CN116800236A - Multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on function and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on function and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116800236A CN116800236A CN202310683630.2A CN202310683630A CN116800236A CN 116800236 A CN116800236 A CN 116800236A CN 202310683630 A CN202310683630 A CN 202310683630A CN 116800236 A CN116800236 A CN 116800236A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
- H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
- H03K17/08116—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit in composite switches
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Power Conversion In General (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of power controllers, in particular to a multichannel solid-state power controller with a soft-on function and an operation method thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power controllers, in particular to a multichannel solid-state power controller with a soft-on function and an operation method thereof.
Background
When a common solid-state power switch is provided with a large capacitive load, the capacitance value can reach 1000 mu F or more, so that the conventional hard-on scheme is not applicable to the large capacitive load, otherwise, the excessive surge current can cause stress of an electric element in the electrifying process, and the problems of service life, potential power hazard and the like of the electric element are reduced.
Currently, there are two solutions proposed to the above problems: a power distribution channel of a solid-state power controller is driven by pulse width modulation so as to achieve the current limiting effect, in order to distinguish whether the rear end is connected with a large capacitive load or truly short-circuited, the power distribution channel of the solid-state power controller is repeatedly turned on/off, the output voltage value is detected, if the capacitive load is detected, the solid-state power controller repeatedly turns on/off for a plurality of periods of capacitance to obtain charging, then the output voltage is detected to rise, otherwise, the short-circuit fault is judged. However, the technical scheme has the defect that the switching loss of the MOSFET is large in the process of repeatedly switching on and off the distribution channel of the solid-state power controller, and particularly under the working condition that full-load current exists, the MOSFET is easy to be damaged due to excessive switching loss.
The other is that each distribution channel of the solid-state power controller is realized in a mode of a composite switch, and the main power channel is realized by a mechanical contactor, so that the solid-state power controller has the advantages of small on-resistance and strong overcurrent capacity; the secondary channel is realized by adopting a solid-state power device MOSFET to connect with a current-limiting resistor in series. The main power channel and the auxiliary channel are connected in parallel, when the power distribution channel is started and connected, the auxiliary channel MOSFET is firstly connected, at the moment, the current limiting resistor connected in series limits the current to be far lower than the current protection threshold value, the current is used as capacitive load for charging, whether the rear end is short-circuited or not is judged by detecting the output voltage value, if the rear end is short-circuited and has faults, the auxiliary channel MOSFET is turned off, otherwise, the main channel is turned on, and the power distribution channel is started and connected. According to the technical scheme, each power distribution channel is required to be added with a secondary channel MOSFET and a current limiting resistor, and the size, the weight and the cost are greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a multichannel solid-state power controller with a soft-on function and an operation method thereof, wherein the multichannel solid-state power controller can start a large capacitive load under the condition of not causing excessive inrush current so as to improve the reliability and the safety of a system and reduce electromagnetic interference.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on function, which comprises an MCU, a power conversion circuit, a bus interface circuit and at least one distribution channel unit;
the output end of the power supply conversion circuit is respectively connected with the MCU, the bus interface circuit and the distribution channel unit, the bus interface circuit is connected with the communication end of the MCU, and the MCU is connected with the distribution channel unit.
The power distribution channel unit comprises a grid driving circuit and a signal conditioning circuit, and the grid driving circuit is connected with the MCU; the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the MCU.
The power distribution channel unit further comprises a main power channel MOSFET and a pre-charge channel MOSFET, wherein the grid electrode of the main power channel MOSFET is connected with one output end of the grid electrode driving circuit; the source of the pre-charge channel MOSFET is connected with the source of the main power channel MOSFET, and the grid of the pre-charge channel MOSFET is connected with the other output of the grid driving circuit.
The power distribution channel unit further comprises a current sensor and an anti-reflection diode, wherein the current input end of the current sensor is connected with the source electrode of the main power channel MOSFET, the current output end of the current sensor is connected with the capacitive load end, and the signal output end of the current sensor is connected with the input end of the signal conditioning circuit; and the anode of the anti-reflection diode is connected with the drain electrode of the pre-charge channel MOSFET.
