CN116712358A - 一种用于皮肤的复方精油和含有其的药物组合物 - Google Patents
一种用于皮肤的复方精油和含有其的药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116712358A CN116712358A CN202310960216.1A CN202310960216A CN116712358A CN 116712358 A CN116712358 A CN 116712358A CN 202310960216 A CN202310960216 A CN 202310960216A CN 116712358 A CN116712358 A CN 116712358A
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- essential oil
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- oil
- magnolia
- bergamot
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于皮肤的复方精油和含有其的药物组合物,其中,该复方精油包含下述成分:岩兰草精油、白玉兰花精油、白玉兰叶精油、佛手柑精油、广藿香精油和檀香精油,所述精油通过下述方法制得:分别以岩兰草、白玉兰的花和叶、佛手柑、广藿香和檀香为原料,通过水蒸气蒸馏或者冷压取得挥发油。优选地,该复方精油还包含人参精油和红景天精油。人参精油和红景天精油通过下述方法制得:分别以人参、红景天为原料,通过超临界CO2流体萃取法取得挥发油。本发明的复方精油具有抑制MMP‑1的mRNA表达的功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物领域,具体涉及一种用于皮肤的复方精油和含有其的药物组合物。
背景技术
皮肤衰老也称为皮肤老化,是皮肤组织在内外环境的不断作用下细胞结构和功能发生退化,出现皮肤质地改变(如弹性、张力、厚薄及表面纹理等)、色素改变、血管萎缩或增生的生理现象。皮肤衰老通常分为内源性老化(自然衰老)和外源性老化(光老化等)。人体器官是由组织细胞组成的,细胞的破坏与减少是机体衰老的原因之一,这个过程与自由基密切相关。因为细胞膜和细胞器生物膜上的不饱和脂防酸极易受自由基的侵袭发生过氧化反应,自由基通过对脂质的侵袭加速了细胞的减少,加快衰老进程。自由基作用于脂质产生过氧化反应,氧化产物引起蛋白质核酸等大分子的交联聚合而使生命分子遭到破坏。脂质过氧化可促成脂褐素产生,细胞和组织中不断堆积的脂褐素对人体产生衰老作用。由于自由基学说能比较清楚地解释机体衰老过程中出现的种种症状如老年斑、皱纹、免疫力下降及痴呆等,因此倍受关注,是目前被确定的、最重要的内源性衰老因素。
皮肤老化的主要原因之一是真皮层的结构发生了改变。人体真皮组织以纤维成分为主,胶原纤维大部分为I型胶原,少数为Ⅲ型胶原。胶原的功能是使皮肤保持一定的强度和弹性。皮肤的衰老主要是真皮胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白的减少,表现为真皮层萎缩、细胞数量减少、细胞外基质不断流失,并连带着真皮乳头的血管网一起萎缩。作为皮肤蛋白质的主要成分,胶原占人体真皮蛋白质含量约90%,其中主要为I型胶原(80%)和少量III型胶原(10%)。
人体内的基质金属蛋白酶(Matrix Metalloproteinase,MMPs) 是一类高度保守的锌依赖性蛋白水解酶类,其主要的生理功能是降解细胞外基质成分,维持细胞外基质的动态平衡。MMPs可导致皮肤真皮中支撑皮肤结构的胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白被过度降解、真皮完整性逐渐被破坏,其持续作用可使皮肤胶原严重受损从而使皮肤出现皱缩、无弹性等症状,从而导致皮肤老化发生。其中MMP-1就是MMPs中的一个亚型,当体内MMP-1过度表达时,会降解细胞外基质的胶原蛋白,真皮层结构由于胶原蛋白的分解,而遭到破坏。研究表明MMP-1主要参与I型和III型胶原的降解,是目前研究较多的与皮肤光老化有关的指标,在皮肤光老化中起重要作用。抑制MMPs 的活性可以实现抗皮肤衰老,其中人工合成和从天然产物中筛选的抑制剂是研究的热点。近年来,由于人工合成的小分子抑制剂在临床应用中的各种问题,使得越来越多的研究者关注从天然产物中发现和筛选抑制MMPs活性成分,包括从草药、植物、水果和农作物等自然资源中找寻基质金属蛋白酶的抑制剂。
精油是从植物的叶子、花朵、种子、果实、根部、树皮、树脂、木心等部位以水蒸汽蒸馏法、冷压榨法、脂吸法、二氧化碳超临界萃取等方法提炼出来的。由于其天然来源,被广泛认为更接近自然,是一种更健康、更可持续的选择。精油是多种化学成分组成的复杂混合物,如挥发油、酚类、醇类、酯类等,赋予精油抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化、镇痛等多种功效,同时大部分分子量小于300道尔顿(Dalton)、脂溶性的植物精油能更容易渗透到皮肤的各层,实现更好的吸收和在皮肤中发挥生物活性。
