CN116812131A - Pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device of ship outer plate - Google Patents

Abstract

The pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device comprises a coaming, wherein the coaming is convexly arranged at the circumferential edge position of the ventilation opening; the ventilation cover is sleeved on the coaming; the surrounding well is formed on the inner side of the cabin bulkhead, and the surrounding plate and the ventilation cover are accommodated in the surrounding well accommodating cavity; the transmission link mechanism is used for realizing the opening and closing of the ventilation cover, and one end of the transmission link mechanism is inserted into the well-surrounding accommodating cavity; the pneumatic mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the surrounding well and is connected with one end of the transmission connecting rod mechanism, which is positioned in the surrounding well; the manual operation mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the surrounding well and is also connected with one end of the transmission link mechanism, which is positioned on the surrounding well. The advantages are that: the corrosive damage of seawater to equipment and cabin bodies of the ship cabin is avoided; the effect of preventing sea wave invasion is good, the weather-tight requirement is met, and the radar wave stealth performance is good; the manual and automatic integrated design and dual centralized control are realized, and the use requirements under emergency or combat readiness conditions are met.

Description

Pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device of ship outer plate

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of marine equipment, and particularly relates to a pneumatic centralized air inlet and exhaust device of a ship outer plate.

Background

In order to ensure long-time stable operation of the ship, important machine places such as a bow equipment cabin and a bow side cabin are generally required to be arranged at the bow part of the ship, and because equipment arranged in the cabins can emit a large amount of heat during operation, ventilation openings and ventilation equipment are arranged at the corresponding cabin positions of the bow equipment cabin and the bow side cabin, particularly, the ventilation openings are required to be formed in the ship outer plate, and a ventilation system is required to be arranged, so that the heat in the equipment cabin is timely discharged to the external space, the normal operation of the important equipment is ensured, and the air quality in the cabin can be ensured to meet the requirements of working and living of personnel. The existing ship ventilation opening arrangement mode is generally that the ship cabin outer plate is directly opened, the opening can influence the overall appearance of the ship, the impression of pits and depressions is visually generated, the ship is quite unattractive, the ventilation cover plate is arranged at the opening, and when ventilation is needed in the ship cabin, the ventilation cover plate is opened to realize air intake and exhaust operation.

The related art information about such vents and vent flaps is not lacking in the prior chinese patent literature, and is slightly exemplified by: CN216546576U (a vent flap for a marine hatch), CN207241957U (a marine hatch), CN206255153U (a weather-tight cover with heated rain), and the like; typically, a marine quick-opening ventilation cover like the publication No. CN116409430A is provided with a side hook connecting rod at one side of a cover plate, a locking component is arranged at the lower part of the cover plate, the lower end part of the side hook connecting rod is fixed with the cover plate through a fastening bolt, the upper part of the side hook connecting rod is connected with the cover plate through a limit bolt, an operating rod is used for opening or closing the cover plate during operation, the cover plate is locked to an opening state through the limit bolt, and finally, the quick opening and closing of the cover plate is realized, so that the quick-opening ventilation cover has the advantages of flexible and convenient operation and quick opening and closing response speed, and meanwhile, the weather-tight requirement of a class society can be met; however, this solution has the drawbacks and disadvantages of the patent documents listed above: on the one hand, in the technical scheme, the cover plate is required to be opened or closed by manually controlling the operating rod, and as the ventilation cover plate has a large number and a large single weight, the ventilation cover plate is very difficult to open, and certain potential safety hazards exist in the closing process; on the other hand, in the process of opening the cover plate, seawater inevitably flows into the cabin through the ventilation opening, so that the seawater is accumulated in the cabin, the overall environmental humidity is increased, and the equipment in the cabin is rusted and damaged, and the technical teaching of how to prevent the seawater from entering the cabin and avoid the equipment from rusting is not given in the above-mentioned publication; in addition, for the military cabin, in order to improve stealth performance of the cabin and achieve improvement of technical and tactical level, sealing effect of the ventilation opening is guaranteed when the ventilation opening is closed, otherwise, electromagnetic waves enter from the ventilation opening and return to the outside through multiple refraction, a strong RCS (fusion communication) target is easily formed, stealth performance of the whole ship body is affected, and an existing cabin ventilation cover plate cannot meet RCS requirements after being closed, and combat performance of the military ship is affected.

In view of this, there is a need for a rational improvement of existing hold-vent flaps, and the solutions described below are created in this context.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide the ship outer plate pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device which is beneficial to preventing equipment from being corroded and prolonging the service life of the equipment by arranging the surrounding well formed in the cabin bulkhead so as to prevent seawater from rushing into the cabin body of the cabin, is beneficial to achieving the superior effect of preventing sea wave invasion and achieving the superior radar wave stealth performance by arranging the ventilation cover with the inner and outer plate two-section structure, and is convenient to realize manual and automatic dual centralized control so as to improve the use convenience and meet the use requirements of various environments.

The application aims at achieving the purpose that the pneumatic centralized air inlet and exhaust device of the ship outer plate is provided with a plurality of ventilation openings on the cabin wall, each ventilation opening is provided with the pneumatic centralized air inlet and exhaust device, and the pneumatic centralized air inlet and exhaust device comprises a coaming which is convexly arranged at the circumferential edge position of the ventilation opening; the ventilation cover is used for opening or closing the ventilation opening and is sleeved on the coaming; the surrounding well is formed inside the cabin bulkhead and is formed into a surrounding well accommodating cavity, and the surrounding plate and the ventilation cover are accommodated in the surrounding well accommodating cavity; the transmission link mechanism is used for realizing the opening and closing of the ventilation cover, and one end of the transmission link mechanism is inserted into the well-surrounding accommodating cavity; the pneumatic mechanism is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the surrounding well and is in transmission connection with one end of the driving connecting rod mechanism, which is positioned at the surrounding well; and the manual operating mechanism is also fixedly arranged on the outer side of the surrounding well and is in transmission connection with one end of the transmission connecting rod mechanism, which is positioned on the surrounding well.