The multi-channel solid-state power controller with the soft-on function further comprises a current limiting resistor RW, one end of the current limiting resistor RW is connected with a power supply bus, and the other end of the current limiting resistor RW is connected with a cathode of the anti-reflection diode structure.
A multi-channel solid state power controller operation method with soft-on function includes the following steps:
the auxiliary power supply is converted by the power supply change circuit and then supplies power to the MCU, the bus interface circuit, the grid driving circuits of all the power distribution channel units and the signal conditioning circuit;
the upper computer sends a certain distribution channel opening instruction through an external bus, after receiving the opening instruction, the MCU controls a grid driving circuit corresponding to a distribution channel unit to generate a grid driving signal so as to enable a pre-charging channel MOSFET to be connected, at the moment, the pre-charging channel is used as a distribution output channel, and current reaches capacitive loads corresponding to the distribution channel after passing through a current limiting resistor RW, an anti-reflection diode, the pre-charging channel MOSFET and the current from a power supply bus, and begins to charge the capacitance of the capacitive load corresponding to the distribution channel;
after the capacitive load is charged to a certain degree, the MCU controls the MOSFET of the main power channel to be turned on and turns off the MOSFET of the pre-charging channel, and at the moment, the main power channel is used as a power distribution output channel to charge the capacitive load corresponding to the power distribution channel;
and after the capacitance of the capacitive load corresponding to the distribution channel is charged, completing soft start of the distribution channel.
According to the multichannel solid-state power controller with the soft-on function and the operation method thereof, the power supply conversion circuit provides a working power supply, the bus interface circuit is responsible for communication with an upper computer, receives instructions issued by the upper computer and sends data information reported by the MCU, the MCU controls a power distribution switch to be turned on/off according to the instructions of the upper computer, generates a preset switch or instruction time sequence when the power distribution switch is turned off, comprehensively processes acquired current and voltage information and the like, the grid driving circuit respectively generates driving signals for driving the pre-charge channel MOSFET and the main power channel MOSFET according to the control instructions and the time sequence of the MCU, the signal conditioning circuit transmits data acquired by the current/voltage sensor to an AD port of the MCU after being processed by filtering and the like, the pre-charge channel MOSFET is adopted for charging a capacitive load, the charging current is limited to be far lower than a current protection threshold value, and whether the rear end is in short circuit fault or not is judged by detecting an output voltage value, if the short circuit fault is short circuit fault, the pre-charge channel MOSFET is turned off, otherwise the main power channel MOSFET is turned on, the power channel MOSFET is started, the power channel MOSFET is prevented from being turned on, and the charging channel is prevented from being in a small-to-voltage state, and the voltage channel has a small-limit current-limiting state, and the charging channel has a small current-limiting capacity when the pre-charge channel has a small-voltage-state current has a small current-limiting function, and a small-current-limiting value; compared with the scheme of configuring a composite switch for each power distribution channel, the application greatly reduces the volume, the weight and the cost of the solid-state power controller, and is a practical, reliable and economic effective method especially in high-power direct-current application scenes such as airborne high-voltage direct-current power distribution (270V, 450V voltage class and the like).
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a typical application circuit model of a solid state power controller with capacitive loading.
Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of a multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on functionality of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a step diagram of a method of operating a multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on functionality of the present application.
In the figure: 101-MCU, 102-power conversion circuit, 103-bus interface circuit, 104-gate drive circuit, 105-signal conditioning circuit, 106-main power channel MOSFET, 107-pre-charge channel MOSFET, 108-current sensor, 109-anti-reverse diode, 110-current limiting resistor RW.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and, by way of example, are intended to be illustrative, and not to be construed as limiting, of the application.
The first embodiment of the application is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical application circuit model of a solid state power controller with capacitive loading. Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of a multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on functionality of the present application.
The application provides a multichannel solid-state power controller with a soft-on function, which comprises: the power supply comprises an MCU101, a power supply conversion circuit 102, a bus interface circuit 103, a current limiting resistor RW110 and at least one distribution channel unit, wherein the distribution channel unit comprises a grid driving circuit 104, a signal conditioning circuit 105, a main power channel MOSFET106, a pre-charge channel MOSFET107, a current sensor 108 and an anti-reflection diode 109.
