CN116746390A - Plant growth regulation system and method based on plant reflection spectrum - Google Patents
Plant growth regulation system and method based on plant reflection spectrum Download PDFInfo
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The present invention relates to plant growth regulation systems and methods based on plant reflectance spectroscopy. The system comprises: the acquisition unit is used for acquiring plant images of plants; a processing unit for acquiring a reflectance spectrum of the plant at each pixel on each acquired plant image, wherein the processing unit is further configured to: calculating the maturity of the plant based on the acquired first and second wavelengths in the reflectance spectrum as a function of plant maturity; the type, growth stage and degree of development of the plant are determined based on the acquired plant image and the calculated maturity. The present invention is directed to light modulation for the cultivation requirements of plants of different types, different growth stages and different maturity, which modulation can be either forward or reverse, thereby obtaining the desired plant cultivation process based on the actual cultivation requirements. The processing unit can reduce the light quantity of the lighting module based on the cultivation requirement so as to realize flower and fruit retardation, and simultaneously guarantee the plant quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant factories, in particular to a plant growth regulating system and a method based on plant reflection spectrum.
Background
The plant factory has important status in the current crop cultivation, timely detects the crop growth condition, and thus, regulation of illumination is an important index for plant cultivation. Currently, remote sensing technology has been widely used for obtaining plant parameters. The maturity of a plant within a plant factory is determined based on the apparent color of the plant, and the illumination time, harvest time, etc. of the plant are determined based on the maturity. That is, the judgment of the appearance of the plant is judged by a worker having a long experience, thereby determining the illumination time, harvest time, etc. of the plant. In addition, the maturity of the plant can be judged from the aspect of the nutritional ingredients through destructive testing of the plant.
The illumination device in the traditional plant work can adjust the illumination parameters emitted by the illumination device even though the illumination device can adjust the illumination parameters, so that the emitted illumination spectrum accords with the spectrum which is most beneficial to the plant growth, but the illumination device cannot adapt to the rapid growth of the plant and the change of the environmental factors, so that the emitted illumination spectrum is not adjustable and is uncontrollable, and the plant is still not irradiated by the most beneficial illumination spectrum in each growth stage or different maturity of the plant. Under the above circumstances, how to efficiently judge the growth stage or maturity of plants is an urgent problem to be solved in the prior art. The different stages of shortening or accelerating are due to the different growth conditions required for the different plants, so that the illumination parameters of the lighting device cannot be effectively adjusted until the plant type, the growth stage and the maturity are not determined. Some studies have indicated that nondestructive inspection of plants is performed by taking digital images of plants, and pigment content of plants is obtained by correlation comparison between color information calculated from the images and pigment amounts of the plants. However, the technical means still have various problems such as low precision, incomplete plant image acquisition, image color affected by illumination of the illumination device, and the like.
Chinese patent CN 106596412a discloses a method for monitoring plant growth using an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying a multispectral light source. The method comprises the following steps: determining characteristic wavelength of plants according to plant types, and selecting corresponding standard narrowband chromatic light combinations as multispectral standard light sources; illuminating plants by using a multispectral standard light source, collecting information such as different plant color coordinates and reflection spectrums, and establishing a plant spectrum database; controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to shoot and store information on the detected plants through an area array CCD spectrum imager; and comparing the photographed information such as leaf color coordinates, reflection spectrum and the like of the detected plants and the same plants in the plant database, so as to analyze the growth condition of the detected leaves. This patent adopts unmanned aerial vehicle to carry multispectral light source and area array CCD spectrum appearance to monitor, and single scanning coverage area is big, and measurement accuracy is high, and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft route is simple, easily controls, and is with low costs, is applicable to vegetation monitoring in the farming such as present field, big-arch shelter and plant factory. However, the disadvantage of this patent is that: the acquired plant image is not subjected to multiple correction treatments, so that the acquired plant image cannot meet the requirements of judging the plant type, the growth stage and the maturity, the judged plant growth condition is inaccurate, the regulation and control of plant illumination and other environmental parameters are affected, and the plant cannot reach the optimal growth state.
Chinese patent CN 113940267B discloses a plant care device and method for a plant factory, which at least comprises a shuttle trolley capable of moving around a cultivation frame in a planting space and a care acquisition unit arranged on the shuttle trolley and capable of acquiring images of plants planted on the cultivation frame, wherein the care acquisition unit is capable of completing image acquisition of plants placed on the cultivation frame while following the shuttle trolley to move around the cultivation frame along a preset path; the processing module can mark plants with abnormal growth states in a mode of mutually comparing a plurality of plant images acquired by the care acquisition unit, so that the shuttle trolley can carry out secondary fixed-point inspection operation according to marking results, and the care acquisition unit and the monitoring module arranged on the shuttle trolley can carry out the acquisition of double heterogeneous verification data for marking the secondary verification of the plants. The drawbacks of this patent are: under the high-density multi-level environment of plant factory, this dolly can not complete collection plant's image, leads to its condition to the plant to appear misjudgement easily, especially for the plant factory that has the multistage level, the dolly can not gather the image of the plant that is located the top for to the detection of plant in the plant factory is incomplete, influences cultivation efficiency.
