CN116716301A - 一种靶向胃癌细胞递送PLOD2 siRNA的外泌体 - Google Patents
一种靶向胃癌细胞递送PLOD2 siRNA的外泌体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于医学领域,具体涉及一种靶向胃癌细胞递送PLOD2 siRNA的外泌体。所述工程化外泌体含有PLOD2 siRNA,所述工程化外泌体包膜上表达重组融合CD63‑ATF蛋白。本发明建立的胃癌细胞靶向药物递送系统,通过抑制胃癌细胞中的PLOD2,能够实现针对胃癌细胞的组织特异性干预,避免对正常细胞的影响。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医学领域,具体涉及一种靶向胃癌细胞递送PLOD2 siRNA的外泌体。
背景技术
胃癌是最常见的消化道肿瘤之一,居消化系统恶性肿瘤之首。每年有超过100万人被确诊为胃癌。现有的晚期胃癌的治疗方式,仍以放化疗为主。但对于晚期患者来说,放化疗疗效已达到瓶颈,亟需寻找新的治疗靶点和治疗策略。另外,放化疗不具有肿瘤组织特异性,不可避免会带来对正常细胞的毒副作用,因此需要研发新的治疗手段以及肿瘤靶向性的药物递送系统。胃癌的发生发展与肿瘤代谢,尤其是糖酵解密切相关。糖酵解不仅为胃癌细胞提供了生长所需的能量,而且加速了胃癌的恶化进程。同时,糖酵解的产物乳酸在一定程度上影响了肿瘤微环境,并参与了多种信号通路。在肿瘤微环境重编程和免疫治疗的背景下,糖酵解在肿瘤中的作用更值得关注。
PLOD2是参与肿瘤细胞糖酵解的基因之一。PLOD2位于细胞质的粗面内质网,参与胶原蛋白的翻译后修饰,主要功能是催化胶原蛋白端肽区赖氨酸残基羟基化。发生赖氨酸羟基化的胶原蛋白在分泌出细胞外后可相互交联形成稳定结构的羟赖氨酸吡啶链,相反,未发生羟基化的胶原蛋白所形成的纤维交联不稳定,容易降解。当细胞内表达明显升高时,由于羟赖氨酸吡啶链生成增加,将导致胶原纤维过度沉积,导致乏氧发生,细胞依赖于糖酵解途径进行代谢获取ATP,用以满足肿瘤细胞能量代谢过程及促进生长。我们的前期研究发现,PLOD2是潜在的胃癌治疗靶点。
siRNA是一种双链分子,通常为19-21个碱基对,能够通过切断同源mRNA来调控特定基因的表达。本发明通过向胃癌细胞中输送靶向PLOD2的siRNA,能够减少胃癌细胞中PLOD2的表达,从而达到治疗胃癌的目的。尽管siRNA技术在肿瘤治疗具有很高的潜力,但迄今为止,临床应用仍然受到限制。一方面siRNA都是分子量大的或带负电的分子,它们不能通过被动扩散的方式穿过细胞膜的脂质双分子层。另一方面,裸露的siRNA在人体内环境中很脆弱,容易受到酶促降解和清除,使siRNA很难到达肿瘤部位发挥功能。因此,迫切需要一种能够将siRNA安全、高效地递送至胃癌细胞以实现其作用的载体。
外泌体(Exosome)是一种直径约为40-160nm的细胞外囊泡。可以选择性分装蛋白质、脂质和核酸等释放到细胞外,释放到细胞外的外泌体,可以被驻留在微环境中的细胞捕获,也可以随生物体液被携带到远距组织器官,携带和传递重要的信号分子,构成一种全新的细胞之间的信息传递系统。为了最大限度地提高递送效率,克服siRNA传递过程的障碍,从而提高PLOD2 siRNA抑制PLOD2表达,基于外泌体的siRNA递送系统具有显著的优势。工程化的设计使其表面修饰特定分子来获得胃癌特异性靶向性,其具有以下优势:(1)良好的生物相容性和低毒性;(2)使siRNA免受体内环境破坏,延长siRNA在血液中的循环时间;(3)可以使siRNA特异性的靶向到胃癌,以减少全身的副作用。
虽然通过外泌体输送PLOD2 siRNA可以实现对于PLOD2的靶向抑制,但是如果外泌体不能特异性识别胃癌细胞的话,那么这种外泌体也能够抑制正常细胞中的PLOD2的表达,由此可能产生对正常细胞的毒副作用,因此输送PLOD2 siRNA的外泌体需要具有胃癌细胞特异性。受体酪氨酸激酶(receptor tyrosine kinases,RTKs)是人体内最大的一类酶联受体,包括通过糖基磷脂酰肌醇铆定与细胞膜表面结合的A类受体和与I型跨膜蛋白结合的B类受体。其中生促红素人肝细胞A2(erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellularA2,Epha2)是EPA(erythropoietin-producing hepatoma)受体赖氨酸激酶家族中在胃癌中表达得较高的一种分子量为130kDa的糖蛋白受体,而在正常胃癌细胞中,Epha2表达通常较低。