CN116814389A - System for utilize organic waste to prepare methane - Google Patents
System for utilize organic waste to prepare methane Download PDFInfo
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- CN116814389A CN116814389A CN202310882846.1A CN202310882846A CN116814389A CN 116814389 A CN116814389 A CN 116814389A CN 202310882846 A CN202310882846 A CN 202310882846A CN 116814389 A CN116814389 A CN 116814389A
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- organic waste
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 250
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZFRKQXVRDFCRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N skatole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=CNC2=C1 ZFRKQXVRDFCRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008160 pyridoxine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011677 pyridoxine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940074386 skatole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/48—Automatic or computerized control
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
- C12M43/08—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices or plants for production of electricity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/02—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
Abstract
The invention discloses a system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste, which comprises a crushing workshop, a premixing stirring tank, a separation workshop, a nitrifying tank, a rapid sedimentation tank, a biological wall breaking tank, a methane tank, a gas storage cabinet, a gas purifying workshop and a power generation workshop, wherein the organic waste is crushed in the crushing workshop and then added with recycled sewage to form a liquefied state, the liquefied organic waste is transported to the premixing stirring tank to be stirred, the organic waste is pumped into the separation workshop to separate inorganic products, the separated organic products enter the nitrifying tank to stay for a certain time, the organic products enter the rapid sedimentation tank to be concentrated, the concentrated organic products are pumped into the biological wall breaking tank, the organic products after wall breaking enter the methane tank to be subjected to anaerobic fermentation to generate methane, the generated methane enters the gas purifying workshop through the gas storage cabinet, the purified methane enters the power generation workshop, and the generated electric energy is merged into a power grid after passing through a transformer substation. The invention changes various organic wastes into methane by the action of nitrifying bacteria and methane bacteria.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste.
Background
Along with the industrial activities and living activities of people, a large amount of organic wastes are generated, such as activated sludge, fruit and vegetable garbage, green stems and leaves, animal wastes, kitchen garbage, livestock and poultry dying of illness and the like of a living sewage treatment plant. The organic waste may contain harmful substances such as bacteria, viruses, heavy metals and the like, and if the harmful substances are improperly treated, the harmful substances can cause the discharge of pollutants such as waste water, waste gas and the like, pollute the air, water and soil, and influence the ecological environment and human health. On the other hand, the organic waste is rich in organic substances and nutrient substances, and can be a renewable resource if being reasonably utilized.
The technology of China in the aspects of organic waste recovery, treatment and the like is not perfect, the main treatment modes of the organic waste are incineration and landfill, and the treatment modes can cause serious pollution and harm to the environment. The incineration treatment method can generate a large amount of waste gas, wherein the waste gas comprises harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide, dioxin and the like, which threatens the air quality and human health; the landfill treatment method not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also can generate harmful substances such as percolate and the like, thereby polluting underground water and soil. In addition, the incineration and landfill treatment methods cannot fully utilize the intrinsic value of the organic waste, a large amount of waste heat is generated in the incineration treatment method, the landfill treatment method only buries the organic waste on the land, and a large amount of malodorous waste gas such as hydrogen sulfide, skatole (pyridoxine), methyl mercaptan, trimethylamine, dimethyl disulfide and the like is generated during buries, so that organic substances and nutrient substances in the organic waste cannot be reasonably utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects that the existing organic waste treatment technology can generate environmental and human body harm and the intrinsic value of the organic waste is not fully utilized, the invention provides a system for preparing methane by utilizing the organic waste. According to the invention, various organic wastes are liquefied and converted through the training and conversion of nitrifying bacteria and methane bacteria, so that the organic wastes are changed into methane which is beneficial to human beings, and the internal combustion type generator set is arranged to generate a large amount of electric energy by utilizing the full combustion characteristic of methane, so that the organic wastes become clean energy which is beneficial to the national world and people, the self characteristics of the organic wastes are fully utilized, waste materials are changed into valuable materials, and the environment is protected, thereby being beneficial to the development of environmental protection and circulating product chains.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste comprises a crushing workshop, a premixing stirring tank, a separation workshop, a nitrification tank, a rapid sedimentation tank, a biological wall breaking tank, a methane tank, a gas storage cabinet, a gas purifying workshop and a power generation workshop,
the method comprises the steps of crushing organic waste in a crushing workshop, adding recycled sewage to form a liquefaction state, transporting the liquefied organic waste into a premixing stirring tank, stirring, pumping into a separation workshop to separate inorganic products, enabling the separated organic products to enter a nitrification tank, enabling the organic products to stay in the nitrification tank for a certain time, enabling the organic products to enter a rapid sedimentation tank for concentration, pumping the concentrated organic products into a biological wall breaking tank, enabling the organic products after wall breaking to enter a biogas tank for anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas, enabling the generated biogas to enter a clean gas workshop through a gas storage cabinet, enabling the purified biogas to enter a power generation workshop, and enabling the generated electric energy to be integrated into a power grid after passing through a transformer substation.
