CN116723822A - 提供个性化益处的原脂质组合物及其使用方法 - Google Patents
提供个性化益处的原脂质组合物及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116723822A CN116723822A CN202180087009.9A CN202180087009A CN116723822A CN 116723822 A CN116723822 A CN 116723822A CN 202180087009 A CN202180087009 A CN 202180087009A CN 116723822 A CN116723822 A CN 116723822A
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- fatty acids
- skin
- acid
- ceramides
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Abstract
本发明涉及能穿透角质层的原脂质(prolipid)组合物。更具体地,本发明涉及原脂质组合物,其通过快速恢复皮肤的天然脂质平衡来提供个性化的益处。这样的组合物导致在角质层深处中的和在透明层的表面附近的延伸的脂肪酸和/或脂质生成。所述组合物至少包含脂肪酸、脂肪酯和/或酰基甘油以及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的活化剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及穿透角质层的原脂质(prolipid)组合物。更具体地,本发明涉及原脂质组合物,其通过快速恢复皮肤的天然脂质平衡来提供个性化的益处。这样的组合物导致在角质层深处中的和在透明层的表面附近的延伸的脂肪酸和/或脂质生成。该组合物至少含脂肪酸、脂肪酯和/或酰基甘油以及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的活化剂。出人意料的是,除了快速地使个体化的脂肪酸和脂质平衡恢复外,该组合物还导致持久的皮肤弹性屏障,所述皮肤弹性屏障适合于改善皮肤特性,递送皮肤有益剂和保护该皮肤不受环境污染物侵害,同时封闭该皮肤以用于持久的保湿。
背景技术
人类皮肤是身体和环境之间的重要屏障。对该皮肤的屏障功能至关重要的是在角质层中发现的脂质基质。在角质层内的健康基质是这样一种基质,该基质富含涉及神经酰胺(45-50重量%)、胆甾醇(25重量%)和脂肪酸(10-15重量%)的大概等摩尔的混合物,由此其它脂质例如胆甾醇硫酸酯达成平衡,Kathi C.Madison,Barrier Function of theSkin:“La Raison d’Etre”of the Epidermis,The Society for InvestigativeDermatology,Inc.(2003)。这些脂肪酸和蜡状脂质调节皮肤的水屏障和保持能力,并且它们还限制来自环境的接触皮肤的污染物和微生物的进入。此外,在皮肤中的神经酰胺的产生导致改善各种皮肤特性的鞘氨醇类的生成。
不幸的是,随着消费者年龄的增长,此类脂肪酸和脂质的水平下降,这必然会导致皮肤不柔软、干燥、甚至起皱纹。皮肤脂质基质的耗尽(depletion)也导致皮肤变得对在环境中的污染物更加敏感,并经常与状况例如湿疹、特应性皮炎和银屑病有关。
人们已经努力强化皮肤的脂肪酸和脂质基质。然而,已经证明,脂质穿透进至角质层深处是困难的,因为这些蜡状材料是大的,不容易通过皮肤最外层的毛孔来运输。在没有穿透的情况下,用常规方法实现的益处充其量是短暂的。
越来越有兴趣开发局部护理(即原脂质)组合物,该组合物补充皮肤的脂肪酸和在角质层深处内的天然脂质基质,以便于产生持久的皮肤弹性屏障,该皮肤弹性屏障适合于改善皮肤特性,递送皮肤有益剂,和保护皮肤不受环境污染物侵害,同时封闭该皮肤以用于持久的保湿。因此,本发明涉及能穿透进至角质层的原脂质组合物。此类组合物出人意料地引起在角质层深处中的和在透明层的表面附近的增强的脂肪酸延伸和/或脂质生成,其中该组合物至少包括脂肪酸、脂肪酯和/或酰基甘油以及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的活化剂。该组合物出人意料地导致持久的皮肤弹性屏障,所述皮肤弹性屏障适合于改善皮肤的整体健康和外观。
附加信息
已经公开了用于制备向皮肤递送有益剂的局部用组合物的努力。在美国第6,423,325号专利中,描述局部用组合物,该局部用组合物包含岩芹酸和/或二十二碳六烯酸以及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体亚型α的活化剂。
已经公开了用于制备向皮肤提供益处的局部用组合物的其他努力。在美国第7,160,560号专利中,描述含有支持皮肤胶原蛋白和脂质系统的组分的组合物。
甚至已经公开了用于制备局部用组合物的其他努力。在美国第9,539,190号专利中,描述含有氨基硅酮类和12-羟基硬脂酸的组合物。
还已经公开了用于制备局部用组合物的其他努力。在美国第8,613,939号专利中,描述含有12-羟基硬脂酸和乙氧基化的氢化蓖麻油的组合物。
所述附加信息中没有一个描述如本发明所定义的适合于改善皮肤的整体健康和外观的组合物。具体而言,所述附加信息中没有一个描述由原脂质组合物中的过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的存在而导致的出人意料的对个性化的脂肪酸延伸和/或脂质生成的增强。
发明内容
在第一方面,本发明涉及组合物,其包含:
1)烃源,所述烃源包括C6至C18脂肪酸、其酯和/或其酰基甘油;
2)过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的至少一种活化剂;
3)延伸源,所述延伸源包括C2至C18醇、糖类、C3至C8多元醇、氨基酸或它们的混合物;和
4)0至5重量%的烟酸、烟酰胺、肌醇、六烟酸酯、吡啶甲酸、吡啶酰胺、1-甲基烟酰胺氯化物、N-乙酰基-DL-蛋氨酸或它们的混合物,
所述组合物在局部施加后具有C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者。
在第二方面,本发明涉及处理皮肤的方法,其包括以下步骤:
A)向需要处理的皮肤施加组合物,所述组合物包含:
1)烃源,所述烃源包括C6至C18脂肪酸、其酯和/或其酰基甘油;
2)过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的至少一种活化剂;
3)延伸源,所述延伸源包括C2至C18醇、糖类、C3至C8多元醇、氨基酸或它们的混合物;和
4)0至5重量%的烟酸、烟酰胺、肌醇、六烟酸酯、吡啶甲酸、吡啶酰胺、1-甲基烟酰胺氯化物、N-乙酰基-DL-蛋氨酸或它们的混合物,
