CN116788202A - Cold and warm defrosting system and vehicle - Google Patents
Cold and warm defrosting system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN116788202A CN116788202A CN202210255454.8A CN202210255454A CN116788202A CN 116788202 A CN116788202 A CN 116788202A CN 202210255454 A CN202210255454 A CN 202210255454A CN 116788202 A CN116788202 A CN 116788202A
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- defroster
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- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
- B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
- B60S1/023—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices including defroster or demisting means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cold-warm defrosting system and a vehicle, which belong to the field of pure electric buses, wherein a cooling heat exchange core in a cold-warm defroster and a first heat source end of a heat exchanger are utilized to form a refrigerant cold circulation pipeline, a second heat source end of the heat exchanger is arranged in a refrigerant circulation pipeline of an air conditioner, and the heat exchange of a refrigerant between the refrigerant circulation pipeline of the air conditioner and the cold-warm defroster is realized by utilizing the heat exchanger; a refrigerant heat circulation pipeline is formed between a heating heat exchange core body and a heater in the cold and warm defroster, and the heater is used for heating the refrigerant, so that the heating of the cold and warm defroster is realized. The cooling and heating defrosting system can be used for respectively realizing cooling of the driving area of the whole vehicle and defrosting and demisting of the front windshield, replacing PTC direct heating and cooling of a refrigerant system, and avoiding safety accidents of PTC chip short circuit. The heating heat exchange core body is adopted in the cold and warm defroster to replace the refrigerant evaporation core body, so that the condition that the refrigerant leaks into the vehicle is avoided, and the safety and the comfort of the vehicle are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cooling and heating defrosting system and a vehicle, and belongs to the field of pure electric buses.
Background
The pure electric motor coach is usually used as a single-heating defroster, a PTC heater (automobile heater) is arranged in the defroster, after the PTC heater is electrified and heated, hot air is blown out by a fan in the defroster, and the hot air is blown to a front windshield glass from each air outlet of an instrument desk of the coach through a pipeline to defrost and defog, but the method can only be used for simply heating to defrost and defog. In spring and autumn, especially summer, after the glass is defogged by the PTC heater, a large amount of hot air is still accumulated in the car, so that the car is stuffy, and the comfort of drivers and passengers is poor and complains are large. And the voltage platform of the pure electric bus is high, the PTC stability is poor, the failure rate is high, and safety problems such as chip explosion and short circuit are easy to generate.
In order to solve the problem of poor comfort of a single-warm defroster, a part of high-end pure electric buses are additionally provided with a refrigerant evaporation heat exchange core body and an expansion valve in the vehicle, and the refrigerating function is realized by butt joint with a reserved interface of an air conditioner of the whole vehicle. In spring and autumn, especially in summer, the defogging is carried out by utilizing the refrigerated dry air, and the dehumidification is carried out by utilizing the PTC heated air after the refrigeration, so that the cooling effect of the driving area can be improved by independently using the refrigeration, and the comfort of the driving area is improved. But pure [ electric ] motor coach's voltage platform is high, and PTC stability is poor, the fault rate is high, produces safety problems such as burst, short circuit easily, in addition, has the safety risk that refrigerant revealed when high-pressure refrigerant got into the driver's cabin.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cold and warm defrosting system and a vehicle, which are used for solving the problem of poor safety caused by defrosting of an electric bus by adopting a PTC heater.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method comprising:
the invention relates to a cold and warm defrosting system, which comprises a cold and warm defroster, wherein the cold and warm defroster comprises a shell, and an air flow channel is formed in the shell; the downstream end of the airflow channel is connected with a front baffle air outlet, and the upstream end of the airflow channel is used for air inlet; a cooling heat exchange core body and a heating heat exchange core body are arranged in the airflow channel;
a heat exchange medium cold cycle is formed between the cooling heat exchange core body and a first heat source exchange end of the heat exchanger; the second heat source exchange end of the heat exchanger is arranged in a refrigerant circulation loop of the air conditioner, so that the refrigerant exchanges heat with a heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger; the heating heat exchange core body and the heater form heat exchange medium heat circulation, and the heater is used for heating the heat exchange medium.