EphrinA1做为Epha2的配体与Epha2结合,通过蛋白酶体依赖性途径使Epha2表达下降。在肿瘤内环境中,通常胃癌细胞的Epha2表达升高,而周围组织的EphrinA1配体表达相对减少,即Epha2-EphrinA1平衡失调,从而导致肿瘤细胞中PI3K-AKT等多条信号通路过度激激活。在本发明中,我们利用胃癌高表达Epha2的特性,通过EphrinA1特异性结合的Epha2中的特点获得胃癌的靶向性。CD63是一种在外泌体包膜上表达的一种四跨膜蛋白,该蛋白可作为外泌体区别于其他细胞外囊泡的标志物。利用在外泌体包膜上表达重组融合CD63-EphrinA1蛋白,可以制作靶向胃癌的特异性外泌体。
293T细胞是一种有极低的免疫原性以及旁分泌性的细胞系。其分泌的纳米级外泌体,可以通过靶向递送PLOD2 siRNA发挥治疗作用。
针对现有技术的不足,本领域技术人员亟需发明一种能特异性识别胃癌细胞的外泌体。
发明内容
本发明通过在293T细胞表达CD63-Ephrin A1重组蛋白以获得胃癌靶向性的纳米级外泌体,该外泌体可以通过向胃癌细胞靶向递送PLOD2 siRNA,从而发挥只针对胃癌细胞的治疗作用,避免对正常细胞的毒副作用。
本发明第一个方面公开了一种siRNA,所述siRNA为PLOD2 siRNA。
本发明第二个方面公开了上述的siRNA在制备用于胃癌治疗的工程化外泌体中的应用。
本发明第三个方面公开了一种用于胃癌治疗的工程化外泌体,所述工程化外泌体含有PLOD2 siRNA。
优选的,所述工程化外泌体包膜上表达重组融合CD63-ATF蛋白。
本发明第四个方面公开了一种用于胃癌治疗的工程化外泌体的制备方法,包括:
S1:提取表达重组蛋白CD63-ATF的靶向性外泌体;
S2:将PLOD2 siRNA装载入S1中的靶向性外泌体得到用于胃癌治疗的工程化外泌体。
优选的,在S2中,所述PLOD2基因siRNA的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:5-9中至少一种。
优选的,所述S1包括:
S11:制备CD63-Ephrin A1融合蛋白;
S12:构建表达载体pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-Ephrin A1-EGFR;
S13:提取重组质粒pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-Ephrin A1-EGFR;
S14:转染重组质粒pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-EphrinA1-EGFR到细胞中,提取表达重组蛋白CD63-ATF的靶向性外泌体。
优选的,在S12中,将CD63-Ephrin A1融合蛋白与pLentai-PuroR-CMV-EGFR载体连接后转化大肠杆菌得到表达载体pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-Ephrin A1-EGFR。
本发明第五个方面公开了一种治疗胃癌的药物,所述药物包括上述的siRNA、上述的工程化外泌体或上述的方法制备得到的工程化外泌体。
本发明第六个方面公开了上述的工程化外泌体或上述的方法制备得到的工程化外泌体在制备抗胃癌药物中的应用。
能量代谢异常是恶性肿瘤的重要特征,但目前胃癌中尚无以能量代谢为治疗靶点的方法。PLOD2位于细胞质的粗面内质网,参与胶原蛋白的翻译后修饰,主要功能是催化胶原蛋白端肽区赖氨酸残基羟基化。发生赖氨酸羟基化的胶原蛋白在分泌出细胞外后可相互交联形成稳定结构的羟赖氨酸吡啶链,相反,未发生羟基化的胶原蛋白所形成的纤维交联不稳定,容易降解。当细胞内表达明显升高时,由于羟赖氨酸吡啶链生成增加,将导致胶原纤维过度沉积,导致乏氧发生,细胞依赖于糖酵解途径进行代谢获取ATP,用以满足肿瘤细胞能量代谢过程及促进生长。因此通过抑制胃癌细胞中的PLOD2,抑制胃癌细胞能量代谢,能够有效抑制胃癌细胞生长。
与现有的技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