For this specific embodiment, the output end of the power conversion circuit 102 is connected to the MCU101, the bus interface circuit 103 and the distribution channel unit, the bus interface circuit 103 is connected to the communication end of the MCU101, and the MCU101 is connected to the distribution channel unit. The gate driving circuit 104 is connected with the MCU 101; the signal conditioning circuit 105 is connected to the MCU 101. The gate of the main power channel MOSFET106 is connected to an output of the gate drive circuit 104; the source of the pre-charge channel MOSFET107 is connected to the source of the main power channel MOSFET106, and the gate of the pre-charge channel MOSFET107 is connected to the other output of the gate drive circuit 104. A current input end of the current sensor 108 is connected with a source electrode of the main power channel MOSFET106, a current output end of the current sensor 108 is connected with a capacitive load end, and a signal output end of the current sensor 108 is connected with an input end of the signal conditioning circuit 105; the anode of the anti-reflection diode 109 is connected to the drain of the pre-charge channel MOSFET 107. One end of the current limiting resistor RW110 is connected to the power bus, and the other end of the current limiting resistor RW110 is connected to the cathode of the anti-reflection diode 109.
The input end of the power conversion circuit 102 is connected with the output end of an auxiliary power supply, the output end of the power conversion circuit 102 is connected with the MCU101, the bus interface circuit 103, and the power ends of the gate driving circuits 104 and the signal conditioning circuits 105 of all the distribution channel units, the bus interface circuit 103 is connected with an external bus, the communication bus between the bus interface circuit 103 and the external bus is one or a plurality of communication interface forms such as a CAN bus, an RS422/RS485 bus, an RS232 bus or an Ethernet port, the bus interface circuit 103 is connected with the communication end of the MCU101, different I/O ports of the MCU101 are connected with the gate driving circuits 104 of different distribution channel units, different AD ports of the MCU101 are connected with the signal conditioning circuits 105 of different distribution channel units, the drain electrode of the main power channel MOSFET106 is connected with a power supply bus, the source electrode of the main power channel MOSFET106 is connected with the current input end of the current sensor 108, the grid electrode of the main power channel MOSFET106 is connected with one output end of the grid driving circuit 104, one end of the current limiting resistor RW110 is connected with the power supply bus, the other end of the current limiting resistor RW110 is connected with the cathode electrode of the anti-reflection diode 109, the anode electrode of the anti-reflection diode 109 is connected with the drain electrode of the pre-charge channel MOSFET107, the source electrode of the pre-charge channel MOSFET107 is connected with the source electrode of the main power channel MOSFET106, the grid electrode of the pre-charge channel MOSFET107 is connected with the other output end of the grid driving circuit 104, the current output end of the current sensor 108 is connected with a capacitive load end, the signal output end of the current sensor 108 is connected with the input end of the signal conditioning circuit 105.
By using the multi-channel solid-state power controller with soft-on function in this embodiment, the power conversion circuit 102 provides working power for each functional module, the bus interface circuit 103 is responsible for communication with an upper computer, receiving an instruction issued by the upper computer and sending data information reported by the MCU101, the MCU101 controls the power distribution switch to be turned on/off according to the upper computer instruction, generates a preset switch or switch-off instruction time sequence, comprehensively processes collected current and voltage information, and the like, the gate driving circuit 104 generates driving signals for driving the pre-charge channel MOSFET107 and the main power channel MOSFET106 according to the control instruction and the time sequence of the MCU101, and the signal conditioning circuit 105 transmits data collected by the current/voltage sensor to the AD port of the MCU101 after filtering and other processes; the application greatly reduces the volume, weight and cost of the solid-state power controller, especially in the high-power DC application scenes such as onboard high-voltage DC power distribution (such as 270V, 450V voltage class, etc.), and the like, and is a practical, reliable and economic effective method.
The second embodiment of the application is as follows:
referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a step diagram of a method for operating a multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on function according to the present application.