B)在将所述组合物施加至所述皮肤后,产生C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者,所述C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者在所述皮肤的角质层中生成,并且所述脂质是神经酰胺、胆甾醇和/或它们的混合物。
在第三方面,本发明涉及用于对缺乏脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤的个性化处理的方法,其包括以下步骤:
A)向需要脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤施加组合物,所述组合物包含:
1)烃源,所述烃源包括C6至C18脂肪酸、其酯和/或其酰基甘油;
2)过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的至少一种活化剂;
3)延伸源,所述延伸源包括C2至C18醇、糖类、C3至C8多元醇、氨基酸或它们的混合物;和
4)0至5重量%的烟酸、烟酰胺、肌醇、六烟酸酯、吡啶甲酸、吡啶酰胺、1-甲基烟酰胺氯化物、N-乙酰基-DL-蛋氨酸或它们的混合物,
B)在将所述组合物施加至所述皮肤后,产生C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者;和
C)恢复在所述皮肤中的C20至C36脂肪酸水平、神经酰胺水平和/或胆甾醇水平,以优选地产生所述C20至C36脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的等摩尔混合物,其中所述C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者在所述皮肤的角质层中生成。
在第四方面,本发明涉及本发明的第一方面的组合物的用途,其通过向角质层提供C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者,为皮肤提供抗衰老的益处。
在第五方面,本发明涉及在局部用组合物中的过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的活化剂的用途,其用于增强在角质层中的脂肪酸延伸、脂质生成或二者。
在第六方面,本发明涉及用于通过以下方式延伸脂肪酸和/或制备神经酰胺的方法,组合烃源、延伸源和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的活化剂以制成组合物,和组合所述组合物和在皮肤中的酶(身体的脂肪酸延伸酶(the body’s fatty acid elongases)(ELOVL1-7))。
本发明的所有其它方面从下文的描述和实例中将容易变得明显。
在本文中使用的“皮肤”,是指在脚部、脸部、颈部、胸部、手臂(包括腋下)、手部、腿部、臀部、背部和头皮(包括毛发)上的皮肤。本发明的组合物(即最终使用组合物,即用型(ready to apply)和免洗型,或洗去型)包括乳霜、乳液(lotion)、浆液、凝胶、膏剂、除臭剂和止汗剂(包括气雾剂)、洗发水、摩丝、护发素、块状制剂(bars)和液体洗涤产品。在一个实施方案中,本发明的最终使用组合物是个人洗涤组合物、脸部洗涤产品或免洗型(leave-on)产品,例如待施加至面部、身体或手部的美容乳霜或乳液。在另一实施方案中,最终使用组合物是这样的美容免洗型产品,所述美容免洗型产品适合于减少皱纹、保湿和/或产生具有均匀的颜色或色调的皮肤。在本文中的“美容(cosmetic)”(即皮肤护理)是指调节和/或改善皮肤的美容品质。这些品质取决于在健康受试者以及出现皮肤疾病或紊乱(例如银屑病、扁平苔藓(lichen planus)、毛囊炎或特应性皮炎)的那些二者中的调节和/或改善。在本发明的上下文中,皮肤护理(美容)益处的实例包括提供更光滑、甚至更均匀的质地;改善皮肤的弹性或韧性;改善皮肤的坚实度;改善皮肤的水化状态或保湿;改善皮肤屏障性能;和减少色素沉着过度、发红或皮肤斑点的出现。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,如在本文中使用的C6至C18脂肪酸、酯和/或酰基甘油是烃源,所述烃源可以是未取代的或取代的(即在该烃上具有1至3个官能团,所述官能团为-OH和/或-NH2)、饱和的、不饱和的(通常不超过2个双键)、线性的或支化的;然而,烃源优选地是线性的、未取代的且饱和的。在本发明的另一实施方案中,这种烃源未被杂原子取代,因此不包含羟基。延伸的脂肪酸是指这样的脂肪酸,相比于在所述组合物中的最初的烃源,所述脂肪酸在它的链上具有至少2个更多的碳,优选地具有至少20个碳的链。烃源是指在本发明的组合物中提供(即由所述C6至C18脂肪酸、酯和/或酰基甘油提供)的脂肪链,所述脂肪链适合于在被局部施加至皮肤后在角质层中延长。延伸源是指适合于在延伸期间向所述烃源提供碳的醇、糖类、多元醇和/或氨基酸。本发明的组合物(即最终使用组合物)是原脂质组合物,是指这样的组合物,所述组合物适合于将消费者的脂肪酸含量、神经酰胺水平和/或胆甾醇水平(根据需要,其中的一种水平或全部水平)恢复至等摩尔混合物,其中等摩尔混合物是指20%以内,优选地15%以内,最优选地10%以内的等摩尔混合物。因此,本发明的原脂质组合物是一种产生个性化的结果的组合物,所述结果在于取决于消费者的基质含量需要,该组合物可以恢复脂肪酸含量、神经酰胺水平和/或胆甾醇水平。在本文中使用的“酰基甘油”是指由甘油和脂肪酸形成的酯(即单、二或三甘油酯)。C6至C18脂肪酸、其酯和/或其酰基甘油(即脂肪酸的衍生物)意味着C6至C18脂肪链是在本发明中使用的酸、酯和/或酰基甘油中的链。烃源、延伸源和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的活化剂是在本发明中的成分,并且被包含在本发明的术语组分中。
“快速恢复皮肤的天然脂质平衡”是指通过在本发明的组合物中包含过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的至少一种活化剂,来增强延伸的脂肪酸和/或神经酰胺的形成,并且不妨碍在角质层内的胆甾醇形成。“长效皮肤弹性屏障”是指在局部施加所述组合物后提供脂肪酸和脂质平衡持续至少1.5周,优选地持续2.5周,最优选地持续至少4周。
除非另有明确说明,否则在本文中描述的所有范围意味着包括其中包含的所有范围。术语“包含”意味着涵盖术语“基本上由...组成”和“由...组成”。为避免疑问,包含脂肪酸、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的活化剂和多元醇的组合物,意味着包括基本上由这些组分组成和由这些组分组成的组合物。至于在本文中使用的百分比,除非另有说明,否则是指按重量计算。除了在实施例和比较例中,或另有明确说明,在本说明书中使用的表示材料的量或比率和/或它们的用途的所有数值应理解为由"约"修饰。
