CN115295832A - Fuel cell humidification system, control method and vehicle - Google Patents
Fuel cell humidification system, control method and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115295832A CN115295832A CN202210791996.7A CN202210791996A CN115295832A CN 115295832 A CN115295832 A CN 115295832A CN 202210791996 A CN202210791996 A CN 202210791996A CN 115295832 A CN115295832 A CN 115295832A
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- intercooler
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell humidification system, a control method and a vehicle; the fuel cell comprises an electric pile, the electric pile comprises an air side inlet and an air side outlet, and the humidifying system comprises an air compressor, an intercooler and a water separator; the air compressor is communicated with the air side inlet through an intercooler; the water separator comprises an inlet and a liquid water outlet; the air side outlet, the inlet of the water separator, the liquid water outlet and the intercooler are sequentially communicated, and the intercooler humidifies air passing through the intercooler through liquid water separated by the water separator; according to the invention, the water vapor after reaction is separated through the water separator, and the air entering the reactor is humidified by using the separated liquid water, so that the reaction water can be recycled, meanwhile, a humidifier is not required for humidification, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the structure is simple, the volume is smaller, the control process is simpler, and the stable humidity output during cold start can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell humidification system, a control method and a vehicle.
Background
The proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell can obtain good working performance under proper humid conditions, and the air and hydrogen inlet air of the fuel cell need to be humidified to prevent the dehydration of the proton exchange membrane in the operation process from reducing the performance and prolonging the service life.
At present, a fuel cell system is generally matched with a humidifier to solve the humidification problem, the humidifiers which are applied more at present are a permeable membrane humidifier and a hollow fiber tube humidifier, and the humidification quantity of the wet membrane humidifier is generally changed by adjusting the gas flow, the size and the thickness of a wet membrane and the water temperature.
Disadvantages of humidifiers in system applications:
1. the humidifier has larger volume and weight, and reduces the volume power density and the mass power density of the system.
2. If the humidification effect is controlled stably, a bypass path needs to be added or the temperature before and after the humidifier needs to be adjusted, so that the complexity and the control difficulty of the system are increased;
3. the humidifier is passively humidified, so that air is wet in a purging process, and purging time and difficulty in a cold starting process are influenced;
4. leakage can occur along with the EOL state (after the permeable membrane fails or has a service life limit) of the humidifier in the operation process of part of the humidifier, so that the flow rate of the fuel cell stack is reduced, and the performance and the stability of the fuel cell stack are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provided are a fuel cell humidification system, a control method and a vehicle for humidifying intake air by using tail water.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a first technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
a fuel cell humidification system, the fuel cell includes the galvanic pile, the said galvanic pile includes air side inlet and air side outlet, the said humidification system includes air compressor, intercooler and water knockout drum;
the air compressor is communicated with the air side inlet through an intercooler;
the water separator comprises an inlet and a liquid water outlet;
the air side outlet, the water distributor inlet, the liquid water outlet and the intercooler are sequentially communicated, and the intercooler humidifies air passing through the inside of the intercooler through liquid water separated by the water distributor.
Preferably, a spraying and humidifying device is arranged in the intercooler;
the spraying and humidifying device is communicated with the liquid water outlet of the water separator.
Preferably, a water storage tank is further arranged between the spraying and humidifying device and the liquid water outlet of the water separator.
Preferably, the fuel cell further comprises a tail bank;
the humidifying system also comprises a three-way valve which is respectively communicated with the liquid water outlet, the water storage tank and the tail exhaust.