In a specific embodiment of the application, the coaming comprises a top panel, side panels formed on both sides thereof and a bottom panel, the coaming extending into the well-enclosure, and the bottom panel extending obliquely towards the well-enclosure.

In another specific embodiment of the present application, the ventilation cover includes an outer sealing plate, an inner sealing plate, and a connection frame body disposed therebetween; the outer sealing plate is used for being covered at the vent, a gap is formed between the circumferential outer edge of the outer sealing plate and the inner wall of the vent when the vent is in a closed state, and the inner sealing plate is arranged at the end part of the coaming, which is far away from the vent; the utility model provides a sealing drainage device, including outer sealing plate, the plate area of outer sealing plate is less than the plate area of inner sealing plate, connect the support body including toper portion and connection barrel, the one end constitution of toper portion is in on the inboard surface of outer sealing plate and this toper portion towards connect the support body expansion extension setting, the cross sectional area of this toper portion becomes gradually big from being close to the one end of outer sealing plate to the other end, connect the barrel constitution in toper portion keep away from the one end position department of outer sealing plate, and this connection barrel connect to on the one side surface of inner sealing plate, and in the circumference edge department of inner sealing plate towards the vent constitutes there is the sealing washer flange, this sealing washer flange with connect the space between the barrel and be formed into sealing washer chimeric groove, cooperate and install a sealing washer in this sealing washer chimeric groove, when the vent is in the closed state, the bounding wall keep away from the tip position of vent stretches into in the sealing washer chimeric groove and laminating setting up on this sealing washer, just the bounding wall with connect the space between the support body constitutes sealed drainage cavity.

In yet another specific embodiment of the application, a manhole drain is also provided at the bottom of the manhole and an access cover is removably mounted on the manhole.

In still another specific embodiment of the present application, a plurality of well air outlets are further formed in the well, and a fixed shutter is further installed at the well air outlets.

In a further specific embodiment of the present application, the transmission link mechanism includes a mounting bracket, a power input shaft, a lower rocker arm, a link, an upper rocker arm, a transmission shaft and a pair of guide links; the mounting bracket is arranged outside the surrounding well and fixedly mounted on the body of the surrounding well, the power input shaft is connected to the mounting bracket in a sliding manner, the power input shaft is in transmission connection with the pneumatic mechanism and the manual operation mechanism, the power input shaft penetrates into the surrounding well, one end of the lower rocker arm is provided with a lower rocker arm sleeve, the other end of the lower rocker arm is hinged with one end part of the connecting rod in the length direction, and the lower rocker arm sleeve is sleeved on the power input shaft and fixedly connected with the power input shaft; the transmission shaft is transversely arranged at a position close to the top end part of the rear part of the ventilation cover, a pair of transmission shaft positioning plates which are formed at the left side and the right side of the ventilation cover at intervals are arranged on the cabin bulkhead, the transmission shaft passes through the two transmission shaft positioning plates and is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft positioning plates, one end of the upper rocker arm is formed with an upper rocker arm sleeve which is fixedly sleeved at the position of one end part of the transmission shaft in the length direction, the other end of the upper rocker arm is hinged with the end part of the connecting rod in the length direction, which is far away from the lower rocker arm, so that the connecting rod is connected with the transmission shaft, one end parts of the two guide pull rods are respectively provided with a guide pull rod connecting sleeve which is sleeved on the shaft body of the transmission shaft and is fixedly connected with the guide pull rod connecting sleeve, a guide groove is further formed in the guide pull rod, the guide groove extends from the end part of the other end part of the guide pull rod, which is far away from the guide pull rod connecting sleeve, and a guide shaft is also sleeved in the guide groove, and can slide and slide back in the guide groove; and two pairs of guide shaft connecting plates are formed on the surface of one side of the ventilation cover opposite to the ventilation opening and close to the end parts of the bottom end, and the two end parts of the two guide shafts in the axial direction are respectively hinged with the guide shaft connecting plates on the two sides of the guide shafts.

In a further specific embodiment of the present application, the pneumatic mechanism includes a cylinder block, a piston rod, a lifting rod, a sliding shaft and a pneumatic swing arm; the cylinder body is arranged outside the surrounding well and fixedly installed on the surrounding well, the piston rod is arranged in the cylinder body, the piston rod vertically extends and can stretch out and draw back relative to the cylinder body, the lifting rod is sleeved at the upper end part of the piston rod, a lifting rod connecting plate is arranged at the upper end part of the lifting rod, the lifting rod connecting plate is transversely arranged, a lifting rod connecting plate through groove is formed in the lifting rod connecting plate, the sliding shaft and the lifting rod connecting plate through groove are in sliding fit and can slide back and forth in the lifting rod connecting plate through groove, one end part of the length direction of the pneumatic swing arm is hinged with the sliding shaft, the other end part of the length direction of the pneumatic swing arm is provided with a pneumatic swing arm sleeve, and the pneumatic swing arm sleeve is sleeved and fixed on the shaft body of the power input shaft.