Furthermore, there are differences in one aspect due to understanding to those skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the applicant has studied a lot of documents and patents while making the present invention, the text is not limited to details and contents of all but it is by no means the present invention does not have these prior art features, but the present invention has all the prior art features, and the applicant remains in the background art to which the right of the related prior art is added.
Disclosure of Invention
The illumination of plants in the existing plant factories is supplemented by conventional LED illumination equipment, and the uniform scattering of illumination is realized by adopting the combination of LEDs and the like and a diffusion plate. While LED lighting affects the growth time, the fruiting time, etc. of plants. Since different maturity of plants affects the spectrum of illumination required by the plants, how to obtain accurate maturity of the plants is an important technical means if the growth cycle of the plants is shortened or the maturity of the plants is prolonged by changing the illumination spectrum, and especially how to efficiently and comprehensively judge the maturity of the plants is a problem which needs to be solved in the prior art under the condition that a large number of plants in different growth stages exist in a plant factory.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a plant growth regulating system based on plant reflection spectrum, which at least comprises the following components: the acquisition unit is used for acquiring plant images of plants; and the processing unit is used for acquiring the reflection spectrum of the plant at each pixel on each acquired plant image. Preferably, the processing unit is further configured to: calculating the maturity of the plant based on the acquired first and second wavelengths in the reflectance spectrum that vary with plant maturity; judging the type, growth stage and development degree of the plant based on the acquired plant image and the calculated maturity; the growth of the plant is promoted or inhibited based on the type, growth stage and degree of development of the plant obtained. The invention has the effect of cultivating plants in a mode at least meeting the plant cultivation requirement, and the type, the growth stage and the maturity of the plants can be accurately surface by processing the plant image. The invention can obtain the maturity of plants in a larger range within a short time without damage.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit is further configured to: judging at least one cultivation requirement of the plant based on the obtained plant type, growth stage and maturity; based on at least one cultivation requirement of the plant, and based on the spectral distribution of the lighting module, to promote or inhibit the growth of the plant. The present invention is directed to light modulation for the cultivation requirements of plants of different types, different growth stages and different maturity, which modulation can be either forward or reverse, thereby obtaining the desired plant cultivation process based on the actual cultivation requirements. The processing unit can reduce the light quantity of the lighting module based on the cultivation requirement so as to realize flower and fruit retardation, and simultaneously guarantee the plant quality.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit is configured to perform plant image processing and regulation of the illumination module as follows: correcting the acquired plant image and judging the type, growth stage and development degree of the plant; the spectral distribution required for plant growth is selected based on plant cultivation requirements traversed in a database, such that the lighting module is capable of light modulation based on the selected spectral distribution to promote or inhibit plant growth. The invention sets the collecting unit and the reflecting unit, reflects the incident light through the reflecting unit, thus obtaining the intensity of the light irradiated on the plant, and corrects the plant image obtained by the collecting unit through the proportion, so that the judgment of the pixels of the plant image is not affected by different wavelengths of the irradiated light source, and the processed plant image truly reflects the reflection spectrum of the plant, thereby obtaining the accurate maturity, type and growth stage of the plant.
According to a preferred embodiment, the first and second wavelengths are determined based on a preset reflectance spectrum of the phytochrome. Preferably, the spectral intensity of the first wavelength or the second wavelength is proportional to the porphyrin pigment or carotenoid pigment contained in the plant. The processing unit calculates the maturity of the plant based on at least one porphyrin pigment and at least one carotenoid pigment contained in the plant.
