CN116764570A - Microwave gas high-temperature reaction device - Google Patents
Microwave gas high-temperature reaction device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116764570A CN116764570A CN202210218166.5A CN202210218166A CN116764570A CN 116764570 A CN116764570 A CN 116764570A CN 202210218166 A CN202210218166 A CN 202210218166A CN 116764570 A CN116764570 A CN 116764570A
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- Prior art keywords
- furnace tube
- microwave
- expanded graphite
- metal shell
- temperature reaction
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- KDRIEERWEFJUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;methane Chemical compound C.O=C=O KDRIEERWEFJUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001833 catalytic reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
- B01J19/126—Microwaves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8678—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/8687—Organic components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
- C01B3/24—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
- C01B3/26—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a microwave gas high-temperature reaction device which comprises a metal shell and an internal furnace tube, wherein a heat insulation material is filled between the metal shell and the furnace tube, the furnace tube is made of quartz or ceramic, the interior of the furnace tube is filled with expanded graphite or expanded graphite composite material, two ends of the furnace tube are provided with screens, a microwave magnetron and an excitation cavity are arranged around the metal shell, and the working frequency of the microwave magnetron is 915MHz or 2450MHz. The device can be used for carrying out methane pyrolysis, methane carbon dioxide reforming, VOCs gas treatment and other reactions under normal pressure and without using noble metal catalysts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave reaction devices, and particularly relates to a microwave gas high-temperature reaction device. The device is internally provided with highly loose expanded graphite, and the high-temperature environment catalytic gas reaction is generated by exciting the expanded graphite by microwaves.
Background
The microwave gas high-temperature reaction device is mainly applied to catalytic gas high-temperature reactions, such as methane pyrolysis, methane-carbon dioxide reforming, VOCs gas decomposition and the like. In the existing production process equipment, reactions such as methane cracking, methane-carbon dioxide reforming and the like often need to occur under severe conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, noble metal catalysts and the like. The noble metal catalyst is attached to the solid material, the contact area with the reaction gas is limited, and the solid product generated by the reaction is deposited on the surface of the solid material, so that the noble metal catalyst cannot be used for a long time.
The expanded graphite is a highly loose carbon material, the expanded graphite can be quickly heated to generate a high-temperature environment after absorbing microwave energy, hot spots with higher temperature can be generated at local positions of the expanded graphite, and the high-temperature environment and the high-temperature hot spots of the expanded graphite can catalyze the reactions of cracking, reforming and the like of gases such as methane, carbon dioxide and the like under normal pressure. The device utilizes the high-temperature environment generated by microwave excitation of the expanded graphite to catalyze the gas reaction, so that the construction of reaction conditions is simpler, noble metal catalysts are not needed in the reaction process, and the production cost can be obviously reduced. In addition, the expanded graphite has the characteristics of light weight, looseness, large specific surface area and the like, the air flow is smoother, the reaction speed is higher, carbon powder generated by the reaction can absorb microwaves to raise the temperature to continue to produce the catalysis effect, and the continuous and efficient reaction is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the current organic gas cracking, reforming and other reactions require severe conditions, noble metal catalysts are easy to deactivate and the like, the invention provides a microwave gas high-temperature reaction device which can realize methane cracking, methane-carbon dioxide reforming, VOCs gas decomposition and other reactions under normal pressure and without a catalyst by utilizing a high-temperature catalytic environment generated by microwave excitation of expanded graphite, and obviously reduce the production cost of the gas reaction process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a microwave gas high temperature reaction apparatus, which is characterized by comprising the following structure: the microwave oven comprises a metal shell (1) and a furnace tube (3), wherein a heat insulation material (2) is filled between the metal shell (1) and the furnace tube (3), a filling material (4) is arranged in the furnace tube (3), screens (5) are arranged at two ends of an opening of the furnace tube, a microwave magnetron and an excitation cavity (6) are arranged around the metal shell (1), and gas inlets and outlets (7) are formed at two ends of the metal shell (1).
Further, the furnace tube (3) is made of quartz or ceramic, two ends of the furnace tube are opened, one end of the furnace tube is air-in, and the other end of the furnace tube is air-out.
Further, the filling material (4) is one or a mixture of more than one of expanded graphite, expandable graphite, catalyst-loaded expanded graphite and catalyst-loaded expandable graphite.
Further, the working frequency of the magnetic control in the microwave magnetron and the excitation cavity (6) is 915MHz or 2450MHz.