In a further specific embodiment of the present application, the manual operation mechanism includes an operation wheel disc, an operation transmission rod and an operation transmission box, wherein the operation wheel disc is formed at one end part of the operation transmission rod in the length direction, the other end part of the operation transmission rod in the length direction extends into the operation transmission box, the operation transmission box is fixedly arranged on a mounting bracket of the transmission link mechanism, one end part of the power input shaft also extends into the operation transmission box, and the operation transmission rod and the power input shaft are in transmission connection.

In still another specific embodiment of the present application, a bearing seat is fixedly installed on each of the two positioning plates of the transmission shaft and at a position corresponding to the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft passes through the two bearing seats and is rotatably connected with the bearing seats, and the transmission shaft is cooperatively connected with the bearings inside the bearing seats.

In a further specific embodiment of the application, a positioning mechanism is further connected to the top of the coaming, and the positioning mechanism comprises a pair of positioning swing arms and a pair of cover connecting arms; the two positioning swing arms are arranged at intervals and are of an L-shaped plate-like structure, the two positioning swing arms are provided with positioning swing arm fixing parts and positioning swing arm bending parts which are bent to form the upper end parts of the positioning swing arm fixing parts, the positioning swing arm fixing parts of the two positioning swing arms are respectively fixedly arranged on side plates on two sides of the coaming, one end parts, far away from the positioning swing arm fixing parts, of the positioning swing arm bending parts are provided with positioning swing arm hinging sleeves, and the positioning swing arm hinging sleeves are sleeved on the shaft bodies of the transmission shafts and are hinged with the transmission shafts; the two cover connecting arms are arranged at equal intervals and are of an L-shaped plate-like structure, each cover connecting arm is provided with a cover connecting arm hinging part and a cover connecting arm fixing part which is formed on the cover connecting arm hinging part in a bending mode, the cover connecting arm fixing part and the cover connecting arm hinging part are in a vertical state, two pairs of cover connecting arm hinge plates are formed on the top panel of the coaming and at positions corresponding to the two cover connecting arms, one end part of each cover connecting arm hinging part penetrates through the two cover connecting arm hinge plates and is hinged with the cover connecting arm hinge plates through a hinge shaft, and the cover connecting arm fixing part is fixedly mounted on the top position of one side surface of the ventilation cover opposite to the ventilation opening.

The technical scheme provided by the application has the technical effects that: firstly, through setting up the bustle that can cover the vent in cabin bulkhead inside to bounding wall and ventilation cap all hold in the bustle appearance chamber, and pneumatic mechanism and manual operating device install in the bustle outside, on the one hand when the ventilation cap is in open state, the sea water can pour into the bustle appearance intracavity through the vent, the bustle can collect the sea water and can outwards discharge through the bustle outlet of its bottom, avoid the corrosiveness injury of sea water to equipment and cabin body, on the other hand, also be equipped with a plurality of air outlet on the bustle, install fixed shutter and can be connected with the tuber pipe on the air outlet, realize ventilating operation of airing exhaust, the suitability is good; secondly, because the ventilation cover is a two-section type inner and outer plate structure comprising an outer sealing plate and an inner sealing plate, and a connecting frame body is arranged between the outer sealing plate and the inner sealing plate, when the outer sealing plate is closed at a vent, a gap is formed between the outer edge part of the outer sealing plate and the inner side wall of the coaming, and the end part of the coaming is abutted to a sealing ring in a sealing ring embedding groove, so that a sealed drainage cavity is formed between the coaming and the connecting frame body, seawater can enter the sealed drainage cavity through the gap between the outer sealing plate and the coaming, and meanwhile, because the rear end of the sealed drainage cavity is sealed and the sealed drainage cavity is in an inclined state, seawater can outwards flow out from the gap again, thereby achieving a superior sea wave invasion preventing effect and meeting the weather sealing requirement, and meanwhile, the ventilation cover can form a whole with a cabin bulkhead after being closed, is attractive and tidy, and has superior radar wave stealth performance; third, because pneumatic mechanism and manual operating device all realize the transmission with transmission link mechanism and be connected, realize manual automatic integrated design and dual centralized control, operation labour saving and time saving, it is very convenient, when pneumatic mechanism's cylinder block is airless moreover, accessible manual operating device opens or closes the vent flap and carries out emergent drive operation, satisfies the user demand under urgent or the combat readiness circumstances.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the ventilation cover in a closed state;

FIG. 4 is a plan cross-sectional view of the vent cover of the present application in a closed position;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the ventilation cover in an open state;

FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view of the vent cover of the present application in an open state;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a connection mechanism between a positioning mechanism and a ventilation cover in the present application.