The collected organic waste, mainly a large amount of household garbage, such as solid part of fruit and vegetable garbage, green stems and leaves, animal manure, active sludge in slurry part and the like, directly enters a premixing stirring tank, and the collected organic waste (solid part) is crushed in a crushing workshop in advance by a crusher with more than 300 meshes and is poured into the premixing stirring tank by a dump truck. The premixing stirring pool is internally provided with a high-speed stirrer, a medium-speed stirrer and a low-speed stirrer, the front end of the premixing stirring pool is added with recycled sewage to mix the organic waste into a liquefied state, and three stirrers with different rotation speeds are utilized to gradually stir the organic waste uniformly. The organic waste is stirred uniformly and then pumped into a separation workshop, inorganic products are separated out by special separation equipment (such as an internal-inlet type rolling separator) of the separation workshop, and the liquefied organic products enter a nitrifying pond. The nitrifying pond is internally provided with a downward-extending aeration device, nitrifying bacteria are trained by an aeration system, organic products stay in the nitrifying pond for a certain time, and the organic products enter the rapid sedimentation pond after being treated by the nitrifying bacteria. The rapid sedimentation tank is used for concentrating the nitrified organic product in a physical way, wherein the supernatant is recycled to the front end of the premixing stirring tank for liquefying the subsequent organic waste, and the concentrated organic product is pumped into a high-pressure biological wall breaking tank. The biological wall breaking tank is internally provided with gas pressurizing equipment and ultrasonic equipment, and organic products are broken by high-pressure ultrasonic waves and then enter the biogas digester through an automatic valve. And adding a proper amount of methane bacteria into the biogas digester according to related parameters, performing anaerobic fermentation on organic products to generate biogas, enabling the generated biogas to enter a gas storage cabinet into a gas purifying workshop, enabling the purified biogas to enter an internal combustion generator set of a power generation workshop through a pressurizing system, and enabling the generated electric energy to be integrated into a power grid after being transformed by a transformer substation.
The system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste comprises the anoxic tank arranged at the front end of the nitrification tank and the aerobic tank arranged at the rear end of the nitrification tank, wherein the anoxic tank is internally provided with the plug flow stirrer, the aerobic tank is internally provided with the downward-extending aeration equipment, and the nitrification tank is provided with the return pipe, so that part of mixed liquid at the tail end of the aerobic tank flows back to the starting end of the anaerobic tank through the return pipe.
The system for preparing methane by utilizing the organic waste comprises the rapid sedimentation tank, wherein the rapid sedimentation tank is provided with the stirrer and the vertical flow sedimentation tank, the stirrer comprises a high-speed stirrer, a medium-speed stirrer and a low-speed stirrer, the stirrer breaks the surface tension of the nitrified organic product, nitrified mixed liquid containing the organic product flows into the vertical flow sedimentation tank, water is uniformly distributed in the vertical flow sedimentation tank, so that the organic product rapidly sinks in the sedimentation zone, and water flow rapidly rises.