According to a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises: the imaging unit is used for increasing the angle of the plant image acquired by the acquisition unit; the acquisition unit is arranged vertically below the imaging unit to acquire a wide-angle plant image formed on the surface of the imaging unit, and the processing unit corrects the acquired plant image at least based on shape distortion of the imaging unit. As the existing plant factories mostly adopt a multi-level structure, namely a plurality of plants are arranged at different heights on the same floor area, the space of the plant factories is utilized to the maximum. This results in a limited living space for each plant, which is planted at a density that is the maximum density that will ensure proper plant growth. The conventional acquisition device is difficult to comprehensively acquire images of all plants, and particularly under the conditions of limited height and limited acquisition angle, the conventional acquisition device can acquire images of only a single plant. The resulting plant images obtained do not characterize the type, growth stage and maturity of all plants throughout the plant factory. In this regard, the present invention provides an imaging unit to increase the comprehensiveness of the plant image acquired by the acquisition unit. The angle of the collected plant image is increased in a specular reflection mode, so that the collected plant image comprises all plants in the plant factory, the type, growth stage and development degree of each plant in the plant factory can be comprehensively judged, and the plant image can be comprehensively obtained while the maximum planting density of the plant factory is realized. The imaging unit provides a range for acquiring plant images, solves the problem that the images are difficult to acquire due to high-density planting in the existing plant factories, and particularly, in the plant factories needing high-efficiency plant judgment, how to acquire the images of all plants in the plant factories quickly is an important technical means. The imaging unit can carry out nondestructive detection of the digital image through increasing the image acquisition angle, and provides the accuracy of judging the content of the plant pigment and the integrity of the image.
According to a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises a reflecting unit for reflecting the illumination of the plants emitted by the illumination module. Preferably, the processing unit corrects the acquired plant image based on the ratio of the reflected light intensity and the wavelength region of the reflecting unit before acquiring the reflection spectrum, so as to remove interference of the illumination wavelength of the illumination module on the acquired plant image. Existing lighting devices that vary spectrally within a plant factory make the acquired plant image different at each pixel, making it difficult to determine the maturity, type, and stage of growth of the plant. Therefore, the invention sets the reflecting unit to prevent the illumination emitted by the illumination module from affecting the plant image acquisition. The reflected light of the reflecting unit irradiates the imaging unit, the imaging unit forms an image and then the image is acquired through the acquisition unit, the intensity of the light incident on the receiving element of the acquisition unit is measured through different wavelength regions, so that the acquired plant image is corrected, image deviation caused by different illumination conditions, including color deviation and the like, is avoided, the problem that the color acquisition of the traditional digital image is easily influenced by illumination equipment or external illumination is solved, the finally acquired plant image can accurately reflect the type, growth stage and development degree of plants, the accuracy of judging the plant maturity through image description is provided, and the plant maturity in a larger range is obtained in a shorter time without damage.
According to a preferred embodiment, after the processing unit corrects the acquired plant image, the spectral intensity of the first wavelength of the processed plant image decreases with the maturity of the plant, wherein the processing unit calculates the maturity of the plant using the spectral intensities of the first wavelength and the second wavelength of the plant image acquired by the acquisition unit.
The invention relates to a plant growth regulating method based on plant reflection spectrum, which at least comprises the following steps: collecting plant images of plants; acquiring a reflection spectrum of the plant at each pixel on each acquired plant image; calculating the maturity of the plant based on the acquired first and second wavelengths in the reflectance spectrum that vary with plant maturity; judging the type, growth stage and development degree of the plant based on the acquired plant image and the calculated maturity; the growth of the plant is promoted or inhibited based on the type, growth stage and degree of development of the plant obtained.
According to a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises: judging at least one cultivation requirement of the plant based on the obtained plant type, growth stage and maturity; based on at least one cultivation requirement of the plant, and based on the spectral distribution of the lighting module, to promote or inhibit the growth of the plant.
According to a preferred embodiment, the method of performing plant image processing and regulation of the lighting module comprises: correcting the acquired plant image and judging the type, growth stage and development degree of the plant; the spectral distribution required for plant growth is selected based on plant cultivation requirements traversed in a database, such that the lighting module is capable of light modulation based on the selected spectral distribution to promote or inhibit plant growth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a plant growth regulating system based on plant reflectance spectra according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a simplified schematic structural diagram of an imaging unit and acquisition unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference numerals
1: a processing unit; 2: an acquisition unit; 3: a database; 4: an imaging unit; 5: a reflection unit; 6: and a lighting module.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The illumination of plants in the existing plant factories is supplemented by conventional LED illumination equipment, and the uniform scattering of illumination is realized by adopting the combination of LEDs and the like and a diffusion plate. While LED lighting affects the growth time, the fruiting time, etc. of plants. Since different maturity of plants affects the spectrum of illumination required by the plants, how to obtain accurate maturity of the plants is an important technical means if the growth cycle of the plants is shortened or the maturity of the plants is prolonged by changing the illumination spectrum, and especially how to efficiently and comprehensively judge the maturity of the plants is a problem which needs to be solved in the prior art under the condition that a large number of plants in different growth stages exist in a plant factory.
