CN116816401A - An orbital mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels and its use method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an orbit-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for a tunnel, which includes two detachable rails distributed on both sides of the tunnel, and a plurality of hydraulic pillars arranged on the detachable rails for connecting the same place. A plurality of telescopic rods of the hydraulic struts on the detachable track, an overlying scaffold provided on the top of the hydraulic strut, and a control system that controls the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic strut to adjust the upper The height and inclination of the covered scaffolding are adjusted by controlling the telescopic rod to adjust the horizontal distance between the two hydraulic struts. The invention also provides a method of using the track-type moving asymmetric temporary support device for the tunnel. The invention provides an orbit-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels, which can provide unequal initial support forces on both sides according to the different mine pressures on both sides of the asymmetric tunnel, ensuring that the surrounding rocks of the tunnel maintain better stability. The life safety of construction workers after tunnel excavation is ensured.

Description

An orbit-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels and its use method

【Technical field】

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to an orbit-type mobile asymmetric temporary tunnel support device.

【Background technique】

Affected by the geological environment of the mine, roof collapse accidents are prone to occur during underground construction of newly excavated tunnels, so workers need to manually build temporary supports. However, the speed of building temporary supports is slow and inconvenient to use, resulting in workers directly overhead. The working time exposed under the roof is long, the safety factor is low, and the safety of workers cannot be guaranteed. Moreover, the existing movable temporary support device is only suitable for square tunnels with the top level and is not very versatile. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to design a safe, convenient, and versatile temporary support device.

The geological conditions of coal mines are complex, and there are many inclined coal seam mines. For the tunnel excavation design of inclined coal seam mines, most of the tunnel excavation designs adopt the bottom breaking design, that is, the bottom of the tunnel is made horizontal, and the top is made even according to the tendency of the rock layer. The tunnel is in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid rotated by 90°. It is more difficult to manually build temporary supports for this kind of asymmetric tunnel. The stress levels on both sides of the tunnel are also different, and the existing movable temporary support devices are not suitable for this kind of tunnel.

[Content of the invention]

In order to solve the problem that the existing temporary support is slow and inconvenient to use, it is only suitable for horizontal square tunnels, is not very versatile, and cannot provide different support strengths according to areas with high stress, resulting in the inability to ensure the safety of construction workers. To solve the technical problem, the present invention provides a track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

An orbit-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for a tunnel, including two detachable rails distributed on both sides of the tunnel, and a plurality of hydraulic pillars located on the detachable rails for connecting the same detachable rails. A plurality of telescopic rods of the hydraulic struts on the track, an overlying scaffold provided on the top of the hydraulic strut, and a control system that adjusts the overlying scaffold by controlling the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic strut. The height and inclination are controlled by the telescopic rod to adjust the horizontal distance between the two hydraulic struts.

The track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels as described above also includes a fixed pin for connecting the detachable track and the hydraulic support, and the side of the detachable track is provided with positioning holes. The fixed latch connects the hydraulic prop and the positioning hole in series to fix the hydraulic prop on the detachable track.

As described above, a rail-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels, the bottom of the hydraulic pillar is provided with a track groove for sliding cooperation with the detachable track, the hydraulic pillar is pushed by the telescopic rod The bottom slides on the detachable track through the track groove.

The track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels as described above also includes a hydraulic prop controller, which connects the control system and the hydraulic prop to feed back pressure data to the hydraulic prop controller. A control system is provided for the control system to control the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic support.

The track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels as described above also includes a telescopic rod controller, which connects the control system and the hydraulic prop to adjust a plurality of the hydraulic props. the horizontal distance between them.

As described above, a track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels, the overlying scaffolding is provided with tracks on both sides, the top of the hydraulic support is a spherical structure, and the spherical structure cooperates with the track to The hydraulic strut is slid or tilted relative to the overlying scaffolding.

The track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels as described above also includes an anchor net for covering the overlying scaffolding, the overlying scaffolding is provided with a hook track, and is connected with the The hook track cooperates with the sliding anchor net draw hook to drive the anchor net to be laid or stored by moving the anchor net draw hook.

