CN116779910A - Air side spraying humidification system based on fin auxiliary humidification - Google Patents
Air side spraying humidification system based on fin auxiliary humidification Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 253
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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Abstract
The invention provides an air side spray humidification system based on fin auxiliary humidification, belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and solves the problems of insufficient water source, winter icing and water mist phase change of the existing ultrasonic atomization humidification system. The system comprises a galvanic pile, an intercooler, a turbine air compressor, a humidifier, a silencer, a water pump, a water storage tank, a water diversion piece and a tail exhaust throttle valve. The humidifier is internally provided with a plurality of electric heating fins which are arranged in a staggered way, and a small-flow atomizing nozzle with controllable working state is arranged above each electric heating fin, so that the electric heating fins provide additional energy for large liquid drops and liquid water generated by the small-flow atomizing nozzle to gasify. The air inlet of the electric pile is connected with the pinch roller cavity output end of the turbine air compressor after passing through the intercooler and the humidifier in sequence, and the air tail gas outlet is connected with the input end of the water diversion piece after passing through the tail exhaust throttle valve, the turbine cavity of the air compressor and the silencer in sequence. The water outlet end of the water distributing part is connected with the water supply end of each small-flow atomizing spray head through the water storage tank and the water pump in sequence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to an air side spray humidification system based on fin auxiliary humidification.
Background
At present, the application scene of the fuel cell engine is gradually expanded, including ships, submarines, unmanned aerial vehicles, trains, automobiles and the like. Passenger and commercial vehicles are the mainstay of fuel cell engine applications. Due to the requirements of characteristics such as galvanic pile performance and durability, the in-pile air must be air with a certain humidity.
Currently, common air humidification schemes for fuel cells include membrane tube humidification, bubbling humidification, spray humidification, and the like. The spray humidification scheme is focused on the advantages of high reliability, high adjustability of the water spray amount, high response speed and the like. However, in the vehicle application scenario, the existing spray humidification scheme has the following disadvantages: firstly, the water source is insufficient, the cooling liquid of the vehicle-mounted fuel cell engine is special antifreeze liquid and cannot be used as a spray humidification water source, the temperature of air after a turbine is relatively high, liquid water generated by phase change is less, and the water source requirement of spray humidification is not satisfied; secondly, the problem of low-temperature icing of the water storage tank in winter is solved, the vehicle is shut down after running in winter, water in the water storage tank can be frozen, and the next starting-up cannot be performed in time; finally, the water mist sprayed by the spray head cannot completely gasify the humidified air, and part of the water mist still enters the electric pile as large liquid drops or even liquid water, so that the electric pile is damaged, and effective humidification cannot be realized.
Although the spray humidifier disclosed in the Chinese patent application No. 202110998197.2 provides the concept of fin heat exchange assisted humidification, the spray humidifier has a complex structure and a huge volume, is only suitable for application scenes of fuel cell test tables, and is not suitable for application scenes with high requirements on integration level and miniaturization, such as vehicle-mounted application scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the embodiment of the invention aims to provide an air side spray humidification system based on fin assisted humidification, which is used for solving the problems of insufficient water source, winter icing and water mist phase change of the existing ultrasonic atomization humidification system.
In one aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides an air side spray humidification system based on fin auxiliary humidification, which comprises a galvanic pile, an intercooler, a turbine air compressor, a humidifier, a silencer, a water pump, a water storage tank, a water distributing piece and a tail exhaust throttle valve; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the humidifying cavity in the humidifier is provided with a plurality of electric heating fins which are arranged in a staggered way, and a small-flow atomizing nozzle (the flow is 2-6L/h) with controllable working state is arranged above each electric heating fin, so that the electric heating fins provide additional energy for large liquid drops and liquid water generated by the small-flow atomizing nozzle to gasify;
the air inlet of the electric pile is connected with the pinch roller cavity output end of the turbine air compressor after passing through the intercooler and the humidifier in sequence, and the air tail gas outlet of the electric pile is connected with the input end of the water diversion piece after passing through the tail throttle valve, the turbine cavity of the air compressor and the silencer in sequence; the air outlet end of the water dividing piece is communicated with the external atmosphere to exhaust air, and the water outlet end of the water dividing piece is connected with the water supply end of each small-flow atomizing spray head through the water storage tank and the water pump in sequence.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: after the water dividing piece is arranged on the silencer, the temperature of the air passing through the turbine cavity and the silencer is lower, and the water dividing piece is more beneficial to collecting liquid water in the air at a lower temperature. The electric heating fins are of a staggered structure, a small-flow atomizing nozzle is arranged above each fin plate, and the electric heating fins provide additional gasification energy for liquid water; the cooled wet air is heated to the specified temperature of the stack after heat exchange by the intercooler, which is favorable for the performance and durability of the galvanic pile.
