CN116733101A - Construction method for multiple galleries between buildings with large height difference - Google Patents
Construction method for multiple galleries between buildings with large height difference Download PDFInfo
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- CN116733101A CN116733101A CN202310745087.4A CN202310745087A CN116733101A CN 116733101 A CN116733101 A CN 116733101A CN 202310745087 A CN202310745087 A CN 202310745087A CN 116733101 A CN116733101 A CN 116733101A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and discloses a multi-corridor construction method between large-height-difference buildings, which comprises the following steps: determining a main stress layer in each corridor according to the design position of each corridor; pre-assembling the main stress layer and the corridors of all layers above the main stress layer to form a corridors assembly body; lifting and mounting the assembly body of the corridor at the corresponding design position of each corridor; reserving lower hanging column brackets with set length on truss lower chords of the main stress layer corridor; and the components of each layer of corridor below the main stress layer are hoisted in a sectional manner from two sides to the middle, and the components hoisted in a sectional manner are assembled at the corresponding design positions of each layer of corridor below the main stress layer. According to the invention, different construction methods are adopted to carry out sectional construction on the multi-layer corridor, so that the influence on the station position of the crane due to insufficient bearing capacity of the top plate of the basement is avoided; through reserving the bracket of the hanging column, the phenomenon that the lower hanging column cannot be vertically hoisted is avoided, the construction difficulty is reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction period is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a multi-corridor construction method between buildings with large height difference.
Background
The corridor is a connecting structure between the buildings, is convenient for connection between the two buildings, and meets the requirements of building modeling and using functions. At present, the corridor construction mostly adopts a high-altitude scattered splicing method, an integral hoisting method, an integral lifting method, a cantilever installation method and the like. The gallery is mostly steel construction gallery, comprises truss and steel girder, assembles highly, and weight is heavier. When the multi-layer corridor is constructed among the buildings and the roof of the basement is arranged below the corridor, the crane type of the operation in the corridor area is limited under the influence of the bearing capacity of the basement, if the corridor is constructed by adopting a high-altitude scattered splicing method, the corridor is high and the crane type is smaller, the truss is small in section and large in quantity, and the construction requirements such as the field construction period, the quality and the cost are not met. If the integral assembling lifting method is adopted for construction, the overall assembling height of the corridor is higher and the load is heavier, the reinforcement of the reinforcing rod pieces is additionally added, the requirements of quality, cost control and other construction are not met, and the integrally assembled elevation truss can influence the assembling of the steel beams among trusses.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems, the invention aims to provide a multi-corridor construction method between large-height buildings, which solves the problems that in the prior art, the corridor assembly height is high during multi-corridor construction, and the existing construction method is difficult to meet the construction requirement due to site limitation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a construction method of multiple galleries among buildings with large height difference, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, determining a main stress layer in each corridor according to the design position of each corridor;
s2, assembling the main stress layer and the corridors of all layers above the main stress layer in advance to form a corridors assembly;
s3, lifting and installing the gallery assembly body at the corresponding design position of each gallery;
s4, reserving lower hanging column brackets with set lengths on truss lower chords of the main stress layer corridor;
and S5, sectionally hoisting the components of each layer of corridor below the main stress layer in a manner of backing from two sides to the middle, and splicing the sectionally hoisted components at the design positions corresponding to each layer of corridor below the main stress layer.
Preferably, the step S2 includes:
s21, arranging an assembling jig frame;
step S22, sequentially assembling the main stress layer and the corridors of all layers above the main stress layer from bottom to top on the assembling jig frame.
Preferably, in the step S22, when the galleries are assembled, the truss chords of the galleries are assembled first, then the secondary beams between the truss chords are assembled, and then the truss web members of the galleries are assembled.
Preferably, the step S5 includes:
s51, hoisting a first suspension post from the left side of the corridor assembly;
step S52, sequentially installing all layers of steel beams below the main stress layer between two first suspension columns according to the direction from bottom to top; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
Step S53, repeating the step S51 and the step S52 according to the direction from the left side to the middle until the assembly is completed by 1/2 of the length of the corridor;
s54, hoisting a second hanging column from the other side of the corridor assembly;
step S55, sequentially installing all layers of steel beams below the main stress layer between two second suspension columns according to the direction from bottom to top;
step S56, repeating the step S54 and the step S55 according to the direction from the right side to the middle side until the second lifting column is adjacent to the first lifting column after the lifting is completed;
and step S57, installing the steel beams of each layer below the main stress layer between the second hanging columns and the adjacent first hanging columns in the step S56 from bottom to top.