As described above, the track-type moving asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels, the hook track includes a transverse track, and a vertical track located at the end of the transverse track, and the anchor net draw hook slides to the transverse track When the anchor net hook protrudes from the overlying scaffolding to hook with the anchor net, when the anchor net draw hook slides to the vertical track, the anchor net draw hook drops below the The above-mentioned covered scaffolding is to be separated from the anchor net

The invention also provides a method for using an orbit-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels, which includes the following steps:

S1: Clear the space required for placing two detachable rails on both sides of the tunnel, lay the detachable rails, and use the fixing screw holes provided at the bottom of the detachable rails to lay and fix the rails;

S2: The detachable track provides a second installation position near the front of the tunnel and a first installation position near the rear of the tunnel. The first and second installation positions are for the hydraulic prop to be installed on it; connect the hydraulic prop with the detachable The positioning holes of the track correspond to each other, and the two are fixed by connecting them in series;

S3: Connect the hydraulic prop and telescopic rod;

S4: Install the overlying scaffolding on top of the hydraulic support;

S5: Connect the hydraulic prop controller to the control system and the hydraulic prop, and connect the telescopic rod controller to the control system and telescopic rod, so that the control system can control the hydraulic prop and telescopic rod;

S6: Lay the anchor net on the overlying scaffold, and set the anchor net retractor on the retractor track of the overlying scaffold. The construction personnel drive the anchor net retractor to pull the anchor net to the appropriate laying length, and then retract the anchor net retractor. into the vertical track so that the anchor net hooks will not protrude above the overlying scaffolding;

S7: The control system raises the hydraulic pillar to raise the overlying scaffold to the position of the tunnel roof and provides a certain amount of support to the tunnel roof. The construction workers use the gap of the scaffold to perform anchoring operations under the overlying scaffold, and move the anchor rod , anchor cables, and anchor nets are anchored to the roof and side of the tunnel; according to the monitored stress conditions of the tunnel, the support force provided by the hydraulic pillar is added to the side with greater stress, and the area with greater stress is reinforced and supported. .

The method of using the track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels as mentioned above also includes the following steps:

S8: Continue to clear the space required for placing two detachable rails on both sides of the tunnel ahead, and use the fixing screw holes provided at the bottom of the detachable rail to lay and fix the rails. The detachable rail provides the third Three installation positions for hydraulic prop installation;

S9: Reduce the height of the hydraulic prop through the control system;

S10: Remove the fixed latch on the hydraulic prop located in the second installation position, and then control the telescopic rod through the control system to push the hydraulic prop in the second installation position forward to the third installation position, and connect it with the detachable track Corresponding positioning holes, use fixed pins for series connection;

S11: Remove the fixed pin on the hydraulic prop located at the first installation position, and then control the telescopic rod through the control system to pull the hydraulic prop at the first installation position to move forward to the second installation position and connect it with the detachable track Corresponding to the positioning holes, use the fixed pins to perform series connection to complete the rack move or enter the next step;

S12: Remove the detachable track that provides the first installation position, and repeat steps S8 to S11 until the asymmetric support of the entire tunnel is completed. .

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The present invention is a track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels. Firstly, a detachable track is set up, then a hydraulic prop is installed on it, a telescopic rod is installed on the hydraulic prop, and an overlying scaffold is erected on the hydraulic prop. Finally, the control system controls the height of the hydraulic pillars on both sides respectively to adjust the inclination of the overlying scaffolding. It can provide unequal initial support forces on both sides according to the different mine pressures on both sides of the asymmetric tunnel to ensure the tunnel enclosure. The rock maintains good stability, ensuring the life safety of construction workers after tunnel excavation. At the same time, it is easy to use. When it is necessary to continue to support the tunnel, continue to lay the detachable track, then push the front hydraulic prop forward through the telescopic rod, and then push the rear hydraulic prop forward to complete the overlay. The movement of the scaffold can be used not only for temporary support after tunneling in horizontal coal seams, but also for temporary support after tunneling in inclined coal seams.

[Picture description]

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of laying anchor net according to the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of providing asymmetric initial support force according to the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of installing anchor rods and cables according to the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the tunnel after the construction of the present invention is completed;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the overlying scaffolding and the hydraulic prop of the present invention.

【Detailed ways】

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1-6, a track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for a tunnel includes two detachable rails 1 distributed on both sides of the tunnel, and a plurality of detachable rails 1 located on the detachable rails 1 The hydraulic prop 3, the telescopic rod 4 used to connect multiple hydraulic props 3 on the same detachable track 1, the overlying shelf 5 provided on the top of the hydraulic prop 3, and the control system 9, so The control system 9 adjusts the height and inclination of the overlying scaffold 5 by controlling the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic pillar 3, and adjusts the horizontal distance between the two hydraulic pillars 3 by controlling the telescopic rod 4.