The maturity of a plant within a plant factory is determined based on the apparent color of the plant, and the illumination time, harvest time, etc. of the plant are determined based on the maturity. That is, the judgment of the appearance of the plant is judged by a worker having a long experience, thereby determining the illumination time, harvest time, etc. of the plant. In addition, the maturity of the plant can be judged from the aspect of the nutritional ingredients through destructive testing of the plant.
The illumination device in the traditional plant work can adjust the illumination parameters emitted by the illumination device even though the illumination device can adjust the illumination parameters, so that the emitted illumination spectrum accords with the spectrum which is most beneficial to the plant growth, but the illumination device cannot adapt to the rapid growth of the plant and the change of the environmental factors, so that the emitted illumination spectrum is not adjustable and is uncontrollable, and the plant is still not irradiated by the most beneficial illumination spectrum in each growth stage or different maturity of the plant. Under the above circumstances, how to efficiently judge the growth stage or maturity of plants is an urgent problem to be solved in the prior art. The existing lighting equipment cannot adjust parameters of illumination along with the change of plant growth stage or maturity, and the required growth conditions of different plants are different, and the stage to be shortened or accelerated is different, so that the illumination parameters of the lighting equipment cannot be effectively adjusted before the plant type, growth stage and maturity are not determined. Some studies have indicated that nondestructive inspection of plants is performed by taking digital images of plants, and pigment content of plants is obtained by correlation comparison between color information calculated from the images and pigment amounts of the plants. However, the technical means still have various problems such as low precision, incomplete plant image acquisition, image color affected by illumination of the illumination device, and the like.
The present invention relates to a plant growth regulating system and method based on plant reflection spectrum, and more particularly, to a plant growth regulating system and method for nondestructively acquiring a wide range of plant types, growth stages and maturity in a short time based on plant reflection spectrum.
According to a preferred embodiment, the system comprises an acquisition unit 2 for acquiring images of plants within the plant factory and a processing unit 1 for acquiring a reflection spectrum at each pixel within each image. The processing unit 1 calculates the pigment content of the plant from the first wavelength and the second wavelength in the acquired reflection spectrum which changes with the change of the plant maturity. Preferably, the processing unit 1 is configured to obtain a reflection spectrum with an increasing spectral intensity with increasing plant maturity, a first wavelength of the reflection spectrum and a second wavelength of the reflection spectrum. Preferably, the first wavelength and the second wavelength are determined based on a reflection spectrum of a plant pigment set in advance, and the reflection spectrum of the plant pigment has a constant spectral intensity with respect to the wavelength. The spectral intensity of the reflectance spectrum of the phytochrome has a change point that changes in area with increasing wavelength.
According to a preferred embodiment, the spectroscopic module further comprises an imaging unit 4 arranged in a broad range of the plant factory. The imaging unit 4 is capable of forming an image of a plant on a surface. The acquisition unit 2 acquires the plant image formed on the surface of the imaging unit 4, thereby acquiring images of all plants in a large range. Preferably, the imaging unit 4 is configured to increase the angle of the plant image acquired by the acquisition unit 2, so that the plant image acquired by the acquisition unit 2 contains all plants in the plant factory. Because the existing plant factories mostly adopt a multi-level structure, i.e. a plurality of plants are arranged at different heights on the same floor area, the space of the plant factories is utilized to the maximum. This results in a limited living space for each plant, which is planted at a density that is the maximum density that will ensure proper plant growth. The conventional acquisition device is difficult to comprehensively acquire images of all plants, and particularly under the conditions of limited height and limited acquisition angle, the conventional acquisition device can acquire images of only a single plant. The resulting plant images obtained do not characterize the type, growth stage and maturity of all plants throughout the plant factory. In this regard, the present invention provides the imaging unit 4 to increase the comprehensiveness of the plant image acquired by the acquisition unit 2. Preferably, the imaging unit 4 is arranged as a convex mirror and rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis, whereby a wide-angle image of the plant underneath is formed on the surface of the imaging unit 4. The acquisition unit 2 is disposed vertically below the imaging unit 4 to acquire a wide-angle plant image formed on the surface of the imaging unit 4. The wide-angle plant image formed by the imaging unit 4 is distorted. The processing unit 1 performs correction after acquiring an image thereof to convert the distorted plant image into an actually observed plant image. Preferably, the processing unit 1 corrects the acquired plant image based at least on the shape distortion of the imaging unit 4.