Furthermore, the supernatant fluid of the sedimentation zone is mixed with crushed organic waste before flowing back to the premixing stirring tank through a pressure return pipe of the sedimentation tank, and organic products and flora at the lower part of the sedimentation zone enter a biological wall breaking tank through a pressure pipe.
The system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste adopts a closed structure, when in feeding, the pressure reducing valve and the feeding valve are opened, organic products are fed into the wall breaking tank through the feeding valve by the pressurizing pump, when the feeding is finished, the feeding valve is closed, the pressure reducing valve is automatically closed, the air inlet valve is opened, medium-high pressure gas is injected inwards, when the internal pressure of the biological wall-breaking tank reaches a set pressure, the ultrasonic equipment is started, after a plurality of times, the discharge valve is opened, and organic products in the biological wall-breaking tank are discharged to the methane tank through the discharge valve under the pressure of the medium-high pressure gas.
Further, set up the temporary storage room between quick sedimentation tank and biological broken wall pond, the bottom feed inlet of temporary storage room connects the bottom of quick sedimentation tank, and the temporary storage room is vertical structure, and the bottom of temporary storage room sets up the feed valve.
In the system for preparing methane by using the organic waste, the annular material distribution pipe is arranged in the methane tank, and is a plurality of distances away from the bottom of the methane tank, and the broken organic product uniformly and continuously flows into the bottom of the methane tank through the annular material distribution pipe.
The system for preparing methane by utilizing the organic waste is characterized in that a deslagging device and a heating coil are arranged at the lower part in the methane tank, the deslagging device is connected with the front end of the nitrifying tank through a gravity pipeline, a water decanting device and a methane gas chamber are arranged at the upper part in the methane tank, the water decanting device is connected with the front end of the premixing stirring tank, supernatant in the methane tank flows into the front end of the premixing stirring tank through the gravity pipeline to be mixed with the crushed organic waste, the methane gas chamber is communicated with a methane storage cabinet through a methane pipeline, and methane flows into the methane storage cabinet through the methane pipeline.
According to the system for preparing methane by utilizing the organic waste, the gas storage cabinets are arranged in parallel, the methane tank is communicated with the gas storage cabinets through the methane pipes, methane generated by the methane tank enters the parallel multiple groups of gas storage cabinets, condensate water drainage equipment is arranged at the bottom of each group of gas storage cabinets, water vapor carried by the methane is condensed through the condensate water drainage equipment, and after the condensate water level is measured according to the acoustic wave interface instrument in the gas storage cabinet, the condensate water is discharged to the front end of the premixing stirring tank through the gravity pipeline or the pressure pipeline.
According to the system for preparing methane by utilizing the organic waste, methane generated by the methane tank enters the interior of the methane workshop through the methane pipe, the methane directly enters the internal combustion generating set of the power generation workshop after being desulfurized and denitrated, and sewage generated after desulfurization and denitration flows back to the front end of the premixing stirring tank through the sewage return pipe and is mixed with the crushed organic waste.
According to the system for preparing methane by utilizing the organic waste, the organic product obtained after nitrifying and separating the nitrifying bacteria is arranged in the nitrifying pond, and after a period of time, the nitrifying bacteria and the organic product enter the biological wall-breaking pond together, so that nitrifying enzymes in the nitrifying bacteria overflow out of cells, the nitrifying bacteria, the nitrifying enzymes and the organic product enter the methane tank together, methane bacteria are arranged in the methane tank, and the methane bacteria decompose cell content liquid of the nitrifying bacteria and the organic product and synthesize methane.
According to the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that,
1. the materials in the three system units of the nitrifying pond, the high-pressure wall-breaking pond and the methane tank can be recycled, and meanwhile, the organic products can be recycled in the three system units, so that the residues and waste liquid of the waste can be effectively reduced, the recycling and reduction of the organic waste are realized, the nitrifying, wall-breaking and gas production efficiency of the organic products is improved, the organic products can be completely converted into methane, the effective conversion capability of nitrifying bacteria and methane bacteria is fully utilized, and the utilization value of the organic waste is improved.
