CN116813153B - Method for treating acidic wastewater - Google Patents
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- CN116813153B CN116813153B CN202311074951.9A CN202311074951A CN116813153B CN 116813153 B CN116813153 B CN 116813153B CN 202311074951 A CN202311074951 A CN 202311074951A CN 116813153 B CN116813153 B CN 116813153B
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241000588986 Alcaligenes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 241001092070 Eriobotrya Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000009008 Eriobotrya japonica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 108090000317 Chymotrypsin Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002376 chymotrypsin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000001398 Typha domingensis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 241000233948 Typha Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001673062 Achromobacter xylosoxidans Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2] RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588813 Alcaligenes faecalis Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000206744 Phaeodactylum tricornutum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004103 aerobic respiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940005347 alcaligenes faecalis Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
- C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/342—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the enzymes used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly provides a method for treating acidic wastewater, which comprises the following steps: step one: introducing the acidic wastewater into a pretreatment tank, and introducing a shallow medium filter for filtering to obtain pretreated wastewater; step two: introducing the pretreated wastewater into an open biological treatment tank, wherein the depth of the biological treatment tank is 0.2-0.4 m, adding an active carrier with the volume of 6-9% of the pretreated wastewater, and reacting at the temperature of 27-29 ℃ for 8 hours to reduce acidity and heavy metals, thereby obtaining mixed wastewater; step three: and (5) introducing the mixed wastewater into a bag filter, and filtering the mixed wastewater by 130 meshes to finish wastewater treatment. The invention utilizes smooth side chain algae to provide oxygen and adsorb heavy metal for Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies (aerobic bacteria), and Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies carry out denitrification and simultaneously produce alkali, thereby improving the ph value of wastewater, reducing the acidity and heavy metal of acidic wastewater, and all components can be biodegraded without secondary pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a method for treating acidic wastewater.
Background
The acidic wastewater refers to wastewater with pH value lower than 7, and is commonly used in the industries of chemical industry, electroplating, metallurgy, mine and the like. Therefore, neutralization treatment and heavy metal treatment of acidic wastewater are one of the important links of wastewater treatment. At present, the common neutralization treatment methods of the acid wastewater are dosing neutralization, an ion exchange resin method, a membrane method and the like; common heavy metal treatment comprises the steps of adding corresponding chemical reagents for precipitation, membrane filtration and removal and the like. However, the method is easy to generate secondary pollution and conflicts with the current environment-friendly concept, and is low in treatment efficiency and low in cost performance. The research scope of biological treatment methods is still limited in the field of activated sludge, the treatment efficiency is low, and the compound treatment effect is lacking. Therefore, there is a need in the market for a method that can simultaneously reduce the acidity and heavy metals of acidic wastewater without secondary pollution by biodegradation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a method for treating acidic wastewater, which comprises the following steps:
step one: introducing acidic wastewater into a pretreatment tank, naturally precipitating for 2h, introducing the upper half layer into a shallow medium filter, and filtering to obtain pretreated wastewater, wherein quartz sand is used as the medium of the shallow medium filter, the particle size of the quartz sand is 0.8mm, and the density of the quartz sand filter layer is 2.65g/cm 3 ；
Step two: introducing the pretreated wastewater into an open biological treatment tank, wherein the depth of the biological treatment tank is 0.2-0.4 m, adding an active carrier with the volume of 6-9% of the pretreated wastewater, and reacting at the temperature of 27-29 ℃ for 8 hours to reduce acidity and heavy metals, thereby obtaining mixed wastewater;
step three: introducing the mixed wastewater into a bag filter, filtering with 130 meshes, and discharging filtrate to finish wastewater treatment;
the preparation method of the active carrier comprises the following steps:
step one: immersing fresh cattail inflorescence segments into biological extracting solution, taking out, putting into a high-temperature blast drier, and returning air at 70-90 ℃ for 40m 3 Heating for 70min, and solidifying the biological extract on the surface of the inflorescence segment to obtain a once-treated inflorescence;
step two: the Alcaligenes xylosoxidans denitration subspecies, smooth side chain algae and the biological extract are mixed according to the proportion of 3:4: mixing at a weight ratio of 100, coating on the surface of the primary treated inflorescence to obtain a secondary treated inflorescence, and drying the secondary treated inflorescence in a high-temperature blastAir return is carried out for 60m at 30-40 ℃ in the machine 3 Heating for 10min, and fixing the Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies and the smooth side chain algae on the surface of the secondary treatment inflorescence to obtain the active carrier;
the preparation method of the biological extract comprises the following steps:
step one: cutting fresh meat of the big loquat snails, adding chymotrypsin accounting for 3% of the mass fraction of the meat, pouring the minced meat into a colloid mill together, and circularly grinding the minced meat for 30min at 36 ℃ at 1200-1500 r/min to obtain big loquat snail dissociation liquid;
step two: centrifuging the large loquat spiral dissociation solution at 7000r/min for 5min to obtain an upper liquid to obtain the biological extraction solution.
