CN116798350A - 电子装置 - Google Patents
电子装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116798350A CN116798350A CN202211634896.XA CN202211634896A CN116798350A CN 116798350 A CN116798350 A CN 116798350A CN 202211634896 A CN202211634896 A CN 202211634896A CN 116798350 A CN116798350 A CN 116798350A
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Abstract
本发明是有关一种电子装置,其包含:一显示单元、一显示驱动电路及一电路元件。该显示驱动电路耦接该显示单元。该电路元件设置于该显示单元的一显示区域下,且该电路元件接收该显示驱动电路所产生的一动态更新讯号,该动态更新讯号包含该显示单元的一更新率信息,可以解决了现有技术在屏幕的更新率变动时,无法确实避免显示像素与屏下电路元件相互干扰的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明是有关一种电子装置,尤其是一种将电路元件设置于屏下的电子装置。
背景技术
对于现今消费性电子产品(例如:智能型手机、平板计算机)而言,各家厂商为追求产品的屏幕最大化趋势,会试图将原设置于屏幕边框的电路元件迁移至显示区域的下,而省去原先电路元件于边框上所占用的面积,借此进一步缩小边框的尺寸。如此,于固定的外型尺寸下,电子产品可拥有更大的屏幕,达到较佳的屏占比。目前,可被移置至屏幕下侧的电路元件包含镜头、指纹传感器、各式光传感器等等。
然而,屏幕的显示像素与这些被设置到屏幕下的电路元件可能会交互影响。举例而言,屏下的镜头可能会收到显示像素发出的光线,而造成显像失真;反的,当带有光发射器的电路元件(例如距离传感器、飞时测距、点阵投射器)设置于屏幕下方时,所发出的不可见光仍然可能影响屏幕成像,容易导致屏幕形成亮点。各家厂商对此提出了诸多不同的技术手段来解决显示像素与屏下电路元件相互干扰的问题,例如控制让屏下电路元件在显示像素发光时不作动的解决方案、以及控制让显示像素在屏下电路元件作动时不发光的解决方案等。
伴随着显示技术朝向高屏幕分辨率、高更新率发展,以及系统运算、通讯效能提升下,都会造成电子装置的功耗提高。在有限的电池容量下,部分业者提出动态调整画面更新速度,以达到降低整体功耗的作用。举例来说,可控制让屏幕的更新率在游戏或影片模式下为90Hz以上、在一般操作模式下为60Hz~80Hz、在静态画面为10Hz~30Hz。
然而,屏幕的更新率变动,使得电子装置难以准确定位与其屏下电路元件相对的显示像素何时应发光,造成了许多现有避免显示像素与屏下电路元件相互干扰的解决方案不再有效,显然存在加以改良的必要。
发明内容
本发明的一目的,提供一种电子装置,其借由屏下电路元件接收一显示驱动电路所产生的一动态更新讯号,该动态更新讯号包含显示面板的更新率信息,故根据当下更新率驱动电路元件的作动,可以确实避免显示像素与屏下电路元件相互干扰,解决了现有技术在屏幕的更新率变动时失效的问题。
本发明揭示了一种电子装置,其包含:一显示单元、一显示驱动电路及一电路元件。该显示驱动电路耦接该显示单元。该电路元件设置于该显示单元的一显示区域下,该电路元件耦接于该显示驱动电路,并接收该显示驱动电路所产生的一动态更新讯号,该动态更新讯号包含该显示单元的一更新率信息。
附图说明
图1:其为本发明的电子装置一实施例的结构示意图;
图2:其为本发明的电子装置实施例的动态更新讯号第一种实施态样的示意图;
图3:其为本实施例的电路元件如何运用该动态更新讯号的时序示意图;
图4:其为本发明的电子装置一实施例的电路元件的架构示意图;
图5:其为本发明另一实施例的动态更新讯号的时序示意图;
图6:其为本发明的电子装置实施例的动态更新讯号第二种实施态样的示意图;以及
图7:其为本发明的电子装置实施例的动态更新讯号第三种实施态样的示意图。
【图号对照说明】
1 电子装置
12 显示驱动电路
14 电路元件
142 发光单元
144 感测单元
146 控制电路
16 显示单元
20 基板
202 传输单元
22 处理单元
A 显示区域
A1 局部显示区域
B 边框区域
SS 动态更新讯号
DS 感测讯号
R1 感测光
R2 反射光
C 指令
LD 光驱动讯号
SD 感测驱动讯号
t1、t2、t3 时间差