2. The system has no sewage discharge in the whole biogas preparation process, realizes green environmental protection, is beneficial to the protection of ecological environment, and reduces the cost of sewage treatment and the like.
3. The system avoids the pollution of organic waste to the environment, realizes the utilization of the waste and the production of clean energy by converting the organic waste into methane, avoids the environmental pollution problem caused by the traditional treatment modes such as incineration or landfill, and realizes the conversion and the utilization of the energy by converting the organic waste into methane and using the methane for power generation. The internal combustion generator set in the system can fully burn methane to generate electric energy, and realize grid connection or direct supply to users, so that the energy cost can be reduced, and the dependence on external energy sources is reduced.
4. The system can realize automatic control and unattended operation, reduces labor cost, has high sustainability in system operation, and realizes sustainable utilization of resources and sustainable development of energy sources by recycling organic wastes and intermediate products, including adopting special strains.
5. The system improves the effective conversion from nitrifying bacteria to methane bacteria, the liquefied organic products are sent into the nitrifying pond, oxygen and nitrifying bacteria are added for oxidation reaction, organic matters are decomposed into ammonia, nitrogen and nitrate, a large amount of nitrifying bacteria are generated, the nitrified organic products are sent into the high-pressure biological wall-breaking pond, the cell walls of the organic products and the nitrifying bacteria are broken through the pressurization and the effect of ultrasonic waves, the internal dissolved organic matters are released, more food sources are provided for the methane bacteria, the fermentation effect of the methane bacteria on the organic products is promoted under the anaerobic environment, and the quality and the quantity of methane are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 1.
Wherein, each reference sign in the figure:
1. crushing a workshop; 2. a premixing stirring pool; 3. separating a workshop; 4. a nitrifying pond; 5. a rapid sedimentation tank; 51. a temporary storage chamber; 6. a biological wall breaking tank; 7. a methane tank; 8. a gas holder; 9. a gas purifying workshop; 10. a power generation workshop; 11. a sewage return pipe; 12. an organic material pipe; 13. a biogas residue pipe; 14. biogas pipes; 15. and a nitrifying mixed liquid pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, and comprises a crushing plant 1, a premixing stirring tank 2, a separation plant 3, a nitrification tank 4, a rapid sedimentation tank 5, a biological wall breaking tank 6, a methane tank 7, a gas holder 8, a clean gas plant 9 and a power generation plant 10. The organic waste is crushed in a crushing workshop 1 and added with backflow sewage to form a liquefaction state, the liquefied organic waste is conveyed into a premixing stirring tank 2 to be stirred, inorganic products are separated out by pumping and enter a separation workshop 3, the separated organic products enter a nitrification tank 4, the organic products enter a rapid sedimentation tank 5 to be concentrated after staying in the nitrification tank 4 for a certain time, the concentrated organic products are pumped into a biological wall breaking tank 6, the organic products after wall breaking enter a biogas tank 7 to be subjected to anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas, the generated biogas enters a clean gas workshop 9 through a gas storage cabinet 8, the purified biogas enters a power generation workshop 10, and the generated electric energy is merged into a power grid after passing through a transformer substation.
The collected organic waste, mainly a large amount of household garbage, such as solid part of fruit and vegetable garbage, green stems and leaves, animal manure, active sludge in slurry part and the like, directly enters a premixing and stirring tank 2, and the collected organic waste (solid part) is crushed in a crushing workshop 1 by a crusher with more than 300 meshes in advance and is poured into the premixing and stirring tank 2 by a dump truck.
The premixing stirring tank 2 is internally provided with a high-speed stirrer, a medium-speed stirrer and a low-speed stirrer, the front end of the premixing stirring tank 2 is added with reflux sewage to mix the organic wastes into a liquefied state, and three stirrers with different rotation speeds are used for gradually stirring the organic wastes uniformly.