The cold-warm defrosting system provided by the invention utilizes the cooling heat exchange core in the cold-warm defroster and the first heat source end of the heat exchanger to form a refrigerant cold circulation pipeline, the second heat source end of the heat exchanger is arranged in the refrigerant circulation pipeline of the air conditioner, and the heat exchange of the refrigerant between the refrigerant circulation pipeline of the air conditioner and the cold-warm defroster is realized by utilizing the heat exchanger; a refrigerant heat circulation pipeline is formed between a heating heat exchange core body and a heater in the cold and warm defroster, and the heater is used for heating the refrigerant, so that the heating of the cold and warm defroster is realized.
The cooling and heating defrosting system can be used for respectively realizing cooling of the driving area of the whole vehicle and defrosting and demisting of the front windshield, replacing PTC direct heating and cooling of a refrigerant system, and avoiding safety accidents of PTC chip short circuit. The heating heat exchange core body is adopted in the cold and warm defroster to replace the refrigerant evaporation core body, so that the condition that the refrigerant leaks into the vehicle is avoided, and the safety and the comfort of the vehicle are improved.
Further, the refrigerant circulation loop comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator for exchanging heat with air flow entering the vehicle; the pipeline where the evaporator is positioned is connected with the pipeline where the second heat source exchange end is positioned in parallel to form a parallel pipeline;
when the ambient temperature is higher than the set upper limit, the refrigerant circulation loop works in a refrigerating state, so that the refrigerant absorbs heat through the evaporator and absorbs heat through the second heat source exchange end simultaneously, and the air flow passing through the cold and warm defroster is cooled through the heat exchange medium cold circulation and cooling heat exchange core;
when the ambient temperature is lower than a set value and defrosting and demisting requirements exist, the refrigerant circulation loop works in a refrigerating state, so that the refrigerant absorbs heat through the second heat source exchange end, the heat exchange medium is used for condensing and dehumidifying the air flow passing through the cold and warm defroster through the heat exchange medium cold circulation and the cooling heat exchange core body, and meanwhile, the heater is started, and the air flow passing through the cold and warm defroster is heated through the heat exchange medium heat circulation.
When the ambient temperature is higher than the set upper limit, namely in high-temperature weather, the air conditioner refrigerant circulation pipeline is controlled to refrigerate, meanwhile, the cold-hot defroster is controlled to cool the air flow through the cooling heat exchange core body, meanwhile, the air flow entering the vehicle and blowing to the glass is cooled, the refrigerating effect is improved, meanwhile, the refrigerated air is condensed, the air is dry and has low water content, and defogging is facilitated by blowing the front windshield; when the ambient temperature is lower than a set value and defrosting and demisting requirements exist, namely, in low-temperature weather, but the front windshield is required to be defrosted and demisted, at the moment, the corresponding air conditioner refrigerant circulation pipeline heats, the cold-warm defroster condenses the gas passing through the cold-warm defroster by utilizing the cooling heat exchange core body, the dryness of the gas is guaranteed, and then the part of gas is heated by utilizing the heating heat exchange core body and then blown to the front windshield to defrost and demist. The cold-warm defrosting system can select different working modes according to the actual conditions of the environment and the demands of passengers, improve the riding comfort of the passengers and reduce the energy consumption of the vehicle.
Further, the refrigerant circulation loop also comprises a reversing device, one end of the parallel pipeline is connected with the condenser in series and then is connected with a second port of the reversing device, the other end of the parallel pipeline is connected with a fourth port of the reversing device, the third port of the reversing device is connected with the inlet of the compressor, and the outlet of the compressor is connected with the first port of the reversing device;
when the whole vehicle has heating requirements and the environmental temperature is higher than the set lower limit, the first port of the reversing device is controlled to be communicated with the fourth port, the second port of the reversing device is controlled to be communicated with the third port of the reversing device, so that the refrigerant circulation loop works in a heat pump state, and refrigerant vapor is condensed and released at the evaporator and the second heat source exchange end.
The reversing device adopts the four-way reversing valve, and the four-way reversing valve is utilized to control the flow direction of the refrigerant, so that the whole vehicle works in different working modes. When the whole vehicle has heating requirements and the environment temperature is higher than the set lower limit, the air conditioner refrigerant circulation pipeline works in a heat pump state, and simultaneously the refrigerant releases heat in the plate heat exchanger, so that the refrigerant in the cold and warm defroster exchanges heat in the plate heat exchanger, and heat is transferred to the heating heat exchange core body after the heat exchange, so that the cold and warm defroster heats. And heat is provided for the cold and warm defroster by heating of an air conditioner heat pump, so that the heating efficiency of the cold and warm defroster is improved, and the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is reduced.