Compared with the prior equipment, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. obviously reduces the conditions required by reactions such as gas cracking, reforming and the like and reduces the production cost. In the existing production process, reactions such as methane pyrolysis, methane-carbon dioxide reforming, VOCs gas decomposition treatment and the like often need to occur under severe conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, noble metal catalyst and the like. The device can realize reactions such as methane pyrolysis, methane-carbon dioxide reforming, VOCs gas treatment and the like under the conditions of normal pressure and no noble metal catalyst by utilizing high temperature and catalytic environment generated by microwave excitation of the expanded graphite, and can obviously reduce the production cost;
2. the gas contact area is increased, and the reaction rate and efficiency are improved. The expanded graphite is a light and highly loose carbon material, the bulk density of the expanded graphite is 2-5 mg/cm < 3 >, the larger comparison area is provided, when the expanded graphite is filled in a container, gas can freely pass through the container without resistance, the gas can rapidly diffuse and contact the expanded graphite, the expanded graphite is heated to generate a high-temperature environment after being excited by microwaves, the surface of the expanded graphite can also generate a plurality of high-temperature hot spots, the high-temperature environment and the high-temperature hot spots can rapidly catalyze the reactions such as gas reaction cracking and reforming, and the catalytic efficiency of the unit mass of the expanded graphite is far higher than that of the traditional noble metal catalyst;
3. the influence of carbon deposition on the reaction is obviously improved. In the existing process equipment, reactions such as methane pyrolysis, methane-carbon dioxide reforming and the like not only need harsh reaction conditions such as high temperature, high pressure and noble metal catalysts, but also carbon generated by the reaction can be deposited on the surfaces of the noble metal catalysts to deactivate the catalysts, so that the catalytic effect is greatly reduced or even lost. The catalysis principle of the device is that the expanded graphite can be heated in a microwave field and generate a high-temperature hot spot, carbon deposition on the surface of the expanded graphite does not influence the heating effect of microwaves on the expanded graphite, and the position of the high-temperature hot spot generated by the microwave excitation of the expanded graphite is not fixed but can be changed along with the structural change of the expanded graphite, so that the carbon deposition phenomenon has little influence on the high-temperature catalysis of the expanded graphite. In addition, carbon deposition generated by the gas cracking reaction can absorb microwaves in a microwave field to raise the temperature, so that a catalytic effect similar to that of expanded graphite is generated, and subsequent reactions are continuously catalyzed.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention
In the figure: 1. a metal housing; 2. a thermal insulation material; 3. a furnace tube; 4. a filler material; 5. a screen; 6. a microwave magnetron and an excitation cavity; 7. a gas inlet and a gas outlet.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the use of the inventive device will be more clearly described below in connection with specific application embodiments, it being evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the inventive device. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: hydrogen production by catalytic methane pyrolysis using the device
1) The device is electrified and a microwave power supply is started, the expanded graphite filled in the furnace tube absorbs microwave radiation to generate a high-temperature environment, and high-temperature hot spots are generated on the surface of the expanded graphite;
2) Methane gas passes through the device at a certain flow, methane undergoes catalytic cracking reaction under the catalysis of a high-temperature environment and a high-temperature point generated by expanded graphite, and cracking products are carbon and hydrogen.
Example 2: catalytic methane-carbon dioxide reforming using the present apparatus
1) The device is electrified and a microwave power supply is started, the expanded graphite filled in the furnace tube absorbs microwave radiation to generate a high-temperature environment, and high-temperature hot spots are generated on the surface of the expanded graphite;
2) Methane and carbon dioxide gas are subjected to catalytic reforming reaction under the catalysis of a high-temperature environment and a high-temperature hot point generated by expanded graphite by the device according to a certain flow rate of a certain proportion, and the reforming reaction products are carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
Example 3: utilize this device catalytic VOCs gas decomposition to handle
1) The device is electrified and a microwave power supply is started, the expanded graphite filled in the furnace tube absorbs microwave radiation to generate a high-temperature environment, and high-temperature hot spots are generated on the surface of the expanded graphite;
VOCs gas passes through the device at a certain flow, and is subjected to catalytic decomposition reaction under the catalysis of a high-temperature environment and a high-temperature point generated by expanded graphite, and the decomposition products are micromolecular inorganic matters such as carbon dioxide, water and the like.
Claims (4)
1. A microwave gas high temperature reaction device, which is characterized by comprising the following structures: the microwave oven comprises a metal shell (1) and a furnace tube (3), wherein a heat insulation material (2) is filled between the metal shell (1) and the furnace tube (3), a filling material (4) is arranged in the furnace tube (3), screens (5) are arranged at two ends of an opening of the furnace tube, a microwave magnetron and an excitation cavity (6) are arranged around the metal shell (1), and gas inlets and outlets (7) are formed at two ends of the metal shell (1).
2. The microwave gas high-temperature reaction device according to claim 1, wherein the furnace tube (3) is made of quartz or ceramic, and two ends of the furnace tube are open, one end is air-in, and the other end is air-out.
3. A microwave gas high-temperature reaction device according to claim 1, wherein the filling material (4) is one or a mixture of a plurality of expandable graphite, catalyst-loaded expandable graphite and catalyst-loaded expandable graphite.
4. A microwave gas high-temperature reaction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating frequency of the microwave magnetron and the magnetron in the excitation chamber (6) is 915MHz or 2450MHz.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210218166.5A CN116764570A (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-03-08 | Microwave gas high-temperature reaction device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210218166.5A CN116764570A (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-03-08 | Microwave gas high-temperature reaction device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116764570A true CN116764570A (en) | 2023-09-19 |
Family
ID=87990062
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210218166.5A Pending CN116764570A (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2022-03-08 | Microwave gas high-temperature reaction device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116764570A (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-03-08 CN CN202210218166.5A patent/CN116764570A/en active Pending
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