Based on the further improvement of the system, the humidifier adopts a square wave type folded linear cavity structure, and further comprises a first humidifying cavity, a second humidifying cavity and a heat supplementing cavity which are communicated in sequence; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the middle parts of the first humidification chamber and the second humidification chamber are respectively of a linear cavity structure with electric heating fins inside, and the first humidification chamber and the second humidification chamber are arranged in bilateral symmetry; in addition, the small-flow atomizing spray heads are uniformly dispersed at the tops of the corresponding electric heating fins at the middle parts of the first humidification chamber and the second humidification chamber;
the heat supplementing cavity adopts a U-shaped structure cavity; an electric heating fin is arranged at the part of the U-shaped structural cavity close to the second humidification cavity, but no small-flow atomizing nozzle exists; a liquid draining cavity is formed below the U-shaped structural cavity, and is provided with a first liquid level sensor and a first drain valve; an air outlet is arranged at the top part of the U-shaped structural cavity far away from the second humidification cavity.
Further, the air side spray humidification system further comprises:
the gas temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet at the front end of the heat supplementing cavity in the humidifier and is used for acquiring the temperature of the wet air and sending the temperature to the humidifying controller;
and the humidification controller is used for receiving the data of the gas temperature sensor, and regulating and controlling the power of the electric heating fins in the heat supplementing cavity according to the difference value between the data of the gas temperature sensor and the temperature of air required by stacking, so as to ensure that the electric heating fins at the position provide enough gasification energy for large liquid drops and liquid water generated by the small-flow atomizing nozzle.
Further, a choke for reducing treatment is arranged at the front end of an air outlet of the heat supplementing cavity in the humidifier, and the size of the choke enables liquid water to collide with a wall at the choke and concentrate in the liquid discharging cavity under the action of gravity; and, in addition, the processing unit,
the humidification controller is also used for monitoring data of a first liquid level sensor arranged in the liquid draining cavity, and when the data exceeds a set value, the first drain valve arranged in the liquid draining cavity is started so that the liquid level in the liquid draining cavity is always set.
Further, the water storage tank is equipped with a water jacket and an electric heating device; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the water jacket is arranged on the inner wall of the water storage tank, water in the water jacket is fuel cell antifreeze fluid and is used for providing a preheating function for the water storage tank through the residual heat of the galvanic pile;
the heating end of the electric heating device is also arranged on the inner wall of the water storage tank and used for being automatically started in a winter running state, and is used as the auxiliary of the water jacket preheating function to heat the ice in the water storage tank together with the water jacket.
Further, the water storage tank is equipped with a second liquid level sensor, a liquid temperature sensor, and a second drain valve; and, in addition, the processing unit,
the second liquid level sensor is arranged in the water storage tank and used for acquiring the liquid level height in the water storage tank;
the liquid temperature sensor is arranged in the water storage tank and used for acquiring the liquid temperature in the water storage tank;
the second drain valve is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank;
the humidifying controller is also used for starting the water jacket and the electric heating device to preheat the water storage tank after receiving a starting instruction of the fuel cell; and monitoring that the data of the liquid temperature sensor reaches a set value in the preheating process, starting a small-flow atomizing nozzle and an electric heating fin in the humidifier, a turbine air compressor, a silencer, a water pump and a tail exhaust throttle valve, and sending an instruction for starting a hydrogen side branch to the fuel cell controller until the fuel cell is successfully started; after receiving a shutdown instruction of the fuel cell, closing a small-flow atomizing nozzle, an electric heating fin and a turbine air compressor in the humidifier, and starting a first drain valve and a second drain valve to drain water; and according to the data of the second liquid level sensor, when only enough water required by starting the fuel cell next time remains in the water storage tank, closing the second drain valve, the silencer, the water pump and the tail throttle valve.
Further, the first drain valve provided in the humidifier chamber is also used for self-starting each time the fuel cell is shut down, so as to drain the liquid water in the humidifier chamber.
Further, the air side spray humidification system further comprises:
the air filter is arranged at the front end of an air inlet of the turbine air compressor;
and the flowmeter is arranged between the air filter and the turbine air compressor and is used for acquiring the gas flow entering the air compressor.