The application relates to a multi-channel solid state power controller operation method with a soft-on function, which comprises the following steps:
s201: the auxiliary power supply is converted by the power supply change circuit to supply power to the MCU101, the bus interface circuit 103, the grid driving circuits 104 of all the power distribution channel units and the signal conditioning circuit 105;
s202: the upper computer sends a certain distribution channel opening instruction through an external bus, after receiving the opening instruction, the MCU101 controls the grid driving circuit 104 corresponding to the distribution channel unit to generate a grid driving signal so as to enable the pre-charging channel MOSFET107 to be connected, at the moment, the pre-charging channel serves as a distribution output channel, and current reaches capacitive loads of the corresponding distribution channel after passing through the current limiting resistor RW110, the anti-reflection diode 109, the pre-charging channel MOSFET107 and the current from the power supply bus, and begins to charge the capacitance of the capacitive load of the corresponding distribution channel;
s203: after the capacitive load is charged to a certain degree, the MCU101 controls the main power channel MOSFET106 to be turned on and turns off the pre-charging channel MOSFET107, and at the moment, the main power channel is used as a power distribution output channel to charge the capacitive load of the corresponding power distribution channel;
s204: and after the capacitance of the capacitive load corresponding to the distribution channel is charged, completing soft start of the distribution channel.
Specifically, step 1: the auxiliary power supply is converted by the DC/DC of the power supply change circuit and then is supplied to each functional module, namely the MCU101, the bus interface circuit 103, the grid driving circuits 104 and the signal conditioning circuits 105 of all the power distribution channel units, and each functional module is in a normal working mode; step 2: the upper computer sends a certain distribution channel opening instruction through an external bus, after receiving the opening instruction, the MCU101 controls the grid driving circuit 104 of the distribution channel unit corresponding to the distribution channel to generate a grid driving signal so as to enable the pre-charging channel MOSFET107 to be connected, at the moment, the pre-charging channel serves as a distribution output channel, current reaches capacitive loads corresponding to the distribution channel after passing through the current limiting resistor RW110, the anti-reflection diode 109, the pre-charging channel MOSFET107 and the current from a power supply bus, and begins to charge the capacitive loads corresponding to the distribution channel; step 3: after the capacitive load is charged to a certain degree, i.e. a counter in the MCU101 accumulates and counts a certain value (the charging time can be determined according to the capacitance value of the capacitive load, and then the count value is determined), the MCU101 controls the main power channel MOSFET106 to be turned on, and turns off the pre-charging channel MOSFET107, and at the moment, the main power channel is used as a distribution output channel, i.e. the current passes through the main power channel MOSFET106 and the current from the power supply bus and reaches the capacitive load of the corresponding distribution channel, so as to charge the capacitive load of the corresponding distribution channel; step 4: and after the capacitance of the capacitive load corresponding to the distribution channel is charged, completing soft start of the distribution channel. The pre-charge gate driving signal in step 2 and the main power gate driving signal in step 3 are different signals, the time difference generated between them is the capacitive charging time of the capacitive load, and the time change can be realized by the comprehensive processing of the MCU 101. The capacitive load is charged by adopting the pre-charging channel, the charging current is limited to be far lower than the current protection threshold value, whether the rear end is short-circuited or not is judged by detecting the output voltage value, if the rear end is short-circuited, the pre-charging channel MOSFET107 is turned off, otherwise, the main power channel MOSFET106 is turned on, so that the power distribution channel is started to be turned on, the electric stress of the charging surge current on the power switch device is reduced, and the error protection phenomenon caused by triggering the short-circuit protection function is avoided;
the pre-charging channel shares the current limiting resistor RW110, if the charging current is limited to be lower than the rated current value of the distribution channel, and the on time is shorter, the MOSFET overcurrent capacity of the pre-charging channel is required to be much smaller than that of the main channel MOSFET, so that the MOSFET model with smaller volume can be selected;
compared with the scheme of configuring a composite switch for each power distribution channel, the application greatly reduces the volume, weight and cost of the SSPC, and is a practical, reliable and economic effective method especially in high-power direct current application scenes such as airborne high-voltage direct current power distribution (270V, 450V voltage class and the like).