具体实施方式
关于可用于本发明中的C6至C18脂肪酸、其酯和/或其酰基甘油(即烃源)的唯一限制是,所述物质产生均匀的没有沉淀物的组合物。适合使用的脂肪酸的示例性实例包括己酸、庚酸、辛酸、壬酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、山萮酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、异硬脂酸或它们的混合物。可以使用所述脂肪酸的衍生物,该衍生物包括所述脂肪酸的任何酯和/或酰基甘油,该衍生物由例如在醇的存在下的脱水反应例如费歇尔酯化产生。优选的酰基甘油是具有月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和/或硬脂酸的烃链的那些。酯类衍生物当使用时通常会由使用作为试剂的C1-C6醇的酯化产生。通常希望使用的脂肪酯包括棕榈酸甲酯、棕榈酸乙酯、棕榈酸己酯、棕榈酸异丙基酯、异硬脂酸异丙基酯、肉豆蔻异丙基酯或它们的混合物。
至于酰基甘油,其烃链可以相同或不同,并且它们通常为C6至C18链。在本发明中使用的通常优选的酰基甘油是与棕榈酸酯化的甘油三酯。
通常,C6至C18脂肪酸、其酯和/或其酰基甘油会占所述组合物的0.05重量%至8.0重量%,优选地1重量%至6重量%,最优选地1.5重量%至4.5重量%。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述组合物会具有1.5重量%至4重量%的C6至C18脂肪酸、其酯和/或其酰基甘油,在还另一实施方案中,所述组合物会具有1.5重量%至3.5重量%的C6至C18脂肪酸、其酯和/或其酰基甘油。在本发明的还另一实施方案中,基于所述组合物中的烃源的总重量,烃源为至少50重量%,优选地至少75重量%至99重量%的C6至C18脂肪酸。在又一个实施方案中,基于所述组合物中的烃源的总重量,烃源全部(100重量%)为C6至C18脂肪酸。
关于适合使用的过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的活化剂(PPAR活化剂),所述活化剂通常是12-羟基硬脂酸、顺十八碳四烯酸、反-7-十八碳烯酸、顺5,8,11,14,17二十碳五烯酸、顺-4,7,10,13,16,19二十二碳六烯酸、共轭的亚油酸(c9,t11)、5,9,12-十八碳三烯酸(columbinic acid)、反亚麻酸(linolenelaidic acid)、反蓖麻油酸(ricinolaidicacid)、十八碳四烯酸(stearidonic acid)、2-羟基硬脂酸、α-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、顺-11,14-二十碳二烯酸、共轭的亚油酸(t10,c12)、共轭的亚油酸(t9,t11)、共轭的亚油酸(c9,t11和t10,c12以50:50混合)、芫荽酸、反亚油酸、单岩芹酸、岩芹酸、蓖麻油酸、硬脂酸、侧柏萃取物或反式异油酸。
其它适合使用的PPAR活化剂包括:顺-11,14,17二十碳三烯酸、顺-5二十碳烯酸、顺-8,11,14二十碳三烯酸、十六碳三烯酸、棕榈烯酸、反岩芹酸(petroselaidic acid)、反式反式金合欢醇、顺13,16二十二碳碳二烯酸、顺式异油酸、顺-11二十碳烯酸、顺-13,16,19二十二碳三烯酸、顺-13-十八碳烯酸、顺-15-十八烷酸、顺-7,10,13,16二十二碳四烯酸、反油酸、γ-亚麻酸、香叶酸、香叶基香叶酸、亚油酸、油酸、岩芹醇(petroselinyl alcohol)、植烷酸、皮诺敛酸(pinolenic acid)、反-13-十八碳烯酸或十三烷基水杨酸(TDS)。
其它还适合使用的PPAR活化剂包括鹰嘴豆芽素A(红车轴草植物雌激素)、香泽兰(chromolaena odorata)萃取物、石榴可皂化水解类萃取物、田紫草(buglossoides)(十八碳四烯酸类植物萃取物)或zanthalene(来自四川花椒的萃取物),据此,使用在本文中描述的任何PPAR活化剂的混合物均在本发明的范围内。在本发明的一个实施方案中,PPAR活化剂是岩芹酸、共轭的亚油酸、12-羟基硬脂酸、蓖麻油酸或它们的混合物。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,PPAR活化剂是12-羟基硬脂酸。
通常,PPAR活化剂会占所述组合物的0.05重量%至8.0重量%,优选地1重量%至6重量%,最优选地1.5重量%至4.5重量%。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述组合物会具有1.5重量%至4重量%的PPAR活化剂,在还另一个实施方案中,所述组合物会具有1.5重量%至3.5重量%的PPAR活化剂。在本发明的还又一个实施方案中,使用的所述C6至C18脂肪酸是棕榈酸,并且所述PPAR活化剂是12-羟基硬脂酸。
适合用于本发明中的C2至C18醇的示例性实例包括乙醇、月桂醇、鲸蜡醇、硬脂醇或它们的混合物。适合使用的糖类包括可溶于本发明的组合物中的那些。适合使用的糖类的示例性实例包括葡萄糖(一水右旋糖)、半乳糖、蔗糖、乳糖、果糖、它们的混合物等。
关于适合使用的多元醇,示例性实例包括山梨糖醇、甘油、甘露糖醇、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇或它们的混合物。适合使用的其它多元醇包括丙二醇、二丙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚乙二醇、羟丙基山梨糖醇、己二醇、1,3-丁二醇、异戊二醇、1,2,6-己烷三醇、乙氧基化的甘油、丙氧基化的甘油或它们的混合物。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,基于在所述组合物中使用的多元醇的总重量,使用的多元醇为至少50重量%的甘油。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,使用的多元醇全部是甘油(100重量%)。
适合用于本发明的组合物中的氨基酸包括丝氨酸、苏氨酸、半胱氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、酪氨酸或它们的混合物。