The present invention is a track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels. Firstly, a detachable track is set up, then a hydraulic prop is installed on it, a telescopic rod is installed on the hydraulic prop, and an overlying scaffold is erected on the hydraulic prop. Finally, the control system controls the height of the hydraulic pillars on both sides respectively to adjust the inclination of the overlying scaffolding. It can provide unequal initial support forces on both sides according to the different mine pressures on both sides of the asymmetric tunnel to ensure the tunnel enclosure. The rock maintains good stability, ensuring the life safety of construction workers after tunnel excavation. At the same time, it is easy to use. When it is necessary to continue to support the tunnel, continue to lay the detachable track, then push the front hydraulic prop forward through the telescopic rod, and then push the rear hydraulic prop forward to complete the overlay. The movement of the scaffold can be used not only for temporary support after tunneling in horizontal coal seams, but also for temporary support after tunneling in inclined coal seams.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of this solution but not a limitation, it also includes a fixed pin 2 for connecting the detachable track 1 and the hydraulic support 3. The detachable track 1 is provided with a positioning hole 11 on the side. , the fixed latch 2 connects the hydraulic support 3 and the positioning hole 11 in series to fix the hydraulic support 3 on the detachable track 1 . It is fixed by plugging in the fixed pin and the positioning hole, which is simple to operate and the connection is firm.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of this solution but not a limitation, the bottom of the hydraulic support 3 is provided with a track groove 31 for slidingly mating with the detachable track 1 . The hydraulic support 3 is located on the telescopic rod 4 Push and slide on the detachable track 1 through the track groove 31 . Sliding design, the hydraulic support can be quickly moved forward through the telescopic rod.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of this solution but not a limitation, it also includes a hydraulic prop controller 7, which connects the control system 9 and the hydraulic prop 3 to feed back pressure data to the hydraulic prop controller 7. The control system 9 controls the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic support 3 .

Further, as a preferred embodiment of this solution but not a limitation, it also includes a telescopic rod controller 8, which connects the control system 9 and the hydraulic prop 3 to adjust a plurality of the hydraulic props. The horizontal distance between 3.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of this solution but not a limitation, rails 51 are provided on both sides of the overlying scaffold 5, and the top of the hydraulic support 3 is a spherical structure, and the spherical structure cooperates with the rails 51 to The hydraulic support 3 is made to slide or tilt relative to the overlying scaffold 5 . When the hydraulic pillars on both sides are raised with asymmetric support, the spherical structure cooperates with the track, and the overlying scaffolding can rotate at a certain angle.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present solution but not a limitation, it also includes an anchor net 52 for covering the overlying scaffold 5. The overlying scaffold 5 is provided with a hook track 53, and is connected with the anchor net 52. The hook track 53 cooperates with the sliding anchor net draw hook 6 to drive the anchor net 52 to be laid or stored by moving the anchor net draw hook 6 . There are anchor net hooks and hook tracks in the middle of the overlying scaffolding. Workers can use the anchor net hooks under the overlying scaffold to lay the anchor net.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of this solution but not a limitation, the hook track 53 includes a transverse track 531 and a vertical track 532 located at the end of the transverse track 531, and the anchor net draw hook 6 slides to the transverse track 531. When the anchor net hook 6 slides to the vertical track 531, the anchor net hook 6 protrudes from the overlying scaffold 5 to hook with the anchor net 52. The net hook 6 is lowered below the overlying scaffolding 5 so as to be separated from the anchor net 52 . When not in use, the anchor net hook can be moved downward through the vertical track without protruding from the overlying scaffolding.