Further, the biological treatment tank depth is 0.3m.
Further, the active carrier input volume is 8% of the pretreatment wastewater volume.
Further, the reaction temperature of the biological treatment tank is 28 ℃.
Further, in the step one of the preparation method of the active carrier, the heating temperature of the high-temperature blast drier is 80 ℃.
Further, the heating temperature of the high-temperature blast drier in the second step of the preparation method of the active carrier is 35 ℃.
Further, in the step one of the preparation method of the biological extract, the grinding speed of the colloid mill is 1400r/min.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, quartz sand with specific particle size is used for filtering, so that the rapid filtering speed is ensured while the large-scale impurities are removed to avoid the later filtering blockage; the invention uses the open-air biological treatment pool with specific depth, which not only ensures that smooth side-chain algae receives enough illumination intensity to photosynthesis so as to reproduce and produce oxygen, but also ensures that the pool bottom has space to settle; the specific addition amount of the active carrier ensures the reaction efficiency and controls the cost; the reaction temperature of the specific biological treatment tank is determined by the optimal temperature of the specific active carrier, so that smooth side chain algae in the active carrier and Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies jointly obtain better growth and propagation conditions, thereby improving the wastewater treatment efficiency; the filtering mesh of the bag filter is to leave the special active carrier and sediment thereof (mainly dead cells of smooth side-chain algae adsorbed with heavy metals), and the filter residue left by filtering adsorbs a large amount of heavy metals for recovery treatment.
The invention utilizes the small density of cattail inflorescence segments to provide buoyancy for the active carrier so that smooth side chain algae can easily obtain larger light intensity, and utilizes the larger specific surface area of cattail inflorescence segments to be thermally bonded with the biological extract to solidify the biological extract on the surface of inflorescence segments; the heating temperature of the high-temperature blast drier in the first step not only completes dehydration and solidification, but also does not excessively damage the structure of cattail inflorescence sections; the ratio of the Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies, the smooth side chain algae and the biological extract is very important, so that oxygen generated by photosynthesis of the smooth side chain algae is enough to supply aerobic respiration of the Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies, and the biological extract matched with the step one provides a nutritional environment for faster growth of the smooth side chain algae; the heating temperature of the high-temperature blast drier in the second step not only completes solidification, but also does not excessively destroy the activity of Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies and smooth side chain algae.
The biological extract adopts a colloid mill with a specific grinding rotating speed to fully crush the large loquat spiral meat without excessively damaging the activity of chymotrypsin; the centrifugal speed of the present invention is determined by the specific viscosity desired and the specific gravity of the biological extract of the nutrient.
The invention utilizes smooth side chain algae to provide oxygen and adsorb heavy metal for Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies (aerobic bacteria), and Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies carry out denitrification and simultaneously produce alkali, thereby improving the ph value of wastewater, reducing the acidity and heavy metal of acidic wastewater, and all components can be biodegraded without secondary pollution.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention, the following describes the overall scheme of the present invention in detail by way of examples; in the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention; it will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced without one or more of these details; in other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
In the invention, the following components are added: bag filters were purchased from yuelai technologies, inc, wheaten, cat number YL-NDSX; shallow media filters are available from delta fluid equipment limited; activated sludge is purchased from biological technology limited company of Hongxin da, and the organic matter content VSS is more than 60g/L; the organic content VSS/TSS of the bacterial sludge is more than 0.7+/-0.1; the density of the Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies is about 5 multiplied by 10 5 The density of smooth side chain algae per milliliter is about 5×10 6 Each milliliter; chymotrypsin is purchased from su-day trade company, trade designation KC90242 and has an enzyme activity of about 1000U/mg.
Unless otherwise specified, the starting components in the examples below are commercially available, and the laboratory apparatus used is a laboratory conventional laboratory apparatus, and the performance test methods are known in the art.