Further, the electric heating fins in the heat supplementing cavity and the electric heating fins in the second humidifying cavity are bilaterally symmetrical; and the starting quantity of the electric heating fins in the first humidifying cavity, the second humidifying cavity and the heat supplementing cavity is independent and adjustable: and, in addition, the processing unit,
the humidifying controller is also used for adjusting the starting quantity of the electric heating fins in the first humidifying cavity, the second humidifying cavity and the heat supplementing cavity, and the starting quantity and the power of the small-flow atomizing spray heads in the first humidifying cavity and the second humidifying cavity according to the output power of the fuel cell in the operation process of the fuel cell, so that the humidity and the temperature of the air entering the stack reach the set range.
Further, when the humidification controller is used in winter, the humidification controller executes the following procedures to complete the regulation function of the humidity of the in-pile air:
after receiving a starting instruction sent by the fuel cell, starting the water jacket and the electric heating device to preheat the water storage tank;
after the liquid temperature in the water storage tank is identified to reach the set temperature by the liquid temperature sensor, a water pump and a small-flow atomizing nozzle are started;
after the first liquid level sensor data in the humidification chamber reach the set water level, sending a command for starting a hydrogen side branch of the fuel cell to the fuel cell controller, and starting an electric heating fin, a turbine air compressor, a silencer, a tail exhaust throttle valve and a first drain valve to ensure that the humidification chamber is always at the set water level until the fuel cell is successfully started;
in the normal operation process of the fuel cell, the power and the starting quantity of the small-flow atomizing nozzle and the electric heating fins in the humidifier are adjusted according to the received output power required by the fuel cell, so that the humidity and the temperature of the air in the stack are always in a preset range in the adjustment process;
after receiving a closing instruction sent by a fuel cell, closing a turbine air compressor, a small-flow atomizing nozzle in a humidifier and an electric heating fin, and starting a first drain valve and a second drain valve to drain water;
after the liquid water in the humidifying cavity is completely discharged according to the identification of the first liquid level sensor, closing a first drain valve;
according to the data of the second liquid level sensor, when only enough water required by starting up the fuel cell is reserved in the water storage tank, closing the second drain valve;
and closing the water pump, the silencer and the tail throttle valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. the humidifier is arranged into a broken line cavity structure, so that the humidifying area is increased. The two front chambers are humidification chambers, and the small-flow atomizing spray heads are uniformly dispersed at the tops of the fins. According to the air flow, the stacking temperature and the stacking humidity requirements, all the spray heads can be selected to work simultaneously and have the same flow, and the mode of partial spray heads working (partial spray heads do not work) can also be selected, so that the control mode is flexible and changeable. The humidifying controller judges the temperature difference between the wet air and the stacking demand, and precisely controls the power of the electric heating fins in the heat supplementing cavity, so that the energy is controllable. When the heat supplement quantity of the electric heating fin is insufficient or the spray of the spray head is excessive (namely, when the control fails), the cut-off port is subjected to diameter reduction treatment, so that liquid water collides with the wall of the cut-off port and is concentrated in the liquid discharge cavity under the action of gravity. A liquid level sensor is arranged in the liquid draining cavity, the drain valve is controlled to be opened in time, and excessive liquid water is drained.
2. The water storage tank is provided with a drain valve, a water jacket, an electric heating device, a temperature sensor and a liquid level sensor, and can accurately provide a water source with set temperature for the small-flow atomizing nozzle.
3. After the drain valve drains, part of liquid water is reserved in the water storage tank, so that preparation is made for the next starting. After the water storage tank is shut down, a small amount of liquid water in the water storage tank is easily melted by the water jacket and the electric heating device, so that wet air is provided for startup.
4. The integration level is high, and the mass production and the maintenance are easy. The electric heating fins have large heat exchange area, which is beneficial to the change of water mist into gaseous water and the humidification of air.
The summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the invention, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a fin-based assisted humidification air side spray humidification system of example 1;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a fin-based assisted humidification air side spray humidification system of example 2;
fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the structure of the humidifier of embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The term "comprising" and variations thereof as used herein means open ended, i.e., "including but not limited to. The term "or" means "and/or" unless specifically stated otherwise. The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment. The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like, may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
The abbreviations and definitions to which the present invention relates are first described below.