本发明建立的胃癌细胞靶向药物递送系统,通过抑制胃癌细胞中的PLOD2,能够实现针对胃癌细胞的组织特异性干预,避免对正常细胞的影响。
附图说明
图1为实施例中的酶切验证结果示意图。其中,*NC=未酶切对照,1kb=1kb DNAMarker,E=XmaI-BamHI酶切。
图2为实施例中流式细胞仪检测空载体(左)与重组质粒(右)EGFP荧光强度。
图3为实施例中验证293T细胞中CD63和EphrinA1的表达示意图。
图4为实施例中工程化外泌体孵育细胞的荧光示意图。其中,正常细胞(左)和胃癌细胞(右)红色荧光强弱。
图5为实施例中工程化外泌体介导胃癌细胞PLOD2表达下调的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细描述,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。本发明所用试剂和原料均市售可得。
实施例1
本实施例公开了一种用于胃癌治疗的工程化外泌体,具体包括以下步骤:
1.1CD63-EphrinA1融合基因的构建
1.1.1引物的设计与合成
根据融合蛋白CD63-EphrinA1的基因序列(CD63-EphrinA1的基因序列如SEQ IDNO:14所示),自行设计PCR引物如下:
P1:5’-TCCACCGCCATCCCGGGACA-3’(CCCGGG为XmaI识别位点)(SEQ ID NO:1)
P2:5’-AGTGGCTACGAGGTGATGT-3’(SEQ ID NO:2)
P3:5’-AAGCCCAGAGGAACTCCAT-3’(SEQ ID NO:3)
P4:5’-TGCAAACCCCGTGAGGATCCAA-3’(GGATCC为BamHI识别位点)(SEQ ID NO:4)
1.1.2CD63、EphrinA1基因片段的扩增
以293T细胞cDNA为模板,以CD63基因的P1、P2为引物,扩增CD63基因,反应体系如下:
PCR反应条件为:98℃预变性5min,98℃变性30s,61℃退火1min,72℃延伸2min,35cycle,72℃延伸10min,4℃保存。
以293T cDNA为模板,以EphrinA1序列的P3、P4为引物,扩增EphrinA1序列,反应体系如下:
PCR反应条件为:98℃预变性5min,98℃变性30s,61℃退火1min,72℃延伸2min,35cycle,72℃延伸10min,4℃保存。
1.1.3PCR产物的纯化
将扩增后的PCR产物经过1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析后,切下目的条带,经过DNA凝胶回收试剂盒纯化,获得纯化后的PCR产物。
1.1.4CD63-EphrinA1融合基因的扩增
使用重叠、延伸、拼接PCR(SOE-PCR)的方法,以CD63、EphrinA1的PCR回收产物为模板,以P1、P4为引物,扩增融合基因CD63-EphrinA1,反应体系如下:
PCR反应条件为:98℃预变性8min,98℃变性30s,64℃退火1min,72℃延伸2min,42cycle,72℃延伸10min,4℃保存。
扩增后的PCR产物经过1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析后,切下目的条带,经过DNA凝胶回收纯化试剂盒纯化。
1.2表达载体pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-EphrinA1-EGFR的构建
1.2.1pLentai-PuroR-CMV-EGFRVector酶切步骤
用BamHI和XmaI酶切载体pLentai-PuroR-CMV-EGFR,配置反应体系:
混匀后在37度水浴锅中孵育2小时;1.5%琼脂糖凝胶电泳,可见7700bp和848bp两个条带,取7700bp载体条带回收。(10XNEbufferr3.1来自New Englandbiolabs货号B6003S)1.2.2T4连接步骤
建立T4连接体系
混匀后,16摄氏度连接过夜。(10X T4连接Buffer来自Thermo Scientific货号B69)
1.2.3连接产物的转化
(1)-80℃冰箱中取出感受态TOP10大肠杆菌细胞,放置于超净工作台冰盒上,当其融化为冰水混合物时,加入5μl连接产物,轻轻吹打使其混匀,冰浴30min;
(2)42℃水浴90s,冰浴4min;
