CN116715483A - 一种水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN116715483A
CN116715483A CN202310657307.8A CN202310657307A CN116715483A CN 116715483 A CN116715483 A CN 116715483A CN 202310657307 A CN202310657307 A CN 202310657307A CN 116715483 A CN116715483 A CN 116715483A
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repairing
parts
polymer modified
flexible polymer
reinforcing
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莫海彬
胡继业
张洋
吴国伟
郑利文
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No 7 Engineering Co ltd Of Cccc Fourth Navigation Bureau
CCCC Fourth Harbor Engineering Co Ltd
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No 7 Engineering Co ltd Of Cccc Fourth Navigation Bureau
CCCC Fourth Harbor Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆及其制备方法。该高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆包括以下重量份的各组分：水泥35‑55份，膨胀剂1.5‑3.5份，纤维0.08‑0.12份，减水剂0.01‑0.03份，聚合物胶粉2.2‑3.0份，膨润土0.05‑0.15份，纤维素醚0.01‑0.03份，淀粉醚0.01‑0.03份，矿物掺合料6‑9份，石英砂30‑50份，消泡剂0.05‑0.07份。本发明的高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆具有高粘接强度和高柔韧性，兼具干缩率小、良好的耐久性、砂浆与老混凝土粘接强度大等特点，各项性能指标满足行业强制性标准JTS 311‑2011《港口水工建筑物修补加固技术规范》，可广泛应用于水工建筑物的维修加固工程。

Description

一种水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆 及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料技术领域，涉及一种水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆及其制备方法。
背景技术
我国建设了大量的港口、码头、船闸等水工或水利工程，由于当时建设条件相对落后，大型机械设备使用率较低，且国内预拌混凝土技术未完全成熟，致使这些服役的水工建筑物出现钢筋裸露、脱落、蜂窝、麻面等混凝土通病，水工建筑物的维修加固显得日益重要。目前市场上在售的聚合物改性砂浆种类繁多，产品所参照的技术标准也是各有差异，这些产品普遍存在粘接强度和抗折强度低、干缩率较大、耐久性差和呈脆性等典型的缺陷，其技术指标不完全满足行业强制性标准JTS 311-2011《港口水工建筑物修补加固技术规范》中关于修补加固砂浆的各项要求，从而未能较好地运用在水工建筑物的修补加固工程上。为此，亟待提出一种水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种具有高粘接强度和高柔韧性的聚合物改性砂浆，兼具干缩率小、良好的耐久性、砂浆与老混凝土粘接强度大等特点，同时其技术指标完全满足行业强制性标准JTS311-2011《港口水工建筑物修补加固技术规范》中关于修补加固砂浆的各项要求。该产品性价比高，随着水工建筑物服役年限的增长，市场应用前景广阔。
本发明的第一方面在于公开一种水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，包括以下重量份的各组分：