The preferred embodiment is as follows:
example 1:
the active carrier is prepared by the following method:
step one: taking fresh cattail inflorescence about 15cm, slightly immersing the inflorescence into the biological extracting solution for 5s, taking out, putting into a high-temperature blast drier, and returning air at 80 ℃ for 40m 3 Heating for 70min, and solidifying the biological extract on the surface of inflorescence segment to obtain primary treated inflorescence;
step two: the Alcaligenes xylosoxidans denitration subspecies, smooth side chain algae and biological extract are mixed according to the proportion of 3:4: mixing at a weight ratio of 100, coating on the surface of the primary treated inflorescence to obtain secondary treated inflorescence, and placing the secondary treated inflorescence into a high-temperature blast drier for air return at 35 ℃ for 60m 3 Heating for 10min, and denitrating and nitrosifying Alcaligenes xylosoxidansFixing the smooth side chain algae on the surface of the secondary treated inflorescence to obtain the active carrier.
The biological extract is prepared by the following method:
step one: cutting fresh meat of big loquat snails, adding chymotrypsin accounting for 3% of the mass fraction of the meat, pouring the meat into a colloid mill together, and circularly grinding the meat for 30min at 36 ℃ at 1400r/min to obtain big loquat snail dissociation liquid;
step two: centrifuging the large loquat spiral dissociation solution at 7000r/min for 5min to obtain the upper liquid to obtain biological extract.
The acid wastewater (wastewater ph 5.5-6.5) is treated by adopting the following method:
step one: introducing acidic wastewater into a pretreatment tank, naturally precipitating for 2h, introducing the upper half layer into a shallow medium filter, and filtering to obtain pretreated wastewater, wherein the medium of the shallow medium filter adopts quartz sand with particle diameter of 0.8mm and density of 2.65g/cm 3 ；
Step two: introducing the pretreated wastewater into an open biological treatment tank, wherein the depth of the biological treatment tank is 0.3m, adding an active carrier with the volume of 8% of the pretreated wastewater, and reacting at 28 ℃ for 8 hours to reduce acidity and heavy metals, thereby obtaining mixed wastewater;
step three: and (5) introducing the mixed wastewater into a bag filter, filtering with 130 meshes, and discharging filtrate to finish wastewater treatment.
Examples 2 to 13:
example 2 differs from example 1 only in that the biological treatment tank depth is 0.2m;
example 3 differs from example 1 only in that the biological treatment tank depth is 0.4m;
example 4 differs from example 1 only in that the active carrier input volume is 6% of the pretreated wastewater volume;
example 5 differs from example 1 only in that the active carrier input volume is 9% of the pretreated wastewater volume;
example 6 differs from example 1 only in that the reaction temperature of the biological treatment tank is 27 ℃;
example 7 differs from example 1 only in that the reaction temperature of the biological treatment tank is 29 ℃;
example 8 differs from example 1 only in that the heating temperature of the high temperature blast dryer in step one of the preparation method of the active carrier is 70 ℃;
example 9 differs from example 1 only in that the heating temperature of the high temperature blast dryer in step one of the preparation method of the active carrier is 90 ℃;
example 10 differs from example 1 only in that the heating temperature of the high temperature blast dryer in step two of the preparation method of the active carrier is 30 ℃;
example 11 differs from example 1 only in that the heating temperature of the high temperature blast dryer in step two of the preparation method of the active carrier is 40 ℃;
example 12 differs from example 1 only in that the grinding speed of the colloid mill in step one of the preparation method of the biological extract was 1200r/min;
example 13 differs from example 1 only in that the grinding speed of the colloid mill in step one of the preparation method of the biological extract was 1500r/min.