(3)加入800μl培养基,37℃振荡培养4h;
(4)吸取300μl培养产物涂布在Amp抗性(10μg/ml)的固体培养平板,37℃培养箱培养过夜。
1.3重组质粒pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-EphrinA1-EGFR的提取
使用质粒小提试剂盒(中国甄选(Labselect)有限公司)进行质粒提取。
(1)取1至5ml菌液,12000rpm,离心1分钟,吸弃上清,随后加入200μl溶液P1,充分混合后加入200μl溶液P2,温和上下翻转6~8次至溶液变得清亮粘稠,立刻加入250μl溶液P3,温和翻转6到8次。随后12000rpm,离心10分钟。
(2)将上清转移至吸附柱,12000rpm,离心1分钟;弃去废液,加入700μl Washingbuffer,12000rpm,离心1分钟,重复两次。将吸附柱放入回收管,12000rpm离心2分钟,弃废液后室温静置至吸附柱内剩余液体晾干。将吸附柱转移至新的EP管,滴加洗脱液20μl,室温下静置5分钟,12000rpm,离心2分钟。收集溶液,Thermo NanoDrop-2000检测质粒浓度后置于-20℃保存。
1.4293T细胞转染重组质粒pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-EphrinA1-EGFR
使用Thermo Fisher Scientific公司lipofectamine试剂盒进行细胞转染,步骤如下:
(1)使用处于对数生长期的293T细胞进行实验。细胞消化、计数后按每孔2×105的密度接种于6孔板,培养过夜,当细胞贴壁后进行转染。
(2)配制溶液1:MEM培养基(250μl)+lipo3000(3.75μl)。配制溶液2:MEM培养基(250μl)+质粒(5μg)+P3000。溶液1和2分别在室温下静置15分钟,随后混合,并孵育5分钟。
(3)细胞用PBS润洗后加入(2)中的混合液,培养6小时换成DMEM完全培养基。
1.5通过Western blot方法鉴定CD63-EphrinA1融合蛋白在293T细胞中的表达。
(1)蛋白裂解:首先配制裂解液:200μl RIPA裂解液加入4μl蛋白酶抑制剂,4μl磷酸酶抑制剂和2μl PMSF,冰上混合,现配现用。向细胞沉淀或外泌体沉淀中加入200μl裂解液,然后在冰上孵育20分钟后,12000×g,4℃下离心5分钟,收集上清。使用BCA定量法测定蛋白质的浓度。
(2)蛋白变性:向上清中加入SDS-PAGE蛋白上样缓冲液(5×),随后100℃水浴10分钟,使蛋白充分变性。
(3)电泳:制备8%SDS-PAGE凝胶,上样后于80V恒压电泳30分钟,然后在120V恒压下电泳,直至溴酚蓝距凝胶下缘0.5cm时终止电泳。
(4)转膜,取出SDS-PAGE凝胶,按电源阴极、海绵、滤纸、SDS-PAGE凝胶、PVDF膜、滤纸、海绵、电源阳极的顺序固定后,放置于转膜槽,在100V恒压下转膜90分钟。
(5)封闭,取出PVDF膜,放置在用TBST配制的含5%脱脂奶粉的封闭液中,放置于室温下封闭1小时。
(6)孵育一抗:取出PVDF膜,用封闭液按1:1000的比例稀释一抗,将膜置于一抗溶液中,放在摇床上轻摇,4℃孵育过夜。
(7)孵育二抗:取出PVDF膜,用TBST洗涤3次后,室温下孵育二抗,1小时后用TBST洗涤3次。
(8)显色:配制ECL发光液:增强液:稳定液=1:1。将ECL发光液滴加于PVDF膜的蛋白结合面。用滤纸吸去多余的发光液后,用X光胶片压片,随后将胶片依次放入显影液、定影液后,用水冲洗,拍照并统计结果。
1.6表达重组蛋白CD63-EphrinA1的靶向性外泌体的提取
吸弃293T细胞旧培养液,用PBS润洗3遍,为确保收集到的培养上清中无外界外泌体混杂因素的影响,将培养基换成含10%去除外泌体的FBS(超速离心去除外泌体)配制的DMEM培养基,常规培养36小时后收集培养液。取50ml培养液在300×g,4℃下离心10分钟,弃去沉淀。随后2000×g,4℃下离心10分钟,弃去沉淀。随后10000×g,4℃下离心30分钟,弃去沉淀。随后在100000×g,4℃下离心70分钟,此时的沉淀为外泌体。吸弃上清,随后加入200μl PBS重悬,然后100000×g,4℃下离心70分钟,吸弃上清,加入50μl PBS重悬。置于-80℃冰箱保存。