C2至C18醇、糖类和/或氨基酸的量通常会占所述组合物的0.01重量%至7重量%,优选地0.5重量%至6重量%,最优选地1重量%至4.5重量%。当在本发明的组合物中使用多元醇(即作为延伸源)时,基于所述组合物的总重量,多元醇通常占约0.01重量%至35重量%,优选地1重量%至25重量%,最优选地1.5重量%至15重量%。在本发明的一个实施方案中,基于在所述组合物中的延伸源的总重量,延伸源为至少50重量%的多元醇。在另一个实施方案中,基于在所述组合物中的延伸源的总重量,使用的延伸源为至少50重量%至99重量%的甘油。在还另一个实施方案中,延伸源是100重量%的甘油。在又另一个实施方案中,所述组合物包含2重量%至12重量%,优选地2重量%至8重量%的延伸源。在还另一个实施方案中,当延伸源为C2至C18醇时,该组合物包含0.1重量%至5重量%的醇。在又另一个实施方案中,当延伸源是氨基酸时,所述组合物包含0.05重量%至5重量%,优选地0.05重量%至3重量%的氨基酸。在一个特别优选的实施方案中,本发明的原脂质组合物具有烃源(HS)、延伸源(ES)和PPAR活化剂,所述烃源为棕榈酸,所述延伸源为甘油,所述PPAR活化剂为12-羟基硬脂酸。在另一个特别优选的实施方案中,HS:ES:PPAR活化剂的在原脂质组合物中的重量比为15:70比15:70比15:70,优选地为20:60比20:60比20:60,最优选地为25:50比25:50比25:50,包括其中包含的所有重量比。
已经出人意料地发现,当如在本发明中描述的烃源和延伸源与PPAR活化剂一起提供时,脂肪酸的延伸和神经酰胺的产生在角质层中得到增强。不希望受理论束缚,身体的脂肪酸延伸酶(ELOVL1-7)如通常预期的那样,会催化脂肪酸延伸循环(cycle)的速率限制步骤。用本发明的组合物产生的延伸的脂肪酸通常是C20至C36脂肪,优选地是非常长链的脂肪酸(VLCFA),例如C22至C32脂肪酸,最优选地是C24至C30脂肪酸。预期的是,神经酰胺(鞘氨醇和脂肪酸)的产生可能会包括脂肪酸与氨基酸例如丝氨酸的缩合,以形成3-酮基二氢鞘氨醇(3-keto dihydrosphingosine)。所述3-酮基二氢鞘氨醇被细胞的3-酮基二氢鞘氨醇还原酶(3-ketosphinganine reductase)还原,以产生二氢鞘氨醇,并通过神经酰胺合酶的活性另外酰化成二氢神经酰胺。通过酶二氢神经酰胺去饱和酶得到的在该分子的原始脂肪酸部分中的不饱和,完成神经酰胺的生成,由此在局部施加用PPAR活化剂配制的本发明的原脂质组合物的情况下出人意料地增强此类合成。
已知皮肤的胆甾醇合成与在身体的胆甾醇合成途径中的关键酶的活性水平、蛋白质水平和mRNA水平的增加有关,并且不受本发明的组合物的阻碍。
对于可包括本发明的组分的最终使用组合物(即原脂质组合物)的类型,一般没有限制。适合于向皮肤递送烃源和延伸源以及PPAR活化剂的原脂质组合物通常会包括化妆品上可接受的载体组分。水是最优选的载体。基于所述原脂质化合物的总重量,水的量可为1重量%至95重量%,优选地是5重量%至85重量%,最优选地是35重量%至80重量%,最佳地是40重量%至75重量%。通常,本发明的原脂质组合物会是水和油的乳状液(emulsion),最优选地是水包油型的乳状液。然而,油包水乳状液,特别是通常被归类为油包水且高内相的乳状液的那些,是一个选项。适合于包含本发明的成分的高内相乳状液的示例性实例在共同拥有的第2008/0311058号美国专利申请公开和第8,425,882号美国专利中被描述,它们的公开内容通过引用并入本文中。
适合用于本发明中的其它化妆品上可接受的载体可包括矿物油、硅油、合成或天然的酯、和醇。按组合物的重量计,这些材料的量可为0.1重量%至50重量%,优选地是0.1重量%至30重量%,最优选地是1重量%至20重量%,包括其中包含的所有范围。
硅油可分为挥发性和非挥发性两类。在本文中使用的术语"挥发性"是指在环境温度下具有可测量的蒸汽压的那些材料。挥发性硅油优选地选自含有3至9个硅原子,优选地含有4至5个硅原子的环状或线性的聚二甲基硅氧烷。线性挥发性硅酮材料在25°下通常具有小于5厘沲的粘度,而环状材料通常具有小于10厘沲的粘度(用布鲁克菲尔德粘度计测量,RV 3号轴,在20PRM下,被标准化至矿物油,和在25℃下)。
可用作载体材料的非挥发性硅油包括聚烷基硅氧烷、聚烷芳基硅氧烷和聚醚硅氧烷共聚物。在本文中可用的基本不挥发的聚烷基硅氧烷包括,例如,在25℃下具有5至100,000厘沲的粘度的聚二甲基硅氧烷(polydimethylsiloxane)(例如聚二甲基硅氧烷(dimethicone),包括交联聚合物和弹性体)。
常常优选的硅酮来源是环戊硅氧烷和聚二甲基硅氧烷醇(dimethiconol)溶液。
合适的酯类有:
(1)脂肪酸的酯,例如异壬酸异壬酯(isononyl isonanonoate)、油基肉豆蔻酸酯、油基硬脂酸酯和油基油酸酯;
(2)醚酯,例如乙氧基化的脂肪醇的脂肪酸酯;
(3)多元醇酯,例如乙二醇单-和二-脂肪酸酯、二甘醇单-和二-脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇(200-6000)单-和二-脂肪酸酯、丙二醇单-和二-脂肪酸酯、聚丙二醇2000单油酸酯、聚丙二醇2000单硬脂酸酯、乙氧基化的丙二醇单硬脂酸酯、甘油单-和二-脂肪酸酯、聚甘油多脂肪酯、乙氧基化的甘油单硬脂酸酯、1,3-丁二醇单硬脂酸酯、1,3-丁二醇二硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯多元醇脂肪酸酯、脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯和聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯;
(4)蜡酯,例如蜂蜡、鲸蜡、肉豆蔻基肉豆蔻酸酯、硬脂基硬脂酸酯;和
(5)甾醇酯,其中它们的实例为大豆甾醇和胆甾醇脂肪酸酯。
在包含本发明的组分的原脂质组合物中可存在乳化剂(或表面活性剂)。当使用时,按所述组合物的重量计,乳化剂的总浓度可以是0.1重量%至30重量%,优选地是2重量%至20重量%,最优选地是1重量%至9重量%。乳化剂可选自阴离子、非离子、阳离子和两性组分。特别优选的非离子组分为具有以下的那些:C10至C20脂肪醇或酸疏水物,每摩尔的所述疏水物与2摩尔至100摩尔的环氧乙烷或环氧丙烷缩合;与2摩尔至20摩尔的环氧烷烃缩合的C2-C10烷基酚;乙二醇的单-和二-脂肪酸酯;脂肪酸单甘油酯;脱水山梨糖醇,单-和二-C8至C20脂肪酸;和聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇;以及它们的组合。烷基多糖苷类和糖类脂肪酰胺(例如甲基葡糖酰胺类)也是合适的非离子乳化剂。
优选的阴离子乳化剂包括烷基醚硫酸酯盐和磺酸酯盐、烷基硫酸酯盐和磺酸酯盐、烷基苯磺酸酯盐、烷基和二烷基磺基琥珀酸酯盐、C8-C20酰基羟乙磺酸酯盐、C8-C20烷基醚磷酸酯盐、烷基醚羧酸酯盐和它们的组合。