A method of using a track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels, including the following steps:

S1: Clear the space required for placing two detachable rails on both sides of the tunnel, lay the detachable rails, and use the fixing screw holes provided at the bottom of the detachable rails to lay and fix the rails;

S2: The detachable track provides a second installation position near the front of the tunnel and a first installation position near the rear of the tunnel. The first and second installation positions are for the hydraulic prop to be installed on it; connect the hydraulic prop with the detachable The positioning holes of the track correspond to each other, and the two are fixed by connecting them in series;

S3: Connect the hydraulic prop and telescopic rod;

S4: Install the overlying scaffolding on top of the hydraulic support;

S5: Connect the hydraulic prop controller to the control system and the hydraulic prop, and connect the telescopic rod controller to the control system and telescopic rod, so that the control system can control the hydraulic prop and telescopic rod;

S6: Lay the anchor net on the overlying scaffold, and set the anchor net retractor on the retractor track of the overlying scaffold. The construction personnel drive the anchor net retractor to pull the anchor net to the appropriate laying length, and then retract the anchor net retractor. into the vertical track so that the anchor net hooks will not protrude above the overlying scaffolding;

S7: The control system raises the hydraulic pillar to raise the overlying scaffold to the position of the tunnel roof and provides a certain amount of support to the tunnel roof. The construction workers use the gap of the scaffold to perform anchoring operations under the overlying scaffold, and move the anchor rod 12. Anchor cables 13 and anchor net 52 are anchored to the roof and sides of the tunnel; according to the monitored stress conditions of the tunnel, the support force provided by the hydraulic pillar is added to the side with greater stress, and the area with greater stress is supplemented. Strong support.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of this solution without limitation, the following steps are also included:

S8: Continue to clear the space required for placing two detachable rails on both sides of the tunnel ahead, and use the fixing screw holes provided at the bottom of the detachable rail to lay and fix the rails. The detachable rail provides the third Three installation positions for hydraulic prop installation;

S9: Reduce the height of the hydraulic prop through the control system;

S10: Remove the fixed latch on the hydraulic prop located in the second installation position, and then control the telescopic rod through the control system to push the hydraulic prop in the second installation position forward to the third installation position, and connect it with the detachable track Corresponding positioning holes, use fixed pins for series connection;

S11: Remove the fixed pin on the hydraulic prop located at the first installation position, and then control the telescopic rod through the control system to pull the hydraulic prop at the first installation position to move forward to the second installation position and connect it with the detachable track Corresponding to the positioning holes, use the fixed pins to perform series connection to complete the rack move or enter the next step;

S12: Remove the detachable track that provides the first installation position, and repeat steps S8 to S11 until the asymmetric support of the entire tunnel is completed.

The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

The present invention is a track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels. Firstly, a detachable track is set up, then a hydraulic prop is installed on it, a telescopic rod is installed on the hydraulic prop, and an overlying scaffold is erected on the hydraulic prop. Finally, the control system controls the height of the hydraulic pillars on both sides respectively to adjust the inclination of the overlying scaffolding. It can provide unequal initial support forces on both sides according to the different mine pressures on both sides of the asymmetric tunnel to ensure the tunnel enclosure. The rock maintains good stability, ensuring the life safety of construction workers after tunnel excavation. At the same time, it is easy to use. When it is necessary to continue to support the tunnel, continue to lay the detachable track, then push the front hydraulic prop forward through the telescopic rod, and then push the rear hydraulic prop forward to complete the overlay. The movement of the scaffold can be used not only for temporary support after tunneling in horizontal coal seams, but also for temporary support after tunneling in inclined coal seams.

The above embodiments are provided in combination with specific contents, and it is not deemed that the specific implementation of the present application is limited to these descriptions. Any method or structure that is nearly similar to the method and structure of this application, or some technical deductions or substitutions based on the concept of this application, shall be deemed to be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims (10)