1.7PLOD2 siRNA序列及靶向位点
设计并合成靶向PLOD2位点的siRNA
1.8通过电穿孔方式将PLOD2 siRNA装载入靶向性外泌体中构建工程化外泌体
将纯化的靶向性外泌体和PLOD2 siRNA混合在电穿孔缓冲液中,使用Bio-Radgene pulser Xcell电穿孔系统在电穿孔比色杯中以350V的电压进行电穿孔,随后将混合物在37℃下孵育30min以恢复外泌体包膜。
1.9通过透射电子显微镜观察外泌体
将10μl外泌体悬液滴加至Formvar-碳膜包被的载样铜网,静置1分钟后风干。使用PBS润洗Formvar膜面3次,保持铜网另一面干燥。使用1%戊二醛室温下固定20分钟。使用ddH2O润洗两次后,用2%乙酸铀酰染色15分钟。随后使用甲基纤维素-UA润洗10分钟后风干。在透射电子显微镜下观察并拍照。
1.10外泌体的粒径鉴定
用ddH2O稀释外泌体悬液,外泌体颗粒浓度控制在1x107/ml至1x109/ml之间,使用Zeta View PMX110仪器在405nm激光下测定样本中例子数量和大小,采用纳米颗粒示踪分析(Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis,NTA)软件分析外泌体大小。
1.11外泌体示踪与靶向性鉴定
(1)外泌体染色
采用BCA定量法测定外泌体含量,取500μg外泌体,与4μg/ml的Dil红色染料等体积混合,4℃避光孵育2小时。随后用1ml PBS将外泌体重悬后,100000×g,4℃下离心70分钟,吸弃上清并用50μl PBS重悬,此为红色荧光标记的外泌体(Dil-Exosome)。将其放置在-80℃冰箱中避光保存。
(2)外泌体与细胞孵育
采用不同种细胞系共同孵育带Dil荧光标记的外泌体,在相同时间内,观察胃癌对比其他种细胞系对工程化外泌体的摄取情况。以下操作均避光进行。将5x105个细胞接种于放置有细胞爬片的6孔板,12小时后将50μg Dil-Exosome加入培养液,24小时后吸弃培养液,随后用PBS润洗3次并加入1ml 4%多聚甲醛常温下固定细胞15分钟。将固定液吸出后,加入1ml 0.1%Triton X-100,孵育细胞5分钟,随后用PBS洗涤3次。最后用预混DAPI的抗荧光淬灭剂的封片液封片,并避光15分钟。在荧光显微镜下观察外泌体吞噬情况。运用流式细胞仪检测外泌体吞噬情况。
1.12通过实时荧光定量PCR实验检测胃癌细胞PLOD2表达水平
实验所需引物由上海生工生物工程股份有限公司合成。本部分涉及的引物序列见下表:
使用Roche公司的SYBR Green PCR Master Mix进行实验,体系如下:
将上述反应体系置于LightCycler 96实时荧光定量PCR仪。cDNA的PCR扩增采用两步法进行。
条件为:步骤1,预变性:95℃,30秒,设置1个循环;步骤2,PCR反应:95℃,5秒,60℃,30秒,设置40个循环。每个样品设置3个复孔。以GAPDH作为内参,随后检测每个样本的Ct值(荧光强度达到所设阈值时所需要的循环数),目的基因的相对表达水平用2-△△CT法计算:
△CT(实验组)=CT(目的基因,实验组)-CT(内参基因,实验组)
△CT(对照组)=CT(目的基因,对照组)-CT(内参基因,对照组)
△△CT=△CT(实验组)-△CT(对照组)
2.结果
2.1重组质粒pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-EphrinA1-EGFR的鉴定
将重组质粒pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-EphrinA1-EGFR用XmaI和BamHI双酶切,结果见图1,可见两条大约为10000和1300bp大小条带,分别为pLentai-PuroR-CMV-EGFRvector线性片段和CD63-Ephrin A1融合基因片段,成功构建了重组表达质粒pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-EphrinA1-EGFR。
2.2重组质粒pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-EphrinA1-EGFR转染至293T细胞
将重组质粒转染至293T细胞,293T细胞表达EGFP而发出绿色荧光,使用流式细胞仪检测荧光强度,结果如图2所示。表明工程质粒可以在细胞内表达整合重组的CD63-Ephrin A1基因。