In the figure: 1. cabin bulkhead, 11, vent, 12, drive shaft locating plate, 121, bearing seat; 2. coaming, 21, top panel, 211, cover connecting arm hinged plate, 22, side plate, 23, bottom panel; 3. the sealing device comprises a ventilation cover, an outer sealing plate, an inner sealing plate, a sealing ring flange, a sealing ring embedding groove, a connecting frame body, a conical part, a connecting cylinder body, a sealing ring and a guide shaft connecting plate, wherein the sealing ring embedding groove is formed in the inner sealing plate, the sealing ring embedding groove is formed in the sealing ring embedding frame body, the sealing ring embedding frame body is formed in the sealing ring embedding frame body, the sealing ring embedding frame body is formed in the sealing ring embedding frame, the sealing ring embedding frame body is formed in the sealing frame body, the sealing frame embedding frame body is formed in the sealing frame embedding frame; 4. the well comprises a well enclosure 41, a well enclosure cavity 42, a well drain outlet 43, an access cover 44, an air outlet 441 and a fixed shutter; 5. the transmission link mechanism, 51, the mounting bracket, 52, the power input shaft, 53, the lower rocker arm, 531, the lower rocker arm sleeve, 54, the connecting rod, 55, the upper rocker arm 551, upper rocker sleeve, 56, transmission shaft, 57, guide pull rod, 571, guide pull rod connecting sleeve, 572, guide groove, 573, guide shaft; 6. pneumatic mechanism, 61, cylinder block, 62, piston rod, 63, lifter, 631, lifter connecting plate 6311, lifting rod connecting plate through groove, 64, sliding shaft, 65, pneumatic swing arm, 651, pneumatic swing arm sleeve; 7. the manual operation mechanism 71, the operation wheel disc 72, the operation transmission rod 73 and the operation transmission box; 8. positioning mechanism, 81, positioning swing arm, 811, positioning swing arm fixing part, 812, positioning swing arm bending part, 8121, positioning swing arm hinging sleeve, 82, cover connecting arm, 821, cover connecting arm hinging part, 822, cover connecting arm fixing part; 9. sealing the drainage chamber.

Detailed Description

In order that the technical spirit and advantages of the present application may be more clearly understood, reference will now be made in detail to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the application, but rather are merely equivalent in form to the present application.

In the following description, unless otherwise stated, any concept relating to the directions or azimuths of up, down, left, right, front and rear is based on the position state of fig. 1, and therefore, it is not to be construed as a limitation of the technical solution provided by the present application.

Referring to fig. 1 in combination with fig. 2 to 7, there is shown a pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device for a ship outer plate, wherein a cabin wall 1 is provided with a plurality of ventilation openings 11. The technical key points of the technical scheme provided by the application are as follows: each ventilation opening 11 is respectively provided with a pneumatic centralized air inlet and exhaust device, and the pneumatic centralized air inlet and exhaust device can be used for ventilating the bow of the ship and can bear the impact of sea waves, and concretely comprises a coaming plate 2, wherein the coaming plate 2 is convexly arranged at the circumferential edge position of the ventilation opening 11, and the coaming plate 2 and the cabin bulkhead 1 are in a vertical state; a ventilation cover 3 for opening or closing the ventilation opening 11, and the ventilation cover 3 is sleeved on the coaming plate 2; a well 4, wherein the well 4 is formed inside the cabin bulkhead 1, the well 4 is formed into a well accommodating cavity 41, and the coaming 2 and the ventilation cover 3 are accommodated in the well accommodating cavity 41; a transmission link mechanism 5 for opening and closing the ventilation cover 3, wherein one end of the transmission link mechanism 5 is inserted into the well-surrounding cavity 41; the pneumatic mechanism 6 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the surrounding well 4 and is in transmission connection with one end of the driving connecting rod mechanism 5, which is positioned at the surrounding well 4; a manual operating mechanism 7 which is also fixedly arranged on the outer side of the surrounding well 4 and is in transmission connection with one end of the transmission link mechanism 5, which is positioned on the surrounding well 4.

It is worth mentioning that pneumatic mechanism 6 and manual operating mechanism 7 all set up in the outside of surrounding well 4 in this device, can effectively keep apart the sea water through the separation of surrounding well 4 and splash, satisfy anticorrosive demand to avoid the pneumatic mechanism 6 that the emergence of corrosion condition led to damaging with manual operating mechanism 7, and also can be convenient for the connection of gas circuit and circuit, and convenient subsequent maintenance and maintenance work.

In this embodiment, the shroud 2 includes a top panel 21, side panels 22 formed on two sides thereof, and a bottom panel 23, the shroud 2 extends into the well chamber 41, and the bottom panel 23 extends obliquely toward the well chamber 41, and the obliquely arranged bottom panel 23 can facilitate the ventilation cover 3 to turn over and move, so as to avoid interference of components.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and fig. 4 and 6, the ventilation cover 3 includes an outer sealing plate 31, an inner sealing plate 32, and a connecting frame 33 disposed therebetween, wherein the outer sealing plate 31 is used for covering the ventilation opening 11, and when the ventilation opening 11 is in a closed state, a gap is formed between a circumferential outer edge of the outer sealing plate 31 and an inner wall of the ventilation opening 11, and the inner sealing plate 32 is disposed at an end position of the surrounding plate 2 away from the ventilation opening 11; the outer sealing plate 31 has a smaller plate body area than the inner sealing plate 32, the connection frame 33 includes a tapered portion 331 and a connection cylindrical portion 332, one end of the tapered portion 331 is formed on the inner side surface of the outer sealing plate 31, the tapered portion 331 is extended toward the connection frame 33, that is, the cross-sectional area of the tapered portion 331 is gradually increased from one end near the outer sealing plate 31 to the other end, the connection cylindrical portion 332 is formed at a position of one end of the tapered portion 331 away from the outer sealing plate 31, the connection cylindrical portion 332 is connected to one side surface of the inner sealing plate 32, a seal ring flange 321 is formed toward the vent 11 at a circumferential edge of the inner sealing plate 32, a space between the seal ring flange 321 and the connection cylindrical portion 332 is formed as a seal ring fitting groove 322, a seal ring 34 is fitted into the seal ring fitting groove 322, and an end portion of the vent plate 2 away from the vent 11 is fitted into the fitting groove 322 and fitted into the seal ring fitting groove 33 in a space between the seal ring flange and the seal ring frame 9.