A fuel cell system: the energy conversion device is provided with a galvanic pile and an auxiliary subsystem, wherein in the energy conversion process, a membrane electrode of a core component in the galvanic pile directly converts chemical energy of oxygen and fuel into electric energy, reaction products comprise water and waste heat, the water and the waste heat are discharged to the outside of the galvanic pile through a runner and heat exchange, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to a whole vehicle motor through DC-DC.
Spray humidification: and a stable water pressure is established by utilizing the water pump, and fine water mist is sprayed by the spray head, so that the passing dry air is humidified.
Fin assisted humidification: part of the water mist is sprayed onto the electric heating fins, and the electric heating droplets are changed into gaseous water, so that air is humidified.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention discloses an air side spray humidification system based on fin auxiliary humidification, which is suitable for scenes with high requirements on integration level and miniaturization such as vehicle-mounted and the like, as shown in fig. 1, a pile, an intercooler, a turbine air compressor, a humidifier, a silencer, a water pump, a water storage tank, a water diversion piece and a tail exhaust throttle valve.
The humidifier comprises a humidifier body, wherein a humidifying cavity in the humidifier body is provided with a plurality of electric heating fins which are arranged in a staggered mode, and a small-flow atomizing nozzle (also called a small-flow fine atomizing nozzle) with controllable working state is arranged above each electric heating fin, so that the electric heating fins can provide extra energy for large liquid drops and liquid water generated by the small-flow atomizing nozzle to gasify.
The air inlet of the electric pile is connected with the pinch roller cavity output end of the turbine air compressor after passing through the intercooler and the humidifier in sequence, and the air tail gas outlet is connected with the input end of the water diversion piece after passing through the tail exhaust throttle valve, the turbine cavity of the air compressor and the silencer in sequence. The air outlet end of the water dividing piece is communicated with the external atmosphere to exhaust air, and the water outlet end of the water dividing piece is connected with the water supply end of each small-flow atomizing spray head through the water storage tank and the water pump in sequence.
The liquid water in the water storage tank mainly comes from the water generated by the electric pile.
When the humidifier is implemented, the problems of insufficient water source and water mist phase change are solved by arranging the water storage tank and the electric heating fins in the humidifier. The temperature of the air after the muffler is lower, so that the water separator separates more liquid water. The heat exchange area of the electric heating fin is larger, which is favorable for changing the water mist phase into gaseous water and humidifying air.
Compared with the prior art, the air side spray humidification system based on fin auxiliary humidification is provided, and after the water diversion piece is arranged on the silencer, the temperature of air passing through the turbine cavity and the silencer is lower, so that liquid water in the air at a lower temperature can be collected more conveniently. The electric heating fins are of a staggered structure, a small-flow atomizing nozzle is arranged above each fin plate, and the electric heating fins provide additional gasification energy for liquid water. The cooled wet air is heated to the specified temperature of the stack after heat exchange by the intercooler, which is favorable for the performance and durability of the galvanic pile.
Example 2
The modification is made on the basis of embodiment 1, and for miniaturization and high integration, the humidifier adopts an electrothermal fin structure as shown in fig. 3 in a limited space. Specifically, the humidifier adopts a square wave type folded linear cavity structure, and further comprises a first humidifying cavity, a second humidifying cavity and a heat supplementing cavity which are sequentially communicated.
The middle parts (main bodies) of the first humidification chamber and the second humidification chamber are respectively of a linear cavity structure with electric heating fins inside, and the first humidification chamber and the second humidification chamber are arranged in bilateral symmetry; and in the middle parts of the first humidification chamber and the second humidification chamber, the small-flow atomizing spray heads are uniformly dispersed at the tops of the corresponding electric heating fins.
The heat supplementing cavity adopts a U-shaped structural cavity. An electric heating fin is arranged at the part of the U-shaped structural cavity close to the second humidification cavity, but no small-flow atomizing nozzle exists. A liquid discharge chamber is formed below the U-shaped structural chamber, the liquid discharge chamber being equipped with a first liquid level sensor and a first drain valve. An air outlet is arranged at the top part of the U-shaped structural cavity far away from the second humidification cavity.
According to the air flow, the stacking temperature and the stacking humidity requirements, all the small-flow atomizing spray heads can be selected to work simultaneously and have the same flow, and the mode of partial spray heads working (partial spray heads do not work) can also be selected, so that the control mode is flexible and changeable.
Preferably, the air side spray humidification system further comprises a gas temperature sensor, a humidification controller.
The gas temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet at the front end of the heat supplementing cavity in the humidifier and is used for acquiring the temperature of the wet air and sending the temperature to the humidifying controller.