可使用的阳离子乳化剂包括例如棕榈酰胺丙基三甲基氯化铵、二硬脂基二甲基氯化铵和它们的混合物。可用的两性乳化剂包括椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱、C12-C20三烷基甜菜碱、月桂酰两性基乙酸钠和月桂酰二两性基乙酸二钠(sodium laurodiamphoacetate)或它们的混合物。
其它通常优选的乳化剂包括甘油硬脂酸酯、二醇硬脂酸酯、硬脂酰胺AMP、PEG-100硬脂酸酯、鲸蜡醇以及乳化/增稠添加剂,例如羟基乙基丙烯酸酯/丙烯酰二甲基牛磺酸钠类共聚物/角鲨烯和它们的混合物。
可以将防腐剂加入至包含本发明的组分的原脂质组合物中,以有助于预防潜在有害的微生物的生长。用于在本发明的组合物中的合适的传统防腐剂包括对羟基苯甲酸的烷基酯。其它防腐剂包括乙内酰脲衍生物、丙酸类盐和各种季铵化合物。通常优选的防腐剂是碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯、苯氧乙醇、羟苯甲酯、羟苯丙酯、咪唑烷基脲、脱氢乙酸钠、苯甲酸钠和苄基醇。适合与在本发明中使用的防腐剂一起使用的特别优选的添加剂是1,2-烷二醇(例如1,2-辛二醇和1,2-己二醇)以及常用的香精油(在原脂质组合物中分别添加或与香精一起添加),例如丁香酚、香豆素、乙酸芳樟酯、香茅醛、鸢尾浓缩物、乙酸松油酯(terpinylacetate)、蒎烯类(pinenes)(α和β蒎烯)和香茅醇。
通常,按本发明的组合物的重量计,防腐剂、邻二醇和/或香精油所占的量不会超过2重量%,优选地不超过1.5重量%,最优选地不超过1.0重量%。在本发明的一个实施方案中,按组合物的总重量计,共使用0.15重量%至0.95重量%的防腐剂、邻二醇和/或香精组分,包括其中包含的所有范围。
在本发明的原脂质组合物中可任选地包含增稠剂。特别可用的是多糖。多糖的实例包括淀粉类、天然/合成的胶和纤维素。淀粉类的代表是化学改性淀粉,例如羟丙基淀粉磷酸钠和辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉铝。木薯淀粉常常是优选的。合适的胶包括黄原胶、菌核、果胶、刺梧桐胶、阿拉伯胶、琼脂、瓜耳胶、角叉菜胶、藻酸盐和它们的组合。合适的纤维素包括羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素和羧基甲基纤维素钠。合成聚合物是还另一类有效的增稠剂。该类别包括交联的聚丙烯酸酯,例如卡波姆;聚丙烯酸酰胺类,例如305;和牛磺酸盐共聚物,例如Simulgel 和AVC,所述共聚物通过各自的INCI命名法被识别为丙烯酸钠/丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸钠共聚物和丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸盐/乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚物。适合用于增稠的另一种优选的合成聚合物是通过Seppic公司商业可获得的且以名称Simulgel IN100出售的基于丙烯酸酯的聚合物。聚季铵盐32和/或37也适合使用。
纤维素微原纤维可用作增稠剂,并且所述纤维素微原纤维包括次级细胞壁材料(例如木浆、棉花)、细菌纤维素和初级细胞壁材料。通常初级细胞壁材料的来源选自水果、根、球茎、块茎、种子、叶子和它们的组合的薄壁组织;更优选地选自柑橘类水果、番茄类水果、桃子类水果、南瓜类水果、猕猴桃类水果、苹果类水果、芒果类水果、甜菜、甜菜根、芜菁、欧洲防风草、玉米、燕麦、小麦、豌豆和它们的组合;甚至更优选地选自柑橘类水果、番茄类水果和它们的组合。初级细胞壁材料的最优选的来源是来自柑橘类水果的薄壁组织。柑橘类纤维,例如通过作为AQ Plus可获得的那些,也可以用作纤维素微原纤维的来源。通过任何已知的方法可以对纤维素来源表面改性,所述已知的方法包括在ColloidalPolymer Science,Kalia etal.,“Nanofibrillated cellulose:surface modificationand potential applications”(2014),Vol 292,Pages 5-31中描述的那些。
当使用时,按所述组合物的重量计,增稠剂的量可为0.001重量%至5重量%,优选地为0.1重量%至2重量%,最优选地为0.2重量%至0.5重量%,并且包括其中包含的所有范围。
在包含本发明的组分的组合物中,可以任选地使用香精、固定剂和研磨剂。这些物质中的每一种可占所述组合物的0.05重量%至5重量%,优选地占0.1重量%至3重量%。除了在本文中描述的作为延伸源的多元醇,在本发明的原脂质组合物中还可采用季铵型润湿剂(保湿剂)。通常优选结构AB的二羟基丙基季铵盐,其中A是盐AB的阳离子带电组分,而B是盐AB的阴离子带电组分,A具有一个季铵化的氮原子、至少两个羟基和不高于约250,优选地不高于约200,最佳地不高于170的分子量。
阴离子带电组分B可以是有机的或无机的,其中条件是该材料是化妆品上可接受的。典型的无机阴离子是卤化物、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、硝酸盐和硼酸盐。最优选的是卤化物,特别是氯化物。有机阴离子反离子包括甲基硫酸酯、甲苯酰基硫酸酯(toluoyl sulfate)、乙酸盐、柠檬酸盐、酒石酸盐、乳酸盐(例如钾)、葡糖酸盐、钾、钠和/或镁的氯化物、海盐、苯磺酸盐或它们的混合物。带负电荷的组分B的数量和电荷将足以中和组分A的正电荷。
季铵盐的一个优选的实施方案是二羟基丙基三(C1-C3烷基或羟烷基)铵盐。这些盐可以以各种合成方法来获得,最特别地是通过氯羟丙基三(C1-C3烷基或羟烷基)铵盐的水解来获得。通常,在季铵基团上的所述C1-C3烷基或羟烷基的构分会是甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、羟乙基、羟甲基和它们的混合物。特别优选的是通过INCI命名法已知为“三甲基铵(trimonium)”基团的三甲基铵(trimethyl ammonium)基团。最优选的种类是1,2-二羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵,其中所述C1-C3烷基是甲基。当使用时,季铵盐占所述原脂质组合物的0.001重量%至10重量%,优选地占0.1重量%至6%,最优选地占0.1重量%至3重量%。
