CN116751620A - 一种用于金属加工过程的pH值自修复切削液 - Google Patents

一种用于金属加工过程的pH值自修复切削液 Download PDF

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CN116751620A
CN116751620A CN202310808620.7A CN202310808620A CN116751620A CN 116751620 A CN116751620 A CN 116751620A CN 202310808620 A CN202310808620 A CN 202310808620A CN 116751620 A CN116751620 A CN 116751620A
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cutting fluid
value
alcohol
amine
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由君
王忆楠
李晨昊
喻艳超
武文菊
刘波
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Harbin Fangyuan Metal Surface Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于金属加工过程的pH值可以自我修复的切削液的制备技术，属于机械加工助剂生产领域。本技术的特点在于使用科学的有机(醇)胺配方组合，使切削液在使用过程中pH值降低缓慢且有自修复功能，以此减少切削液中细菌的繁殖生长，克服了切削液夏季使用时容易腐败变臭的缺点，延长了切削液使用寿命。本发明切削液采用如下配方：工业白油10‑60％，表面活性剂10‑30％，有机(醇)胺5‑30％，其他助剂5‑15％，水5‑50％。所述切削液的配制方法是先将工业白油、表面活性剂、有机醇胺、其他助剂混合均匀后，加入所需量的水，搅拌得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。