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit 1 averages the several reflection spectra of the corrected plant image to obtain several first average spectra and the several first average spectra to obtain several second average spectra. Preferably, the processing unit 1 calculates a sum of integrated values of the first wavelength of the second average spectrum and a sum of integrated values of the second wavelength of the second average spectrum. Preferably, the processing unit 1 calculates the maturity of the plant based on a relational expression between the plant pigment content and the plant reflectance spectrum. Preferably, the above relational expression means that the maturity is equal to the difference between the second wavelength integrated value and the first wavelength integrated value divided by the sum of the second wavelength integrated value and the first wavelength integrated value. The formula is:
C＝(B-A)/(B+A)
wherein C is plant maturity, B is a second wavelength integral value of the second average spectrum, and A is a first wavelength integral value of the second average spectrum. Preferably, C is characterized not only by plant maturity but also by the content of plant pigments. For example, when C is characterized as β -carotene, the first wavelength can be a wavelength less than 550nm, preferably a wavelength of 505 to 515 nm. The second wavelength can be 550nm or more, preferably 645 to 665 nm. Specifically, C can be characterized as a porphyrin-type dye (porphyrin derivative chlorophyll) contained in a plant. The spectral intensity of the first wavelength can be increased according to an increase in the amount of porphyrin-type dye contained in the plant. In the present invention, the porphyrin-type dye can contain chlorophyll. Preferably, the spectral intensity of the second wavelength is affected by at least one of carotenoid pigments, flavonoid pigments, kallikrein pigments and betaine pigments contained in the plant. The spectral intensity of the second wavelength increases with the above pigment content. Preferably, the plant is characterized by its content of at least one carotenoid pigment and at least one porphyrin pigment as nutrients to describe the maturity of the plant by image. Preferably, where C is characterized as a pigment only, it refers to a carotenoid pigment or porphyrin pigment.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit 1 calculates an integrated value of the first wavelength and an integrated value of the second wavelength for characterizing the reflection spectrum of each pixel in the acquired image. The plant local maturity is calculated by a relational expression between the integrals for each pixel, and the local maturity for each pixel can be displayed in gray scale to acquire an image showing the plant local maturity level distribution. Preferably, the spectral intensity at the first wavelength increases with increasing maturity of each pixel of the acquired plant image. Preferably, the processing unit 1 alters the spectrum of the illumination of the plant based at least on the acquired maturity. The invention can obtain the maturity of plants in a larger range within a short time without damage.
The plant changes color at maturity for each pixel of its image. The plant contains at least one pigment with increasing content along with the maturity of the plant and at least one pigment with decreasing content along with the maturity of the plant. The acquisition unit 2 performs acquisition of an image by acquiring reflected light from an illuminated plant. At this time, the acquisition unit 2 acquires a reflection spectrum at each pixel of the acquired image. The acquisition unit 2 is capable of acquiring a reflection spectrum at 5nm intervals in a wavelength range of 350nm to 1050 nm. Preferably, the acquisition unit 2 acquires the plant image by combining the reflection spectrum of each pixel. Preferably, the acquisition unit 2 employs, for example, a hyperspectral camera. Preferably, the acquisition unit 2 is also capable of integrating complementary metal-semiconductor receiving elements. The receiving element is attached with an R filter, a G filter, and a B filter. The R filter can measure the intensity of the light beam in the wavelength range of 655±10nm, and the B filter can measure the intensity of the light beam in the wavelength range of 450±10 nm.
The acquisition of plant images by the acquisition unit 2 has the following defects: when the plant image is collected, the light source to be irradiated must be constant, that is, the spectrum distribution of the illumination provided by the illumination module 6 to the plant must be kept unchanged, so as to avoid that the illumination of different spectrum distributions causes the color of the collected plant image to change, and the color of each pixel and the feedback of the reflection spectrum are affected. The plant image obtained under the irradiation of white light can accurately show the relationship among the maturity, the type, the growth stage and the wavelength integral value of the plant. The plant image obtained without white light irradiation cannot be used for judging the maturity based on the plant reflection spectrum. For example, when the light source is mainly red light, it is impossible to determine whether the plant itself is changed to red or the light source is red-irradiated on the plant, resulting in reddening of the plant image. Existing lighting devices that vary spectrally within a plant factory make the acquired plant image different at each pixel, making it difficult to determine the maturity, type, and stage of growth of the plant. Therefore, the present invention provides the reflecting unit 5 to prevent the influence of the illumination emitted from the illumination module 6 on the plant image acquisition.