1. An orbit-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for a tunnel, characterized in that it includes two detachable rails (1) distributed on both sides of the tunnel, and a plurality of detachable rails (1) are arranged on the The telescopic rod (4) of the hydraulic prop (3) used to connect multiple hydraulic props (3) on the same detachable track (1) is located on the top of the hydraulic prop (3). Covered scaffolding (5), and a control system (9). The control system (9) adjusts the height and inclination of the covered scaffolding (5) by controlling the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic support (3). By controlling The telescopic rod (4) is used to adjust the horizontal distance between the two hydraulic struts (3). 2. A track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a device for connecting the detachable track (1) and the hydraulic support (3). Fixed bolt (2), the side of the detachable track (1) is provided with a positioning hole (11), the fixed bolt (2) connects the hydraulic support (3) and the positioning hole (11) in series, so as to The hydraulic support (3) is fixed on the detachable track (1). 3. A track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the hydraulic support (3) is provided with a sliding fit with the detachable track (1) The hydraulic support (3) slides on the detachable track (1) through the track groove (31) driven by the telescopic rod (4). 4. A track-type mobile tunnel asymmetric temporary support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a hydraulic prop controller (7), and the hydraulic prop controller (7) is connected to the control unit. The system (9) and the hydraulic prop (3) are used to feed back pressure data to the control system (9) and allow the control system (9) to control the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic prop (3). 5. A track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a telescopic rod controller (8), and the telescopic rod controller (8) is connected to the control device. The system (9) and the hydraulic prop (3) are used to adjust the horizontal distance between a plurality of the hydraulic props (3). 6. A track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: rails (51) are provided on both sides of the overlying scaffolding (5), and the hydraulic support (51) 3) The top is a spherical structure, and the spherical structure cooperates with the track (51) to make the hydraulic support (3) slide or tilt relative to the overlying scaffold (5). 7. A track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes an anchor net (52) for covering the overlying scaffolding (5), The overlying scaffolding (5) is provided with a hook track (53), and an anchor net draw hook (6) that slides in conjunction with the draw hook track (53). By moving the anchor net draw hook (6), all the anchor net draw hooks (6) are moved. The anchor net (52) is laid or stored. 8. An orbit-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: the hook track (53) includes a transverse track (531), and the hook track (531) is located on the transverse track (531). The vertical track (532) at the end, when the anchor net hook (6) slides to the transverse track (531), the anchor net draw hook (6) protrudes from the overlying scaffold (5) to When the anchor net hook (6) is hooked with the anchor net (52) and slides to the vertical track (532), the anchor net draw hook (6) drops below the overlying scaffolding. (5) To separate from the anchor net (52). 9. A method of using a track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels, which is characterized by including the following steps: S1: Clear the space required for placing two detachable rails on both sides of the tunnel, lay the detachable rails, and use the fixing screw holes provided at the bottom of the detachable rails to lay and fix the rails; S2: The detachable track provides a second installation position near the front of the tunnel and a first installation position near the rear of the tunnel. The first and second installation positions are for the hydraulic prop to be installed on it; connect the hydraulic prop with the detachable The positioning holes of the track correspond to each other, and the two are fixed by connecting them in series; S3: Connect the hydraulic prop and telescopic rod; S4: Install the overlying scaffolding on top of the hydraulic support; S5: Connect the hydraulic prop controller to the control system and the hydraulic prop, and connect the telescopic rod controller to the control system and telescopic rod, so that the control system can control the hydraulic prop and telescopic rod; S6: Lay the anchor net on the overlying scaffold, and set the anchor net retractor on the retractor track of the overlying scaffold. The construction personnel drive the anchor net retractor to pull the anchor net to the appropriate laying length, and then retract the anchor net retractor. into the vertical track so that the anchor net hooks will not protrude above the overlying scaffolding; S7: The control system raises the hydraulic pillar to raise the overlying scaffold to the position of the tunnel roof and provides a certain amount of support to the tunnel roof. The construction workers use the gap of the scaffold to perform anchoring operations under the overlying scaffold, and move the anchor rod , anchor cables, and anchor nets are anchored to the roof and side of the tunnel; according to the monitored stress conditions of the tunnel, the support force provided by the hydraulic pillar is added to the side with greater stress, and the area with greater stress is reinforced and supported. . 10. The method of using a track-type mobile asymmetric temporary support device for tunnels according to claim 9, characterized in that it further includes the following steps: S8: Continue to clear the space required for placing two detachable rails on both sides of the tunnel ahead, and use the fixing screw holes provided at the bottom of the detachable rail to lay and fix the rails. The detachable rail provides the third Three installation positions for hydraulic prop installation; S9: Reduce the height of the hydraulic prop through the control system; S10: Remove the fixed latch on the hydraulic prop located in the second installation position, and then control the telescopic rod through the control system to push the hydraulic prop in the second installation position forward to the third installation position, and connect it with the detachable track Corresponding positioning holes, use fixed pins for series connection; S11: Remove the fixed latch on the hydraulic prop located at the first installation position, and then control the telescopic rod through the control system to pull the hydraulic prop at the first installation position to move forward to the second installation position and connect it with the detachable track Corresponding to the positioning holes, use fixed pins to perform series connection and fixation to complete the rack move or enter the next step; S12: Remove the detachable track that provides the first installation position, and repeat steps S8 to S11 until the asymmetric support of the entire tunnel is completed.