Further, the method for making the refrigerant circulation loop work in the refrigeration state is that the first port of the reversing device is controlled to be communicated with the second port, and the third port is controlled to be communicated with the fourth port.
Further, a carriage radiator is connected in parallel on a pipeline where the heater is positioned, and the carriage radiator is used for performing heat exchange with air flow entering the vehicle;
when the whole vehicle has heating requirements and the environmental temperature is lower than the set lower limit, the heater is started, the air flow passing through the cold and warm defroster is heated through heat exchange medium heat circulation, and the air flow entering the vehicle is heated through the carriage radiator.
When the whole vehicle has heating requirements and the environmental temperature is lower than the set lower limit, the heater is used for heating the refrigerant, so that the cold and warm defroster is used for heating and the carriage radiator is used for heating. The heating device adopts the combination of the heater and the air conditioner heat pump to heat all parts of the whole vehicle, can realize heating of the cold and warm defroster in various modes, and ensures defrosting and demisting effects of the front windshield.
Further, a first expansion valve is connected in series on one side of the pipeline where the evaporator is connected with the condenser, and a second expansion valve is connected in series on one side of the pipeline where the second heat source exchange end is connected with the condenser; the first expansion valve and the evaporator are also connected with one end, close to the second expansion valve, of a pipeline where the second heat source exchange end is located through a first bypass; one end, far away from the second expansion valve, of the pipeline where the second heat source exchange end is located is connected with a third port of the reversing device through a second bypass;
when the whole vehicle has heating requirements and defrosting and demisting requirements, the first port of the reversing device is controlled to be communicated with the fourth port, the second port of the reversing device is controlled to be communicated with the third port of the reversing device, so that the refrigerant circulation loop works in a heat pump state, and the refrigerant vapor coming out of the compressor is firstly condensed and released through the evaporator by controlling the stop valve on the corresponding pipeline; one path of the exothermic refrigerant is evaporated and absorbed in the condenser through the first expansion valve and then returns to the compressor; the other path is condensed and absorbed at the second heat source exchange end through the first bypass and the second expansion valve, and then returns to the compressor through the second bypass.
When the whole vehicle has heating requirements and defrosting and demisting requirements, the air conditioner refrigerant circulation loop is utilized to work in a heat pump mode, and simultaneously, the refrigerant releases heat in the plate heat exchanger, so that the refrigerant in the cold and warm defroster exchanges heat in the plate heat exchanger, and then the refrigerant after the air conditioner works in the heat pump mode releases heat and the refrigerant after the heat exchange in the plate heat exchanger return to the compressor through the four-way reversing valve. The heating device adopts the combination of the heater and the air conditioner heat pump to heat all parts of the whole vehicle, can realize heating of the cold and warm defroster in various modes, and ensures defrosting and demisting effects of the front windshield.
Further, the cold and warm defroster is provided with a drain outlet at the lowest position in the shell.
The cold and warm defroster generates condensed water when refrigerating by using the refrigerating heat exchange core body, so the condensed water is discharged out of the shell by using the water discharge port.
Further, the cold-warm defroster is provided with a damper for switching between the inner air intake and the outer air intake at the upstream of the air flow passage.
The proportion of the inner air inlet and the outer air inlet is adjusted by the air door, so that independent outer fresh air inlet or independent inner air inlet structure is avoided, the opening degree of the air door can be adjusted according to actual needs, and fresh air mixing with different proportions is realized.
Further, the branch where the heater is located is connected with the branch where the heating heat exchange core is located and the branch where the carriage radiator is located through the three-way proportional regulating valve respectively.
The ratio of the refrigerant entering the cold and warm defroster and the radiator can be adjusted by using the three proportional regulating valves.