The humidifying controller is used for receiving the data of the gas temperature sensor, and regulating and controlling the power of the electric heating fins in the heat supplementing cavity according to the difference value between the data of the gas temperature sensor and the temperature of air required by stacking (the power of the electric heating fins in the heat supplementing cavity can be obtained through the artificial neural network), so that the electric heating fins at the position can provide enough gasification energy for large liquid drops and liquid water generated by the small-flow atomizing nozzle.
The power of the electric heating fins in the heat supplementing cavity is accurately controlled by the humidifying controller, so that the energy is controllable.
Preferably, a choke for reducing the diameter is arranged at the front end of the air outlet of the heat supplementing cavity in the humidifier, and the choke is sized so that liquid water collides with the wall at the choke and is concentrated in the liquid discharging cavity under the action of gravity. When the electric heating fin is insufficient in heat supplement or the spray head is excessively sprayed with water (namely, when control fails), the cut-off port is subjected to diameter reduction treatment, so that liquid water collides with the wall of the cut-off port and is concentrated in the liquid discharge cavity under the action of gravity, and the liquid water does not enter the pile.
The humidification controller is also used for monitoring data of a first liquid level sensor arranged in the liquid discharge cavity, and when the data exceeds a set value, the first drain valve arranged in the liquid discharge cavity is started so as to enable the liquid discharge cavity to be always at the set liquid level and discharge excessive liquid water.
Preferably, the water storage tank is equipped with a water jacket and an electric heating device to prevent ice formation.
The water jacket is arranged on the inner wall of the water storage tank, water in the water jacket is fuel cell antifreeze, and the heat of the antifreeze is used for providing a preheating function for the water storage tank through the residual heat of the electric pile.
The electric heating device is an auxiliary heating device, the heating end of the electric heating device is also arranged on the inner wall of the water storage tank and is used for being automatically started in a winter running state, the electric heating device is used as the auxiliary of a water jacket preheating function, and is used for heating ice in the water storage tank together with the water jacket to provide a certain amount of wet air for the electric pile when the electric pile is started.
Preferably, the water storage tank is further equipped with a second liquid level sensor, a liquid temperature sensor and a second drain valve.
The second liquid level sensor is arranged in the water storage tank and used for acquiring the liquid level height in the water storage tank.
The liquid temperature sensor is arranged in the water storage tank and is used for acquiring the temperature (water temperature) of the liquid in the water storage tank.
The bottom of the water storage tank is provided with a second drain valve. When the fuel cell engine is shut down (the fuel cell is shut down), the drain valve is opened, a certain amount of water is drained, and enough water is reserved for the next start-up, as shown in fig. 2.
The humidifying controller is also used for starting the water jacket and the electric heating device to preheat the water storage tank after receiving a starting instruction of the fuel cell; and monitoring that the data of the liquid temperature sensor reaches a set value in the preheating process, starting a small-flow atomizing nozzle and an electric heating fin in the humidifier, a turbine air compressor, a silencer, a water pump and a tail exhaust throttle valve (namely, starting an empty side branch of the fuel cell), and sending an instruction for starting a hydrogen side branch of the fuel cell to a fuel cell controller until the fuel cell is successfully started; after receiving a shutdown instruction of the fuel cell, closing a small-flow atomizing nozzle, an electric heating fin and a turbine air compressor in the humidifier, and starting a first drain valve and a second drain valve to drain water; and closing the second drain valve, the muffler, the water pump and the tail throttle valve (fuel cell closing) when the water storage tank is identified to only retain enough water required for starting the fuel cell according to the second liquid level sensor data.
The input end of the humidification controller is connected with the output ends of the first liquid level sensor, the second liquid level sensor, the liquid temperature sensor and the gas temperature sensor, and the output end of the humidification controller is connected with the control ends of the tail exhaust throttle valve, the water jacket, the electric heating device, the intercooler, the small-flow atomizing nozzle, the turbine air compressor, the silencer, the first drain valve and the second drain valve.
Preferably, one side of the water storage tank is provided with a first water filling port, the water filling port is connected with the water draining end of the water distributing piece, the other side of the water storage tank is provided with a second water filling port for being connected with an external water source, the bottom of the water storage tank is provided with a water draining port for being connected with a second water draining valve, and a liquid pipeline with one end part positioned at the bottom of the water storage tank is arranged in the water storage tank. The other end of the liquid pipeline extends out of the water storage tank and is connected with the liquid inlet of the humidifying cavity through the water pump and the water purifying filter.