Preferably, the step S3 includes:
lifting hanging points are arranged on buildings on two sides connected with the corridor, and lifting oil cylinders are arranged on the lifting hanging points;
arranging a lower lifting point corresponding to the upper lifting point on the main stress layer corridor;
and connecting the upper lifting hanging point with the corresponding lower lifting hanging point by using a steel strand, and lifting the corridor assembly body through a lifting oil cylinder.
Preferably, box brackets are welded on two sides of the truss lower chord member of the main stress layer corridor to serve as lower lifting hanging points, and mounting holes for the steel strands to pass through for anchoring are formed in the box brackets.
Preferably, when the vestibule is connected to a structural beam of a building, a lifting beam is arranged on the structural beam, the end part of the lifting beam extends out of the structural beam, an upper lifting point is arranged at the extending end of the lifting beam, and a lifting oil cylinder is arranged on the upper surface of the lifting beam.
Preferably, when the vestibule is connected to a structural column of a building, steel structure brackets are arranged on the structural column of the building, lifting brackets are arranged on two sides of the steel structure brackets, upper lifting hanging points are arranged on the lifting brackets, mounting holes for steel strands to pass through for anchoring are formed in the lifting brackets, and lifting cylinders are arranged on the lifting brackets.
Preferably, a horizontal stay bar is arranged below the steel structure bracket, the horizontal stay bar is fixed with the structural column, an inclined stay bar is fixed at the lower side of the steel structure bracket, the end part of the inclined stay bar is fixed at the connecting point of the horizontal stay bar and the structural column, and the inclined stay bar, the steel structure bracket and the structural column form a triangular structure.
Preferably, in the step S3, the trial lifting is performed before the overall lifting of the vestibule assembly, and when the trial lifting is performed, the vestibule assembly is loaded in proportion in a grading manner until the vestibule assembly is completely lifted off the ground;
and (3) suspending after the corridor assembly body is lifted to a set height, continuing to lift to a position below a designed position by a set distance after the corridor assembly body is stopped to stagnate in the air for a set period of time, and lifting the corridor assembly body to the designed position after point-by-point adjustment is performed on each lifting point.
Compared with the prior art, the construction method of the large-height-difference inter-building multi-gallery has the beneficial effects that:
according to the construction method for the large-height-difference multi-corridor among buildings, the positions of main stress layer corridors in the plurality of corridors are determined, the positions of the main stress layer corridors are taken as dividing lines, the main stress layer and the corridors of all layers above the main stress layer are assembled into a whole in advance, and a total lifting and hoisting method is used for lifting the corridor assembly to a set position; and then constructing all layers of corridors below the main stress layer by adopting a high-altitude scattered splicing method. The multi-layer gallery is constructed in a segmented mode by adopting different construction methods, so that the whole lifting load is reduced, and a large-tonnage crane is avoided, thereby avoiding the influence on the crane station due to insufficient bearing capacity of a top plate of a basement, and ensuring that the use place of the crane is not limited; and when the corridor of each layer below the main stress layer is spliced in a scattered way at high altitude, the bracket of the hanging column is reserved on the truss lower chord member of the corridor of the main stress layer, so that the situation that the hanging column cannot be connected to the bottom of the truss lower chord in a vertical hoisting mode due to the limitation of the structure of the corridor spliced body of which the upper part is lifted is avoided, the construction difficulty is reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, the construction period is shortened, and the construction cost and the labor cost are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a multi-corridor construction method between large-height-difference buildings according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a truss bottom chord pre-reserved hanging column bracket in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an under-corridor lifting sling point in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the present invention showing an upper lifting point;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic view of the lifting point in the embodiment of the present invention;
in the drawing the view of the figure,
1. a truss lower chord; 2. a hanging column bracket; 3. a box bracket; 4. temporary diagonal braces; 5. steel strand; 6. a structural beam; 7. lifting the beam; 8. a lifting cylinder; 9. a structural column; 10. steel structural corbels; 11. lifting the bracket; 12. a horizontal brace; 13. and (5) an inclined strut.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the construction method of multiple galleries between buildings with large height difference in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1, determining the position of a main stress layer corridor in each corridor according to the design position of each corridor, wherein the position of the main stress layer corridor is arranged at the middle layer position of the multilayer corridor, and the main stress layer corridor is used for bearing the pressure generated by each corridor at the upper part and resisting the tensile force of each corridor at the lower part, so that the requirement of the structural stress and the building effect are met;
s2, assembling the main stress layer and the corridors of all layers above the main stress layer in advance to form a corridors assembly;
s3, integrally lifting and installing the corridor assembly at the corresponding design position of each corridor, and lifting the corridor assembly in an integral lifting manner by using a crane;
step S4, reserving lower hanging column brackets 2 with set lengths on truss lower chords 1 of the main stress layer corridor, conveniently pulling hanging columns in place from the side surfaces of the hanging column brackets 2 through a manual hoist, guaranteeing the safe distance when the lower hanging columns are installed, and avoiding difficult installation caused by the fact that the lower hanging columns are limited by upper corridor assembly bodies and cannot be vertically hoisted;
and S5, sectionally hoisting components of each layer of corridor below the main stress layer in a manner of backing from two sides to the middle, and splicing the sectionally hoisted components at the corresponding design positions of each layer of corridor below the main stress layer, wherein the components of the corridor comprise hanging columns and steel beams arranged between the hanging columns.
