CN116794254A - Method for monitoring residual chlorine content in water body by using Babylonia - Google Patents
Method for monitoring residual chlorine content in water body by using Babylonia Download PDFInfo
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- CN116794254A CN116794254A CN202310654098.1A CN202310654098A CN116794254A CN 116794254 A CN116794254 A CN 116794254A CN 202310654098 A CN202310654098 A CN 202310654098A CN 116794254 A CN116794254 A CN 116794254A
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- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 241000606434 Babylonia Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 231100000517 death Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005176 gastrointestinal motility Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008855 peristalsis Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trichloro-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950009390 symclosene Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QNGVNLMMEQUVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n,4-n-diethylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 QNGVNLMMEQUVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000920062 Babylonia areolata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004081 cilia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036244 malformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001054 red pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JXAZAUKOWVKTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium pyrosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OS([O-])(=O)=O JXAZAUKOWVKTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/186—Water using one or more living organisms, e.g. a fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring residual chlorine content in water by utilizing Babylonia, which comprises the steps of putting Babylonia larvae into a water sample, continuously monitoring for three days, and evaluating residual chlorine content in the water by using indexes of food fullness, gastrointestinal motility rate, daily average growth of shells, sinking rate, swimming speed, death rate and algae color change degree of the Babylonia larvae. The method can comprehensively judge the problem of residual chlorine content in the water body so as to take proper measures and determine the time for throwing aquatic seedlings. The method can be applied to the aquaculture to judge residual chlorine residues, realizes more accurate judgment, continuously monitors the content and the harmfulness of residual chlorine residues in the water body after the chlorine preparation is used, and reduces the environmental protection pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of monitoring of chlorine content in water, and particularly relates to a method for monitoring residual chlorine content in water by using Babylonia.
Background
The Babylonia is of the phylum mollusca, class gastropoda, class pre-gill subclass, order Celloda, or family Odonidae. Has the advantages of high growth speed, short cultivation period, delicious meat taste, rich nutrition and the like, is deeply favored by farmers and consumers, and is a precious sea product with higher economic value.
The Babylonia is widely distributed in southeast coast and southeast Asia in China, and the main cultivation provinces of the Babylonia in China are Hainan, guangdong, fujian and Guangxi. Babylonia is generally distributed in a sea area with water depth of several meters to tens of meters under tide, and different types have different requirements on the substrate, generally sandy, muddy or muddy. Babylonia quadricarinata is a warm water species and living on the sea floor with fine sand and muddy qualities of 11-55 m of shallow sea water depth on the coast under tide. The Babylonia is one of important marine biological resources, and the artificial culture of the Babylonia is rapidly developed due to higher economic value, and the culture scale and the culture area of the Babylonia are gradually enlarged due to market demands, so that the Babylonia becomes one of main varieties of mariculture in the south.
Chlorine preparations such as strong chlorine essence, bleaching powder and the like are often used for sterilizing water bodies in aquaculture, and Chinese patent 'sterilizing disinfectant for aquaculture' can be used for sterilizing and disinfecting water bodies in aquaculture of shrimps, crabs, sea cucumbers, edible fishes, ornamental fishes and the like, and consists of the following raw materials: sodium pyrosulfate, sodium chloride, sodium dichloroisourate, sodium chlorite, calcium sulfate, tartaric acid, calcium hypochlorite and purified water. The aquaculture disinfectant can replace the common disinfectant, kill microorganisms and bacteria in water, prolong the service life of water and reduce the water changing frequency.
After the existing disinfectant is adopted for effect, neutralizing agents such as sodium bicarbonate and the like are generally adopted to eliminate residual chlorine in the water body, but the residual chlorine is inevitably eliminated. In addition, in the actual cultivation process, residual chlorine is oxidative, and the stronger the recovery of the pond bottom is, the easier residual chlorine is absorbed. Especially, when the bleaching powder is used up, the water is in a continuous rainy day, residual chlorine is easy to accumulate and accumulate at the bottom of the pond, the oxidation of the bottom of the pond is enhanced after the water is discharged all the day long, and the residual chlorine can be released, namely, the residual chlorine rebounds; in addition, residual chlorine can be affected by a number of environmental factors, which in turn can lead to unstable residual chlorine in the pond with fluctuating levels. In this case, the seedlings of the aquatic animals are cultivated to cause malformation and death in serious cases, resulting in economic loss.