The invention also provides a vehicle which comprises the cold-warm defrosting system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first portion of the construction of a cold and warm defroster of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second portion of the cold and warm defroster of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the heat exchanging core of the cold and warm defroster of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cooling and heating defrost system for a passenger vehicle in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the operation of mode one of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of mode two of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of mode three of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of mode four of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the operation of mode five of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
System embodiment:
the invention provides a novel cold and warm defrosting system for a passenger car, which eliminates a high-voltage PTC heater arranged in a defroster, avoids the problems of poor PTC stability and high failure rate, and further avoids the safety problems of chip explosion, short circuit and the like caused by the PTC heater. And the air conditioner refrigerant evaporation core is eliminated, so that the safety risk problem of leakage caused by the fact that high-pressure refrigerant enters the cab is avoided.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cold and warm defroster of the present invention includes a cold and warm defroster air outlet 21, a defroster housing 22, a fan 23, a heat exchange core (for heating) 24, a heat exchange core (for cooling) 25, an air inlet door 26, a defroster air inlet 27 in a vehicle, a defroster air inlet 28 outside the vehicle, a drain pipe 29, and an air inlet door position adjusting motor 20.
The air outlet 21 of the cold and warm defroster is used for being connected with an air outlet at a front windshield glass on an instrument desk, and delivering air treated by the cold and warm defroster into a vehicle for defrosting and defogging the front windshield glass. The blower 23 adopts a perfusion turbine blower, is a carbon brush-free motor, and has low noise and long service life compared with a carbon brush motor. The heat exchange core (for heating) 24 adopts an aluminum belt type structure and is used for providing heating heat for the cold and warm defroster, and the heated coolant transfers the heat to the air in the cold and warm defroster after passing through the heat exchange core (for heating) to realize heating. The heat exchange core (for refrigeration) 25 is also in an aluminum belt type structure, and is used for providing refrigeration cold energy for the cold and warm defroster, and the cooled coolant passes through the heat exchange core (for refrigeration) and then transfers the cold energy to air in the cold and warm defroster to realize refrigeration. The air inlet door 26 is used for air inlet of the cold and warm defroster. The air inlet 27 in the defroster vehicle is communicated with the interior of the vehicle and is used for extracting air from the interior of the vehicle, and the air in the vehicle is high in cleanliness and small in temperature difference relative to the air outlet. The defroster outside air intake 28 communicates with the outside of the vehicle compartment, and air is drawn from the outside of the vehicle compartment, and the outside air of the vehicle compartment is low in humidity in winter, suitable for defrosting and defogging, and the outside air is fresher, and can increase the oxygen content of the air in the vehicle compartment. However, in places with large wind sand and dust, the air cleanliness is poor, and a filter screen is required to be arranged at the air inlet during installation. Whether the defroster in-car air inlet 27 or the defroster out-car air inlet 28 is used for switching the air inlet mode of the defroster, the motor is adjusted to move through the position angle of the air inlet, and accordingly the air door is driven to rotate, and the air inlet with different proportions of inside and outside mixed air is formed. When the drain pipe 20 is used for refrigeration, condensed water is generated on the surface of the refrigeration heat exchange core body, and the condensed water is discharged out of the cold-warm defroster. a is a heating water inlet and outlet pipe, and b is a refrigerating water inlet and outlet pipe.
The heat exchange core (for heating) 24 and the heat exchange core (for cooling) 25 have the same core structure, and specifically, as shown in fig. 3, include a water chamber 31, a water chamber 32, a water chamber 33, a water inlet and outlet 34, a partition 35, a heat radiating fin 36, and a water passing flat tube 37. The cavity that baffle 35 will be connected inlet outlet 34 divide into hydroecium 31 and hydroecium 32, and coolant passes through hydroecium 31 or hydroecium 32 and gets into water flat tube 37 and carries out the heat transfer with the air, and fin 36 passes through the brazing in water flat tube 37 both sides, increases the heat transfer effect of coolant and air, turns back after passing through hydroecium 33, flows out the heat exchange core after carrying out the heat transfer again through water flat tube 37. In the invention, the coolant adopts a mixed solution of ethylene glycol and water, and other coolants can be adopted besides the mixed solution.
The passenger cooling and heating defrosting system provided by the invention utilizes the cooling and heating defroster to be connected with the whole vehicle air conditioning system and the heating system, realizes the functions of cooling, heating, defrosting, demisting and the like of the cooling and heating defroster, and avoids various safety problems easily caused by adopting a PTC heater in the existing defroster.
As shown in fig. 4, the cooling and heating defrosting system for a passenger car provided by the invention comprises an air-conditioning compressor 1, a four-way reversing valve 2, a gas-liquid separator 3, a condenser 4, a first electronic expansion valve 5, a carriage evaporator 6, a first electromagnetic valve 7, a second electromagnetic valve 8, a third electromagnetic valve 9, a fourth electromagnetic valve 10, a second electronic expansion valve 11, a plate heat exchanger 12, a water pump 13, a cooling and heating defroster 14, a water pump 15, a liquid heater 16, a three-way proportional control valve 17 and a carriage radiator 18.