Preferably, the water separator further comprises a gas outlet;
the humidifying system also comprises an expander, and the expander and the air compressor are coaxially arranged; the gas outlet is in communication with an expander.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
the control method of the fuel cell humidification system comprises the following steps
The fuel cell sends a humidification command;
detecting or calculating the humidity A1 of the target current point, and judging whether the humidity A1 is less than A set And if not, continuously executing according to the existing command, if so, adjusting the opening a of the three-way valve according to the moisture increasing amount delta A, changing the liquid water amount b entering the spray humidification device, and then re-executing the step until the target humidity required by the humidification command sent by the fuel cell is met.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the third technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
a vehicle comprises the fuel cell humidification system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the water vapor after reaction is separated by the water separator, and the air entering the reactor is humidified by using the separated liquid water, so that the reaction water can be recycled, meanwhile, a humidifier is not needed for humidification, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the structure is simple, the volume is smaller, the service life is longer, the stability is higher, the control process is simpler, and the stable humidity output during cold start can be realized; spraying water is discharged from the reactor, and the temperature requirement of reactor air is not easily influenced when humidification is carried out; and the in-pile waste water is utilized, liquid discharge is reduced in the whole vehicle running process, and compared with the whole vehicle or tail discharge in running, the tail discharge water spraying device always sprays water, so that the customer experience is good.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of a fuel cell humidification system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of a humidification system of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of the reference symbols: 1. a galvanic pile; 2. an air side inlet; 3. an air side outlet; 4. an air compressor; 5. an intercooler; 6. a water separator; 7. a spray humidifying device; 8. a water storage tank; 9. tail row; 10. a three-way valve; 11. an expander;
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a fuel cell humidification system includes a stack 1, the stack 1 includes an air side inlet 2 and an air side outlet 3, and the humidification system includes an air compressor 4, an intercooler 5 and a water separator 6;
the air compressor 4 is communicated with the air side inlet 2 through an intercooler 5;
the water separator 6 comprises an inlet and a liquid water outlet;
the air side outlet 3, the inlet of the water separator 6, the liquid water outlet and the intercooler 5 are sequentially communicated, and the intercooler 5 humidifies air passing through the intercooler 5 through liquid water separated by the water separator 6.
Has the beneficial effects that: the water vapor after reaction is separated by the water separator 6, and the air entering the reactor is humidified by using the separated liquid water, so that the reaction water can be recycled, meanwhile, a humidifier is not needed for humidification, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the structure is simple, the volume is smaller, the service life is longer, the stability is higher, the control process is simpler, and the stable humidity output during cold start can be realized; spraying water is discharged from the reactor, and the temperature requirement of the air entering the reactor is not easily influenced when humidification is carried out; and utilized interior waste water, reduced liquid and got rid of in the whole car operation process, compared whole car or tail 9 of arranging always water spray in the operation, customer experience is good.
Further, a spraying and humidifying device 7 is arranged in the intercooler 5;
the spraying and humidifying device 7 is communicated with a liquid water outlet of the water separator 6.
It can be known from the above description that the spraying and humidifying device 7 is centralized in the intercooler 5, and the structure has high reliability, compact structure, small occupied space and good system integration.
Further, a water storage tank 8 is arranged between the spraying and humidifying device 7 and the liquid water outlet of the water separator 6.
From the above description, through the setting of storage water tank 8, can guarantee that the water yield that provides for spray set is a comparatively stable state, avoids the direct water supply of moisture ware to lead to the fact the output to fluctuate, and then influences the humidification effect.
Further, the fuel cell also comprises a tail bank 9;
the humidifying system further comprises a three-way valve 10, and the three-way valve 10 is respectively communicated with the liquid water outlet, the water storage tank 8 and the tail exhaust 9.
As can be seen from the above description, the three-way valve 10 is respectively communicated with the liquid water outlet, the water storage tank 8 and the tail drain 9, so that sufficient water supply of the water storage tank 8 can be ensured, and simultaneously, redundant water is discharged through the tail drain 9; the humidifying capacity is controllable, and the over-wet condition can not occur.
Further, the water separator 6 further comprises a gas outlet;
the humidifying system further comprises an expander 11, and the expander 11 and the air compressor 4 are coaxially arranged; the gas outlet is in communication with the expander 11.
As can be seen from the above description, the expander 11 can apply the low humidity and high pressure gas subjected to water diversion to the expander 11, so as to further drive the air compressor 4, thereby forming a structure similar to an exhaust turbine of an automobile, or another exhaust turbine, and further utilizing energy.
The control method of the fuel cell humidification system comprises the steps of
The fuel cell sends a humidification command;
detecting or calculating the humidity A1 of the target current point, and judging whether the humidity A1 is less than A set If not, the operation is continuously executed according to the existing command, if so, the opening a of the three-way valve is adjusted according to the moisture increasing amount delta A, and the liquid water amount b entering the spraying and humidifying device is changed; detecting or calculating the humidity A1 'of the target current point, and judging whether the humidity A1' is less than A set If not, continuously executing according to the existing command, if so, adjusting the opening a ' of the three-way valve according to the moisture increasing amount delta A ', and changing the amount b ' of liquid water entering the spraying and humidifying device;
this step is re-executed until the target humidity required for the humidification command sent by the fuel cell is satisfied.