Description

一种用于金属加工过程的pH值自修复切削液
技术领域
本发明属于金属加工助剂领域，具体设计一种用于金属加工过程的pH值自修复切削液的制备技术。
技术背景
在金属机械加工中，切削液是一种重要的辅助材料。切削液由多种化学助剂经科学复合配制而成，具备良好的冷却性能、润滑性能、防锈性能、除油清洗功能、防腐功能、易稀释特点。优质的切削液pH值一般呈碱性，介于8.0-9.5之间。如切削液ph值大于9时，切削液对人体肌肤有刺激性，导致作业者皮肤过敏和有色金属腐蚀等现象，还会使切削液的润滑特性下降，降低了生产加工的效率。当切削液ph值小于8时，则容易受到细菌的侵扰，繁殖细菌致使切削液变质发臭，严重影响切削液的使用性能，降低了加工工件的使用寿命以及生产效率。
因此在使用切削液的过程中pH值需要维持在一定的范围内，防止切削液受到细菌侵入及其确保零件加工不造成锈蚀，同时减少机床及刀具的腐蚀。
切削液使用过程中pH值降低的因素主要有两个，一是吸收空气中的二氧化碳，二是细菌繁殖生长过程产生的酸。传统的切削液中一般要加入三乙醇胺，二乙醇胺等醇胺类助剂以调整切削液的pH值。在使用过程中，由于空气中的二氧化碳溶入切削液中，与醇胺反应生成醇胺的碳酸盐或者碳酸氢盐，导致醇胺不断消耗直至失去pH值调节作用。在这个过程中，体系的pH值不断降低，最后达到二氧化碳饱和溶液，体系呈适合细菌繁殖生长的弱酸性。细菌的快速繁殖生长，进一步导致切削液的pH值下降，体系腐败发臭，切削液各项功能失效。
发明内容：
针对传统切削液使用过程中由于二氧化碳的溶入引起的pH值下降，进而导致切削液失效的问题，本发明在切削液中引入一种空间位阻较大的的有机叔(醇)胺作为切削液的pH值调节剂。这类位阻较大的有机叔(醇)胺有两个特点，其一是吸收二氧化碳速度较慢，使切削液在使用过程中的pH值降低速度大大下降。其二是它们与二氧化碳的盐极不稳定，很容易受热分解，重新放出有机(醇)胺，达到使切削液pH值自修复的目的。
众所周知，有机(醇)胺可以迅速地吸收二氧化碳生成有机醇胺碳酸盐或者碳酸氢盐，其反应方程式如下：
式中R1,R2,R3＝H,CH2CH2OH,(CH2)nCH3
大多数醇胺或者有机胺的碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐并不稳定，受热分解重新放出有机(醇)胺和CO2，这实际就是工业气体精制过程中利用有机(醇)胺脱除CO2的机理。然而在切削液使用的条件下，大多数有机(醇)胺碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐是稳定的，不能发生碳酸盐或者碳酸氢盐的分解反应，这导致切削液中添加的pH值调节剂有机(醇)胺已经消耗就不能再生，致使切削液的pH值在使用过程中不可逆转地不断下降，这就是切削液使用过程中pH值降低的原因之一。
本发明的技术原理是通过改变有机(醇)胺的结构来解决这个问题。研究表明，空间位阻较大的有机(醇)胺吸收CO2的速度较慢，而且生成的碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐稳定性极差，在切削点产生的瞬间高温以及其导致的相邻区域温度升高即可使其发生分解反应，使有机(醇)胺再生。
本发明的切削液具有以下优点：1.pH值降低缓慢且有自修复功能，克服了传统乳化液夏天易臭、冬天难稀释、防锈效果差的的毛病。2.切削液配方合理，可以调整使其适用于各种金属的切削及磨加工。3.具有良好的润滑、冷却、清洗、防锈等特点，并且具备无毒、无味、对人体无侵蚀、对设备不腐蚀、对环境不污染等特点。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式，对本发明的上述内容作进一步的详细说明。本发明技术方案不局限于以下所列举具体实施方式，还包括各具体实施方式间的任意组合。
实施例一
30#工业白油50g，三乙醇胺油酸盐12g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯7g，异丙基二乙醇胺15g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯4g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水7g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值没有变化。
稀释液在车床上使用180天(使用期间定期不加新鲜稀释液以保持液位)后，pH值8.5，稀释液状态及性能良好，没有发黑变臭的现象。
实施例二
30#工业白油50g，三乙醇胺油酸盐12g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯7g，异丙基二乙醇胺5g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯8g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水13g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值为8.0。
实施例三
30#工业白油50g，三乙醇胺油酸盐12g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯7g，异丙基二乙醇胺10g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯6g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水10g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值8.6。
实施例四
30#工业白油50g，三乙醇胺油酸盐12g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯7g，异丙基二乙醇胺20g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯4g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水2g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值没有变化。
实施例七
30#工业白油50g，三乙醇胺油酸盐10g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯5g，异丙基二乙醇胺30g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种白色乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值没有变化。
实施例八
30#工业白油50g，三乙醇胺油酸盐12g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯7g，乙基二乙醇胺15g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯4g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水7g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值为8.4。
稀释液在车床上使用180天(使用期间定期不加新鲜稀释液以保持液位)后，pH值8.0，稀释液状态及性能良好，没有发黑变臭的现象。
实施例九
30#工业白油50g，三乙醇胺油酸盐12g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯7g，叔丁基二乙醇胺15g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯4g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水7g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值没有变化。
实施例十
30#工业白油50g，三乙醇胺油酸盐12g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯7g，乙基二环己基胺15g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯4g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水7g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值没有变化。
实施例十一
30#工业白油50g，三乙醇胺油酸盐12g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯7g，甲基二环己基胺15g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯4g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水7g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值没有变化。
实施例十二
30#工业白油40g，三乙醇胺油酸盐12g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯7g，异丙基二乙醇胺15g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯8g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水13g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值没有变化。
实施例十三
30#工业白油30g，三乙醇胺油酸盐18g，油酸单甘油酯10g，PEG400油酸酯7g，异丙基二乙醇胺15g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯10g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水10g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值没有变化。
实施例十四
30#工业白油20g，三乙醇胺油酸盐18g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯12g，异丙基二乙醇胺15g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯8g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水23g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释20倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值没有变化。
实施例十五
30#工业白油10g，三乙醇胺油酸盐8g，油酸单甘油酯5g，PEG400油酸酯8g，异丙基二乙醇胺15g，三乙醇胺硼酸酯4g，卡松0.2g，消泡剂0.01g，水50g。将上述物料搅拌下按顺序加入，混合均匀即得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。上述切削液稀释10倍得到一种具蓝光的半透明乳液，稀释液pH值为9.0，室温放置90天pH值没有变化。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于金属加工过程的pH值可以自我修复的切削液，其特征为采用如下配方：工业白油10-60％，表面活性剂10-30％，有机(醇)胺5-30％，其他助剂5-15％，水5-50％。所述切削液的配制方法是先将工业白油、表面活性剂、有机醇胺、其他助剂混合均匀后，加入所需量的水，搅拌得到一种外观为黄色透明油状液体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于金属加工过程的pH值可以自我修复的切削液,其特征在于所述的有机(醇)胺可以是异丙基二乙醇胺、乙基二乙醇胺、叔丁基基二乙醇胺、乙基二环己基胺、甲基二环己基胺等有机(醇)胺中的一种或几种的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于金属加工过程的pH值可以自我修复的切削液,其特征在于所述的有机(醇)胺的加入量为5-30％，更好的范围是8-15％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于金属加工过程的pH值可以自我修复的切削液,其特征在于所述的切削液是一种微乳液，其外观为黄色透明油状液体，稀释10-20倍时的工作液是一种几乎透明的微乳液，该工作液在30℃温度下放置90天后的pH值大于8。
CN202310808620.7A 2023-07-03 2023-07-03 一种用于金属加工过程的pH值自修复切削液 Pending CN116751620A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104812879A (zh) * 2012-11-20 2015-07-29 出光兴产株式会社 水溶性金属加工油剂、金属加工液、以及金属加工方法
CN107815344A (zh) * 2017-11-16 2018-03-20 广州市联诺化工科技有限公司 长寿命环保型半合成切削液及其制备方法
CN115838615A (zh) * 2021-09-22 2023-03-24 无锡润天扬工业科技有限公司 一种金属加工液制备及其方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104812879A (zh) * 2012-11-20 2015-07-29 出光兴产株式会社 水溶性金属加工油剂、金属加工液、以及金属加工方法
CN107815344A (zh) * 2017-11-16 2018-03-20 广州市联诺化工科技有限公司 长寿命环保型半合成切削液及其制备方法
CN115838615A (zh) * 2021-09-22 2023-03-24 无锡润天扬工业科技有限公司 一种金属加工液制备及其方法

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