The residual chlorine detection method comprises an iodometric method, a DPD method, an N, N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine spectrophotometry method and the like, but the method cannot continuously monitor a target water body, a water sample is required to be taken manually before each detection, a color reagent solution is titrated, light refraction, inaccurate titration, unclear water color and the like can cause color development deviation, so that the detection precision of the residual chlorine is influenced, the detection efficiency is influenced, and the detection efficiency of the residual chlorine in water is further influenced; and because the residual chlorine content in the pond is unstable and uncertain, and the phenomenon of residual chlorine rebound frequently occurs, the residual chlorine detection method is only adopted, so that whether the water body meets the growth of the Babylonia seedlings cannot be properly evaluated. Therefore, how to provide a residual chlorine monitoring method capable of accurately judging or evaluating the cultivation of Babylonia in real time is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art problems, the primary aim of the invention is to provide a method for monitoring the residual chlorine content in the water body by using the Babylonia, which not only can realize the sustainable monitoring of the Babylonia on the residual chlorine in the water body, but also can efficiently judge the range of the residual chlorine content in the water body, has lower cost and is more environment-friendly and green by using biological monitoring by using the sensitivity of the Babylonia on the chlorine in the water body.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for monitoring residual chlorine content in water body by utilizing Babylonia comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding a chlorine preparation into the water body of the culture pond to disinfect the water body of the culture pond;
(2) Adding a chlorine removing agent into the water body of the culture pond to neutralize the water body of the culture pond;
(3) Adding Babylonia larvae into a culture pond, keeping the water body in the culture pond oxygenated in a continuous micro-boiling state, putting single-cell algae into the culture pond to culture the larvae, and monitoring the food fullness, gastrointestinal motility rate, daily average growth of shells, sinking rate, swimming speed, death rate and algae color change degree of the Babylonia larvae within 0-72 hours; or (b)
Adding water in a culture pond into a container, keeping the water in the container oxygenated in a continuous micro-boiling state, adding unicellular algae to culture larvae, and monitoring the food fullness, gastrointestinal motility rate, daily average growth of shells, sinking rate, swimming speed, death rate and algae color change degree of the Babylonia larvae within 0-72 hours;
(4) Chlorine content in water: and (3) evaluating the residual chlorine content in the water body according to indexes of the food fullness in the stomach, the gastrointestinal motility rate, the daily average growth of the shells, the sinking rate, the swimming speed, the death rate and the algae color change clear degree of the Babylonia larvae in the step (3).
The inventor discovers that the Babylonia larvae have high sensitivity to the residual chlorine content in the water body through long-term researches on water body animals, and the small change of the residual chlorine content in the water body can greatly influence the feeding state, the activity state, the growth state and the index of whether the Babylonia larvae sink or not. The Babylonia larvae and other aquatic animals are the same organisms, are closer to the change of the residual chlorine content in physiological change, and can be more accurate as monitoring organisms for monitoring the water quality. Based on the above, the inventor further finds that indexes such as the stomach food fullness, the gastrointestinal motility rate, the daily average growth of shells, the sinking rate, the swimming speed, the death rate, the algae color change clear degree and the like of the Babylonia larvae are closely related to the residual chlorine content in the water body through experiments, and the residual chlorine content in the water body can be quantitatively judged and identified through evaluating the numerical range of the indexes. The invention utilizes the sensitivity of the Babylonia to the residual chlorine, not only can realize the continuous monitoring of the Babylonia to the residual chlorine in the water body, but also can efficiently judge the range of the residual chlorine content in the water body, and can early warn in advance according to different symptoms corresponding to the residual chlorine with different contents. In addition, the invention reduces the use of the related reagent for chlorine detection, has lower cost and saving money, and is more environment-friendly and green by utilizing biological monitoring.