可用于本发明的原脂质组合物中的其它优选的保湿剂,特别是与上述铵盐一起使用时,包括:取代的脲,例如羟甲基脲、羟乙基脲、羟丙基脲;二(羟甲基)脲;二(羟乙基)脲;二(羟丙基)脲;N,N'-二羟基甲基脲;N,N'-二-羟乙基脲;N,N'-二-羟丙基脲;N,N,N'-三-羟乙基脲;四(羟甲基)脲;四(羟乙基)脲;四(羟丙基)脲;N-甲基,N'-羟乙基脲;N-乙基-N'-羟乙基脲;N-羟丙基-N'-羟乙基脲,和N,N'-二甲基-N-羟乙基脲。在术语“羟丙基”出现的情况下,其含义对或者3-羟基-正丙基或者2-羟基-正丙基或者3-羟基-异丙基或者2-羟基-异丙基均是通用的。最优选的是羟乙基脲。后者从National Starch&Chemical Division ofICI以商标Hydrovance作为50%的水溶液可获得。当使用时,按所述组合物的重量计,可用于本发明的局部用组合物中的取代的脲的量为0.01重量%至10重量%,或0.5重量%至8重量%,或2重量%至6重量%。在本文中使用的另外的保湿剂包括凡士林和/或各种水通道蛋白操纵活性物质和/或燕麦仁粉。其它的保湿剂还包括糖类异构体,例如从Royal DSM商购可获得的这些制剂当使用时,通常占所述组合物的0.01重量%至6重量%。本发明的原脂质组合物可包括维生素。适合使用的示例性维生素包括维生素A(视黄醇)以及视黄醇酯,例如视黄醇棕榈酸酯和视黄醇丙酸酯,维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E、叶酸和生物素。也可以采用维生素的衍生物。例如,维生素C的衍生物包括抗坏血酸四异棕榈酸酯、磷酸抗坏血酸酯镁和抗坏血酸糖苷。维生素E的衍生物包括生育酚乙酸酯、生育酚棕榈酸酯和生育酚亚油酸酯。也可采用DL-泛醇和衍生物。当存在时,按所述组合物的重量计,此类维生素的总量可为0.001重量%至10重量%,优选地是0.01重量%至3.5重量%,最佳地是0.1重量%至01.5重量%。
适合用于本发明的组合物中的其它任选存在的添加剂包括间苯二酚类,例如4-乙基间苯二酚、4-己基间苯二酚、4-苯乙基间苯二酚、二甲氧基甲苯酰基丙基间苯二酚、4-环戊基间苯二酚、4-环己基间苯二酚、它们的混合物或类似物。当使用时,这种添加剂总共占所述组合物的重量的0.001重量%至12重量%,优选地占所述组合物的重量的0.01重量%至4重量%。
脱屑促进剂可能存在。示例性的是α-羟基羧酸类、β-羟基羧酸类。术语“酸”意味着不仅包括游离酸,还包括它们的盐类和C1-C30烷基或芳基酯,以及内酯,所述内酯由水的去除产生以形成环状或线性的内酯结构。代表性的酸是羟基乙酸和它的衍生物、乳酸和苹果酸。水杨酸是β-羟基羧酸类的代表。当存在时,按所述组合物的重量计,此类材料的量可为0.01重量%至15重量%。
在本发明的组合物中可任选地包含各种草本植物萃取物。所述萃取物可以或者是水溶性的,或者是不溶于水的,并在分别是亲水性或疏水性的溶剂中携带所述萃取物。水和乙醇通常是优选的萃取溶剂。适合使用的示例性萃取物包括从绿茶、蓍草、洋甘菊、甘草、芦荟、葡萄籽、温州蜜柑(citrus unshiu)、柳树皮、鼠尾草、迷迭和它们的其混合物中移除的那些。当使用时,此类萃取物占所述组合物的0.01重量%至5重量%。
在一个特别优选的实施方案中,本发明的原脂质组合物的确任选地包括烟酸、烟酰胺、肌醇、六烟酸酯、吡啶甲酸、吡啶酰胺、1-甲基烟酰胺氯化物、N-乙酰基-DL-蛋氨酸或它们的混合物中的至少一种。当存在时,此类材料可以占所述组合物的0.001重量%至5重量%,优选地占0.01重量%至4.5重量%,最优选地占0.1重量%至4重量%。在一个特别优选的实施方案中,本发明的组合物的确包括烟酰胺。
同样任选适合使用的材料包括这样的材料,例如螯合剂(例如EDTA)、遮光剂(例如TiO2,粒度50nm至1200nm,优选5050nm至350nm)和剥离剂。按所述组合物的重量计,此类材料的量可为0.0001重量%至8重量%,优选地是0.0001重量%至2重量%。
在本发明的组合物中也可包含防晒活性剂。特别优选这样的材料,例如乙基己基对甲氧基肉桂酸酯,作为Parsol 可获得;阿伏苯宗(Avobenzene),作为Parsol可获得;和二苯酮-3,也已知为氧苯酮(Oxybenzone)。可以采用无机防晒活性剂,例如微细二氧化钛、氧化锌、聚乙烯和各种其它聚合物。当存在时,按所述组合物的重量计,所述防晒剂的量一般可为可0.1重量%至15重量%,优选地是0.5重量%至10重量%,最佳地是0.75重量%至0.7重量%。常规的缓冲剂/pH调节剂可用于本发明的原脂质组合物中。这些缓冲剂/pH调节剂包括常用的添加剂,例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、盐酸、柠檬酸、和柠檬酸盐/柠檬酸缓冲剂。在一个特别优选的实施方案中,本发明的原脂质组合物的pH为4至10,优选地是4.25至7.85,最优选地是5.65至7.5。在本发明的组合物中可使用成膜剂。虽然是任选存在的,但这类试剂可以辅助组合物粘附至它们所施加的表面上。成膜剂包括具有亲水性性质的那些,并且它们包括包含聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、丙烯酸酯类、丙烯酰胺类和它们的共聚物的材料。当使用时,这种成膜剂占所述组合物的0.001重量%至1重量%。
适合用于所述组合物中的其它任选存在的组分是防蚊剂,例如桉树油、薰衣草油、N,N-二乙基-间甲苯甲酰胺(DEET)、它们的混合物或类似物。可以使用的其它成分还包括羟甲辛吡酮(octopirox)(吡罗克酮)、吡硫鎓锌、麝香草酚、萜品醇、西曲氯铵、苄索氯铵、苯扎氯铵、氯二甲酚、三氯生、西吡氯铵以及银化合物,包括氧化银、硝酸银、硫酸银、磷酸银、碳酸银、乙酸银、苯甲酸银、它们的混合物或类似物。可用于本发明的组合物中的其它任选存在的组分包括和厚朴酚、抗菌脂质例如十六碳烯酸(sapienic acid)、棕榈烯酸、鞘氨醇、二氢鞘氨醇、植物鞘氨醇和6-羟基鞘氨醇,以及抗菌蛋白例如骨髓性抗菌蛋白。如果使用,这些其它组分的量通常占所述组合物的0.001重量%至2.6重量%,优选地占0.01重量%至1.2重量%。
适合使用的另一种任选存在的添加剂包括大麻油(hemp oil),所述大麻油具有2.5重量%至25重量%的大麻萜酚和/或0.5重量%至10重量%的大麻二酚。当使用时,这种油占所述组合物的0.0001重量%至1.5重量%,优选地占所述组合物的0.01重量%至1重量%。
在一个经常需要的实施方案中,本发明的组合物包括(0.001重量%至5重量%)视黄醇棕榈酸酯、视黄醇丙酸酯、香豆素、金合欢醇、香叶醇、氯咪巴唑和香兰素中的至少一种。在另一个实施方案中,本发明的组合物包含0.001重量%至4.5重量%,优选地包含0.1重量%至3.5重量%的氯咪巴唑和视黄醇棕榈酸酯和/或视黄醇丙酸酯。当制备本发明的原脂质组合物时,在大气条件下,在20℃至65℃的温度下,用中度的剪切力混合成分/组分。