水泥35-55份，膨胀剂1.5-3.5份，纤维0.08-0.12份，减水剂0.01-0.03份，聚合物胶粉2.2-3.0份，膨润土0.05-0.15份，纤维素醚0.01-0.03份，淀粉醚0.01-0.03份，矿物掺合料6-9份，石英砂30-50份，消泡剂0.05-0.07份。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述水泥为普通硅酸盐水泥、早强硅酸盐水泥和硫铝酸盐水泥中的一种或多种；优选所述水泥的标号为42.5、42.5R、52.5或52.5R。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述膨胀剂为硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂、氧化钙类膨胀剂和镁质高性能膨胀剂中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述纤维为聚丙烯纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述纤维的长度为3mm、5mm、7mm、10mm、15mm中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述减水剂为木质素磺酸钠减水剂、萘系减水剂、聚羧酸高效减水剂和聚羧酸高性能减水剂中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述聚合物胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯与乙烯共聚胶粉、乙烯与氯乙烯及月桂酸乙烯酯三元共聚胶粉、丙烯酸酯与苯乙烯共聚胶粉、醋酸乙烯酯均聚胶粉(PVac)、苯乙烯与丁二烯共聚胶粉(SBR)中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述矿物掺合剂为矿渣粉、粉煤灰和微硅粉中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述石英砂的粒径为10～16目、16～32目、32～60目、60～80目、80～100目中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述消泡剂为非离子聚醚型粉体消泡剂。
本发明的第二方面在于公开第一方面所述的水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆的制备方法，将各原料混合、搅拌，得到所述水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆。
本发明的有益效果：
1.膨胀剂可起到防止硬化砂浆体积收缩的作用，砂浆不易因干缩值较大而导致新老混凝土粘接失效；纤维在硬化砂浆中起到“加强筋”的作用，其通过均匀分布于水泥石中起“桥接”作用而降低砂浆内部收缩而导致开裂现象的发生，同时，还起到了增大砂浆抗折强度，使砂浆的压折比变小，显示出优异的柔韧性；减水剂起到减少用水量的作用，大大提高砂浆的和易性，使砂浆具备良好的施工性能；聚合物胶粉以干粉的形式与砂浆充分物理共混，把聚合物独特的柔性分子结构运用到砂浆体系中，形成“有机-无机”结合体，从而提升砂浆的柔韧性，此外，聚合物在砂浆水化后，粘附在水泥石周围，形成网状结构，有效提高了砂浆体系的抗折强度；膨润土提升了砂浆体系的触变性，在砂浆系统受到切应力时，其黏度大幅度提升，也增加了用砂浆施工时的抗流挂性，使砂浆易于施工；淀粉醚具有非常好的快速增稠性能，具有较高的保水性，能大幅度提高砂浆操作性能，使操作更滑爽，同时，淀粉醚与体系中的其他助剂均能较好的相容；由于水工建筑物处于潮湿的环境中，其修复后的耐久性至关重要，矿物掺合料通过参与砂浆的水化，填充了硬化砂浆的空隙，有效增加了砂浆的密实度，从而阻止氯离子从砂浆的表面侵入，提升砂浆的耐久性；石英砂是此砂浆体系的骨料，其主要成份是二氧化硅，其合理的级配可大大提高砂浆的密实度，为砂浆体系提供适宜的力学性能，从另一角度分析，合理的级配有利于砂浆形成较好的耐久性，较好地延长水工建筑物的服役期限；体系中的胶粉和纤维素醚在砂浆加水搅拌的过程中会引入一些较大的气泡，导致砂浆硬化后在内部形成较大空隙，容易受到砂浆内应力的影响而导致硬化砂浆的抗压强度和抗折强度下降，削弱抗氯离子渗透的能力，添加少量消泡剂可减小拌制砂浆时形成的较大气泡，消除体系内由于大气泡的存在而产生的各类不良影响，大大提高砂浆体系的力学性能、耐久性等。
2.本发明所提供的聚合物改性砂浆，具有良好的力学性能和柔韧性，抗折强度较大，可达到7.0MPa以上，压折比(抗压强度与抗折强度的比值)较小，低于5.60，抗拉强度可达到3.60MPa以上，可满足水工建筑物修补加固工程的需要。
3.本发明所提供的聚合物改性砂浆，与旧混凝土界面粘接强度大，尤其是在湿热的条件下，与原混凝土强度为C30的水工建筑物粘接后，其新老混凝土粘接抗拉强度可达到3.10MPa以上，大于等级强度为C80的抗拉强度标准值。
4.本发明所提供的聚合物改性砂浆，其各项指标均满足行业强制性标准JTS 311-2011《港口水工建筑物修补加固技术规范》中关于修补砂浆的要求，性价比比市面的同类型产品表现出突出的优势，随着港口、码头、船闸、人造运河等水工项目服役期的增长，本发明具有良好的市场应用前景。
5.本发明的所提供的聚合物改性砂浆，采用特定的聚合物胶粉、纤维和减水剂，使得砂浆的粘结性能和柔性显著提高。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用，在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。
若非特别指出，实施例和对比例为组分、组分含量、制备步骤、制备参数相同的平行试验。