Preferably, in the step (4), the evaluation is:
when the algae color change degree is more than or equal to 90 percent and more than 95 percent of larvae are full of stomach, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is more than or equal to 60 times/min, the daily average growth of shells is more than or equal to 80 mu m/d, the sinking rate is less than 5 percent, the swimming speed is more than or equal to 1.5cm/s, and the death rate is 0-2 percent, the residual chlorine content in the water body of the culture pond is estimated to be 0.00-0.02 mg/L;
when the color change degree of the algae is 70-90%, the larva half stomach with more than 80% has the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate of 40-60 times/min, the daily average increment of the shell height is 50-80 mu m/d, the sinking rate is 5-50%, the swimming speed is 1.0-1.5 cm/s, and the death rate is 2-10%, the residual chlorine content in the water body of the culture pond is estimated to be 0.02-0.10 mg/L;
when the algae color change degree is 30-70%, 50-75% of larvae have empty stomach, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is 10-40 times/min, the daily average growth amount of the shells is 20-50 mu m/d, the sinking rate is 50-90%, the swimming speed is 0.5-1.0 cm/s, and the death rate is 10-90%, the residual chlorine content in the water body of the culture pond is estimated to be 0.10-0.60 mg/L;
when the color change degree of the algae is 0-30%, the larvae with more than 75% are empty of stomach openings, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is 0-10 times/min, the daily average growth of the shells is less than 20 mu m/d, the sinking rate is more than or equal to 90%, the swimming speed is 0-0.5 cm/s, and the death rate is more than or equal to 90%, the residual chlorine content in the water body of the culture pond is estimated to be more than or equal to 0.60mg/L; wherein the critical value is based on the lower limit value in the interval value and belongs to the interval.
Preferably, in the step (1), the chlorine preparation is selected from one or more of bleaching powder, chlorine dioxide and trichloroisocyanuric acid.
Preferably, in the step (1), the chlorine formulation is used in an amount of 3.0 to 7.0ppm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the water body environment is controlled to be 8.0-8.5 in pH value after neutralization, the water temperature is 24-25 ℃, the salinity is 32-33, and the oxygen content is higher than 5mg/L. Under the water environment, the Babylonia larvae grow more conveniently.
Preferably, in the step (2), the chlorine scavenger is sodium thiosulfate.
Preferably, in the step (2), the chlorine scavenger is used in an amount equal to the chlorine formulation.
Preferably, in the step (3), the eastern conch larva is one or more of an early-stage paradise larva, an intermediate-stage paradise larva or a later-stage paradise larva of the eastern conch.
Preferably, in the step (3), 200-1000 mL of water in the culture pond is taken and added into the container.
Preferably, in the step (3), the density of the Babylonia larvae is 0.06-0.3/mL.
Preferably, in the step (3), the number of the Babylonia larvae is at least 20.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the Babylonia larvae with high sensitivity to the chlorine content in the water body are found to be organisms similar to other aquatic animals, are closer to each other in physiological change, and can be used for monitoring the water quality accurately as monitoring organisms. According to the invention, the chlorine content in the water body can be continuously monitored in real time by adopting the Babylonia areolata, and early warning can be performed in advance according to different symptoms corresponding to residual chlorine with different contents. The invention reduces the use of related reagents for chlorine detection, has lower cost and is more environment-friendly and green by utilizing biological monitoring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a state diagram of the mid-term larvae of Tofendrospirits in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a state diagram of mid-term larvae of Tofendrospirits in example 2.
FIG. 3 is a state diagram of mid-term larvae of Tofendrospirits in example 3.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the survival of the mid-term larvae of Tofendrospirits in example 4.
FIG. 5 is a state diagram showing the death of the middle stage larvae of Tofendrospirits in example 4.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated in the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the reagents, methods and apparatus employed in the present invention are those conventional in the art.
In the following examples, the phrase "early-stage palace-larvae of Babylonia" refers to the developmental stage in which 2 residual egg yolk pieces are clearly visible in the Babylonia larvae, and two palace-larvae are oval, bilaterally symmetrical, and dense-edged cilia.