Comparative examples 1 to 16:
comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that the biological treatment tank depth was 0.1m;
comparative example 2 differs from example 1 only in that the active carrier input volume is 15% of the pretreated wastewater volume;
comparative example 3 differs from example 1 only in that the reaction temperature of the biological treatment tank is 32 ℃;
comparative example 4 differs from example 1 only in that the heating temperature of the high temperature blast dryer in step one of the preparation method of the active carrier is 110 ℃;
comparative example 5 differs from example 1 only in that the heating temperature of the high temperature blast dryer in step two of the preparation method of the active carrier is 50 ℃;
comparative example 6 differs from example 1 only in that the grinding speed of the colloid mill in step one of the preparation method of the biological extract was 1800r/min;
comparative example 7 differs from example 1 only in that the particle diameter of the quartz sand is 1.2mm;
comparative example 8 differs from example 1 only in that the bag filter filtration mesh number is 200 mesh;
comparative example 9 differs from example 1 only in that the mixing ratio of Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies, smooth side chain algae and biological extract in step two of the active carrier preparation method is 6:8:100;
comparative example 10 differs from example 1 only in that the mixing ratio of Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies, smooth side chain algae and biological extract of step two of the preparation method of the active carrier is 3:8:100;
comparative example 11 differs from example 1 only in that the mixing ratio of Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies, smooth side chain algae and biological extract in step two of the active carrier preparation method is 6:4:100;
comparative example 12 differs from example 1 only in that the centrifugal speed of the large loquat spiral dissociation liquid is 10000r/min;
comparative example 13 differs from example 1 only in that the Alcaligenes xylooxidans denitration subspecies were replaced with Alcaligenes faecalis;
comparative example 14 differs from example 1 only in that the smooth side chain algae was replaced with Phaeodactylum tricornutum;
comparative example 15 differs from example 1 only in that the large loquat snail was replaced with a mussel;
comparative example 16 differs from example 1 only in that the active carrier was replaced with activated sludge.
The original ph of the wastewater of each example is unified to be 5.5, and the concentrations of original copper ions, zinc ions and lead ions are respectively unified to be 25mg/L, 40mg/L and 0.5mg/L; ph and copper ion, zinc ion and lead ion concentrations were measured after each example wastewater treatment. Each example was repeated three times and the results averaged to a ph of 0.1, copper and zinc ion concentrations to single digit, and lead ion concentrations to 0.1. The test results of each example are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: test results of examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 16
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the present embodiment, especially the embodiment 1 of the present invention has better effects of improving ph and reducing the concentration of heavy metal ions represented by copper ions, zinc ions and lead ions than other examples.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art; any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of treating acidic wastewater, the method comprising the steps of:
step one: introducing acid wastewater with ph of 5.5 into a pretreatment tank, naturally precipitating for 2h, introducing the upper half layer into a shallow medium filter, and filtering to obtain pretreated wastewater, wherein the medium of the shallow medium filter is quartz sand, the particle size of the quartz sand is 0.8mm, and the density of the quartz sand filter layer is 2.65g/cm 3 ；
Step two: introducing the pretreated wastewater into an open biological treatment tank, wherein the depth of the biological treatment tank is 0.2-0.4 m, adding an active carrier with the volume of 6-9% of the pretreated wastewater, and reacting at the temperature of 27-29 ℃ for 8 hours to reduce acidity and heavy metals, thereby obtaining mixed wastewater;
step three: introducing the mixed wastewater into a bag filter, filtering with 130 meshes, and discharging filtrate to finish wastewater treatment;
the preparation method of the active carrier comprises the following steps:
step one: immersing fresh cattail inflorescence segments into biological extracting solution, taking out, putting into a high-temperature blast drier, and returning air at 70-90 ℃ for 40m 3 Heating for 70min to obtain primary treated inflorescence;
step two: de-nitrating subspecies and smooth side chains of Alcaligenes xylosoxidansThe algae and the biological extract are mixed according to the proportion of 3:4: mixing the materials according to the weight ratio of 100, coating the mixture on the surface of the primary treated inflorescence to obtain a secondary treated inflorescence, and placing the secondary treated inflorescence into a high-temperature blast dryer for air return at 30-40 ℃ for 60m 3 Heating for 10min to obtain the active carrier;
the preparation method of the biological extract comprises the following steps:
step one: cutting fresh meat of the big loquat snails, adding chymotrypsin accounting for 3% of the mass fraction of the meat, pouring the minced meat into a colloid mill together, and circularly grinding the minced meat for 30min at 36 ℃ at 1200-1500 r/min to obtain big loquat snail dissociation liquid;
step two: centrifuging the large loquat spiral dissociation solution at 7000r/min for 5min to obtain an upper liquid to obtain the biological extraction solution.
2. The method for treating acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the biological treatment tank depth is 0.3m.
3. The method of treating acidic wastewater according to claim 1 wherein said active carrier input volume is 8% of said pretreated wastewater volume.
4. The method for treating acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature of the biological treatment tank is 28 ℃.
5. The method for treating acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature of the high-temperature blast drier in the step one of the preparation method of the active carrier is 80 ℃.
6. The method for treating acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature of the high-temperature blast drier in step two of the method for preparing an active carrier is 35 ℃.
7. The method for treating acidic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the grinding speed of the colloid mill in the step one of the preparation method of the biological extract is 1400r/min.
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