The organic waste is pumped to the organic material pipe 12 after being uniformly stirred, enters the separation workshop 3 through the organic material pipe 12, is separated out of inorganic products through special separation equipment (such as an internal feeding type rolling separator) of the separation workshop 3, and is discharged, and liquefied organic products enter the nitrification tank 4 through the organic material pipe 12.
The nitrifying pond 4 is internally provided with a downward-extending aeration device, nitrifying bacteria are trained by an aeration system, organic products stay in the nitrifying pond 4 for a certain time, and after being treated by nitrifying bacteria, the organic products enter the rapid sedimentation pond 5 through the organic material pipe 12. The nitrification tank 4 is arranged in an anoxic tank at the front end and an aerobic tank at the rear end, a plug flow stirrer is arranged in the anoxic tank, a downward-extending aeration device is arranged in the aerobic tank, and the nitrification tank 4 is provided with a nitrification mixed liquid pipe 15, so that part of mixed liquid at the tail end of the aerobic tank flows back to the starting end of the anaerobic tank through the nitrification mixed liquid pipe 15.
After nitrifying bacteria are arranged in the nitrifying pond 4, nitrifying bacteria and organic products enter the biological wall-breaking pond 6 together after a period of time, so that nitrifying enzymes in nitrifying bacteria overflow out of cells, nitrifying bacteria, nitrifying enzymes and organic products enter the methane tank 7 together, methane bacteria are arranged in the methane tank 7, and methane bacteria decompose cell content liquid of nitrifying bacteria and organic products and synthesize methane.
The rapid sedimentation tank 5 is used for concentrating the nitrified organic product in a physical way, wherein the supernatant is recycled to the front end of the premixing stirring tank 2 for liquefying the subsequent organic waste, and the concentrated organic product is pumped into the high-pressure biological wall breaking tank 6. The rapid sedimentation tank 5 is provided with a stirrer and a vertical flow sedimentation tank, the stirrer comprises a high-speed stirrer, a medium-speed stirrer and a low-speed stirrer, the stirrer breaks the surface tension of the nitrified organic product, nitrified mixed liquid containing the organic product flows into the vertical flow sedimentation tank, water is uniformly distributed in the vertical flow sedimentation tank, so that the organic product rapidly sinks in the sedimentation zone, and water flow rapidly rises. The supernatant in the sedimentation zone is mixed with crushed organic waste before being returned to the premixing stirring tank 2 through a sewage return pipe 11 driven by the pressure of the sedimentation tank, and organic products and flora at the lower part of the sedimentation zone enter a biological wall breaking tank 6 through a pressure pipe.
A temporary storage chamber 51 is arranged between the rapid sedimentation tank 5 and the biological wall-breaking tank 6, and when the biological wall-breaking tank 6 is subjected to high-pressure ultrasonic wall breaking, organic products from the rapid sedimentation tank 5 temporarily stay in the temporary storage chamber 51. The rapid sedimentation tank 5 is connected with a temporary storage chamber 51 through an organic material pipe 12, and the temporary storage chamber 51 is connected with the biological wall breaking tank 6 through the organic material pipe 12. The bottom feed inlet of temporary storage room 51 connects quick sedimentation tank 5's bottom, and temporary storage room 51 is vertical structure, and the bottom of temporary storage room 51 sets up the feed valve.
The biological wall breaking tank 6 is internally provided with gas pressurizing equipment and ultrasonic equipment, and organic products are broken by high-pressure ultrasonic waves and then enter the biogas digester 7 through an automatic valve. The biological wall breaking tank 6 is of a closed structure, when feeding, a pressure reducing valve and a feeding valve are opened, organic products are fed to the wall breaking tank through the feeding valve by a pressurizing pump, when the feeding is completed, the feeding valve is closed, the pressure reducing valve is automatically closed, an air inlet valve is opened, medium-high pressure air is injected inwards, when the internal pressure of the biological wall breaking tank 6 reaches a set pressure, an ultrasonic device is started, after a plurality of times, a discharging valve is opened, and the organic products in the biological wall breaking tank 6 are discharged to the biogas tank 7 through a discharging valve and an organic material pipe 12 under the driving of the pressure of the medium-high pressure air.