In the carriage refrigeration process, the air-conditioning compressor 1 compresses high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas, the refrigerant gas is introduced into the condenser 4 through the four-way reversing valve 2, the refrigerant gas is liquefied into refrigerant liquid after passing through the condenser 4, the refrigerant liquid flows into the evaporator 6 through the first electronic expansion valve 5, the refrigerant liquid is gasified into the refrigerant gas, heat is required to be absorbed, heat in the carriage is taken away, the refrigerant gas formed after the refrigerant is gasified is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 3 through the four-way reversing valve 2, and after the refrigerant gas and the refrigerant liquid are separated by the gas-liquid separator 3, the air-conditioning compressor 1 extracts the refrigerant gas for new compression.
In the refrigerating process of the defroster, the air-conditioning compressor 1 compresses high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas, the refrigerant gas is introduced into the condenser 4 through the four-way reversing valve 2, the refrigerant gas is liquefied into refrigerant liquid after passing through the condenser 4, the refrigerant liquid reaches the plate heat exchanger 12 through the first electromagnetic valve 7 and the second electronic expansion valve 11, the plate heat exchanger continuously absorbs heat to gasify the refrigerant liquid into the refrigerant gas, the refrigerant gas formed after the refrigerant gasification is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 3 through the four-way reversing valve 2, and after the refrigerant gas and the refrigerant liquid are separated by the gas-liquid separator 3, the air-conditioning compressor 1 extracts the refrigerant gas to perform new round of compression. The heat absorbed by the plate heat exchanger 12 comes from the cooling and heating defroster coolant, and the coolant in the cooling and heating defroster continuously provides heat for the plate heat exchanger to reduce the temperature, and the cooled coolant is driven by the water pump 13 to provide cooled refrigerant for a heat exchange core (for refrigeration) in the cooling and heating defroster 14 for refrigeration.
In the heating process of a carriage heat pump, the air-conditioning compressor 1 compresses high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas, the refrigerant gas is introduced into the evaporator 6 through the four-way reversing valve 2, the refrigerant gas is liquefied into refrigerant liquid in the evaporator 6, a large amount of heat is released in the liquefying process of the refrigerant gas, thereby the heating effect is achieved, the refrigerant liquid formed after the refrigerant is liquefied is introduced into the condenser 4 through the first electronic expansion valve 5, the condenser 4 absorbs heat to gasify the refrigerant liquid into the refrigerant gas, the refrigerant gas is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 3 through the four-way reversing valve 2, and the refrigerant gas and the refrigerant liquid are separated by the gas-liquid separator 3, and then the air-conditioning compressor 1 extracts the refrigerant gas for a new round of compression.
The car radiator 18 comprises a driver warmer, a passenger area radiator and a passenger door pedal warmer, and is heated by a liquid heater 16 in the heating process of the car radiator through high-voltage power battery of the whole car, power is provided by a water pump 15, the refrigerant is heated by the liquid heater 16, reaches the car radiator 18 through a three-way proportional control valve 17, and the car radiator 18 is heated by the high-temperature refrigerant. The liquid heater 16 of the present invention may employ a PTC liquid heater or a fuel oil heater.
In the heating process of the cold and warm defroster heat pump, the air-conditioning compressor 1 compresses high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas, the refrigerant gas is led into the plate heat exchanger 12 through the four-way reversing valve 2 and the third electromagnetic valve 9, the refrigerant gas is liquefied into refrigerant liquid in the plate heat exchanger 12, a large amount of heat is discharged in the process of liquefying the refrigerant, the liquefied refrigerant liquid enters the condenser 4 through the 2 nd electronic expansion valve 11 and the first electromagnetic valve 7, the refrigerant liquid in the condenser 4 absorbs heat and gasifies into the refrigerant gas, the refrigerant gas is led into the gas-liquid separator 3 through the four-way reversing valve 2, and the refrigerant gas and the refrigerant liquid are separated by the gas-liquid separator 3, and then the air-conditioning compressor 1 extracts the refrigerant gas for new compression. The refrigerant in the cold and warm defroster is heated by a large amount of heat released from the plate heat exchanger 12 during the liquefaction of the refrigerant, and the heated refrigerant is driven by the water pump 13 to supply the heated refrigerant to the heat exchange core (heating) in the cold and warm defroster 14 for heating.