The phrase "mid-term larvae of Babylonia" refers to the corresponding developmental stage after the disappearance of the main characteristic vitelline blocks in the larvae of Babylonia.
The phrase "the later-stage larvae of the Babylonia" refers to the development period of the Babylonia larvae when the larvae of the Babylonia prop open to swim like a butterfly, and the characteristics of water outlet pipes, kisses, gill wire red pigment spots and the like are grown.
The term "empty stomach" means no food in the stomach of the Babylonia larvae.
The term "hemistomach" means that food in the stomach of the Babylonia larvae occupies 40% to 66.7% of the stomach volume.
The term "stomach full" means that the food in the stomach of the Babylonia larvae occupies more than 80% of the stomach volume.
Example 1
(1) Adding 4ppm of strong chlorine essence into a water body of a culture pond (3.0x4.0x2.0 m, water depth of 1.5 m) to disinfect the water body;
(2) Adding sodium thiosulfate with the same amount as that of the strong chlorine essence in the step (1) into the water body of the culture pond, neutralizing the water body, controlling the pH value of the water body of the culture pond to be 8.0-8.5, the water temperature to be 24-25 ℃, the salinity to be 32-33 and the oxygen content to be higher than 5mg/L;
(3) Adding 1L of water at the bottom of the culture pond into a beaker, and keeping the water in the beaker oxygenated in a continuous micro-boiling state;
(4) 100 larvae of the middle-stage head of the Babylonia are added to ensure that the density of the larvae in a beaker is 0.1/ml, the larvae are cultivated by putting flat algae, and the states of the larvae of the middle-stage head of the Babylonia (namely, the food fullness, the gastrointestinal motility rate, the daily average growth of the shells, the sinking rate, the swimming rate, the death rate and the color change degree of the algae) are monitored within 0 to 72 hours.
(5) Judging the chlorine content in the water body: according to the food fullness in the stomach, the gastrointestinal motility rate, the daily average increase of the shells, the sinking rate, the swimming speed, the mortality and the algae color change clear degree of the larvae in the middle stage of the Babylonia in the monitoring process of the step (4), the residual chlorine content in the water body is evaluated and judged according to the specific evaluation criteria (the critical value is based on the lower limit value in the zone value and belongs to the zone):
(1) ultralow content of residual chlorine (0.00-0.02 mg/L): the algae color change clear degree is more than or equal to 90 percent, the stomach saturation rate of larvae with more than 95 percent, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is more than or equal to 60 times/min, the daily increase of the shells is more than or equal to 80 mu m/d, the sinking rate is less than 5 percent, the swimming speed is more than or equal to 1.5cm/s, and the death rate is 0 to 2 percent;
(2) low content residual chlorine (0.02-0.10 mg/L): the color change clear degree of the algae is 70-90%, the half stomach rate of the larvae above 80%, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is 40-60 times/min, the daily average growth of the shells is 50-80 mu m/d, the sinking rate is 5-50%, the swimming speed is 1.0-1.5 cm/s, and the death rate is 2-10%;
(3) residual chlorine (0.10-0.60 mg/L) in the medium content: the algae color change clear degree is 30-70%, 50-75% of larvae have empty stomach, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is 10-40 times/min, the daily average growth of the shells is 20-50 mu m/d, the sinking rate is 50-90%, the swimming speed is 0.5-1.0 cm/s, and the death rate is 10-90%;
(4) high content of residual chlorine (more than or equal to 0.60 mg/L): the clear degree of the algae color change is 0-30%, the rate of the peristalsis of larvae with more than 75% is 0-10 times/min, the daily average growth of the shells is less than 20 mu m/d, the sinking rate is more than or equal to 90%, the swimming speed is 0-0.5 cm/s, and the death rate is more than or equal to 90%.
The food fullness, the gastrointestinal motility rate, the daily increase in the shell height, the sinking rate, the swimming speed, the death rate and the algae color change clear degree of the middle-term larvae of the Babylonia in the step (4) are monitored by adopting the following test method:
food fullness in stomach: the stomach of the middle-stage larvae of the Babylonia is observed by using a microscope, so that the food fullness in the stomach is clear, and the stomach is judged to be empty, half-stomach and full-stomach.