In the invention, the main stress layer and the corridors of all layers above the main stress layer are assembled into a whole in advance by taking the positions of the main stress layer and the corridors as boundaries, and the corridors are lifted to the set positions by an integral lifting method; and then constructing all layers of corridors below the main stress layer by adopting a high-altitude scattered splicing method. The multi-layer gallery is constructed in a segmented mode by adopting different construction methods, so that the whole lifting load is reduced, and a large-tonnage crane is avoided, thereby avoiding the influence on the crane station due to insufficient bearing capacity of a top plate of a basement, and ensuring that the use place of the crane is not limited; and when the main atress layer below each layer vestibule is pieced together in the high altitude, hang hanging column bracket 2 in advance at the truss bottom chord member 1 of main atress layer vestibule to avoid hanging the hanging column and can't connect in truss bottom chord bottom through the mode of vertical hoisting because of receiving the vestibule assembly body structure restriction that the top has promoted the completion, reduce the construction degree of difficulty, improve construction efficiency, shorten construction period, reduce construction cost and cost of labor.
In this embodiment, the step S2 includes:
s21, arranging an assembling jig frame; the assembly jig frame is a roadbed box, the roadbed box has enough rigidity, the corridor load can be uniformly distributed on a stressed foundation when the assembly is performed, a plurality of upright posts are arranged on the roadbed box and used for supporting the lower chord member 1 of the corridor truss, diagonal bracing angle steel is arranged between the upright posts and the surface of the roadbed box, the upright posts, the roadbed box and the diagonal bracing angle steel form a triangular support structure, and the corridor assembly body is stably supported;
step S22, sequentially assembling the main stress layer and the corridors of all layers above the main stress layer from bottom to top on the assembling jig frame.
Further, in the step S22, when the galleries are assembled, the truss chords of the galleries are assembled first, then the secondary beams between the truss chords are assembled, and then the truss web members of the galleries are assembled. During concrete construction, firstly assembling truss chords, secondary beams and truss web members of a main stress layer corridor, mounting the truss chords of a layer of corridor on the main stress layer on the truss cover of the main stress layer corridor, and then sequentially assembling the secondary beams and the truss web members of the layer corridor until the secondary beams of the uppermost layer corridor are assembled. When the butt welding of the truss chords is carried out, the fracture positions of the adjacent segmented chords are fixed by adopting temporary clamping codes, the web members are welded after the chord members are welded, and the welding sequence of each small segment is that two sides of the center box are welded in a back-stepping mode.
In this embodiment, the step S3 includes:
arranging lifting hanging points on buildings on two sides connected with the corridor, and arranging lifting oil cylinders 8 on the lifting hanging points;
arranging a lower lifting point corresponding to the upper lifting point on the main stress layer corridor;
and the steel strand 5 is used for connecting an upper lifting hanging point with a corresponding lower lifting hanging point, and the gallery assembly body is lifted through the lifting oil cylinder 8. It should be noted that, the lifting cylinder 8, the steel strand 5, the hydraulic pump station, the control component and the like together form a hydraulic lifting system, which is not described in detail.
In this embodiment, four upper lifting hanging points and four lower lifting hanging points are respectively arranged, two upper lifting hanging points are respectively arranged at intervals on one side of the building, two lower lifting hanging points are respectively arranged at intervals on two sides of the main stress layer corridor, the four upper lifting hanging points are in rectangular distribution, and correspondingly, the four lower lifting hanging points are in rectangular distribution. The upper lifting hanging point and the corresponding lower lifting hanging point are positioned on the same vertical line, so that the vertical lifting corridor assembly body is ensured.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, box brackets 3 are welded on two sides of the truss lower chord member 1 of the main stress layer corridor, the lower lifting hanging point is arranged on the box brackets 3, and the box brackets 3 are provided with mounting holes for the steel strands 5 to pass through for anchoring. Further, in order to ensure that the stress and deformation of the truss bottom chord member 1 meet the requirements, a temporary diagonal brace 4 is additionally arranged on the main stress layer corridor, one end of the temporary diagonal brace 4 is fixed at the truss bottom chord member 1 between the two box brackets 3, and the other end of the temporary diagonal brace 4 can be fixed at the truss bottom chord member 1 of the corridor on the main stress layer.