The methane tank 7 is internally provided with a proper amount of methane strains according to related parameters, organic products are subjected to anaerobic fermentation to generate methane, the generated methane enters a clean gas workshop 9 through a gas storage cabinet 8, the purified methane enters an internal combustion generator set of a power generation workshop 10 through a pressurizing system, and the generated electric energy is transformed by a transformer substation and then is merged into a power grid.
An annular material distribution pipe is arranged in the methane tank 7, the annular material distribution pipe is a plurality of distances away from the tank bottom of the methane tank 7, and the organic products after wall breaking uniformly and continuously flow into the tank bottom of the methane tank 7 through the annular material distribution pipe. The lower part in the biogas digester 7 is provided with a slag discharging device and a heating coil, the slag discharging device is connected with the front end of the nitrifying tank 4 through a biogas slag pipe 13 driven by gravity, the upper part in the biogas digester 7 is provided with a water decanting device and a biogas air chamber, the water decanting device is connected with the front end of the premixing stirring tank 2, supernatant in the biogas digester 7 flows into the front end of the premixing stirring tank 2 through a sewage return pipe 11 driven by gravity to be mixed with crushed organic waste, the biogas air chamber is communicated with the gas storage cabinet 8 through a biogas pipe 14, and biogas flows into the gas storage cabinet 8 through the biogas pipe 14.
The gas storage cabinets 8 are arranged in parallel, the methane tank 7 is communicated with the gas storage cabinets 8 through a methane pipe 14, methane generated by the methane tank 7 enters a plurality of groups of gas storage cabinets 8 in parallel, condensate water drainage equipment is arranged at the bottom of each group of gas storage cabinets 8, water vapor carried by the methane is condensed by the condensate water drainage equipment, and after the condensate water level is measured according to a sound wave interface instrument in the gas storage cabinet 8, a sewage return pipe 11 driven by condensate water gravity or pressure is discharged to the front end of the premixing stirring tank 2.
Biogas generated by the biogas digester 7 enters the interior of the biogas cleaning workshop 9 through the biogas pipe 14, the biogas directly enters an internal combustion generating set of the power generation workshop 10 through the biogas pipe 14 after desulfurization and denitration, and sewage generated after desulfurization and denitration flows back to the front end of the premixing stirring tank 2 through the sewage return pipe 11 to be mixed with crushed organic waste.
The above description is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but all modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste is characterized by comprising a crushing workshop, a premixing stirring tank, a separation workshop, a nitrifying tank, a rapid sedimentation tank, a biological wall breaking tank, a methane tank, a gas storage cabinet, a gas purifying workshop and a power generation workshop,
the method comprises the steps of crushing organic waste in a crushing workshop, adding recycled sewage to form a liquefaction state, transporting the liquefied organic waste into a premixing stirring tank, stirring, pumping into a separation workshop to separate inorganic products, enabling the separated organic products to enter a nitrification tank, enabling the organic products to stay in the nitrification tank for a certain time, enabling the organic products to enter a rapid sedimentation tank for concentration, pumping the concentrated organic products into a biological wall breaking tank, enabling the organic products after wall breaking to enter a biogas tank for anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas, enabling the generated biogas to enter a clean gas workshop through a gas storage cabinet, enabling the purified biogas to enter a power generation workshop, and enabling the generated electric energy to be integrated into a power grid after passing through a transformer substation.
2. The system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the nitrification tank is arranged in an anoxic tank at the front end and an aerobic tank at the rear end, a plug flow stirrer is arranged in the anoxic tank, a downward-extending aeration device is arranged in the aerobic tank, and a return pipe is arranged in the nitrification tank, so that part of mixed liquor at the tail end of the aerobic tank flows back to the starting end of the anaerobic tank through the return pipe.
