CN116777123A - Method for evaluating engineering quantity and engineering cost of assembled building based on BIM - Google Patents
Method for evaluating engineering quantity and engineering cost of assembled building based on BIM Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of building design, in particular to a method for evaluating engineering quantity and engineering cost of an assembled building based on BIM, which comprises the following steps: s1, forming a model database; s2, extracting a BIM model block in the target building model, and classifying by using a classification standard; s3, aiming at each extracted BIM model block, searching a matching object in a model database according to the belonging classification; s4, determining BIM model blocks with the largest overlapping edge number with the extracted BIM model blocks, and further determining the BIM model blocks with the largest overlapping edge length, namely, a matching object; and S5, evaluating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block according to the matching object. The method can rapidly determine the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the building design, can effectively reduce the extra workload of a designer, and is beneficial to further improving the efficiency of the building design work.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of building design, in particular to an evaluation method of engineering quantity and engineering cost of an assembled building based on BIM.
Background
In the conventional building design work, if the construction amount and construction cost of the building are to be evaluated, the required work amount is very large, and the occupation of empirical conclusion is relatively large. At present, the building design method based on the BIM model is widely applied, and how to quickly determine the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the building design, and meanwhile, the workload of a designer is not additionally burdened, so that the method becomes a problem to be solved in the industry.
In view of this, the present application has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method for evaluating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of an assembled building based on BIM, which can rapidly determine the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of a building design and effectively reduce the extra workload of a designer, thereby promoting the designer to concentrate more efforts on the design work per se and being beneficial to further improving the efficiency of the building design work.
The application is realized in the following way:
the method for evaluating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the assembled building based on the BIM comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a classification standard for BIM model blocks, classifying the existing BIM model blocks according to the classification standard, and marking the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the existing BIM model blocks to form a model database;
s2, extracting BIM model blocks in the target building model, and classifying the extracted BIM model blocks according to classification standards;
s3, aiming at each extracted BIM model block, searching a matching object for the extracted BIM model block in the same classification according to the classification of the BIM model block in a model database;
s4, determining BIM model blocks with the largest overlapping edge number with the extracted BIM model blocks in the same classification, and further determining the BIM model blocks with the largest overlapping edge length on the basis, wherein the BIM model blocks are the matching objects of the extracted BIM model blocks;
s5, predicting the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block according to the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the matched object, and taking the predicted engineering quantity and the predicted engineering cost as the calculation basis of the total engineering quantity and the total engineering cost of the target building model.
Further, in step S4, when determining the matching target, a first proportional threshold and a second proportional threshold are set;
for a matching object, the ratio of the number of the coincident edges of the matching object and the extracted BIM model block to the total number of the edges of the extracted BIM model block and the ratio of the number of the coincident edges of the matching object and the extracted BIM model block to the total number of the edges of the matching object and the BIM model block are all larger than or equal to a first proportional threshold;
for a matching object, the ratio of the total length of the coincident edge line of the matching object and the extracted BIM model block to the total length of the edge line of the extracted BIM model block and the ratio of the total length of the coincident edge line of the matching object and the total length of the edge line of the matching object are larger than or equal to a second proportional threshold;
if any one of the above ratios is smaller than the preset value corresponding to the ratio, the matching object cannot be used.
Further, in step S5, when predicting the engineering amount and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block, the method includes:
s51, overlapping the extracted BIM model block and the boundary line of the matching object according to the mode in the step S4, and determining the inclusion relation between the two models;
s52, if the relationship between the inclusion and the inclusion is the relationship, judging whether one can obtain the other through stretching for at most 3 times; wherein, when the stretching operation is executed each time, the stretching direction is the same as the length direction of at least one coincident edge line;
and S53, if the conclusion in the step S52 is yes, taking the matching object as the basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block.
Further, step S5 further includes:
s54, if the conclusion in the step S52 is NO, determining an interface between an overlapping area and a non-overlapping area between the extracted BIM model block and the matching object;
s55, projecting the edge line of the non-overlapping area on a plane where the interface is located, and judging whether the projections are all located in the range of the interface;
s56, if the conclusion of the step S55 is yes, taking the matching object as the basis of calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block; the selection priority of this step is lower than that of step S53.
Further, step S5 further includes:
if the conclusion of step S55 is no, the selection priority of the matching object as the basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block is lower than that of step S56.
Further, step S5 further includes:
s58, after overlapping the extracted BIM model block and the side line of the matching object in the mode of the step S4, if the two models are only partially overlapped, respectively determining non-overlapped areas of the extracted BIM model block and the matching object;
s59, regarding the non-overlapping areas of the two as independent models, and judging whether the two non-overlapping areas are matched with each other or not on the basis; if yes, the BIM model block is used as a basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block.