In the heating process of the cold and warm defroster heat pump by heating the refrigerant by the liquid heater, the power of the whole vehicle power battery is high-voltage, the water pump 15 is used for providing power, the liquid heater 16 is used for heating the refrigerant, and the heated refrigerant is used for providing the heated refrigerant for a heat exchange core (for heating) in the cold and warm defroster 14 by the three-way proportional control valve 17.
Based on the above-mentioned various conditions of cooling and heating, and according to the external environment temperature of the vehicle and different demands for defrosting, defogging, heating, the following centralized operation modes are classified:
mode one: when the temperature is high in summer, the whole vehicle needs to be refrigerated rapidly, and besides the air conditioner, a cold-warm defroster is adopted for simultaneous refrigeration so as to accelerate the temperature drop of a driving area. In operation, as shown in fig. 5, when the air conditioner and the cold and warm defroster receive a cooling demand, the first electronic expansion valve 5, the second electronic expansion valve 11, the first electromagnetic valve 7 and the third electromagnetic valve 9 are opened, and the second electromagnetic valve 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 10 are closed. The air conditioner carries out the carriage refrigeration process and simultaneously, the cold and warm defroster carries out the defroster refrigeration process, and the carriage takes away heat through the air conditioner evaporimeter, and the cold and warm defroster carries out heat exchange in plate heat exchanger 12 through the drive refrigerant of water pump 13, takes away the heat in the cold and warm defroster. The first electronic expansion valve 5 and the second electronic expansion valve 11 are mutually independent and can work independently or simultaneously, and the two are complementarily coupled, namely, the refrigerating processes of the air conditioner and the cold and warm defroster can work independently or simultaneously.
Mode two: in spring, autumn, the humidity is high in the morning and evening or in rainy days, the front windshield of the vehicle is easy to fog, but the vehicle does not need to be refrigerated by an air conditioner, and a cold and warm defroster is needed to defog so as to remove fog on the surface of the front windshield, so that the cold and warm defroster is needed to refrigerate. As shown in fig. 6, the working process is that the first electronic expansion valve 5 is closed, the first electromagnetic valve 7 and the third electromagnetic valve 9 are opened, the second electromagnetic valve 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 10 are closed, the refrigerant circulation provides cold for the plate heat exchanger 12, and the water pump 13 operates to provide cooled refrigerant for the heat exchange core (for refrigeration) in the cold-warm defroster 14, namely, a heat exchange medium cold circulation is formed between the heat exchange core (for refrigeration) and the plate heat exchanger. In addition, the water pump 15 is operated, the liquid heater 16 is operated, the three-way proportional control valve 17 is opened to supply heated refrigerant to the heat exchange core (for heating) in the cold and warm defroster 14, and at this time, the heat exchange core (for cooling) and the heat exchange core (for heating) of the cold and warm defroster are operated simultaneously. After the air enters the cold and warm defroster through the air door, the temperature is reduced through the heat exchange core (for refrigeration) and the moisture in the air is condensed and separated out, so that the air is ensured to be dried, wherein the moisture separated out in the air is discharged out of the cold and warm defroster through the drain pipe. The cooled and dried air is heated by a heat exchange core (for heating), and dry hot air is blown out from an air outlet of the cold-warm defroster to defog the front windshield.
Mode three: when the vehicle is at the ambient temperature of more than or equal to minus 5 ℃, the energy efficiency of heating by the heat pump is higher than that of heating by the liquid heater at the ambient temperature, so that the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is saved, the cruising energy of the vehicle is improved, the use cost of a customer is reduced, and the whole vehicle heats by the heat pump. The working process is as shown in fig. 7, the first electronic expansion valve 5, the second electronic expansion valve 11, the first electromagnetic valve 7, the third electromagnetic valve 9 are opened, and the second electromagnetic valve 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 10 are closed. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor releases heat through the evaporator 6 and the plate heat exchanger 12, and the evaporator 6 exchanges heat with the air in the cabin to raise the temperature in the cabin. The water pump 13 operates, and the cold-warm defroster 14 drives the refrigerant to exchange heat in the plate heat exchanger 12 through the water pump 13, so as to provide heated refrigerant for a heat exchange core (for heating) in the cold-warm defroster 14 to heat, namely, heat exchange medium heat circulation is formed between the heat exchange core (for heating) and the plate heat exchanger.