以下实施例和对比例中，高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆的制备方法，将各原料混合，搅拌均匀，即可得到所述水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆。
以下实施例和对比例中，若非特别指出，所述水泥为普通硅酸盐水泥，强度标号为P·O 42.5。所述膨胀剂为Ⅱ型膨胀剂，属于氧化钙类膨胀剂。所述纤维一、纤维二和纤维三均为聚丙烯纤维，所述纤维一、纤维二和纤维三的长度分别为3mm、5mm、7mm。所述减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂粉剂，属于高性能减水剂。所述聚合物胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯与乙烯共聚胶粉，型号为FL1212，由美国国民淀粉有限公司生产，属于低分子量高分子聚合物。所述纤维素醚为羟乙基纤维素醚，它是由纤维素经羟乙基醚化后所得，型号为Natrosol 250HHBR，由美国亚什兰集团生产，属于低分子量高分子聚合物。所述淀粉醚为羟丙基淀粉醚，型号为HPS，由山东一滕新材料股份有限公司生产，属于低分子量高分子聚合物。所述矿物掺合料为无定型二氧化硅，由冶炼硅铁合金或工业硅时从烟道排出的硅蒸气氧化后而制得，比表面积为16000～18000m2/kg。所述石英砂一、石英砂二和石英砂三的粒径分别为1.0～1.8mm、0.5～1.0mm、0.25～0.5mm。所述消泡剂为表面活性剂，型号为TEGO XP 22077，属于非离子聚醚型粉体消泡剂，由赢创特种化学(上海)有限公司生产。
实施例1
一种高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，按重量计，由水泥44.72份，膨胀剂2.48份，纤维0.10份，减水剂0.01份，聚合物胶粉2.48份，膨润土0.11份，纤维素醚0.02份，淀粉醚0.02份，矿物掺合料7.45份，石英砂42.53份，消泡剂0.05份构成；其中长度不同的纤维一、纤维二和纤维三的质量比为1：1：0.5，粒径不同的石英砂一、石英砂二和石英砂三的质量比为1:7.14:4.09。
实施例2
一种高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，按重量计，由水泥40.78份，膨胀剂2.89份，纤维0.10份，减水剂0.02份，聚合物胶粉2.77份，膨润土0.11份，纤维素醚0.02份，淀粉醚0.03份，矿物掺合料8.68份，石英砂44.55份，消泡剂0.05份构成；其中长度不同的纤维一、纤维二和纤维三的质量比为1：1.6：0.5，粒径不同的石英砂一、石英砂二和石英砂三的质量比为1:13.27:3.79。
实施例3
一种高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，按重量计，由水泥43.01份，膨胀剂2.89份，纤维0.11份，减水剂0.02份，聚合物胶粉2.97份，膨润土0.11份，纤维素醚0.03份，淀粉醚0.03份，矿物掺合料8.15份，石英砂42.63份，消泡剂0.05份构成；其中长度不同的纤维一、纤维二和纤维三的质量比为1：1：0.2，粒径不同的石英砂一、石英砂二和石英砂三的质量比为1:4.44:3.97。
对比例1
一种高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，与实施例1的区别在于，对比例1不使用聚合物胶粉。按重量计，由水泥45.86份，膨胀剂2.55份，纤维0.10份，减水剂0.02份，膨润土0.11份，纤维素醚0.03份，淀粉醚0.03份，矿物掺合料7.64份，石英砂43.62份，消泡剂0.05份构成；其中长度不同的纤维一、纤维二和纤维三的质量比为1：1：0.5，粒径不同的石英砂一、石英砂二和石英砂三的质量比为1:7.14:4.09。
对比例2
一种高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，与实施例2的区别在于，对比例2使用了不同于实施例2所述类型的减水剂。按重量计，由水泥40.78份，膨胀剂2.89份，纤维0.10份，减水剂0.02份，聚合物胶粉2.77份，膨润土0.11份，纤维素醚0.02份，淀粉醚0.03份，矿物掺合料8.68份，石英砂44.55份，消泡剂0.05份构成；其中长度不同的纤维一、纤维二和纤维三的质量比为1：1.6：0.5，粒径不同的石英砂一、石英砂二和石英砂三的质量比为1:13.27:3.79。
所述减水剂为萘系减水剂粉剂，属于第二代减水剂。
对比例3
一种高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，与实施例3的区别在于，对比例3仅单掺了一种长度的纤维。按重量计，由水泥43.01份，膨胀剂2.89份，纤维0.11份，减水剂0.02份，聚合物胶粉2.97份，膨润土0.11份，纤维素醚0.03份，淀粉醚0.03份，矿物掺合料8.15份，石英砂42.63份，消泡剂0.05份构成；粒径不同的石英砂一、石英砂二和石英砂三的质量比为1:4.44:3.97。