Example one
A fuel cell humidification system, the fuel cell includes the galvanic pile, the said galvanic pile includes air side entrance and air side exit, the said humidification system includes air compressor, intercooler and water knockout drum;
the air compressor is communicated with the air side inlet through an intercooler;
the water separator comprises an inlet and a liquid water outlet;
the air side outlet, the water distributor inlet, the liquid water outlet and the intercooler are sequentially communicated, and the intercooler humidifies air passing through the intercooler through liquid water separated by the water distributor.
A spraying and humidifying device is arranged in the intercooler;
the spraying and humidifying device is communicated with the liquid water outlet of the water separator.
And a water storage tank is also arranged between the spraying and humidifying device and the liquid water outlet of the water separator.
The fuel cell further includes a tail bank;
the humidifying system also comprises a three-way valve which is respectively communicated with the liquid water outlet, the water storage tank and the tail exhaust.
The water separator further comprises a gas outlet;
the humidifying system also comprises an expander, and the expander and the air compressor are coaxially arranged; the gas outlet is in communication with an expander.
Example two
A method of controlling a humidification system for a fuel cell of the first embodiment, comprising
The fuel cell sends a humidification command;
detecting or calculating the humidity A1 of the target current point, and judging whether the humidity A1 is less than A set If not, the operation is continuously executed according to the existing command, if so, the opening a of the three-way valve is adjusted according to the moisture increasing amount delta A, and the liquid water amount b entering the spraying and humidifying device is changed; detecting or calculating the humidity A1 'of the target current point, and judging whether the humidity A1' is less than A set If not, continuously executing according to the existing command, if so, adjusting the opening a ' of the three-way valve according to the moisture increasing amount delta A ', and changing the amount b ' of liquid water entering the spraying and humidifying device; (analogize with the same)
This step is re-executed until the target humidity required for the humidification command sent by the fuel cell is satisfied.
EXAMPLE III
A vehicle comprising the fuel cell humidification system of embodiment one.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A fuel cell humidification system, the fuel cell includes the galvanic pile, the said galvanic pile includes air side inlet and air side outlet, characterized by, the said humidification system includes air compressor, intercooler and water knockout drum;
the air compressor is communicated with the air side inlet through an intercooler;
the water separator comprises an inlet and a liquid water outlet;
the air side outlet, the water distributor inlet, the liquid water outlet and the intercooler are sequentially communicated, and the intercooler humidifies air passing through the intercooler through liquid water separated by the water distributor.
2. The fuel cell humidification system of claim 1, wherein a spray humidification device is disposed within the intercooler;
the spraying and humidifying device is communicated with the liquid water outlet of the water separator.
3. The fuel cell humidification system of claim 2, wherein a water storage tank is further disposed between the spray humidification device and the water separator liquid water outlet.
4. The fuel cell humidification system of claim 3, wherein the fuel cell further comprises a tail bank;
the humidifying system also comprises a three-way valve which is respectively communicated with the liquid water outlet, the water storage tank and the tail exhaust.
5. The fuel cell humidification system of claim 1, wherein the water trap further comprises a gas outlet;
the humidifying system also comprises an expander, and the expander and the air compressor are coaxially arranged; the gas outlet is in communication with an expander.
6. A control method of the fuel cell humidification system of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising
The fuel cell sends a humidification command;
detecting or calculating the humidity A1 of the target current point, and judging whether the humidity A1 is less than A set And if not, continuously executing according to the existing command, if so, adjusting the opening a of the three-way valve according to the moisture increasing amount delta A, changing the liquid water amount b entering the spray humidification device, and then re-executing the step until the target humidity required by the humidification command sent by the fuel cell is met.
7. A vehicle characterized by comprising the fuel cell humidification system of any one of claims 1 to 5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210791996.7A CN115295832A (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Fuel cell humidification system, control method and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210791996.7A CN115295832A (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Fuel cell humidification system, control method and vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115295832A true CN115295832A (en) | 2022-11-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210791996.7A Pending CN115295832A (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Fuel cell humidification system, control method and vehicle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116053520A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-05-02 | 深圳市氢蓝时代动力科技有限公司 | Cathode system, cathode control method thereof and fuel cell |
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2022
- 2022-07-07 CN CN202210791996.7A patent/CN115295832A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116053520A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-05-02 | 深圳市氢蓝时代动力科技有限公司 | Cathode system, cathode control method thereof and fuel cell |
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