According to a preferred embodiment, the reflecting unit 5 is used for reflecting the illumination of the plants emitted by the illumination module. Preferably, the processing unit 1 corrects the plant image acquired from the acquisition unit 2 based on the ratio of the reflected light intensity and the wavelength region of the reflection unit 5. Preferably, the reflection unit 5 is divided into several areas, and each area is provided with a color filter for selectively reflecting different wavelength areas. Preferably, a number of reflecting units 5 are arranged between a number of plants. The reflecting unit 5 is divided into a plurality of regions, each of which is provided with a color filter to selectively reflect light beams of different wavelengths. The color filter may be coated by a method of depositing a material that selectively reflects a wavelength region. For example, a reflection unit 5 that reflects a blue filter of a light beam in a wavelength range of 450±10nm and a red filter of a light beam in a wavelength range of 655±10nm is used, whereby intensities of blue light and red light are obtained. Preferably, the reflected light of the reflecting unit 5 is irradiated to the imaging unit 4, and the imaging unit 4 forms an image and then the image is collected by the collecting unit 2, and the intensity of the light incident on the receiving element of the collecting unit 2 is measured by different wavelength regions, thereby correcting the obtained plant image. Preferably, the processing unit 1 corrects the acquired plant image based on the shape distortion of the imaging unit 4 and the reflected light ratio of the reflecting unit 5. The invention sets the collection unit 2 and the reflection unit 5, the intensity of the light irradiated on the plants is obtained by reflecting the incident light by the reflection unit 5, and then the plant image obtained by the collection unit 2 is corrected by the proportion, so that the judgment of the pixels of the plant image is not affected by the different wavelengths of the irradiated light sources, and the processed plant image truly reflects the reflection spectrum of the plants to obtain the accurate maturity, type and growth stage.
According to a preferred embodiment, after correction of the acquired plant image by the processing unit 1, the spectral intensity of the first wavelength of the processed plant image decreases as the plant matures. Preferably, the processing unit 1 calculates the maturity of the plant using the spectral intensities of the first and second wavelengths of the plant image acquired by the acquisition unit 2. The processing unit 1 may execute related instructions or programs by means of a general purpose central processing unit CPU (Central Processing Unit), an application specific integrated circuit ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a microprocessor, or one or more integrated circuits, etc. to implement the technical scheme of the present invention. Preferably, the spectral intensity of the first wavelength increases with increasing amount of porphyrin-type dye contained in the plant and decreases with decreasing content. Porphyrin-type dyes include chlorophyll, which decreases as plants mature. Preferably, the spectral intensity of the second wavelength corresponds to any carotenoid pigments, flavonoid pigments, quinine pigments and betaine pigments contained in the plant, which increase with increasing content and decrease with decreasing content. The pigments increase with the maturation of the plant.
According to a preferred embodiment, the illumination module 6 illuminates plants within the plant factory and the plant image is acquired by the acquisition unit 2. Preferably, the processing unit 1 acquires a reflection spectrum at each pixel of the plant image. Preferably, the processing unit 1 is capable of correcting the collected plant image by the reflected light of the reflecting unit 5 before acquiring the reflection spectrum, and removing the influence of the illumination wavelength of the illumination module 6 on the collected plant image to acquire the plant image more accurately. Preferably, the processing unit 1 extracts the processing region from the acquired plant image. Preferably, the processing unit 1 automatically extracts an entire image of the sample as a processing area using known image processing. Preferably, the processing unit 1 calculates the maturity of the whole sample. Preferably, the worker can designate an arbitrary area of the plant image as the processing area. Preferably, the processing unit 1 averages several reflection spectra acquired in the extracted processing region to acquire an average spectrum. Preferably, the processing unit 1 calculates an integrated value of a first wavelength of the average spectrum and an integrated value of a second wavelength of the average spectrum. Preferably, the processing unit 1 calculates the plant maturity by a relational expression between the predetermined first wavelength integral value, the second wavelength integral value, and the plant maturity. Preferably, the maturity is a value between-1 and +1, and the plant maturity is higher as the maturity is closer to 1. The local maturity refers to the maturity of each pixel of the plant image.
Preferably, the processing unit 1 corrects the acquired plant image based on the reflected light proportion of the reflecting unit 5. The method is characterized in that: if the ratio of the plant image collected by the collecting unit 2 is R: G: b=4:0.5:1.5, a part of pixels of the plant image is judged to be red. But the ratio of reflected light reflected by the reflecting unit 5 is R: G: b=8:1:3. The colors of the plant image are corrected by this ratio as: r: G: B=0.5:0.5:0.5, whereby an actual image of the plant is obtained, and on the basis of this, judgment of type, growth stage and maturity is made. Preferably, the processing unit 1 judges the chlorophyll content of the plant based on the amount of the phytoporphyrin-type dye in the obtained plant image, thereby analyzing the growth condition and maturity of the plant. Preferably, the lighting module 6 can be a combination of LED lamps of respective wavelengths mixed in a certain proportion. The illumination module 6 provides illumination of the spectral distribution required for plant growth. Specifically, the lighting module 6 can be arranged with three-color LED lamps of red, blue and white, and the provision of illumination of different wavelengths is achieved by the start and stop of the LED lamps.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit 1 obtains the type, growth status and maturity of the plant based on the plant image and obtains the required spectral distribution corresponding to the type, growth status and maturity from the database 3 to control the illumination module 6 to provide illumination of the corresponding spectral distribution. After judging the type, growth stage and maturity of the plant, the processing unit 1 controls the illumination module 6 to illuminate the corresponding spectral distribution. In the present invention, the regulation of the illumination during plant growth is important for the growth of plants, especially for the cultivation process of plants of different types, different growth stages and different maturity. The following steps are therefore given: the processing unit 1 determines at least one cultivation requirement of the plant based on the obtained plant type, growth stage and maturity; the processing unit 1 is based on at least one cultivation requirement of the plants and on the spectral distribution of the lighting modules 6 to promote or inhibit the growth of the plants.