Mode four: when the temperature of the vehicle is less than-5 ℃, the energy efficiency of heating by the heat pump is lower than that of heating by the liquid heater, so that the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is saved, the whole vehicle is heated by the liquid heater, and the air conditioner compressor does not work. As shown in fig. 8, the water pump 15 is operated, the liquid heater 16 heats the refrigerant, the heated refrigerant flows into the heat exchange core (heating) in the compartment radiator 18 and the cold-warm defroster 14 through the three-way proportional control valve 17, and heat is transferred into the vehicle through the compartment radiator 18 and the cold-warm defroster 14, so that passengers can warm and defrost the front windshield.
Mode five: when the weather is cold in the morning and evening in spring, autumn and rainy season, passengers in the carriage are more, so that the moisture is big, but under the condition, warm air is needed in the carriage, and the front windshield is required to be defogged by dry air. As shown in fig. 9, the first electronic expansion valve 5 and the second electronic expansion valve 11 are opened, the first electromagnetic valve 7 and the third electromagnetic valve 9 are closed, the second electromagnetic valve 8 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 10 are opened, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the air-conditioning compressor 1 is cooled and liquefied into refrigerant liquid through the evaporator 6, and part of the refrigerant liquid is gasified and absorbed through the condenser 4 to form refrigerant gas which flows back to the four-way reversing valve 2; the other part of the refrigerant liquid flows into the plate heat exchanger 12 through the second electromagnetic valve 8, absorbs heat and gasifies into refrigerant gas in the plate heat exchanger 12, then merges with the first part of the refrigerant gas through the fourth electromagnetic valve 10, and flows back to the gas-liquid separator 3 through the four-way reversing valve 2. The refrigerant in the loop of the cold-warm defroster 14 releases heat in the plate heat exchanger 12, so that the temperature is reduced, the cooled refrigerant flows into a heat exchange core (for refrigeration) in the cold-warm defroster 14 after being driven by a water pump 13, namely, a heat exchange medium cold cycle is formed between the heat exchange core (for refrigeration) and the plate heat exchanger, air enters the cold-warm defroster through an air door, then is cooled through the heat exchange core (for refrigeration) and is condensed to separate out moisture in the air, and the air is ensured to be dried, wherein the separated moisture in the air is discharged out of the cold-warm defroster through a drain pipe. According to the indoor temperature, whether the liquid heater works or not is controlled, so that the heating of the carriage and the air outlet temperature of the cold-warm defroster are improved.
The cold-warm defroster and the cold-warm defroster system for the passenger car provided by the invention have the advantages that the PTC heater and the refrigerant refrigeration are replaced by the refrigerant heat exchange, the safety and the comfort of the passenger car are improved, and the reliability of parts is improved. In the cold and warm defrosting system, the refrigerating and heating functions of the air conditioner and the cold and warm defroster of the carriage are independently designed, different functions of vehicle requirements can be realized, and the space and the cost for system installation are saved. In addition, the combination of the heater and the heat pump air conditioner is adopted to heat each part of the vehicle, so that defrosting and defogging of the front windshield can be realized in various modes.
Vehicle embodiment:
the present invention provides a vehicle, which adopts the above-mentioned cold-warm defrosting system, and the cold-warm defrosting system is already explained in the system embodiment, and will not be described here again.
Claims (10)
1. A cold and warm defrost system comprising a cold and warm defroster including a housing in which an air flow passage is formed; the downstream end of the airflow channel is connected with a front baffle air outlet, and the upstream end of the airflow channel is used for air inlet; a cooling heat exchange core body and a heating heat exchange core body are arranged in the airflow channel;
a heat exchange medium cold cycle is formed between the cooling heat exchange core body and a first heat source exchange end of the heat exchanger; the second heat source exchange end of the heat exchanger is arranged in a refrigerant circulation loop of the air conditioner, so that the refrigerant exchanges heat with a heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger; the heating heat exchange core body and the heater form heat exchange medium heat circulation, and the heater is used for heating the heat exchange medium.