所述纤维为聚丙烯纤维，长度为3mm。
采用上述技术方案所制得的高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，经试验测得，对比效果如表1。
表1性能测试
所述老混凝土为龄期超过15年的混凝土。
本发明实施例1、2、3和对比例及对比例1、2、3的聚合物改性砂浆，在80℃的湿热的条件下，与旧混凝土界面粘接强度，如表2所示。
其中，所述旧混凝土类型1为海港港口混凝土构筑物，所述旧混凝土类型2为内河码头混凝土构筑物，所述旧混凝土类型3为船闸混凝土构筑物。
表2与旧混凝土界面的粘结强度
以上对本发明优选的具体实施方式和实施例作了详细说明，但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式和实施例，在本领域技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本发明构思的前提下作出各种变化。

Claims (10)

1.一种水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的各组分：
水泥35-55份，膨胀剂1.5-3.5份，纤维0.08-0.12份，减水剂0.01-0.03份，聚合物胶粉2.2-3.0份，膨润土0.05-0.15份，纤维素醚0.01-0.03份，淀粉醚0.01-0.03份，矿物掺合料6-9份，石英砂30-50份，消泡剂0.05-0.07份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，其特征在于，所述水泥为普通硅酸盐水泥、早强硅酸盐水泥和硫铝酸盐水泥中的一种或多种；优选所述水泥的标号为42.5、42.5R、52.5或52.5R。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，其特征在于，所述膨胀剂为硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂、氧化钙类膨胀剂和镁质高性能膨胀剂中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，其特征在于，所述纤维为聚丙烯纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维和聚丙烯腈纤维中的一种或多种；
和/或，所述纤维的长度为3mm、5mm、7mm、10mm、15mm中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一所述的水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，其特征在于，所述减水剂为木质素磺酸钠减水剂、萘系减水剂、聚羧酸高效减水剂和聚羧酸高性能减水剂中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，其特征在于，所述聚合物胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯与乙烯共聚胶粉、乙烯与氯乙烯及月桂酸乙烯酯三元共聚胶粉、丙烯酸酯与苯乙烯共聚胶粉、醋酸乙烯酯均聚胶粉(PVac)、苯乙烯与丁二烯共聚胶粉(SBR)中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一所述的水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，其特征在于，所述矿物掺合剂为矿渣粉、粉煤灰和微硅粉中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一所述的水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，其特征在于，所述石英砂的粒径为10～16目、16～32目、32～60目、60～80目、80～100目中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一所述的水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆，其特征在于，所述消泡剂为非离子聚醚型粉体消泡剂。
10.一种根据权利要求1-9任一所述的水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆的制备方法，其特征在于，将各原料混合、搅拌，得到所述水工建筑物修补加固用高粘接强度柔性聚合物改性砂浆。
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CN117185728B (zh) * 2023-09-15 2024-04-30 邯郸市盛建新型建材股份有限公司 一种高强度湿拌砂浆及其制备方法

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