3. The system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the rapid sedimentation tank is provided with a stirrer and a vertical flow sedimentation tank, the stirrer comprises a high-speed stirrer, a medium-speed stirrer and a low-speed stirrer, the stirrer breaks the surface tension of the nitrified organic product, nitrified mixed liquid containing the organic product flows into the vertical flow sedimentation tank, water is uniformly distributed in the vertical flow sedimentation tank, so that the organic product rapidly sinks in the sedimentation tank, and water flow rapidly rises.
4. The system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein methane generated by the methane tank enters the interior of a methane workshop through a methane pipe, the methane directly enters an internal combustion generating set of a power generation workshop after being desulfurized and denitrated, and sewage generated after desulfurization and denitration flows back to the front end of the premixing stirring tank through a sewage return pipe to be mixed with the crushed organic waste.
5. The system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the biological wall breaking tank is of a closed structure, the pressure reducing valve and the feeding valve are opened during feeding, organic products are fed to the wall breaking tank through the feeding valve by a pressurizing pump, the feeding valve is closed after the feeding is completed, the pressure reducing valve is automatically closed, the air inlet valve is opened, medium-high pressure air is injected inwards, when the internal pressure of the biological wall breaking tank reaches a set pressure, the ultrasonic equipment is started, the discharging valve is opened after a plurality of times, and the organic products in the biological wall breaking tank are discharged to the methane tank through the discharging valve under the pressure of the medium-high pressure air.
6. The system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste according to claim 5, wherein a temporary storage chamber is arranged between the rapid sedimentation tank and the biological wall-breaking tank, a bottom feed port of the temporary storage chamber is connected with the bottom of the rapid sedimentation tank, the temporary storage chamber is in a vertical structure, and a feed valve is arranged at the bottom of the temporary storage chamber.
7. The system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the annular material distribution pipe is arranged in the methane tank, the annular material distribution pipe is a plurality of distances away from the bottom of the methane tank, and the broken organic product uniformly and continuously flows into the bottom of the methane tank through the annular material distribution pipe.
8. The system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein a slag discharging device and a heating coil are arranged at the lower part in the methane tank, the slag discharging device is connected with the front end of the nitrifying tank through a gravity pipeline, a water decanting device and a methane gas chamber are arranged at the upper part in the methane tank, the water decanting device is connected with the front end of the premixing and stirring tank, supernatant in the methane tank flows into the front end of the premixing and stirring tank through the gravity pipeline to be mixed with crushed organic waste, the methane gas chamber is communicated with a gas storage tank through a methane pipeline, and methane flows into the gas storage tank through the methane pipeline.
9. The system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the gas storage cabinets are arranged in parallel, the methane tank is communicated with the gas storage cabinets through a methane pipe, methane generated by the methane tank enters a plurality of groups of gas storage cabinets in parallel, condensate water drainage equipment is arranged at the bottom of each group of gas storage cabinets, water vapor carried by the methane is condensed by the condensate water drainage equipment, and after the condensate water level is measured according to an acoustic wave interface instrument in the gas storage cabinet, the condensate water is discharged to the front end of the premixing stirring tank through a gravity pipeline or a pressure pipeline.
10. The system for preparing methane by utilizing organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the nitrifying bacteria are arranged in the nitrifying pond, the nitrifying bacteria and the organic product are fed into the biological wall-breaking pond together after a period of time, so that nitrifying enzymes in the nitrifying bacteria overflow out of cells, the nitrifying bacteria, the nitrifying enzymes and the organic product are fed into the methane tank together, methane bacteria are arranged in the methane tank, and the methane bacteria decompose cell contents of the nitrifying bacteria and the organic product and synthesize methane.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310882846.1A CN116814389A (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2023-07-18 | System for utilize organic waste to prepare methane |
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| CN202310882846.1A CN116814389A (en) | 2023-07-18 | 2023-07-18 | System for utilize organic waste to prepare methane |
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