According to the different types of the structural support of the corridor, two modes can be adopted for lifting the lifting point. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, when the gallery is connected to the structural beam 6 of the building, a lifting beam 7 is provided on the structural beam 6, the end of the lifting beam 7 extends out of the structural beam 6, an upper lifting point is provided at the extending end of the lifting beam 7, and a lifting cylinder 8 is provided on the upper surface of the lifting beam 7. When the vestibule is connected with the structural beam 6, the upper area of the structural beam 6 is limited, the lifting oil cylinder 8 can not be directly arranged on the structural beam 6, the lifting oil cylinder 8 is arranged by utilizing the extending end of the lifting beam 7 through arranging the lifting beam 7 on the structural beam 6, and the normal lifting of the vestibule assembly body is ensured. Two lifting beams 7 are arranged at each upper lifting point, the two lifting beams 7 are arranged in parallel, lifting cylinders 8 are uniformly distributed at the extending end of each lifting beam 7, and stability of a lifting structure is guaranteed.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 5, when the vestibule is connected to the structural column 9 of the building, the steel structure bracket 10 is arranged on the structural column 9 of the building, the lifting brackets 11 are arranged on two sides of the steel structure bracket 10, the lifting hanging points are arranged on the lifting brackets 11, the lifting brackets 11 are provided with mounting holes for the steel strands 5 to pass through for anchoring, the lifting cylinder 8 is arranged on the lifting brackets 11, the lifting brackets 11 and the steel structure bracket 10 are formed by welding outside through an operation frame by operators, the operation is convenient, the lifting hanging points are firm, the overall lifting of the vestibule assembly is convenient, and the structural column 9 of the building is not damaged. Further, a horizontal stay bar 12 is arranged below the steel structure bracket 10, the horizontal stay bar 12 is fixed with the structural column 9, an inclined stay bar 13 is fixed at the lower side of the steel structure bracket 10, the end part of the inclined stay bar 13 is fixed at the connection point of the horizontal stay bar 12 and the structural column 9, and the inclined stay bar 13, the steel structure bracket 10 and the structural column 9 form a triangular structure, so that the safety and stability of the lifting process are ensured.
In this embodiment, in the step S3, before the overall assembly of the vestibule is lifted, the assembly is lifted, and during the lifting, the assembly is loaded in steps according to a proportion until the assembly of the vestibule is completely lifted off the ground, for example, the assembly is loaded in steps according to a proportion of 20%, 40%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% and 100%; and (3) suspending after the corridor assembly body is lifted to a set height, wherein the set height can be 100mm, the set time is 24 hours after the air stagnates for a set time period, then the corridor assembly body is continuously lifted to a position below a designed position by a set distance, lifting is stopped, and after point-by-point adjustment is performed on each lifting point, the corridor assembly body is integrally lifted to the designed position. Deformation of each structural member of the lifting structure can be guaranteed to be in a design allowable range through trial lifting, and timely adjustment is facilitated.
In this embodiment, adopt the mode of moving back in proper order from left and right sides to centre to carry out the high altitude assembly to each layer vestibule below the main atress layer, when installing every segmentation, install according to the order of hoist and mount the davit earlier, then follow supreme girder steel of installing down, convenient construction. Specifically, the step S5 includes:
s51, hoisting a first suspension post from the left side of the corridor assembly;
step S52, sequentially installing all layers of steel beams below the main stress layer between two first suspension columns according to the direction from bottom to top;
step S53, repeating the step S51 and the step S52 according to the direction from the left side to the middle until the assembly is completed by 1/2 of the length of the corridor;
s54, hoisting a second hanging column from the other side of the corridor assembly;
step S55, sequentially installing all layers of steel beams below the main stress layer between two second suspension columns according to the direction from bottom to top;
step S56, repeating the step S54 and the step S55 according to the direction from the right side to the middle side until the second lifting column is adjacent to the first lifting column after the lifting is completed;
and step S57, installing the steel beams of each layer below the main stress layer between the second hanging columns and the adjacent first hanging columns in the step S56 from bottom to top.