Preferably, the first drain valve provided in the humidifier chamber is also adapted to be self-activated each time the fuel cell is shut down to drain the humidifier chamber of liquid water.
Preferably, the air side spray humidification system further comprises an air filter, a flowmeter, a water purification filter.
The air filter is arranged at the front end of an air inlet of the turbine air compressor and is used for filtering impurities and bacteria in air, and replaceable parts are adopted.
And the flowmeter is arranged between the air filter and the turbine air compressor and is used for acquiring the gas flow entering the air compressor.
The water purifying filter is arranged between the water pump and the humidifier.
Preferably, the electric heating fins in the heat supplementing cavity and the electric heating fins in the second humidifying cavity are bilaterally symmetrical. And the starting quantity of the electric heating fins in the first humidifying cavity, the second humidifying cavity and the heat supplementing cavity is independent and adjustable.
Preferably, the humidification controller is further used for adjusting the starting quantity of the electric heating fins in the first humidification chamber, the second humidification chamber and the heat supplementing chamber, and the starting quantity and the power of the small-flow atomizing spray heads (obtained through an artificial neural network) in the first humidification chamber and the second humidification chamber according to the output power of the fuel cell in the operation process of the fuel cell, so that the humidity and the temperature of the air entering the stack reach the set range.
Preferably, the turbine air compressor, the water storage tank, the intercooler, the humidifier, the tail exhaust throttle valve, the silencer, the water dividing piece, the water pump, the water purifying filter, the first drain valve and the second drain valve are integrated into a whole, only the waterway and the air path external connection interface are reserved, and the novel vehicle-mounted fuel cell engine is suitable for various vehicle-mounted fuel cell engines.
Preferably, when used in winter, the humidification controller performs the following procedure to accomplish the in-stack air humidity regulation function:
s1, after receiving a starting instruction sent by a fuel cell, starting a water jacket and an electric heating device to preheat a water storage tank;
s2, after the liquid temperature in the water storage tank is identified to reach the set temperature through the liquid temperature sensor, starting a water pump and a small-flow atomizing nozzle;
s3, after the first liquid level sensor data in the humidification chamber reach the set water level, sending a command for starting a hydrogen side branch of the fuel cell to the fuel cell controller, and starting an electric heating fin, a turbine air compressor, a silencer, a tail exhaust throttle valve and a first drain valve, so that the humidification chamber is always at the set water level until the fuel cell is successfully started;
s4, in the normal operation process of the fuel cell, the power and the starting quantity of the small-flow atomizing nozzle and the electric heating fins in the humidifier are adjusted according to the received power output by the fuel cell, so that the humidity and the temperature of the piled air are always in a preset range in the adjustment process;
s5, after receiving a closing instruction sent by the fuel cell, closing a turbine air compressor, a small-flow atomizing nozzle in a humidifier and an electric heating fin, and starting a first drainage valve and a second drainage valve to drain water;
s6, after the liquid water in the humidifying cavity is completely discharged according to the identification of the first liquid level sensor, closing a first drain valve;
s7, according to the data of the second liquid level sensor, when only enough water required by starting the fuel cell next time remains in the water storage tank, closing the second drain valve;
s8, closing the water pump, the silencer and the tail exhaust throttle valve.
Compared with the prior art, the air side spray humidification system based on fin auxiliary humidification has the following beneficial effects:
1. the humidifier is arranged into a broken line cavity structure, so that the humidifying area is increased. The two front chambers are humidification chambers, and the small-flow atomizing spray heads are uniformly dispersed at the tops of the fins. According to the air flow, the stacking temperature and the stacking humidity requirements, all the spray heads can be selected to work simultaneously and have the same flow, and the mode of partial spray heads working (partial spray heads do not work) can also be selected, so that the control mode is flexible and changeable. The humidifying controller judges the temperature difference between the wet air and the stacking demand, and precisely controls the power of the electric heating fins in the heat supplementing cavity, so that the energy is controllable. When the heat supplement quantity of the electric heating fin is insufficient or the spray of the spray head is excessive (namely, when the control fails), the cut-off port is subjected to diameter reduction treatment, so that liquid water collides with the wall of the cut-off port and is concentrated in the liquid discharge cavity under the action of gravity. A liquid level sensor is arranged in the liquid draining cavity, the drain valve is controlled to be opened in time, and excessive liquid water is drained.
2. The water storage tank is provided with a drain valve, a water jacket, an electric heating device, a temperature sensor and a liquid level sensor, and can accurately provide a water source with set temperature for the small-flow atomizing nozzle.