t1’、t2’、t3’ 脉波宽度
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的结构特征及所达成的功效有更进一步的了解与认识,特用较佳的实施例及配合详细的说明,说明如下:
在说明书及请求项当中使用了某些词汇指称特定的元件,然,所属本发明技术领域中具有通常知识者应可理解,不同的名词可能被用来称呼同一个元件,而且,本说明书及请求项并不以名称的差异作为区分元件的方式,而是以元件在整体技术上的差异作为区分的准则。在通篇说明书及请求项当中所提及的「包含」、「具有」、「设有」为一开放式用语,故应解释成「包含但不限定于」。再者,「耦接」一词在此包含直接及间接的连接手段。因此,若文中描述一第一装置耦接一第二装置,则代表第一装置可直接连接第二装置,或可透过其他装置或其他装置间接地连接至第二装置,而使第一装置及第二装置之间得以进行讯号传输。
以下,将进一步以不同实施例说明本发明所揭示的电子装置及其电路元件所包含的特性、所搭配的结构:
首先,请参阅图1,其为本发明的电子装置一实施例的结构示意图。如图所示,本发明的电子装置1包含一显示驱动电路12、一电路元件14及一显示单元16,本实施例中,电路元件14包含一发光单元142、一感测单元144与一控制电路146,控制电路146分别耦接发光单元142与感测单元144,而显示单元16可以包含液晶显示器(Liquid-Crystal Display,LCD)或有机发光二极管(OLED:Organic Light Emitting Diode)显示器等显示面板,且显示单元16一般还可以整合提供触控功能的触控电路。该电路元件14所包含的发光单元142与感测单元144设置于显示单元16的一显示区域A下,因此,本实施例的电路元件14为屏下式设计。本实施例的发光单元142与感测单元144可以和控制电路146整合于一集成电路芯片中,然而本发明不限于此,更可将发光单元142与感测单元144分别设置于显示区域A下的不同位置并耦接控制电路146。所谓显示区域A指显示单元16具有有效显示像素,得以用来显示画面,且并未被电子装置的一边框区域B所遮蔽的区域。
本实施例以具有发光单元142、感测单元144与控制电路146的电路元件14作为范例,该等电路元件14可以用来构成距离传感器(Proximity Sensor)、飞时测距传感器(Timeof Flight Sensor)、点阵投射器(Dot Projector)等各式感测元件。惟,之所以用此等电路元件14进行说明,是因为其包含的发光单元142可能会影响屏幕成像,导致如何避免显示单元16的显示像素与发光单元142相互干扰变得至关重要。相较于镜头、指纹传感器、环境光传感器等通常只会单方面受到屏幕发光影响的电路元件,利用该电路元件14更容易完整解释本发明的改良所带来的各项技术效果。
接续上述,本实施例的电路元件14进一步耦接一显示驱动电路12,显示驱动电路12耦接该显示单元16。详言之,该显示驱动电路12可以经由一传输单元202耦接该电路元件14的控制电路146,该传输单元202可以为扁平电缆或其他电连接构造。该传输单元202可与该电路元件14设置于一基板20上,该基板20可以为手机等电子产品的主板,但本发明不限于此。该显示驱动电路12一般为由一个或多个独立的集成电路芯片组成,负责控制该显示单元16的驱动时序、驱动电压与显示数据存取等,如此方能正确驱动显示单元16显示画面。
显示驱动电路12会产生一动态更新讯号(Dynamic Refresh Signal)SS,该动态更新讯号SS包含显示单元16的更新率(即更新频率,refresh rate)信息,且在本实施例中该显示驱动电路12将该动态更新讯号SS输出至该电路元件14的控制电路146。举例而言,请参考图2所示,为该动态更新讯号SS的一种实施态样,其包含数个脉波(pulse wave)组成的指令C,如图所示以5个脉波为例,若第一个与最后一个脉波分别代表指令C的开始讯号与结束讯号,则两者之间的3个脉波至少可储存三个位bit[2:0]的更新率信息,也就是至少8种更新率信息。例如000可代表30Hz、010代表60Hz、111可代表120Hz等等。