Gastrointestinal motility rate: the mid-term larvae of Babylonia were counted for rotations per second using a microscope observation.
Daily increase in shell height: the shell height of the mid-term larvae of Babylonia was measured using a microscope with dimensions.
Sinking rate: sediment ratio = number of mid-term larvae of bottom-sinking Babylonia/initial number x 100%.
Swimming speed: the mid-term larvae of Babylonia were placed in a petri dish and the distance of movement per second was measured.
Mortality rate: mid-term larvae of Babylonia were no longer motile and were judged to be dead within 30s, mortality = number of deaths/initial number x 100%.
Degree of clear water of algae color: measured with a spectrophotometer.
In this example, the state diagram of the mid-term larvae of Babylonia is shown in FIG. 1, and the test data are as follows: the algae color change clear degree is 92%,95% of larvae are full, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is 63 times/min, the daily increase of the shells is 89 mu m/d, the sinking rate is 2%, the swimming speed is 1.6cm/s, and the death rate is 1%.
In the embodiment, the medium-term larvae of the Babylonia meet the standard (1) and have ultralow content of residual chlorine, and the content of the residual chlorine in the water body is 0.00-0.02 mg/L.
Example 2
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the dosage of the chloridion and the sodium thiosulfate is 5ppm.
In this example, the state diagram of the mid-term larvae of Babylonia is shown in FIG. 2, and the test data are as follows: the algae color change clear degree is 78%,87% of larva half stomach, gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is 56 times/min, daily shell height average increment is 63 mu m/d, sinking rate is 25%, swimming speed is 1.2cm/s, and death rate is 8%.
In the embodiment, the mid-term larvae of the Babylonia meet the standard (2) and have low residual chlorine content, and the residual chlorine content in the water body is 0.02-0.10 mg/L.
Example 3
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the dosage of the chloridion and the sodium thiosulfate is 6ppm.
In this example, the state diagram of the mid-term larvae of Babylonia is shown in FIG. 3, and the test data are as follows: the algae color change clear degree is 35%,65% of larvae empty stomach, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is 16 times/min, the daily increase of the shells is 31 mu m/d, the sinking rate is 84%, the swimming speed is 0.7cm/s, and the death rate is 82%.
In the embodiment, the mid-term larvae of the Babylonia meet the content of residual chlorine in the standard (3), and the content of the residual chlorine in the water body is 0.10-0.60 mg/L.
Example 4
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the consumption of the strong chlorine extract is 5ppm, sodium thiosulfate is not added, and residual chlorine is naturally volatilized.
In this example, the state diagram of the mid-term larvae of Tofenugreek is shown in FIG. 4 (larval surviving state) and FIG. 5 (larval dead state), and the test data are as follows: the algae color change clear degree is 5%,94% of larvae have empty stomach, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is 3 times/min, the daily average growth amount of the shells is 4 mu m/d, the sinking rate is 97%, the swimming speed is 0.2cm/s, and the death rate is more than or equal to 97%.
As can be seen, in the embodiment, the mid-term larvae of Babylonia meet the standard (4) and have high residual chlorine content, and the residual chlorine content in the water body is more than or equal to 0.60mg/L.
Test example 1
And (3) monitoring the residual chlorine content of the pool bottom water body in the step (3) in the examples 1-4 by adopting a Liyang brand residual chlorine detection kit. The residual chlorine content of the pool bottom bodies of examples 1 to 4 were monitored as shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the experimental results in the table 1, the method for monitoring the residual chlorine content of the water body by using the Babylonia can reasonably and accurately predict the content range of the residual chlorine in the water body.
The foregoing examples are illustrative only and serve to explain some features of the method of the invention. The claims that follow are intended to claim the broadest possible scope as conceivable and the embodiments presented herein are demonstrated for the applicant's true test results. It is, therefore, not the intention of the applicant that the appended claims be limited by the choice of examples illustrating the features of the invention. Some numerical ranges used in the claims also include sub-ranges within which variations in these ranges should also be construed as being covered by the appended claims where possible.