Further, in step S59, for the non-overlapping regions of the two matching objects, the priorities of the evaluation basis of the engineering quantity and the engineering cost are determined by adopting the methods of steps S51 to S57.
Further, in step S55, a third proportional threshold is set, and a ratio of the post-projection length to the pre-projection length of the edge line of the non-overlapping region is determined; wherein the ratio of the projected length to the projected length of the edge of the non-overlapping region is greater than or equal to a third proportional threshold; if the ratio is smaller than the third ratio threshold, the matching object is not available.
Further, the larger the ratio of the projected length to the projected length of the edge of the non-overlapping region, the higher the priority of the non-overlapping region as a reference basis for the engineering quantity and the engineering cost.
The technical scheme of the application has the beneficial effects that:
in the use process of the method for evaluating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the assembled building based on BIM, the outline (side line) of the building structural component can represent the complexity of processing, generally, the more the side lines, the finer the components and the more complex the processing. The matching degree between the thus determined matching object and the extracted BIM model block is the highest, the matching object is used as a reference to evaluate the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block, and the referenceability is also the highest.
In general, the method for evaluating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the assembled building based on the BIM can rapidly determine the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the building design, and can effectively reduce the extra workload of a designer, thereby promoting the designer to concentrate more efforts on the design work per se and being beneficial to further improving the efficiency of the building design work.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an extracted BIM model block and BIM model blocks in a model database when edges are overlapped;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conversion that can be achieved by stretching between a BIM model block that is judged to be extracted and a BIM model block in a model database;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the coincidence of two models in a first containment relationship;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a projection of a non-overlapping region in a first inclusion relationship;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the coincidence of two models in a second containment relationship;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a projection of a non-overlapping region in a second inclusion relationship;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the model partially overlapping.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As used in this specification and the claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and the like are not specific to the singular, but may include the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that the steps and elements are explicitly identified, and they do not constitute an exclusive list, as other steps or elements may be included in a method or apparatus.
The embodiment provides a method for evaluating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of an assembled building based on BIM, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a classification standard for BIM model blocks, classifying the existing BIM model blocks (such as classification according to building components and structure types, columns (brick structures), beams (pouring beams) and the like, but not limited to the same) according to the classification standard, and marking the engineering quantity and engineering cost of the existing BIM model blocks to form a model database;
s2, extracting BIM model blocks in the target building model, and classifying the extracted BIM model blocks according to classification standards (for example, classifying building components of the same type of structure);
s3, aiming at each extracted BIM model block, searching a matching object for the extracted BIM model block in the same classification according to the classification of the BIM model block in a model database;
s4, determining BIM model blocks with the largest overlapping edge number with the extracted BIM model blocks in the same classification, and further determining the BIM model blocks with the largest overlapping edge length on the basis, wherein the BIM model blocks are the matching objects of the extracted BIM model blocks; (As shown in FIG. 1, the dotted line is a coincident edge line)
S5, predicting the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block according to the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the matched object, and taking the predicted engineering quantity and the predicted engineering cost as the calculation basis of the total engineering quantity and the total engineering cost of the target building model.
Since the outline (edge) of the building structural member can represent the complexity of its processing, in general, the greater the number of edges, the finer the component and the more complex the processing. The matching degree between the thus determined matching object and the extracted BIM model block is the highest, the matching object is used as a reference to evaluate the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block, and the referenceability is also the highest.
In general, the method for evaluating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the assembled building based on the BIM can rapidly determine the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the building design, and can effectively reduce the extra workload of a designer, thereby promoting the designer to concentrate more efforts on the design work per se and being beneficial to further improving the efficiency of the building design work.
In the present embodiment, in step S4, when a matching target is determined, a first proportional threshold and a second proportional threshold are set;
for a matching object, the ratio of the number of the coincident edges of the matching object and the extracted BIM model block to the total number of the edges of the extracted BIM model block and the ratio of the number of the coincident edges of the matching object and the extracted BIM model block to the total number of the edges of the matching object and the BIM model block are all larger than or equal to a first proportional threshold;
for a matching object, the ratio of the total length of the coincident edge line of the matching object and the extracted BIM model block to the total length of the edge line of the extracted BIM model block and the ratio of the total length of the coincident edge line of the matching object and the total length of the edge line of the matching object are larger than or equal to a second proportional threshold;
if any one of the above ratios is smaller than the preset value corresponding to the ratio, the matching object cannot be used.
By means of the design, when a certain extracted BIM model block does not have a proper matching object in the model database, the matching object on the matching object can be prevented from being strongly behaved, and accordingly excessive result errors are avoided.