It should be noted that: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the outer sealing plate 31 is closed at the vent 11, a gap is formed between the outer edge part of the outer sealing plate 31 and the inner side wall of the enclosing plate 2, and the end part of the enclosing plate 2 is abutted to the sealing ring 34 in the sealing ring jogged groove 322, so that the enclosing plate 2 and the connecting frame 33 are formed into a sealed drainage chamber 9, seawater can enter the sealed drainage chamber 9 through the gap between the outer sealing plate 31 and the enclosing plate 2, and meanwhile, as the rear end of the sealed drainage chamber 9 is closed and the sealed drainage chamber 9 is in an inclined state, seawater can flow out of the gap again, so that a superior drainage effect is realized; meanwhile, after the ventilation cover 3 is closed, the cabin bulkhead 1 has excellent radar wave stealth effect and meets the corresponding RCS (radar scattering cross section) requirement, and according to the HJB180-1998 total RCS calculation method, X, ku wave bands, the average RCS of every square meter YS shutter half cycle is not more than 0.4 square meter, and the scattering reduction effect of the cavity inside the ventilation cover 3 is better than-10 dB; after the ventilation cover 3 is manufactured, the requirements of weather tightness can be met by referring to CB 3273-85 after the ship pneumatic ventilation cover is closed, a water flushing test is carried out on a ship door, a ship window and a ship cover tightness test, the diameter of a nozzle is 16mm, the water pressure at the water outlet of the nozzle is 0.2MPa in the test, the distance between the nozzle and the front surface of a sealing surface is less than or equal to 1.5m, the time is 3min, and no water drops seep from the sealing surface at the inner side of the equipment, so that the ship pneumatic ventilation cover has excellent waterproof and sea wave invasion preventing performances.

In the present embodiment, a manhole drain 42 is further provided at the bottom of the manhole 4, and an access cover 43 is detachably attached to the manhole 4.

Further, a plurality of manhole air outlets 44 are further formed on the manhole 4, and a fixed louver 441 is further installed at the manhole air outlets 44; an air pipe can be connected to the well air outlet 44, which is convenient for ventilation and air exhaust operation.

Referring to fig. 2 in combination with fig. 3 and 5, the transmission link mechanism 5 includes a mounting bracket 51, a power input shaft 52, a lower rocker arm 53, a link 54, an upper rocker arm 55, a transmission shaft 56 and a pair of guide links 57; the mounting bracket 51 is arranged outside the surrounding well 4 and fixedly mounted on the body of the surrounding well 4, the power input shaft 52 is slidably connected to the mounting bracket 51, the power input shaft 52 is in transmission connection with the pneumatic mechanism 6 and the manual operation mechanism 7, the power input shaft 52 penetrates into the surrounding well 4, the lower fox rocker 53, the connecting rod 54, the upper rocker 55, the transmission shaft 56 and the pair of guide pull rods 57 are all arranged in the surrounding well accommodating cavity 41, one end of the lower rocker 53 is provided with a lower rocker sleeve 531, the other end of the lower rocker 53 is hinged with one end of the connecting rod 54 in the length direction, and the lower rocker sleeve 531 is sleeved on the power input shaft 52 and fixedly connected with the power input shaft 52; the transmission shaft 56 is transversely arranged near the front end of the rear part of the ventilation cover 3, a pair of transmission shaft positioning plates 12 which are formed at the left side and the right side of the ventilation cover 3 at intervals are arranged on the cabin bulkhead 1, the transmission shaft 56 passes through the two transmission shaft positioning plates 12 and is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft positioning plates, one end of the upper rocker arm 55 is formed with an upper rocker arm sleeve 551, the upper rocker arm sleeve 551 is fixedly sleeved at the position of one end of the transmission shaft 56 in the length direction, the other end of the upper rocker arm 55 is hinged with the one end of the connecting rod 54 away from the lower rocker arm 53 in the length direction, so that the connection between the connecting rod 54 and the transmission shaft 56 is realized, one end of the two guide pull rods 57 is respectively provided with a guide pull rod connecting sleeve 571, the guide pull rod connecting sleeve 572 is sleeved on the shaft body of the transmission shaft 56 and is fixedly connected with the guide pull rod 572, the guide groove 572 is further formed on the guide pull rod 57, the guide groove 572 extends from the other end of the guide rod 57 to the middle part of the guide rod 57, and the guide groove 572 is further arranged in the guide groove 573 in a sliding manner, and the guide groove 572 can slide in the guide groove 573; and two pairs of guide shaft connecting plates 35 are formed on the side surface of the ventilation cover 3 opposite to the ventilation opening 11 and close to the bottom end parts, and both end parts in the axial direction of the two guide shafts 573 are respectively hinged with the guide shaft connecting plates 35 on both sides thereof.

In the present embodiment, the pneumatic mechanism 6 includes a cylinder block 61, a piston rod 62, a lifting rod 63, a sliding shaft 64 and a pneumatic swing arm 65; the cylinder block 61 is disposed outside the manhole 4 and is fixedly mounted on the manhole 4, the piston rod 62 is disposed in the cylinder block 61, the piston rod 62 extends vertically and is telescopic with respect to the cylinder block 61, the lifting rod 63 is sleeved at an upper end of the piston rod 62, a lifting rod connecting plate 631 is disposed at an upper end of the lifting rod 63, the lifting rod connecting plate 631 is laterally disposed, a lifting rod connecting plate through groove 6311 is disposed on the lifting rod connecting plate 631, the sliding shaft 64 is slidably engaged with the lifting rod connecting plate through groove 6311 and is capable of sliding reciprocally in the lifting rod connecting plate through groove 6311, one end of the pneumatic swing arm 65 in a length direction is hinged with the sliding shaft 64, and the other end of the pneumatic swing arm 65 in a length direction is provided with a pneumatic swing arm sleeve 651, and the pneumatic swing arm sleeve 651 is fixedly sleeved on a shaft body of the power input shaft 52.