电路元件14接收该动态更新讯号SS后,只需译码该指令C即可立刻确认显示单元16当下的更新率,因此电路元件14的运作可以与该显示驱动电路12配合。请参照图3所示,为本实施例电路元件14如何运用该动态更新讯号SS的时序示意图。由于电路元件14设置在电子装置1中的位置是固定的,发光单元142设置于显示单元16下时,其所发出的一感测光R1只会影响到显示单元16上一局部显示区域A1中的一行或数行的显示像素。因此,只需要控制使发光单元142在特定的时间作动,即可避开局部显示区域A1中显示像素的发光时间,而避免对显示单元16造成干扰导致其形成亮点或闪烁。举例而言,若需要将控制使发光单元142在局部显示区域A1后200条扫描线(scan line)致能后才作动,在图中标示了局部显示区域A1处的扫描线被致能的时间点在该动态更新讯号SS中的位置,一般情况下,只需要利用这个位置为基准往后数200条扫描线致能所需耗费的时长,即可在适当的时间点控制发光单元142作动。
然而如同先前技术所记载,当显示单元16的更新率可以被动态调整时,如图3所示,发光单元142在显示单元16的不同更新率下应该作动的时间是不同的,这就导致了现有避免显示像素与屏下电路元件相互干扰的解决方案不再有效。相较之下,在本发明实施例中,由于电路元件14接只需译码该指令C即可立刻确认显示单元16当下的更新率,因此无论显示单元16当下的更新率为何,该电路元件14的控制电路146均可计算出发光单元142应该作动的时间。
如上所述,在本实施例中电路元件14包含发光单元142,使该等电路元件14可以用来构成距离传感器、飞时测距传感器、点阵投射器等各式感测元件,以下先以一距离传感器为例,说明该电路元件14收该动态更新讯号SS后的作动方式。如图4所示,电路元件14可包含一光驱动讯号LD与一感测驱动讯号SD,控制电路146接收动态更新讯号SS,并且译码该动态更新讯号SS中的指令C以确认显示单元16当下的更新率,进而依据该更新率计算出发光单元142应该作动的时间。在该发光单元142需作动的时间点,控制电路146会产生该光驱动讯号LD并传送至发光单元142,以驱动发光单元142发出一感测光R1,同时,在本实施例中,更可由控制电路146进一步产生该感测驱动讯号SD并传送至感测单元144,以驱动感测单元144感测感测光R1的一反射光R2。除此之外,在本发明部分实施例中,感测单元144持续感测光线而不停歇,因此控制电路146可仅利用该光驱动讯号LD驱动发光单元142。发光单元142可为一发光二极管(Light-emitting diode)或一雷射二极管(Laser Diode),感测光R1在一般距离感测的操作上以红外光等不可见光为主。
此外,如图1所示电路元件14将感测单元144感测产生的一感测讯号DS传送至基板20上的一处理单元22,处理单元22可以依据感测单元144提供的感测讯号D判断显示单元16是否接近物体或人体,进而判断是否禁能显示单元16的触控功能与显示功能。
本发明借由上述实施例,可以让电路元件14与该显示驱动电路12配合,使得无论显示单元16当下的更新率为何,均可让电路元件14依据该更新率计算出发光单元142应该作动的时间,进而够避免发光单元142的感测光R1干扰显示像素正常显示色彩,确保不易导致显示单元16形成亮点或闪烁。
值得注意的是,上述电路元件14应该作动的时间,可以由该指令C的开始讯号向前推算、由该指令C的开始讯号向后推算、由该指令C的结束讯号向前推算、由该指令的结束讯号向后推算,本发明并不以此为限。实际上,只要该电路元件14能够根据该动态更新讯号SS获得显示单元16当下的更新率,即可与该显示驱动电路12配合来控制发光单元142的作动。其中,该动态更新讯号SS的指令C的开始或结束脉波可以对应显示驱动电路12的时序信号产生,例如对应撕裂效应(tearing effect,TE)信号、扫描线讯号或其他同步信号来产生该指令C。另外,指令C可以对应该显示驱动电路12要驱动该显示单元16所显示的每个帧(frame),也可以间隔数个帧的才对应形成一个指令C。
承上所述,在本发明其他实施例中,电路元件14还可能为镜头(影像传感器)、指纹传感器等各种不同的应用元件,然而即使该电路元件14不具有发光单元142,仍然可以利用该动态更新讯号SS来判断显示单元16当下的更新率,进而使该电路元件14对应或避开显示单元16的显示像素发光时间。
实则,请参照图5所示,为本发明另一实施例的动态更新讯号SS的时序示意图。如前述实施例所说明的,发光单元142在显示单元16的不同更新率下应该作动的时间是不同的,其中一个主要原因是扫描线被致能的时间在不同更新率下可能存在差异。为此,在本实施例中该动态更新讯号SS可以夹带所述扫描线致能时间(line time)信息。例如,在指令C中每个脉波的宽度,可以对应一条(或多条)扫描线被致能的时间,由于在等低更新率下通常可容许较长的扫描线致能时间,而在高更新率下通常只容许较短的扫描线致能时间,因此当该动态更新讯号SS以扫描线致能时间信息来设定脉波的宽度时,将呈现如图所示的结果。此扫描线致能时间可以让该电路元件14的控制电路146通过设置计时电路来读取,以便其作后续的运算。