Further, in step S5, when predicting the engineering amount and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block, the method includes:
s51, overlapping the extracted BIM model block and the boundary line of the matching object according to the mode in the step S4, and determining the inclusion relation between the two models;
s52, if the relationship between the inclusion and the inclusion is the relationship, judging whether one can obtain the other through stretching for at most 3 times; wherein, when the stretching operation is executed each time, the stretching direction is the same as the length direction of at least one coincident edge line;
and S53, if the conclusion in the step S52 is yes, taking the matching object as the basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block.
As shown in fig. 2, the smaller beams are the extracted BIM model blocks and the larger beams are the BIM model blocks in the model database. The two beam structures are included in relation to the included, the dashed line portion is the overlap region, and the portion corresponding to the smaller beam. The smaller beam may be stretched twice to give a larger beam (and a larger Liang Chongge), and then the larger beam may be the mating object for the smaller beam. If there are no more suitable seat matching objects in the model database, the larger beam can be used as a basis for evaluating the engineering amount and engineering cost of the smaller beam. Generally, the evaluation calculation may be performed proportionally according to the difference in size between the two, but is not limited thereto.
That is, the method for evaluating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the assembled building based on the BIM provided by the embodiment can rapidly provide the reference basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the target building model for the user, so that the user can rapidly evaluate the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the target building model more accurately.
Further, step S5 further includes:
s54, if the conclusion in the step S52 is NO, determining an interface between an overlapping area and a non-overlapping area between the extracted BIM model block and the matching object; as shown in fig. 3, an interface ab and an interface bc exist between the two models, and the dotted line portion is an overlapping region. In fig. 3, the thickness of the two models is the same in the direction perpendicular to the image, and for convenience of presentation, the two models are shown in two dimensions. The following description is also similar to this, and will not be repeated.
S55, projecting the edge line of the non-overlapping area on the plane where the interface is located, and judging whether the projections are all located in the range of the interface.
S56, if the conclusion of the step S55 is yes, taking the matching object as the basis of calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block; as shown in fig. 4, if the projection of the edge line of the non-overlapping region is within the range of the interface ab and the interface bc, the matching object can be used as the basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block.
Since the selection priority of the present step is lower than that of step S53, that is, if there are both the matching object conforming to step S53 and the matching object conforming to step S56, the matching object conforming to step S53 is preferentially selected as the reference basis for calculating the amount of work and the cost of work.
Further, step S5 further includes:
if the conclusion of step S55 is no, the selection priority of the matching object as the basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block is lower than that of step S56.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, there are an interface ab and an interface bc, and since the projection of the non-overlapping area exceeds the range of the interface ab and extends beyond the interface ab, the selection priority of the matching object as the basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost by the extracted BIM model block is lower than that in step S56.
In comparison, the interface ab and the interface bc in fig. 3 collectively exhibit an "outward-extending" state, while the interface ab and the interface bc in fig. 5 collectively exhibit an "inward-contracting" state, and the tendency of the external configuration of the two is different, and the tendency in selecting a suitable matching object is also different.
Further, step S5 further includes:
s58, after overlapping the edges of the extracted BIM model block and the matched object in the step S4, if the two models are only partially overlapped and each model has a non-overlapping area, respectively determining the non-overlapping areas of the extracted BIM model block and the matched object; as shown in fig. 7, the non-overlapping regions of the two models are non-overlapping region a and non-overlapping region B, respectively.
S59, regarding the non-overlapping areas of the two as independent models, and judging whether the two non-overlapping areas are matched with each other or not on the basis of the independent models, namely judging whether the non-overlapping area A and the non-overlapping area B are matched with each other or not; if yes, the BIM model block is used as a basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block.
In step S59, if the non-overlapping area a and the non-overlapping area B are matched objects, and there are multiple optional matched objects at the same time, and for the non-overlapping areas of the two matched objects, the priorities of the evaluation basis of the engineering quantity and the engineering cost are determined by adopting the methods of steps S51 to S57.
Through the design, when the same model simultaneously has a plurality of selectable matching objects, the most suitable matching object can be screened out according to the method, and the reference value of the result is effectively ensured.
Further, in step S55, a third proportional threshold is set, and a ratio of the post-projection length to the pre-projection length of the edge line of the non-overlapping region is determined; wherein the ratio of the projected length to the projected length of the edge of the non-overlapping region is greater than or equal to a third proportional threshold; if the ratio is smaller than the third ratio threshold, the matching object is not available.
Further, the larger the ratio of the projected length to the projected length of the edge of the non-overlapping region, the higher the priority of the non-overlapping region as a reference basis for the engineering quantity and the engineering cost.