Further, the manual operation mechanism 7 includes an operation wheel 71, an operation transmission rod 72 and an operation transmission box 73, wherein the operation wheel 71 is formed at one end portion of the operation transmission rod 72 in the length direction, the other end portion of the operation transmission rod 72 in the length direction is inserted into the operation transmission box 73, the operation transmission box 73 is fixedly installed on the installation frame 51 of the transmission link mechanism 5, one end portion of the power input shaft 52 is inserted into the operation transmission box 73, and the operation transmission rod 72 and the power input shaft 52 are in transmission connection.

When the ventilation cover 3 needs to be turned over, the electromagnetic valve box can control the pneumatic mechanism 6 to work, the piston rod 62 and the lifting rod 63 move and drive the sliding shaft 64 and the pneumatic swing arm 65 to move, the pneumatic swing arm 65 rotates and drives the power input shaft 52 to rotate, the power input shaft 52 further drives the lower rocker arm 53, the connecting rod 54 and the upper rocker arm 55 to be linked, the transmission shaft 56 rotates and drives the two guide pull rods 57 to rotate, and the guide pull rods 57 drive the guide shafts 573 which are in sliding connection with the guide pull rods to move so as to turn over the ventilation cover 3, so that the ventilation cover 3 is opened or closed; when the cylinder block 61 of the pneumatic mechanism 6 has no air source, the rotary operation of the power input shaft 52 is realized by rotating the control wheel disc 71 of the manual operation mechanism 7, so that the function of manually opening or closing the ventilation cover 3 is achieved.

In this embodiment, a bearing seat 121 is fixedly installed on each of the two driving shaft positioning plates 12 and at a position corresponding to the driving shaft 56, the driving shaft 56 passes through the two bearing seats 121 and is rotatably connected with the bearing seats 121, and the driving shaft 56 is cooperatively connected with bearings inside the bearing seats 121.

Further, referring to fig. 7, a positioning mechanism 8 is further connected to the top of the shroud 2, and the positioning mechanism 8 includes a pair of positioning swing arms 81 and a pair of cover connecting arms 82; the two positioning swing arms 81 are arranged at intervals and are in an L-shaped plate-like structure, the two positioning swing arms 81 are provided with a positioning swing arm fixing part 811 and a positioning swing arm bending part 812 which is bent to form the upper end part of the positioning swing arm fixing part 811, the positioning swing arm fixing parts 811 of the two positioning swing arms 81 are respectively fixedly arranged on the side plates 22 on the two sides of the coaming 2, a positioning swing arm hinge sleeve 8121 is formed at the end part of one end of the positioning swing arm bending part 812 far from the positioning swing arm fixing part 811, and the positioning swing arm hinge sleeve 8121 is sleeved on the shaft body of the transmission shaft 56 and is hinged with the transmission shaft 56; the two cover connecting arms 82 are arranged at intervals and have an L-shaped plate-like structure, the two cover connecting arms 82 are provided with a cover connecting arm hinge part 821 and a cover connecting arm fixing part 822 formed on the cover connecting arm hinge part 821 in a bending manner, the cover connecting arm fixing part 822 and the cover connecting arm hinge part 821 are formed in a vertical state, two pairs of cover connecting arm hinge plates 211 are formed on the top panel 21 of the coaming 2 at positions corresponding to the two cover connecting arms 82, one end part of the cover connecting arm hinge part 821 is penetrated into the two cover connecting arm hinge plates 211 and hinged with the cover connecting arm hinge plates 211 through a hinge shaft, the cover connecting arm fixing part 822 is fixedly arranged at the top position of one side surface of the ventilation cover 3 opposite to the ventilation opening 11, and the cover connecting arm fixing part 822 can be fixedly connected with the ventilation cover 3 through a welding manner.

Referring to fig. 1 in combination with fig. 2 to 7, the present inventors briefly describe the working principle of the technical solution provided by the present application: firstly, when the ship sails normally, the ventilation cover 3 positioned at the bow of the ship is in an open state, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the ventilation opening 11 is ventilated at the moment, and seawater can enter the well containment cavity 41 through the ventilation opening 11 and be discharged outwards through the well drain opening 42, so that the corrosive damage of the seawater to equipment is effectively reduced; when the ship performs corresponding combat tasks or is in other conditions such as a larger sea wave and wind environment, the electromagnetic valve box can be utilized to drive the pneumatic mechanism 6 to work, so that the piston rod 62 moves upwards and drives the lifting rod 63 to move together with the pneumatic swing arm 65 and drive the power input shaft 52 of the transmission link mechanism 5 to rotate, the power input shaft 52 then drives the lower rocker arm 53, the connecting rod 54 and the upper rocker arm 55 to move, so that the transmission shaft 56 rotates and drives the guide pull rod 57 to rotate downwards around the transmission shaft 56, the guide shaft 573 also moves in the guide groove 572 of the guide pull rod 57 and finally drives the ventilation cover 3 to move towards the ventilation opening 11 and finally move to be flush with the cabin bulkhead 1, when the cylinder block of the pneumatic mechanism 6 breaks air, the control wheel disc 71 of the manual operation mechanism 7 can also drive the power input shaft 52 to rotate and drive the transmission link mechanism 5 to rotate, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the ventilation cover 3 is in a closed state and is closed at the ventilation opening 11, the ventilation cover 3 can not deflect when bearing the ship cover 3, the ventilation effect can be good, the ventilation effect can be achieved with the whole ventilation cabin has a good effect of preventing the attack of sea wave and wind, and rain can be well formed, and a good ventilation effect can be achieved; when the ventilation cover 3 needs to be opened again, the pneumatic mechanism 6 or the manual operation mechanism 7 can be driven, so that the transmission link mechanism 5 drives the ventilation cover 3 to turn backwards, and the ventilation opening 11 is in an opened state again.