通常,原脂质组合物的粘度会低于25,000cps。通常,所述组合物的粘度会是250至22,000cps,优选地是350至13,000cps,最优选地是500至10,000cps。用本领域公认的仪器,例如布鲁克菲尔德粘度计RVT,型号D220,使用T型棒轴D,在5RPM和25℃下60秒,可以测量粘度。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,并且当原脂质组合物是洗发水或洗涤组合物时,该组合物通常包含脂肪酸皂或无皂的合成表面活性剂(例如羟乙磺酸酯、牛磺酸盐和/或硫酸酯)。适合于与本发明的组分一起使用的皂条可以包含至少50重量%至70重量%的脂肪酸皂和至多25重量%的无皂的合成表面活性剂,由此皂条中的水通常低于15重量%。液体沐浴露组合物通常会包含皂和无皂的合成表面活性剂。这些组合物通常包括羟乙磺酸酯、牛磺酸盐、甜菜碱类和/或硫酸酯,例如月桂醇硫酸酯钠和月桂醇醚硫酸酯钠。作为适合于包含本发明的组分的除臭剂和/或止汗剂产品的原脂质组合物可以是用常规基础成分(base)制成的泵式喷雾剂、气溶胶喷雾剂、滚珠剂(roll-on)、棒状物、软固体或凝胶。当作为除臭剂产品时,所述组合物可以包含铝、非铝活性物或二者。本发明的组合物优选地为免洗型皮肤组合物。
至于包装,本发明的原脂质组合物,可以被包装在喷雾瓶中,或作为在棉签、湿巾(wipe)、毛巾、美容基片(例如在US 6,294,182 B1中描述的那些)等上的浸渍湿润剂来提供。由于用增稠剂增加粘度,所述组合物可以在挤压瓶中作为凝胶组合物提供给消费者,或从习惯性(customary)储备瓶和罐子中作为习惯性乳液、乳霜或洗剂(即乳状液)提供给消费者。也可以使用常规的气雾剂包装技术,包括利用袋中空气排放罐、机构和致动器的那些。包括发泡剂(例如,两性离子表面活性剂和/或两性表面活性剂)也在本发明的范围内,以便该组合物可以作为泡沫或摩丝排出。
本发明的原脂质组合物应提供使用说明,以将该组合物施加至毛发或皮肤以及用于对角质层的脂肪酸含量和脂质基质的个性化的恢复。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,并且当原脂质组合物是洗发水或洗涤组合物时,该组合物通常包含脂肪酸皂或无皂的合成表面活性剂(例如羟乙磺酸酯、牛磺酸盐和/或硫酸酯)。适合于与本发明的组分一起使用的皂条可以包含至少50重量%至70重量%的脂肪酸皂和至多25重量%的无皂的合成表面活性剂,由此该皂条中的水通常低于15重量%。液体沐浴露组合物通常会包含皂和无皂的合成表面活性剂。这些组合物通常包括羟乙磺酸酯、牛磺酸盐、甜菜碱类和/或硫酸酯,例如月桂醇硫酸酯钠和月桂醇醚硫酸酯钠。作为适合于包含本发明的组分的除臭剂和/或止汗剂产品的原脂质组合物可以是用常规基础成分制成的泵式喷雾剂、气溶胶喷雾剂、滚珠剂、棒状物、软固体或凝胶。当作为除臭剂产品时,所述组合物可以包含铝、非铝活性物或二者。本发明的组合物优选地为免洗型皮肤组合物。
至于包装,本发明的原脂质组合物,可以被包装在喷雾瓶中,或作为在棉签、湿巾、毛巾、美容基片(例如US 6,294,182 B1中描述的那些)等上的浸渍湿润剂来提供。由于用增稠剂增加粘度,所述组合物可以在挤压瓶中作为凝胶组合物提供给消费者,或从习惯性储备瓶和罐子中作为习惯性乳液、乳霜或洗剂(即乳状液)提供给消费者。
也可以使用常规的气雾剂包装技术,包括利用袋中空气排放罐、机构和致动器的那些。包括发泡剂(例如,两性离子表面活性剂和/或两性表面活性剂)也在本发明的范围内,以便该组合物可以作为泡沫或摩丝排出。
本发明的原脂质组合物应提供使用说明,以将该组合物施加至毛发或皮肤以及用于对角质层的脂肪酸含量和脂质基质的个性化的恢复。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,并且当原脂质组合物是洗发水或洗涤组合物时,该组合物通常包含脂肪酸皂或无皂的合成表面活性剂(例如羟乙磺酸酯、牛磺酸盐和/或硫酸酯)。适合于与本发明的组分一起使用的皂条可以包含至少50重量%至70重量%的脂肪酸皂和至多25重量%的无皂的合成表面活性剂,由此所述皂条中的水通常低于15重量%。液体沐浴露组合物通常会包含皂和无皂的合成表面活性剂。这些组合物通常包括羟乙磺酸酯、牛磺酸盐、甜菜碱类和/或硫酸酯,例如月桂醇硫酸酯钠和月桂醇醚硫酸酯钠。作为适合于包含本发明的组分的除臭剂和/或止汗剂产品的原脂质组合物可以是用常规基础成分制成的泵式喷雾剂、气溶胶喷雾剂、滚珠剂、棒状物、软固体或凝胶。当作为除臭剂产品时,所述组合物可以包含铝、非铝活性物或二者。
提供以下实施例以进一步说明对本发明的理解。所述实施例并不旨在限制本发明的范围。
实施例
实施例1
在本实验中,在标准局部用的基础成分(base)组合物中充入了3重量%的氘代d31棕榈酸,并且在第二基础成分中充入了3重量%的氘代d31棕榈酸与3重量%的12-羟基硬脂酸的组合。将两种组合物施加至分别的人皮肤废弃物。取出了活检组织(biopsies)并将其放在胶原蛋白上,并在37℃下以大约5%的二氧化碳温育。样品在5天后被收集,被萃取并被分级,以获得神经酰胺级分。在体外人类皮肤模型中,研究了在有和没有PPAR活化剂12-羟基硬脂酸的情况下,氘代d31棕榈酸(dC16:0)的延伸。得到的神经酰胺级分被水解以释放出氘代鞘氨醇,并通过液相色谱/串列式质谱法(LC/MS/MS)来分析。该技术用于识别和测量对氘代鞘氨醇特定的“前体至产品”的离子转变,因此用于跟踪由被施加至皮肤废弃物的氘代棕榈酸形成鞘氨醇。出人意料的是,在PPAR活化剂的存在下,产生的氘代鞘氨醇的量增加了。所提供的以单元(units)(“u”)为单位的数值描述由LC/MS/MS测定的在样品中所观测和清点的生物分子的信号丰度。在实施例1中,生物分子是鞘氨醇,它的丰度反映:在PPAR活化剂的存在和不存在下,从氘代棕榈酸产生神经酰胺的情况。在实施例2和实施例3中,所述生物分子是延伸的脂肪酸。
氘代鞘氨醇
无PPAR,具有氘代棕榈酸 36,958u
有PPAR,具有氘代棕榈酸 57,810u
实施例2
在本实验中,将角质细胞的EpiDerm体外3D皮肤等效物(从Matek商购可获得)用作模型系统,以研究在人类皮肤中的生物转化。用在丙二醇:乙醇(70:30)中的氘代d23-月桂酸(dC12:0)局部地处理该皮肤等效物,每天一次,持续七天,其中浓度为400ng/cm2至5000ng/cm2。样品被收集,被萃取并通过液相色谱/串列式质谱法(LC/MS/MS)来分析氘代d23-月桂酸的延伸。识别了并测量了对由d23月桂酸衍生的氘代延伸的脂肪酸特定的前体至产品(即延伸)的离子转变。第一列描述在延伸之前提供给EpiDerm的月桂酸的信号。
证实了通过脂肪酸合酶将dC12:0转化为dC16:0的能力,随后dC16:0通过延伸酶进一步延伸至氘代木蜡酸C24:0,其中所述酶存在于所述皮肤等效物中。
实施例3
在本实验中,在新生儿角质细胞模型中研究了有和没有PPAR活化剂12-羟基硬脂酸的情况下,氘代d31-棕榈酸(dC16:0)的延伸。
在六孔板格式中的EpiLifeTM培养基(含钙,来自Thermo Fisher Scientific)中培育角质细胞,直至汇合。用CaCl2处理来分化汇合的角质细胞。
在耗尽PPAR活化剂的孔中的细胞每两天或每三天用底物:1uM的d31-棕榈酸(dC16:0)处理,直至在第7天被收集。该样品的剩余物用1uM的上述dC16:0和以在表格中示出的浓度的12羟基硬脂酸来处理。