Preferably, in the case of several acquisition units 2 acquiring plant images, the processing unit 1 performs correction processing on the acquired plant images and determines the type, growth stage and maturity of the plant, so as to select a spectral distribution required for plant growth based on plant cultivation requirements traversed in the database 3, so that the lighting module 6 can perform light adjustment based on the selected spectral distribution to promote or inhibit plant growth. The above-mentioned cultivation need refers to the fundamental purpose of cultivating plants of this type. For example, the plant is kept in the flowering phase for mass pollination, the plant is allowed to enter the fruiting phase at a point in time for harvesting, and the time for the plant to enter the fruiting phase is prolonged for fruiting at a non-fruiting time. Specifically, for example, lettuce can have reduced eating quality and value after flowering, thereby serving as a breeding goal to delay the time it takes to enter the flowering phase, rather than being at a single destination to shorten the plant growth cycle. For example, the time for the plant to enter the fruiting period is delayed to perform fruiting in a proper market sales window, so that excessive fruit stocking is avoided. In this regard, the present invention is based on the need to cultivate plants, rather than "one-shot" as in the existing plant factory cultivation process, considering only the shortening of the plant growth cycle. The present invention is directed to light modulation for the cultivation requirements of plants of different types, different growth stages and different maturity, which modulation can be either forward or reverse, thereby obtaining the desired plant cultivation process based on the actual cultivation requirements. The processing unit 1 can reduce the light quantity of the lighting module 6 based on the cultivation requirement to realize flower and fruit retardation, and simultaneously guarantee the plant quality.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processing unit 1 regulates the illumination parameters of the illumination module 6 under a predetermined spectral distribution in accordance with at least one cultivation requirement of the plants in the plant factory. Specifically, the processing unit 1 modulates the artificial light beam emitted by the illumination module 6 to meet the cultivation requirement of the plant. The processing unit 1 adjusts the spectral distribution of the lighting module 6 by promoting or inhibiting the growth of the plant. The processing unit 1 acquires the plant type, growth stage and maturity in the plant factory by processing the plant image, thereby jointly judging at least one cultivation purpose of the plant and regulating the artificial light beam of the illumination module 6. The processing unit 1 selectively drives the lighting module 6 to promote or inhibit the growth of plants based on at least one cultivation objective of the plants. The invention has the effect of cultivating plants in a mode at least meeting the plant cultivation requirement, and the type, the growth stage and the maturity of the plants can be accurately surface by processing the plant image.
Throughout this document, the word "preferably" is used in a generic sense to mean only one alternative, and not to be construed as necessarily required, so that the applicant reserves the right to forego or delete the relevant preferred feature at any time.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are exemplary, and that a person skilled in the art, in light of the present disclosure, may devise various solutions that fall within the scope of the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present description and drawings are illustrative and not limiting to the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The description of the invention encompasses multiple inventive concepts, such as "preferably," "according to a preferred embodiment," or "optionally," all means that the corresponding paragraph discloses a separate concept, and that the applicant reserves the right to filed a divisional application according to each inventive concept.
Claims (10)
1. A plant growth regulating system based on plant reflectance spectroscopy, comprising at least:
an acquisition unit (2) for acquiring a plant image of a plant;
-a processing unit (1) for acquiring a reflectance spectrum of the plant at each pixel on top of each acquired plant image, wherein the processing unit (1) is further configured to:
calculating the maturity of the plant based on the acquired first and second wavelengths in the reflectance spectrum that vary with plant maturity;
judging the type, growth stage and development degree of the plant based on the acquired plant image and the calculated maturity;
the growth of the plant is promoted or inhibited based on the type, growth stage and degree of development of the plant obtained.
2. Plant growth regulating system based on plant reflection spectroscopy according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing unit (1) is further configured to:
judging at least one cultivation requirement of the plant based on the obtained plant type, growth stage and maturity; based on at least one cultivation requirement of the plant, and based on the spectral distribution of the lighting module (6) to promote or inhibit the growth of the plant.