2.3融合基因CD63-EphrinA1的验证
转染了空载体的293T细胞内低表达CD63和EphrinA1,而转染了工程质粒的293T细胞内高表达CD63和EphrinA1,表明重组质粒能成功在293T细胞中表达整合的CD63和EphrinA1,结果如图3所示。
2.4工程化外泌体的提取、制备和鉴定
收集转染了工程质粒的293T细胞培养液,通过超速离心法提取培养液中的外泌体,通过电穿孔的方式将PLOD2 siRNA递送到外泌体中,构建为为工程化外泌体,在电子显微镜下观察外泌体的结构,该结构与一般外泌体没有明显差异,表明改造的工程化外泌体没有改变其结构性质。通过NTA检测工程化外泌体的粒径,其粒径大小没有明显差异,表明改造的工程化外泌体没有改变外泌体的结构性质。
2.5工程化外泌体靶向性的测定
为了验证工程化外泌体的靶向性,使用红色染料Dil标记工程化外泌体,并用于孵育人胃正常黏膜上皮细胞(GES-1)和胃癌细胞(HGC-27),通过流式细胞仪测定红色荧光,发现胃癌细胞中的红色荧光较多,结果如图4所示,表明工程化外泌体倾向于富集在肿瘤细胞中而非正常组织细胞,表明该工程化外泌体有对胃癌的靶向性。
2.6工程化外泌体造成胃癌细胞内PLOD2表达下调
通过实时荧光定量PCR方法,检测转染普通外泌体(control)和工程化外泌体(CD63-EphrinA1)的胃癌细胞中PLOD2的表达。结果如图5所示,工程化外泌体造成胃癌细胞内PLOD2表达下调。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种siRNA,其特征在于,所述siRNA为PLOD2 siRNA。
2.根据权利要求1所述的siRNA在制备用于胃癌治疗的工程化外泌体中的应用。
3.一种用于胃癌治疗的工程化外泌体,其特征在于,所述工程化外泌体含有PLOD2siRNA。
4.根据权利要求3所述的工程化外泌体,其特征在于,所述工程化外泌体包膜上表达重组融合CD63-ATF蛋白。
5.一种用于胃癌治疗的工程化外泌体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
S1:提取表达重组蛋白CD63-ATF的靶向性外泌体;
S2:将PLOD2 siRNA装载入S1中的靶向性外泌体得到用于胃癌治疗的工程化外泌体。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,在S2中,所述PLOD2基因siRNA的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:5-9中至少一种。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述S1包括:
S11:制备CD63-Ephrin A1融合蛋白;
S12:构建表达载体pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-Ephrin A1-EGFR;
S13:提取重组质粒pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-Ephrin A1-EGFR;
S14:转染重组质粒pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-Ephrin A1-EGFR到细胞中,提取表达重组蛋白CD63-ATF的靶向性外泌体。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,在S12中,将CD63-Ephrin A1融合蛋白与pLentai-PuroR-CMV-EGFR载体连接后转化大肠杆菌得到表达载体pLentai-PuroR-CMV-CD63-Ephrin A1-EGFR。
9.一种治疗胃癌的药物,其特征在于,所述药物包括权利要求1所述的siRNA、权利要求3-4所述的工程化外泌体或权利要求5-8所述的方法制备得到的工程化外泌体。
10.根据权利要求3-4所述的工程化外泌体或权利要求5-8所述的方法制备得到的工程化外泌体在制备抗胃癌药物中的应用。
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