The first hanging columns and the second hanging columns are hung on lower hanging column brackets 2 reserved on the lower chord member 1 of the main stress layer vestibule truss.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The construction method of the multi-corridor among the large-height-difference buildings is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, determining a main stress layer in each corridor according to the design position of each corridor;
s2, assembling the main stress layer and the corridors of all layers above the main stress layer in advance to form a corridors assembly;
s3, lifting and installing the gallery assembly body at the corresponding design position of each gallery;
s4, reserving lower hanging column brackets with set lengths on truss lower chords of the main stress layer corridor;
and S5, sectionally hoisting the components of each layer of corridor below the main stress layer in a manner of backing from two sides to the middle, and splicing the sectionally hoisted components at the design positions corresponding to each layer of corridor below the main stress layer.
2. The method for constructing multiple inter-building galleries according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 comprises:
s21, arranging an assembling jig frame;
step S22, sequentially assembling the main stress layer and the corridors of all layers above the main stress layer from bottom to top on the assembling jig frame.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step S22, when the gallery is assembled, the truss chords of the gallery are assembled first, then the secondary beams between the truss chords are assembled, and then the truss web members of the gallery are assembled.
4. The method for constructing multiple inter-building galleries according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 comprises:
s51, hoisting a first suspension post from the left side of the corridor assembly;
step S52, sequentially installing all layers of steel beams below the main stress layer between two first suspension columns according to the direction from bottom to top;
step S53, repeating the step S51 and the step S52 according to the direction from the left side to the middle until the assembly is completed by 1/2 of the length of the corridor;
s54, hoisting a second hanging column from the other side of the corridor assembly;
step S55, sequentially installing all layers of steel beams below the main stress layer between two second suspension columns according to the direction from bottom to top;
step S56, repeating the step S54 and the step S55 according to the direction from the right side to the middle side until the second lifting column is adjacent to the first lifting column after the lifting is completed;
and step S57, installing the steel beams of each layer below the main stress layer between the second hanging columns and the adjacent first hanging columns in the step S56 from bottom to top.
5. The method for constructing multiple inter-building galleries according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 comprises:
lifting hanging points are arranged on buildings on two sides connected with the corridor, and lifting oil cylinders are arranged on the lifting hanging points;
arranging a lower lifting point corresponding to the upper lifting point on the main stress layer corridor;
and connecting the upper lifting hanging point with the corresponding lower lifting hanging point by using a steel strand, and lifting the corridor assembly body through a lifting oil cylinder.
6. The construction method of multiple corridors between large-height buildings according to claim 5, wherein box brackets are welded on two sides of the truss lower chord member of the main stress layer corridor to serve as lower lifting hanging points, and mounting holes for steel strands to pass through for anchoring are formed in the box brackets.
7. The construction method of multiple galleries between buildings with large height difference according to claim 5, wherein when the galleries are connected to the structural beams of the buildings, lifting beams are arranged on the structural beams, the ends of the lifting beams outwards extend out of the structural beams, upper lifting hanging points are arranged at the extending ends of the lifting beams, and lifting cylinders are arranged on the upper surfaces of the lifting beams.
8. The construction method of multiple corridors between large-height buildings according to claim 5, wherein when the corridors are connected to structural columns of the buildings, steel structural brackets are arranged on the structural columns of the buildings, lifting brackets are arranged on two sides of the steel structural brackets, upper lifting hanging points are arranged on the lifting brackets, mounting holes for steel strands to penetrate through for anchoring are arranged on the lifting brackets, and lifting cylinders are arranged on the lifting brackets.
9. The multi-gallery construction method between large-height buildings according to claim 8, wherein a horizontal brace rod is arranged below the steel structure bracket, the horizontal brace rod is fixed with the structure column, an inclined brace rod is fixed on the lower side of the steel structure bracket, the end part of the inclined brace rod is fixed at the connection point of the horizontal brace rod and the structure column, and the inclined brace rod, the steel structure bracket and the structure column form a triangular structure.
10. The construction method of multiple galleries between buildings with large height difference according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, test lifting is performed before the gallery assembly is lifted integrally, and when test lifting is performed, the gallery assembly is loaded in proportion in a grading manner until the gallery assembly is lifted completely;
and (3) suspending after the corridor assembly body is lifted to a set height, continuing to lift to a position below a designed position by a set distance after the corridor assembly body is stopped to stagnate in the air for a set period of time, and lifting the corridor assembly body to the designed position after point-by-point adjustment is performed on each lifting point.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310745087.4A CN116733101A (en) | 2023-06-21 | 2023-06-21 | Construction method for multiple galleries between buildings with large height difference |
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| CN202310745087.4A CN116733101A (en) | 2023-06-21 | 2023-06-21 | Construction method for multiple galleries between buildings with large height difference |
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