, and cooling to obtain the solar photovoltaic module.
Comparative example 2: thiol hyaluronic acid was not added to the titania microcapsule, and the other was the same as in example 1.
Step one: preparation of polyvinyl butyral resin:
taking 100g of polyvinyl alcohol and 1000g of deionized water, heating to 98 ℃, uniformly stirring, filtering, cooling to 42 ℃, adding 52g of n-butyraldehyde, stirring for 35min to obtain a mixed solution, cooling to 35 ℃, adding 47g of 1.0% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by mass concentration, stirring for 1.5h, adding 8g of 1.0% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by mass concentration, heating to 57 ℃, reacting for 3h, cooling to 52 ℃, adding sodium hydroxide solution, regulating the pH value to 4, carrying out suction filtration and washing, adding sodium hydroxide solution, regulating the pH value to 12, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the polyvinyl butyral resin.
Step two: preparation of thiolated hyaluronic acid:
taking 0.5g of hyaluronic acid and 50mL of deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding 1g of diimine hydrochloride and 0.55g of N-hydroxysuccinimide, adding HCl to adjust the pH value to 4, reacting for 55min, adding 0.9g of cystamine dihydrochloride, reacting for 50h, dialyzing, adding sodium hydroxide, adjusting the pH value to 7.5, adding 2.4 gDL-dithiothreitol, reacting for 24h in a dark place under a nitrogen atmosphere, dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain the sulfhydrylated hyaluronic acid.
Step three: preparation of titanium dioxide microcapsules:
taking 1.5g of sorbitol monooleate, 3.5g of dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 1g of sulfhydryl hyaluronic acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain an emulsified aqueous solution;
taking 8g of titanium dioxide and 15g of isooctane solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic solution;
taking 4g of tetradecane and 35g of methyl methacrylate, uniformly stirring, adding an organic solution, uniformly stirring to obtain an oil phase, adding the oil phase into an emulsified aqueous solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 6min, heating to 62 ℃, dropwise adding 0.5g of ammonium persulfate, reacting for 5h, dialyzing for 24h, removing unreacted reaction auxiliary agent or solvent, and performing freeze drying to obtain the titanium dioxide microcapsule.
Step four: preparation of PVB adhesive film:
uniformly mixing polyvinyl butyral resin, titanium dioxide microcapsule, bismaleimide, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, an aminosilane coupling agent and a plasticizer, melting and extruding, irradiating by using an electron accelerator, wherein the electron beam is 10MeV, the beam current is 60mA, rolling and cutting to obtain PVB adhesive film with the size of 2100mm multiplied by 1050mm multiplied by 0.8 mm.
The PVB adhesive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl butyral resin, 7 parts of modified titanium dioxide microcapsule, 4.5 parts of bismaleimide, 2.5 parts of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 5 parts of aminosilane coupling agent and 23 parts of plasticizer.
Step five: preparation of a solar photovoltaic module:
and sequentially stacking the flexible light-transmitting layer, the upper adhesive layer, the solar cell layer, the lower adhesive layer and the back plate layer from top to bottom, hot-pressing for 17min at 145 ℃, and cooling to obtain the solar photovoltaic module.
Experiment:
the performance test is carried out by adopting the solar photovoltaic modules prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2, the ultraviolet ageing performance test is carried out on the PVB adhesive films in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 according to GB/T14522-2008, the ultraviolet irradiation time is 1000 hours, and the light transmittance of the PVB adhesive film after ultraviolet ageing resistance is tested. The tensile strength of the PVB films of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested according to GB/T528-2009, and the data obtained are shown in the following table:
| transmittance/% | Tensile Strength/MPa | |
| Example 1 | 92.6 | 29.1 |
| Example 2 | 92.9 | 29.4 |
| Example 3 | 92.7 | 29.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 85.3 | 27.6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 88.1 | 24.7 |
Conclusion: comparative example 1 does not prepare titanium dioxide into microcapsules, titanium dioxide is easy to agglomerate in PVB adhesive film, ultraviolet resistance of the PVB adhesive film is affected, light transmittance after ultraviolet aging resistance is greatly reduced, mercaptohyaluronic acid is not added in the titanium dioxide microcapsules in comparative example 2, light transmittance is reduced, and bismaleimide in comparative example 2 cannot be cross-linked with mercapto groups on the mercaptohyaluronic acid, so that tensile strength of the adhesive film is obviously reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a solar photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method of the solar photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: sequentially stacking the flexible light-transmitting layer, the upper adhesive layer, the solar cell layer, the lower adhesive layer and the back plate layer from top to bottom, hot-pressing for 15-20min at 140-150 ℃, and cooling to obtain a solar photovoltaic module;
the flexible light-transmitting layer is a PET film;
the upper adhesive layer and the lower adhesive layer are PVB adhesive films;
the solar cell layer is a heterojunction solar cell;
the back plate layer is a flexible PCB.
2. The method for manufacturing a solar photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the PVB adhesive film comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing polyvinyl butyral resin, titanium dioxide microcapsule, bismaleimide, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, an aminosilane coupling agent and a plasticizer, melting, extruding, irradiating, rolling and cutting to obtain the PVB adhesive film.
3. The method for manufacturing a solar photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein: the PVB adhesive film comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85-110 parts of polyvinyl butyral resin, 6-8 parts of titanium dioxide microcapsule, 4-5 parts of bismaleimide, 2-3 parts of trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, 4-6 parts of coupling agent and 20-25 parts of plasticizer.
4. The method for manufacturing a solar photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein: the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate; the coupling agent is an aminosilane coupling agent.
5. The method for manufacturing a solar photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the titanium dioxide microcapsule comprises the following steps: taking sorbitol monooleate, dodecylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and sulfhydrylation hyaluronic acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain an emulsified aqueous solution; taking titanium dioxide and isooctane solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain organic solution; and (3) uniformly stirring tetradecane and methyl methacrylate, adding an organic solution, uniformly stirring to obtain an oil phase, adding the oil phase into an emulsified aqueous solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion, heating to 60-65 ℃, dropwise adding ammonium persulfate, reacting for 4-6h, dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain the titanium dioxide microcapsule.
6. The method for manufacturing a solar photovoltaic module according to claim 5, wherein: the preparation method of the sulfhydrylation hyaluronic acid comprises the following steps: taking hyaluronic acid and deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding diimine hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide, adding HCl to adjust the pH value to 4-5, reacting for 50-60min, adding cystamine dihydrochloride, reacting for 46-50h, dialyzing, adding sodium hydroxide, adjusting the pH value to 7.5-8, adding DL-dithiothreitol, reacting for 22-26h in a dark place under nitrogen atmosphere, dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain the sulfhydryl hyaluronic acid.
7. The method for manufacturing a solar photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the polyvinyl butyral resin comprises the following steps: taking polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water, heating to 95-100 ℃, uniformly stirring, filtering, cooling to 40-45 ℃, adding n-butyraldehyde, stirring for 30-40min to obtain a mixed solution, cooling to 35-36 ℃, adding an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 1-2h, adding an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 55-60 ℃, reacting for 2.5-3.5h, cooling to 50-55 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 4, carrying out suction filtration and washing, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH value to 12, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain the polyvinyl butyral resin.
8. A solar photovoltaic module prepared by the method for preparing a solar photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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