In summary, the method for evaluating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the assembled building based on the BIM provided by the embodiment of the application can rapidly determine the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the building design, and can effectively reduce the extra workload of a designer, thereby promoting the designer to concentrate more efforts on the design work per se and being beneficial to further improving the efficiency of the building design work.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The method for evaluating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the assembled building based on the BIM is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, establishing a classification standard for BIM model blocks, classifying the existing BIM model blocks according to the classification standard, and marking the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the existing BIM model blocks to form a model database;
s2, extracting BIM model blocks in the target building model, and classifying the BIM model blocks according to the classification standard;
s3, aiming at each extracted BIM model block, searching a matching object for the extracted BIM model block in the same classification according to the classification of the BIM model block in the model database;
s4, determining BIM model blocks with the largest overlapping edge number with the extracted BIM model blocks in the same classification, and further determining the BIM model blocks with the largest overlapping edge length on the basis, wherein the BIM model blocks are the matching objects of the extracted BIM model blocks;
s5, predicting the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block according to the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the matched object, and taking the predicted engineering quantity and the predicted engineering cost as the calculation basis of the total engineering quantity and the total engineering cost of the target building model.
2. The method for evaluating the construction quantity and construction cost of a BIM-based fabricated building according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, a first proportional threshold value and a second proportional threshold value are set when the matching object is determined;
for the matching object, the ratio of the number of the coincident edges of the matching object and the extracted BIM model block to the total number of the edges of the extracted BIM model block and the ratio of the number of the coincident edges of the matching object and the extracted BIM model block to the total number of the edges of the matching object are all larger than or equal to the first ratio threshold;
for the matching object, the ratio of the total length of the coincident edge line of the matching object and the extracted BIM model block to the total length of the edge line of the extracted BIM model block and the ratio of the total length of the coincident edge line of the matching object and the total length of the edge line of the matching object are larger than or equal to the second proportional threshold;
if any one of the above ratios is smaller than the preset value corresponding to the ratio, the matching object cannot be used.
3. The method for estimating the amount of work and the cost of work for a Building Information Modeling (BIM) based fabricated building according to claim 2, wherein the predicting the amount of work and the cost of work for the extracted BIM model block in step S5 includes:
s51, after overlapping the extracted BIM model block and the boundary line of the matching object in the mode of the step S4, determining the inclusion relation between the two models;
s52, if the relationship between the inclusion and the inclusion is the relationship, judging whether one can obtain the other through stretching for at most 3 times; wherein, when the stretching operation is executed each time, the stretching direction is the same as the length direction of at least one coincident edge line;
and S53, if the conclusion in the step S52 is yes, taking the matching object as the basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block.
4. The method for evaluating the construction quantity and construction cost of a Building Information Modeling (BIM) -based fabricated building according to claim 3, wherein the step S5 further includes:
s54, if the conclusion in the step S52 is NO, determining an interface between an overlapping area and a non-overlapping area between the extracted BIM model block and the matching object;
s55, projecting the edge of the non-overlapping area on the plane where the interface is located, and judging whether the projections are all located in the range of the interface;
s56, if the conclusion of the step S55 is yes, taking the matching object as a basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block; the selection priority of this step is lower than that of the step S53.
5. The method for evaluating the construction quantity and construction cost of a Building Information Modeling (BIM) -based fabricated building according to claim 4, wherein the step S5 further comprises:
and S57, if the conclusion of the step S55 is NO, the selection priority of the matching object as the basis of the extracted BIM model block for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost is lower than that of the step S56.
6. The method for evaluating the construction quantity and construction cost of a Building Information Modeling (BIM) -based fabricated building according to claim 5, wherein the step S5 further comprises:
s58, after overlapping the extracted BIM model block and the side line of the matching object in the mode of the step S4, if the two models are only partially overlapped, respectively determining non-overlapped areas of the extracted BIM model block and the matching object;
s59, regarding the non-overlapping areas of the two as independent models, and judging whether the two non-overlapping areas are matched with each other or not on the basis; if yes, the BIM model block is used as a basis for calculating the engineering quantity and the engineering cost of the extracted BIM model block.
7. The method for evaluating the construction quantity and construction cost of a Building Information Modeling (BIM) -based fabricated building according to claim 6, wherein in the step S59, for the non-overlapping areas of the two matching objects, the priorities of the evaluation basis of the construction quantity and construction cost are determined by using the method of the steps S51 to S57.
8. The method for evaluating the construction quantity and construction cost of a Building Information Modeling (BIM) -based fabricated building according to claim 7, wherein in the step S55, a third ratio threshold is set to determine a ratio of a post-projection length to a pre-projection length of the edge of the non-overlapping region; wherein the ratio of the projected length to the projected length of the edge of the non-overlapping region is greater than or equal to the third proportional threshold; if the ratio is smaller than the third ratio threshold, the matching object is not available.
9. The method for evaluating the construction quantity and construction cost of a BIM-based fabricated building according to claim 8, wherein the larger the ratio of the post-projection length to the pre-projection length of the edge line of the non-overlapping area is, the higher the priority thereof is as a reference basis for the construction quantity and construction cost.
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