In summary, the technical scheme provided by the application overcomes the defects in the prior art, successfully completes the task of the application, and faithfully honors the technical effects carried by the applicant in the technical effect column above.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device of ship planking, has seted up a plurality of vent (11) on cabin bulkhead (1), its characterized in that: each ventilation opening (11) is respectively provided with a pneumatic centralized air inlet and exhaust device, the pneumatic centralized air inlet and exhaust device comprises a coaming (2), and the coaming (2) is convexly arranged at the circumferential edge position of the ventilation opening (11); a ventilation cover (3) for opening or closing the ventilation opening (11), and the ventilation cover (3) is sleeved on the coaming (2); the surrounding well (4) is formed inside the cabin bulkhead (1), the inside of the surrounding well (4) is formed into a surrounding well containing cavity (41), and the surrounding plate (2) and the ventilation cover (3) are contained in the surrounding well containing cavity (41); the transmission link mechanism (5) is used for realizing the opening and closing of the ventilation cover (3), and one end of the transmission link mechanism (5) is inserted into the well-surrounding accommodating cavity (41); the pneumatic mechanism (6) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the surrounding well (4) and is in transmission connection with one end of the transmission connecting rod mechanism (5) positioned on the surrounding well (4); and the manual operating mechanism (7) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the surrounding well (4) and is in transmission connection with one end of the transmission connecting rod mechanism (5) positioned on the surrounding well (4).

2. The pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device of the ship outer plate according to claim 1, wherein: the coaming (2) comprises a top panel (21), side panels (22) formed on two sides of the top panel and a bottom panel (23), the coaming (2) stretches into the well-surrounding containing cavity (41), and the bottom panel (23) is obliquely arranged towards the well-surrounding containing cavity (41).

3. The pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device of the ship outer plate according to claim 1, wherein: the ventilation cover (3) comprises an outer sealing plate (31), an inner sealing plate (32) and a connecting frame body (33) arranged between the outer sealing plate and the inner sealing plate; the outer sealing plate (31) is used for being arranged at the ventilation opening (11) in a covering mode, when the ventilation opening (11) is in a closed state, a gap is formed between the circumferential outer edge of the outer sealing plate (31) and the inner wall of the ventilation opening (11), and at the moment, the inner sealing plate (32) is arranged at the end position, away from the ventilation opening (11), of the surrounding plate (2); the plate body area of the outer sealing plate (31) is smaller than that of the inner sealing plate (32), the connecting frame body (33) comprises a conical part (331) and a connecting cylinder body (332), one end of the conical part (331) is formed on the inner side surface of the outer sealing plate (31) and is expanded towards the connecting frame body (33), namely, the cross section area of the conical part (331) is gradually increased from one end close to the outer sealing plate (31) to the other end, the connecting cylinder body (332) is formed at the end part position of the conical part (331) far away from the outer sealing plate (31), the connecting cylinder body (332) is connected to one side surface of the inner sealing plate (32), a sealing ring baffle (321) is formed at the circumferential edge of the inner sealing plate (32) towards the ventilation opening (11), a space between the sealing ring baffle (321) and the connecting cylinder body (332) is formed into a sealing ring jogged groove (322), the jogged groove (322) is formed in the jogged groove (322), the sealing ring (34) is mounted on one side end part of the sealing ring (34) far away from the ventilation opening (11), the jogged groove (2) is mounted on the ventilation opening (2), and the space between the coaming plate (2) and the connecting frame body (33) is formed into a sealed drainage cavity (9).

4. The pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device of the ship outer plate according to claim 1, wherein: a well drain (42) is also provided at the bottom of the well (4), and an access cover (43) is detachably mounted on the well (4).

5. The pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device of the ship outer plate according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of surrounding well air outlets (44) are also arranged on the surrounding well (4), and a fixed shutter (441) is also arranged at the surrounding well air outlets (44).