3. Plant growth regulating system based on plant reflection spectroscopy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the processing unit (1) is configured to perform plant image processing and regulation of the lighting module (6) in the following way:
correcting the acquired plant image and judging the type, growth stage and development degree of the plant; a spectral distribution required for plant growth is selected based on plant cultivation requirements traversed in a database (3), such that the lighting module (6) is capable of light modulation based on the selected spectral distribution to promote or inhibit plant growth.
4. A plant growth regulating system based on plant reflection spectrum according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the first wavelength and the second wavelength are determined based on reflection spectrum of plant pigment set in advance, wherein,
the spectral intensity of the first wavelength or the second wavelength is proportional to the porphyrin pigment or carotenoid pigment contained in the plant,
the processing unit (1) calculates the maturity of the plant based on at least one porphyrin pigment and at least one carotenoid pigment contained in the plant.
5. A plant growth regulating system based on plant reflection spectroscopy according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:
an imaging unit (4) for increasing the angle of the plant image acquired by the acquisition unit (2);
the acquisition unit (2) is arranged vertically below the imaging unit (4) to acquire a wide-angle plant image formed on the surface of the imaging unit (4), and the processing unit (1) corrects the acquired plant image at least based on shape distortion of the imaging unit (4).
6. Plant growth regulating system based on plant reflection spectroscopy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises a reflecting unit (5) for reflecting the illumination of the plant emitted by the illumination module, wherein,
the processing unit (1) corrects the acquired plant image based on the ratio of the reflected light intensity and the wavelength region of the reflecting unit (5) before acquiring the reflection spectrum to remove the interference of the illumination wavelength of the illumination module (6) on the acquired plant image.
7. Plant growth regulating system based on plant reflection spectroscopy according to any of the claims 1-6, characterized in that after the processing unit (1) corrects the acquired plant image, the spectral intensity of the first wavelength of the processed plant image decreases with the maturity of the plant, wherein the processing unit (1) calculates the maturity of the plant using the spectral intensities of the first wavelength and the second wavelength of the plant image acquired by the acquisition unit (2).
8. A method for regulating plant growth based on reflectance spectra of plants, said method comprising at least:
collecting plant images of plants;
acquiring a reflection spectrum of the plant at each pixel on each acquired plant image;
calculating the maturity of the plant based on the acquired first and second wavelengths in the reflectance spectrum that vary with plant maturity;
judging the type, growth stage and development degree of the plant based on the acquired plant image and the calculated maturity;
the growth of the plant is promoted or inhibited based on the type, growth stage and degree of development of the plant obtained.
9. The plant growth regulating method based on plant reflectance spectroscopy according to claim 8, further comprising:
judging at least one cultivation requirement of the plant based on the obtained plant type, growth stage and maturity; based on at least one cultivation requirement of the plant, and based on the spectral distribution of the lighting module (6) to promote or inhibit the growth of the plant.
10. Plant growth regulating method based on plant reflection spectroscopy according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the method of performing plant image processing and regulation of the lighting module (6) comprises:
correcting the acquired plant image and judging the type, growth stage and development degree of the plant; a spectral distribution required for plant growth is selected based on plant cultivation requirements traversed in a database (3), such that the lighting module (6) is capable of light modulation based on the selected spectral distribution to promote or inhibit plant growth.
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| CN202310649702.1A Pending CN116897723A (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2023-06-02 | Light source arrangement system and method based on plant photosensitive gene regulation |
| CN202310685548.3A Pending CN116746390A (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2023-06-09 | Plant growth regulation system and method based on plant reflection spectrum |
| CN202310685565.7A Pending CN116548203A (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2023-06-09 | Light source adjusting system and method based on plant light energy absorptivity |
| CN202310722977.3A Pending CN116569826A (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2023-06-16 | Plant cultivation system and method containing root microorganisms |
| CN202310719478.9A Pending CN116818768A (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2023-06-16 | System and method for confirming influencing factors of diseased plants |
| CN202310751919.3A Pending CN116779029A (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2023-06-25 | Breeding screening system and method based on phenotype expression |
| CN202310753288.9A Pending CN116820002A (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2023-06-25 | Screening system and method for directional cultivation of plants |
| CN202310795550.6A Pending CN116616164A (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2023-06-30 | Aeroponic culture device |
| CN202310795551.0A Pending CN116868878A (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2023-06-30 | Aeroponic cultivation system and method based on air circulation |
| CN202310812494.2A Pending CN116569712A (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2023-07-04 | Seeding device and method for adjusting seed landfill depth |
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