3. After the drain valve drains, part of liquid water is reserved in the water storage tank, so that preparation is made for the next starting. After the water storage tank is shut down, a small amount of liquid water in the water storage tank is easily melted by the water jacket and the electric heating device, so that wet air is provided for startup.
4. The integration level is high, and the mass production and the maintenance are easy. The electric heating fins have large heat exchange area, which is beneficial to the change of water mist into gaseous water and the humidification of air.
The foregoing description of embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or the improvement of the prior art, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The air side spray humidification system based on fin assisted humidification is characterized by comprising a galvanic pile, an intercooler, a turbine air compressor, a humidifier, a silencer, a water pump, a water storage tank, a water diversion piece and a tail exhaust throttle valve; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the humidifying cavity in the humidifier is provided with a plurality of electric heating fins which are arranged in a staggered mode, and a small-flow atomizing nozzle with controllable working state is arranged above each electric heating fin, so that the electric heating fins provide additional energy for large liquid drops and liquid water generated by the small-flow atomizing nozzle to gasify;
the air inlet of the electric pile is connected with the pinch roller cavity output end of the turbine air compressor after passing through the intercooler and the humidifier in sequence, and the air tail gas outlet of the electric pile is connected with the input end of the water diversion piece after passing through the tail throttle valve, the turbine cavity of the air compressor and the silencer in sequence; the air outlet end of the water dividing piece is communicated with the external atmosphere to exhaust air, and the water outlet end of the water dividing piece is connected with the water supply end of each small-flow atomizing spray head through the water storage tank and the water pump in sequence.
2. The fin-assisted humidification-based air-side spray humidification system of claim 1, wherein the humidifier adopts a square wave type folded linear cavity structure, and further comprises a first humidification cavity, a second humidification cavity and a heat supplementing cavity which are communicated in sequence; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the middle parts of the first humidification chamber and the second humidification chamber are respectively of a linear cavity structure with electric heating fins inside, and the first humidification chamber and the second humidification chamber are arranged in bilateral symmetry; in addition, the small-flow atomizing spray heads are uniformly dispersed at the tops of the corresponding electric heating fins at the middle parts of the first humidification chamber and the second humidification chamber;
the heat supplementing cavity adopts a U-shaped structure cavity; an electric heating fin is arranged at the part of the U-shaped structural cavity close to the second humidification cavity, but no small-flow atomizing nozzle exists; a liquid draining cavity is formed below the U-shaped structural cavity, and is provided with a first liquid level sensor and a first drain valve; an air outlet is arranged at the top part of the U-shaped structural cavity far away from the second humidification cavity.
3. The fin-assisted humidification-based air-side spray humidification system of claim 2, further comprising:
the gas temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet at the front end of the heat supplementing cavity in the humidifier and is used for acquiring the temperature of the wet air and sending the temperature to the humidifying controller;
and the humidification controller is used for receiving the data of the gas temperature sensor, and regulating and controlling the power of the electric heating fins in the heat supplementing cavity according to the difference value between the data of the gas temperature sensor and the temperature of air required by stacking, so as to ensure that the electric heating fins at the position provide enough gasification energy for large liquid drops and liquid water generated by the small-flow atomizing nozzle.
4. A fin-assisted humidification-based air side spray humidification system according to claim 3, wherein a reduced diameter choke is provided at the front end of the air outlet of the heat supplementing chamber inside the humidifier, the choke being sized such that liquid water hits the wall at the choke and concentrates in the liquid discharge chamber under the action of gravity; and, in addition, the processing unit,
the humidification controller is also used for monitoring data of a first liquid level sensor arranged in the liquid draining cavity, and when the data exceeds a set value, the first drain valve arranged in the liquid draining cavity is started so that the liquid level in the liquid draining cavity is always set.
5. The fin-assisted humidification-based air-side spray humidification system of claim 4, wherein the water reservoir is equipped with a water jacket and an electrical heating device; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the water jacket is arranged on the inner wall of the water storage tank, water in the water jacket is fuel cell antifreeze fluid and is used for providing a preheating function for the water storage tank through the residual heat of the galvanic pile;
the heating end of the electric heating device is also arranged on the inner wall of the water storage tank and used for being automatically started in a winter running state, and is used as the auxiliary of the water jacket preheating function to heat the ice in the water storage tank together with the water jacket.