6. The pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device of the ship outer plate according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission link mechanism (5) comprises a mounting bracket (51), a power input shaft (52), a lower rocker arm (53), a connecting rod (54), an upper rocker arm (55), a transmission shaft (56) and a pair of guide pull rods (57); the mounting bracket (51) is arranged outside the surrounding well (4) and fixedly arranged on the body of the surrounding well (4), the power input shaft (52) is connected to the mounting bracket (51) in a sliding manner, the power input shaft (52) is in transmission connection with the pneumatic mechanism (6) and the manual operation mechanism (7), the power input shaft (52) penetrates into the surrounding well (4), one end of the lower rocker arm (53) is provided with a lower rocker arm sleeve (531), the other end of the lower rocker arm (53) is hinged with one end of the connecting rod (54) in the length direction, and the lower rocker arm sleeve (531) is sleeved on the power input shaft (52) and fixedly connected with the power input shaft; the transmission shaft (56) is transversely arranged at a position close to the top end of the rear part of the ventilation cover (3), a pair of transmission shaft positioning plates (12) which are formed at the left side and the right side of the ventilation cover (3) at intervals are arranged on the cabin bulkhead (1), the transmission shaft (56) passes through the two transmission shaft positioning plates (12) and is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft positioning plates, one end of the upper rocker arm (55) is formed with an upper rocker arm sleeve (551), the upper rocker arm sleeve (551) is fixedly sleeved at the position of one end of the transmission shaft (56), the other end of the upper rocker arm (55) is hinged with the end of the connecting rod (54) which is far away from the lower rocker arm (53) in the length direction, so that the connection between the connecting rod (54) and the transmission shaft (56) is realized, one end of the two guide pull rods (57) is respectively provided with a guide pull rod connecting sleeve (571), the guide connecting sleeve (571) is sleeved on the shaft body of the transmission shaft (56) and is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft body, a guide groove (57) is further formed on the guide groove (57), the guide groove (57) is further formed in the guide groove (57) extends from the guide groove (572) to the guide groove (572) which is arranged at the middle part of the guide groove (57), the guide shaft (573) is slidably engaged with the guide groove (572) and is capable of reciprocating sliding in the guide groove (572); two pairs of guide shaft connecting plates (35) are formed on the surface of one side of the ventilation cover (3) opposite to the ventilation opening (11) and close to the bottom end parts, and the two axial end parts of the two guide shafts (573) are respectively hinged with the guide shaft connecting plates (35) on the two sides of the guide shafts.

7. The pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device of the ship outer plate of claim 6, wherein: the pneumatic mechanism (6) comprises a cylinder body (61), a piston rod (62), a lifting rod (63), a sliding shaft (64) and a pneumatic swing arm (65); the cylinder block (61) locate the outside of surrounding well (4) and fixed mounting are on surrounding well (4), and piston rod (62) set up in cylinder block (61), and piston rod (62) vertical extension and can stretch out and draw back for cylinder block (61), lifter (63) suit is equipped with a lifter connecting plate (631) in the upper end tip of piston rod (62) and in the upper end tip of this lifter (63), and this lifter connecting plate (631) transversely sets up and has seted up lifter connecting plate logical groove (6311) on this lifter connecting plate (631), sliding fit and can reciprocate in this lifter connecting plate logical groove (6311) are realized to slide shaft (64), the one end tip of pneumatic swing arm (65) length direction with sliding shaft (64) articulates, and the other end tip of this pneumatic swing arm (65) length direction then constitutes and is equipped with a swing arm sleeve (651), and this pneumatic swing arm sleeve (651) is fixed in on the axis body of power input shaft (52) suit.

8. The pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device of the ship outer plate of claim 6, wherein: the manual operation mechanism (7) comprises an operation wheel disc (71), an operation transmission rod (72) and an operation transmission box (73), wherein the operation wheel disc (71) is formed at one end part position of the operation transmission rod (72) in the length direction, the other end part of the operation transmission rod (72) in the length direction extends into the operation transmission box (73), the operation transmission box (73) is fixedly arranged on an installation support (51) of the transmission link mechanism (5), one end part of the power input shaft (52) also extends into the operation transmission box (73), and transmission connection between the operation transmission rod (72) and the power input shaft (52) is realized.

9. The pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device of the ship outer plate of claim 6, wherein: a bearing seat (121) is fixedly arranged on the two transmission shaft positioning plates (12) and at positions corresponding to the transmission shafts (56), the transmission shafts (56) penetrate through the two bearing seats (121) and are in rotary connection with the bearing seats, and the transmission shafts (56) are connected with bearings in the bearing seats (121) in a matched mode.

10. A pneumatic centralized air intake and exhaust device for ship outer panels according to claim 2, wherein: a positioning mechanism (8) is further connected to the top of the coaming (2), and the positioning mechanism (8) comprises a pair of positioning swing arms (81) and a pair of cover body connecting arms (82); the two positioning swing arms (81) are arranged at intervals and are of an L-shaped plate-like structure, the two positioning swing arms (81) are provided with positioning swing arm fixing parts (811) and positioning swing arm bending parts (812) formed at the upper end parts of the positioning swing arm fixing parts (811), the positioning swing arm fixing parts (811) of the two positioning swing arms (81) are respectively fixedly arranged on side plates (22) at two sides of the coaming (2), a positioning swing arm hinge sleeve (8121) is formed at one end part of the positioning swing arm bending parts (812) far away from the positioning swing arm fixing parts (811), and the positioning swing arm hinge sleeve (8121) is sleeved on the shaft body of the transmission shaft (56) and is hinged with the transmission shaft (56); the two cover connecting arms (82) are arranged at the same interval and are of an L-shaped plate-like structure, the two cover connecting arms (82) are provided with a cover connecting arm hinging part (821) and a cover connecting arm fixing part (822) which is bent and formed on the cover connecting arm hinging part (821), the cover connecting arm fixing part (822) and the cover connecting arm hinging part (821) are formed into a vertical state, two pairs of cover connecting arm hinge plates (211) are formed on a top surface plate (21) of the coaming (2) and at positions corresponding to the two cover connecting arms (82), one end part of each cover connecting arm hinge plate (821) is penetrated in the two cover connecting arm hinge plates (211) and hinged with the cover connecting arm (211) through a hinging shaft, and the cover connecting arm fixing part (822) is fixedly arranged on the top position of one side surface of the ventilation cover (3) opposite to the hinge plate (11).