The foregoing disclosure is only illustrative of one or more preferred embodiments of the present application, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the claims hereof, as persons of ordinary skill in the art will understand that all or part of the processes for practicing the embodiments described herein may be practiced with equivalent variations in the claims, which are within the scope of the application.
Claims (6)
1. A multichannel solid-state power controller with soft-on function is characterized by comprising an MCU, a power supply conversion circuit, a bus interface circuit and at least one distribution channel unit;
the output end of the power supply conversion circuit is respectively connected with the MCU, the bus interface circuit and the distribution channel unit, the bus interface circuit is connected with the communication end of the MCU, and the MCU is connected with the distribution channel unit.
2. A multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on capability as defined in claim 1,
the power distribution channel unit comprises a grid driving circuit and a signal conditioning circuit, and the grid driving circuit is connected with the MCU; the signal conditioning circuit is connected with the MCU.
3. A multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on capability as defined in claim 2,
the power distribution channel unit further comprises a main power channel MOSFET and a pre-charge channel MOSFET, and the grid electrode of the main power channel MOSFET is connected with one output end of the grid electrode driving circuit; the source of the pre-charge channel MOSFET is connected with the source of the main power channel MOSFET, and the grid of the pre-charge channel MOSFET is connected with the other output of the grid driving circuit.
4. A multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on capability as defined in claim 3,
the power distribution channel unit further comprises a current sensor and an anti-reflection diode, wherein the current input end of the current sensor is connected with the source electrode of the main power channel MOSFET, the current output end of the current sensor is connected with the capacitive load end, and the signal output end of the current sensor is connected with the input end of the signal conditioning circuit; and the anode of the anti-reflection diode is connected with the drain electrode of the pre-charge channel MOSFET.
5. A multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on functionality as defined in claim 4,
the multi-channel solid state power controller with the soft-on function further comprises a current limiting resistor RW, one end of the current limiting resistor RW is connected with a power supply bus, and the other end of the current limiting resistor RW is connected with a cathode of the anti-reflection diode structure.
6. A method of operating a multi-channel solid state power controller having a soft-on function, adapted for use in a multi-channel solid state power controller having a soft-on function as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the auxiliary power supply is converted by the power supply change circuit and then supplies power to the MCU, the bus interface circuit, the grid driving circuits of all the power distribution channel units and the signal conditioning circuit;
the upper computer sends a certain distribution channel opening instruction through an external bus, after receiving the opening instruction, the MCU controls a grid driving circuit corresponding to a distribution channel unit to generate a grid driving signal so as to enable a pre-charging channel MOSFET to be connected, at the moment, the pre-charging channel is used as a distribution output channel, and current reaches capacitive loads corresponding to the distribution channel after passing through a current limiting resistor RW, an anti-reflection diode, the pre-charging channel MOSFET and the current from a power supply bus, and begins to charge the capacitance of the capacitive load corresponding to the distribution channel;
after the capacitive load is charged to a certain degree, the MCU controls the MOSFET of the main power channel to be turned on and turns off the MOSFET of the pre-charging channel, and at the moment, the main power channel is used as a power distribution output channel to charge the capacitive load corresponding to the power distribution channel;
and after the capacitance of the capacitive load corresponding to the distribution channel is charged, completing soft start of the distribution channel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310683630.2A CN116800236A (en) | 2023-06-09 | 2023-06-09 | Multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on function and operation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310683630.2A CN116800236A (en) | 2023-06-09 | 2023-06-09 | Multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on function and operation method thereof |
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| CN202310683630.2A Pending CN116800236A (en) | 2023-06-09 | 2023-06-09 | Multi-channel solid state power controller with soft-on function and operation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117438887A (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-01-23 | 天津航空机电有限公司 | Solid state circuit breaker distribution board card, control method, distribution cabinet and distribution cabinet |
-
2023
- 2023-06-09 CN CN202310683630.2A patent/CN116800236A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117438887A (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-01-23 | 天津航空机电有限公司 | Solid state circuit breaker distribution board card, control method, distribution cabinet and distribution cabinet |
| CN117438887B (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-04-09 | 天津航空机电有限公司 | Solid state circuit breaker distribution board card, control method, distribution cabinet and distribution cabinet |
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