萃取了样品,并通过液相色谱/串列式质谱法(LC/MS/MS)对其分析了氘代d31-月桂酸(dC16:0)的延伸。识别了并测量了对由d31-月桂酸衍生的氘代延伸的脂肪酸特定的前体至产品的离子转换。
出人意料的是,证实了过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的活化剂例如12-羟基硬脂酸(12-HSA)当与耗尽所述活化剂的样品相比时促进并加强从d31C16:0至d31C26:0的延伸的脂肪酸的形成。
因此,提供的数据出人意料地表明,根据本发明制成的组合物在局部施加后将导致延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者的增强形成。在下表中提供的数值是以上述定义的单元“u”为单位。
Claims (14)
1.组合物,其包含:
1)烃源,所述烃源包括C6至C18脂肪酸、其酯和/或其酰基甘油;
2)过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的至少一种活化剂;
3)延伸源,所述延伸源包括C2至C18醇、糖类、C3至C8多元醇或它们的混合物;和
4)0至5重量%的烟酸、烟酰胺、肌醇、六烟酸酯、吡啶甲酸、吡啶酰胺、1-甲基烟酰胺氯化物、N-乙酰基-DL-蛋氨酸或它们的混合物,
所述组合物在局部施加后具有C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者。
2.处理皮肤的方法,其包括以下步骤:
A)向需要处理的皮肤施加组合物,所述组合物包含:
1)烃源,所述烃源包括C6至C18脂肪酸、其酯和/或其酰基甘油;
2)过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的至少一种活化剂;
3)延伸源,所述延伸源包括C2至C18醇、糖类、C3至C8多元醇或它们的混合物;和
4)0至5重量%的烟酸、烟酰胺、肌醇、六烟酸酯、吡啶甲酸、吡啶酰胺、1-甲基烟酰胺氯化物、N-乙酰基-DL-蛋氨酸或它们的混合物,
B)在将所述组合物施加至所述皮肤后,产生C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者;和
所述C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者在所述皮肤的角质层中产生,并且所述脂质是胆甾醇、神经酰胺和/或它们的混合物。
3.对缺乏脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤的个性化处理的方法,其包括以下步骤:
A)向需要脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤施加组合物,所述组合物包含:
1)烃源,所述烃源包括C6至C18脂肪酸、其酯和/或其酰基甘油;
2)过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的至少一种活化剂;
3)延伸源,所述延伸源包括C2至C18醇、糖类、C3至C8多元醇或它们的混合物;和
4)0至5重量%的烟酸、烟酰胺、肌醇、六烟酸酯、吡啶甲酸、吡啶酰胺、1-甲基烟酰胺氯化物、N-乙酰基-DL-蛋氨酸或它们的混合物,
B)在将所述组合物施加至所述皮肤后,产生C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者;和
C)恢复在所述皮肤中的C20至C36脂肪酸水平、神经酰胺水平和/或胆甾醇的水平,以产生所述C20至C36脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的等摩尔混合物,其中所述C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者在所述皮肤的角质层中产生。
4.根据权利要求3所述的对缺乏脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤的个性化处理的方法,其中所述烃源为C6至C18脂肪酸。
5.根据权利要求4所述的对缺乏脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤的个性化处理的方法,其中所述脂肪酸为棕榈酸。
6.根据权利要求3所述的对缺乏脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤的个性化处理的方法,其中所述延伸源是甘油。
7.根据权利要求3所述的对缺乏脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤的个性化处理的方法,其中所述过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的活化剂为12-羟基硬脂酸。
8.根据权利要求3所述的对缺乏脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤的个性化处理的方法,其中所述组合物的确包含1-甲基烟酰胺氯化物和N-乙酰基-DL-蛋氨酸。
9.根据权利要求3所述的对缺乏脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤的个性化处理的组合物,其中所述组合物的确包含烟酸、烟酰胺、肌醇、六烟酸酯、吡啶甲酸、吡啶酰胺、1-甲基烟酰胺氯化物、N-乙酰基-DL-蛋氨酸或它们的混合物。
10.根据权利要求3所述的对缺乏脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤的个性化处理的组合物,其中所述组合物另外包括间苯二酚、维生素、防晒剂、抗菌剂、和厚朴酚、驱蚊剂或它们的混合物。
11.根据权利要求3所述的对缺乏脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤的个性化处理的组合物,其中所述组合物另外包含季铵盐。
12.根据权利要求3所述的对缺乏脂肪酸、神经酰胺和/或胆甾醇的皮肤的个性化处理的组合物,其中所述组合物为免洗型、洗去型或除臭型组合物。
13.过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体的活化剂的非治疗性用途,其用作在局部皮肤组合物中的成分,以增强在角质层中原位产生C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者。
14.根据权利要求14所述的非治疗性用途,其中所述C20至C36延伸的脂肪酸、脂质或二者从通过局部施加被供应至所述角质层的烃源和延伸源产生。
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