2. The cool-warm defrosting system according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant circulation circuit includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator for heat-exchanging with an air flow entering the vehicle; the pipeline where the evaporator is positioned is connected with the pipeline where the second heat source exchange end is positioned in parallel to form a parallel pipeline;
when the ambient temperature is higher than the set upper limit, the refrigerant circulation loop works in a refrigerating state, so that the refrigerant absorbs heat through the evaporator and absorbs heat through the second heat source exchange end simultaneously, and the air flow passing through the cold and warm defroster is cooled through the heat exchange medium cold circulation and cooling heat exchange core;
when the ambient temperature is lower than a set value and defrosting and demisting requirements exist, the refrigerant circulation loop works in a refrigerating state, so that the refrigerant absorbs heat through the second heat source exchange end, the heat exchange medium is used for condensing and dehumidifying the air flow passing through the cold and warm defroster through the heat exchange medium cold circulation and the cooling heat exchange core body, and meanwhile, the heater is started, and the air flow passing through the cold and warm defroster is heated through the heat exchange medium heat circulation.
3. The cold and warm defrosting system according to claim 2, wherein the refrigerant circulation loop further comprises a reversing device, wherein one end of the parallel pipeline is connected with the second port of the reversing device after being connected with the condenser in series, the other end of the parallel pipeline is connected with the fourth port of the reversing device, the third port of the reversing device is connected with the inlet of the compressor, and the outlet of the compressor is connected with the first port of the reversing device;
when the whole vehicle has heating requirements and the environmental temperature is higher than the set lower limit, the first port of the reversing device is controlled to be communicated with the fourth port, the second port of the reversing device is controlled to be communicated with the third port of the reversing device, so that the refrigerant circulation loop works in a heat pump state, and refrigerant vapor is condensed and released at the evaporator and the second heat source exchange end.
4. A cold and warm defrosting system according to claim 3 wherein the refrigerant circulation circuit is operated in a cooling state by controlling the reversing device such that the first port communicates with the second port and the third port communicates with the fourth port.
5. The cool-warm defrosting system according to claim 4, wherein the heater is further connected in parallel with a cabin radiator for exchanging heat with an air flow entering the vehicle;
when the whole vehicle has heating requirements and the environmental temperature is lower than the set lower limit, the heater is started, the air flow passing through the cold and warm defroster is heated through heat exchange medium heat circulation, and the air flow entering the vehicle is heated through the carriage radiator.
6. The cool-warm defrosting system according to claim 5, wherein the evaporator is further connected in series with a first expansion valve on a side of the evaporator connected to the condenser, and the second heat source exchange end is further connected in series with a second expansion valve on a side of the evaporator connected to the condenser; the first expansion valve and the evaporator are also connected with one end, close to the second expansion valve, of a pipeline where the second heat source exchange end is located through a first bypass; one end, far away from the second expansion valve, of the pipeline where the second heat source exchange end is located is connected with a third port of the reversing device through a second bypass;
when the whole vehicle has heating requirements and defrosting and demisting requirements, the first port of the reversing device is controlled to be communicated with the fourth port, the second port of the reversing device is controlled to be communicated with the third port of the reversing device, so that the refrigerant circulation loop works in a heat pump state, and the refrigerant vapor coming out of the compressor is firstly condensed and released through the evaporator by controlling the stop valve on the corresponding pipeline; one path of the exothermic refrigerant is evaporated and absorbed in the condenser through the first expansion valve and then returns to the compressor; the other path is condensed and absorbed at the second heat source exchange end through the first bypass and the second expansion valve, and then returns to the compressor through the second bypass.
7. The cool and warm defrost system according to claim 6, wherein the cold and warm defroster is provided with a drain port at a lowest position in the housing.
8. The cool-warm defrost system according to claim 7, wherein the cool-warm defroster is provided with a damper for switching between the inner air intake and the outer air intake upstream of the air flow passage.
9. The cooling and heating defrost system according to claim 8, wherein the branch where the heater is located is connected to the branch where the heating heat exchanging core is located and the branch where the cabin radiator is located, respectively, through a three-way proportional control valve.
10. A vehicle comprising a cooling and heating defrost system according to any one of claims 1-9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210255454.8A CN116788202A (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Cold and warm defrosting system and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210255454.8A CN116788202A (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Cold and warm defrosting system and vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116788202A true CN116788202A (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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ID=88040428
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210255454.8A Pending CN116788202A (en) | 2022-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Cold and warm defrosting system and vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116788202A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-03-15 CN CN202210255454.8A patent/CN116788202A/en active Pending
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