Claims (10)
1. The method for monitoring the residual chlorine content in the water body by using the Babylonia is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Adding a chlorine preparation into the water body of the culture pond to disinfect the water body of the culture pond;
(2) Adding a chlorine removing agent into the water body of the culture pond to neutralize the water body of the culture pond;
(3) Adding Babylonia larvae into a culture pond, keeping the water body in the culture pond oxygenated in a continuous micro-boiling state, putting single-cell algae into the culture pond to culture the larvae, and monitoring the food fullness, gastrointestinal motility rate, daily average growth of shells, sinking rate, swimming speed, death rate and algae color change degree of the Babylonia larvae within 0-72 hours; or (b)
Adding water in a culture pond into a container, keeping the water in the container oxygenated in a continuous micro-boiling state, adding unicellular algae to culture larvae, and monitoring the food fullness, gastrointestinal motility rate, daily average growth of shells, sinking rate, swimming speed, death rate and algae color change degree of the Babylonia larvae within 0-72 hours;
(4) Chlorine content in water: and (3) evaluating the residual chlorine content in the water body according to indexes of the food fullness in the stomach, the gastrointestinal motility rate, the daily average growth of the shells, the sinking rate, the swimming speed, the death rate and the algae color change clear degree of the Babylonia larvae in the step (3).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (4), the evaluating is:
when the algae color change degree is more than or equal to 90 percent and more than 95 percent of larvae are full of stomach, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is more than or equal to 60 times/min, the daily average growth of shells is more than or equal to 80 mu m/d, the sinking rate is less than 5 percent, the swimming speed is more than or equal to 1.5cm/s, and the death rate is 0-2 percent, the residual chlorine content in the water body of the culture pond is estimated to be 0.00-0.02 mg/L;
when the color change degree of the algae is 70-90%, the larva half stomach with more than 80% has the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate of 40-60 times/min, the daily average increment of the shell height is 50-80 mu m/d, the sinking rate is 5-50%, the swimming speed is 1.0-1.5 cm/s, and the death rate is 2-10%, the residual chlorine content in the water body of the culture pond is estimated to be 0.02-0.10 mg/L;
when the algae color change degree is 30-70%, 50-75% of larvae have empty stomach, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is 10-40 times/min, the daily average growth amount of the shells is 20-50 mu m/d, the sinking rate is 50-90%, the swimming speed is 0.5-1.0 cm/s, and the death rate is 10-90%, the residual chlorine content in the water body of the culture pond is estimated to be 0.10-0.60 mg/L;
when the color change degree of the algae is 0-30%, the larvae with more than 75% are empty of stomach openings, the gastrointestinal peristalsis rate is 0-10 times/min, the daily average growth of the shells is less than 20 mu m/d, the sinking rate is more than or equal to 90%, the swimming speed is 0-0.5 cm/s, and the death rate is more than or equal to 90%, the residual chlorine content in the water body of the culture pond is estimated to be more than or equal to 0.60mg/L; wherein the critical value is based on the lower limit value in the interval value and belongs to the interval.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the chlorine formulation is selected from one or more of bleach, chlorine dioxide, trichloroisocyanuric acid.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the chlorine formulation is used in an amount of 3.0 to 7.0ppm.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the water environment is controlled to have a pH value of 8.0-8.5, a water temperature of 24-25 ℃, a salinity of 32-33 and an oxygen content of more than 5mg/L after neutralization.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the chlorine scavenger is sodium thiosulfate.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the chlorine scavenger is used in an amount equal to the chlorine formulation.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3) the eastern conch larvae are one or more of early stage, mid stage or late stage larvae of the eastern conch.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), 200-1000 mL of the water in the culture pond is taken and added into the container.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein in step (3), the density of the Babylonia larvae is 0.06-0.3/mL.
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| CN111795962A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-20 | 中国神华煤制油化工有限公司 | Composition with function of detecting residual chlorine content in water body and method for detecting residual chlorine content in water body |
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| CN104322402A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-02-04 | 交通运输部水运科学研究所 | Marine environmental impact prediction method for cold drained water and residual chlorine of coastal LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) receiving station |
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