6. The fin-assisted humidification-based air-side spray humidification system of claim 5, wherein the water storage tank is further equipped with a second liquid level sensor, a liquid temperature sensor, and a second drain valve; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the second liquid level sensor is arranged in the water storage tank and used for acquiring the liquid level height in the water storage tank;
the liquid temperature sensor is arranged in the water storage tank and used for acquiring the liquid temperature in the water storage tank;
the second drain valve is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank;
the humidifying controller is also used for starting the water jacket and the electric heating device to preheat the water storage tank after receiving a starting instruction of the fuel cell; and monitoring that the data of the liquid temperature sensor reaches a set value in the preheating process, starting a small-flow atomizing nozzle and an electric heating fin in the humidifier, a turbine air compressor, a silencer, a water pump and a tail exhaust throttle valve, and sending an instruction for starting a hydrogen side branch to the fuel cell controller until the fuel cell is successfully started; after receiving a shutdown instruction of the fuel cell, closing a small-flow atomizing nozzle, an electric heating fin and a turbine air compressor in the humidifier, and starting a first drain valve and a second drain valve to drain water; and according to the data of the second liquid level sensor, when only enough water required by starting the fuel cell next time remains in the water storage tank, closing the second drain valve, the silencer, the water pump and the tail throttle valve.
7. The fin-assisted humidification-based air side spray humidification system of claim 6, wherein the humidification chamber is provided with a first drain valve that is also adapted to self-activate each time the fuel cell is shut down to drain liquid water from the humidification chamber.
8. The fin-assisted humidification-based air-side spray humidification system of any one of claims 1-7, further comprising:
the air filter is arranged at the front end of an air inlet of the turbine air compressor;
and the flowmeter is arranged between the air filter and the turbine air compressor and is used for acquiring the gas flow entering the air compressor.
9. The fin-assisted humidification-based air-side spray humidification system of claim 8, wherein the electrothermal fins in the supplemental heat chamber are bilaterally symmetric to the electrothermal fins in the second humidification chamber; and the starting quantity of the electric heating fins in the first humidifying cavity, the second humidifying cavity and the heat supplementing cavity is independent and adjustable: and, in addition, the processing unit,
the humidifying controller is also used for adjusting the starting quantity of the electric heating fins in the first humidifying cavity, the second humidifying cavity and the heat supplementing cavity, and the starting quantity and the power of the small-flow atomizing spray heads in the first humidifying cavity and the second humidifying cavity according to the output power of the fuel cell in the operation process of the fuel cell, so that the humidity and the temperature of the air entering the stack reach the set range.
10. The fin-assisted humidification-based air side spray humidification system of claim 7, wherein the humidification controller performs the following procedure to accomplish a stacked air humidity conditioning function when used in winter:
after receiving a starting instruction sent by the fuel cell, starting the water jacket and the electric heating device to preheat the water storage tank;
after the liquid temperature in the water storage tank is identified to reach the set temperature by the liquid temperature sensor, a water pump and a small-flow atomizing nozzle are started;
after the first liquid level sensor data in the humidification chamber reach the set water level, sending a command for starting a hydrogen side branch of the fuel cell to the fuel cell controller, and starting an electric heating fin, a turbine air compressor, a silencer, a tail exhaust throttle valve and a first drain valve to ensure that the humidification chamber is always at the set water level until the fuel cell is successfully started;
in the normal operation process of the fuel cell, the power and the starting quantity of the small-flow atomizing nozzle and the electric heating fins in the humidifier are adjusted according to the received output power required by the fuel cell, so that the humidity and the temperature of the air in the stack are always in a preset range in the adjustment process;
after receiving a closing instruction sent by a fuel cell, closing a turbine air compressor, a small-flow atomizing nozzle in a humidifier and an electric heating fin, and starting a first drain valve and a second drain valve to drain water;
after the liquid water in the humidifying cavity is completely discharged according to the identification of the first liquid level sensor, closing a first drain valve;
according to the data of the second liquid level sensor, when only enough water required by starting up the fuel cell is reserved in the water storage tank, closing the second drain valve;
and closing the water pump, the silencer and the tail throttle valve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310766920.3A CN116779910A (en) | 2023-06-27 | 2023-06-27 | Air side spraying humidification system based on fin auxiliary humidification |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310766920.3A CN116779910A (en) | 2023-06-27 | 2023-06-27 | Air side spraying humidification system based on fin auxiliary humidification |
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| CN202310766920.3A Pending CN116779910A (en) | 2023-06-27 | 2023-06-27 | Air side spraying humidification system based on fin auxiliary humidification |
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