另一方面,请参照第6及7图所示,其为本发明实施例的动态更新讯号SS的各种实施态样变化,实则在本发明实施例中,各种能够将显示单元16的更新率信息输出至该电路元件14的控制电路146的方式皆可被采用。例如在图6中,可以通过该指令C的开始脉波与结束脉波的时间差t1、t2、t3来编码表示显示单元16的更新率。或者在在图7中,该指令C包含宽度不同的脉波,且脉波的宽度t1’、t2’、t3’可以用来编码表示显示单元16的更新率。当然在其他的实施态样变化中,利用脉冲宽度调变的工作周期(duty ratio)来表示显示单元16的更新率也可能被实施。
为了凸显本发明各实施例所带来的突出效果,以下举一市售产品实际的动态调整画面更新速度的方式为例进行说明。在标榜具有自适应功能的产品中,其为了避免调整画面更新率的过程产生会被人眼察觉的闪烁情况,其一般会在初始更新率及目标更新率之间对更新做一适应性渐进调整。例如倘若需要将显示单元16的更新率从120Hz调降为10Hz,可能会在极短的时间内依序将显示单元16依120Hz、90Hz、60Hz、30Hz、10Hz的顺序渐进调整。在这种情况下,如果采用本发明各实施例让显示驱动电路12输出动态更新讯号SS至电路元件14的方法,电路元件14即可立刻确认显示单元16当下的更新率,以对电路元件14的作动时机同步进行控制。相反地,如果采用现有技术的方案,即使电子装置1最终有其他手段可以在完成自适应更新率调整后,通知该电路元件14显示单元16的更新率已调降为10Hz,然而在整个调整过程中电路元件14均无从得知显示单元16当下的更新率,当然也就无法控制电路元件14在恰当的时机作动。
综上所述,本发明为一种电子装置,其借由屏下电路元件接收一显示驱动电路所产生的一动态更新讯号,该动态更新讯号包含显示面板的更新率信息,借此根据当下更新率驱动电路元件的作动,可以确实避免显示像素与屏下电路元件相互干扰。尤其当该屏下电路元件包含一发光单元时,更可避免发光单元所发出的光线干扰显示像素正常显示色彩,确保不易导致显示面板形成亮点或闪烁。
上文仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用来限定本发明实施的范围,凡依本发明权利要求范围所述的形状、构造、特征及精神所为的均等变化与修饰,均应包括于本发明的权利要求范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种电子装置,其特征在于,且包含:
一显示单元;
一显示驱动电路,该显示驱动电路耦接该显示单元;
一电路元件,设置于该显示单元的一显示区域下,该电路元件耦接于该显示驱动电路,并接收该显示驱动电路所产生的一动态更新讯号,该动态更新讯号包含该显示单元的一更新率信息。
2.如权利要求1所述的电子装置,其特征在于,其中,该电路元件包含一控制电路,该控制电路译码该更新率信息,并且根据该更新率信息控制该电路元件的作动。
3.如权利要求2所述的电子装置,其特征在于,其中,该动态更新讯号包含一指令,该指令包含该更新率信息及一开始讯号,该电路元件依据该更新率信息由该开始讯号推算该电路元件的作动时间。
4.如权利要求2所述的电子装置,其特征在于,其中,该动态更新讯号包含一指令,该指令包含该更新率信息及一结束讯号,该电路元件依据该更新率信息由该结束讯号推算该电路元件的作动时间。
5.如权利要求2所述的电子装置,其特征在于,其中,该电路元件包含一发光单元,该电路元件根据该更新率信息控制发光单元的作动。
6.如权利要求5所述的电子装置,其特征在于,其中,该发光单元为一发光二极管或一雷射二极管。
7.如权利要求5所述的电子装置,其特征在于,其中,该电路元件另包含一感测单元,该控制电路依据该动态更新讯号产生一光驱动讯号至该发光单元并产生一感测驱动讯号至该感测单元,该发光单元依据该光驱动讯号产生一光源,该感测单元依据该感测驱动讯号接收该光源对应的一反射光,以产生对应的一感测讯号。
8.如权利要求5所述的电子装置,其特征在于,其中,该电路元件构成距离传感器、飞时测距传感器或点阵投射器。
9.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的电子装置,其特征在于,其中,该电路元件根据该更新率信息作动,以避免该显示单元与该电路元件相互干扰。
10.如权利要求5至8中任一项所述的电子装置,其特征在于,其中,该电路元件根据该更新率信息作动,以避免该发光单元所发出的光线干扰该显示单元正常显示。
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