由各种疗效确定或药效物质基础明确的精油成分经一定比例混合而成的复方精油,是以中医理论为指导,遵循方剂配伍理论与原则,结合现代药物研制方法和技术而成的组分中药,其药效物质和作用机制相对清楚,可在治疗临床疾病或症状时,从不同的角度、多个方面发挥协同药理作用,在皮肤病外治和护肤保健领域的应用正越来越受到重视。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于皮肤的复方精油,该复方精油具有抑制皮肤成纤维细胞的基质金属蛋白酶-1(MMP-1)表达的功效。
本发明的复方精油包含岩兰草精油、白玉兰花精油、白玉兰叶精油、佛手柑精油、广藿香精油和檀香精油。
岩兰草精油、白玉兰花精油、白玉兰叶精油、广藿香精油和檀香精油是通过下述方法制得:分别以岩兰草(Vetiveria zizanioides)、白玉兰(Michelia alba DC)的花和叶、广藿香(Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.)和檀香(Santalum album L.)为原料,通过水蒸气蒸馏取得挥发油;佛手柑精油是通过下述方法制得:以佛手柑(Citrus medica L.var.sarcodactylis Swingle)为原料,通过冷压取得挥发油。
优选地,本发明的复方精油(本文中以复方精油6F表示)中岩兰草精油、白玉兰花精油、白玉兰叶精油、佛手柑精油、广藿香精油和檀香精油的体积比为0.2:0.7:2.8:5.3:0.8:0.2。
优选地,在本发明复方精油6F的基础上,再添加人参精油、红景天精油,形成本发明的另一复方精油(本文中以复方精油6T表示)。人参精油以人参(Panax Ginseng C. A. Mey.)为原料,通过超临界CO2流体萃取法取得的挥发油。红景天精油是以红景天(Rhodiola crenulata (HooK.f.et Thoms.)H.Ohba)为原料,通过超临界CO2流体萃取法取得的挥发油。
优选地,本发明复方精油6T中,岩兰草精油、白玉兰花精油、白玉兰叶精油、佛手柑精油、广藿香精油、檀香精油、人参精油和红景天精油的体积比为:0.8:5.4:1:2:0.8:2:2。
本发明还提供了一种用于皮肤的药物组合物,包含上述复方精油和生理上或药学上可接受的辅料。
优选地,本发明的药物组合物中复方精油的含量为:10µg/mL~500µg/mL。
更优选地,本发明的药物组合物中该复方精油的含量为:25µg/mL~100µg/mL。
辅料可选自凡士林、固体石蜡、液体石蜡、地蜡、微晶蜡、饱和脂肪酸酯、不饱和脂肪酸酯、抗氧剂、二甲基硅油、羊毛脂、胆固醇、羊毛甾醇及其它类固醇、乙酰类固醇或是多元的酯类(如司盘)、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、耆胶西黄、果胶、海藻酸、黄原胶、瓜尔胶、琼脂、茶多酚(TP)、生育酚等等。
本发明还提供了一种化妆品组合物,该化妆品组合物包含上述的复方精油和化妆品基质。
本发明的复方精油6F的组方依据:
佛手柑精油主要含有柠檬烯、柠檬醛、苯乙醇、柠檬酸等成分,能抗氧化、抗菌、去角质和美白效果,帮助缓解皮肤衰老;白玉兰花精油主要含有沉香醇、β-石竹烯、甲酸苄酯、甲基醚丁香酚等成分,具有消炎、抗氧化、抗氧化活性,清除自由基功效;白玉兰叶精油主要成分含苯乙醇、乙醇酸、丁香酚、丁香酸和香豆素类化合物,具有抗炎、抗氧化、美白功效;岩兰草精油主要成分含芳樟醇、香叶醇、乙酸香叶酯、岩兰草酮等成分,具有抗炎、抗氧化、促进皮肤细胞再生等作用;广藿香精油主要成分包括广藿香醇、广藿香烯、丁香酚、杜松烯、甲基香茅醇酮等,具有抗菌抗炎、减少皮肤油脂分泌、收敛毛孔、促进组织修复等功效;檀香精油主要含有α-檀香醇、β-檀香醇、檀香酮等成分,具有抗炎、抗氧化等特性。以上精油经过复配后,活性成分的功效可起到协同增效的作用,加强了抗炎、抗氧化、促进皮肤修复、缓解皮肤衰老等功效。
本发明的复方精油6F的配方中医方解:
佛手柑味辛、苦,性温,归肝、脾、肺经,可祛风养血、燥湿通络、营养皮肤,是为君药;白玉兰花、白玉兰叶味辛,性温,可芳香开窍,二者共为臣药,辅助君药润肤除皱;岩兰草安神镇静,广藿香芳香化浊、发表祛湿,二者共奏抗皱润肤之效,共为佐药;檀香味辛,性温,可芳香化浊、辛散温通,是为使药。以上诸药合用,共成活血养血、抗衰老之功。
关于本发明的另一复方精油6T,其在本发明复方精油6F的基础上,添加有人参精油、红景天精油。中药人参性温,味甘、微苦、微温。归脾,肺经,有大补元气、补脾益肺、生津止渴、安神增智之功效。人参精油主要成分含人参皂苷、齐墩果酮、蒎烯等,其中人参皂苷具有强大的抗氧化能力,可中和自由基,延缓细胞老化,有助于促进角质降解和延缓老化作用。中药红景天性寒,味甘、涩,归肺经,补气清肺、益智养心、散瘀消肿之功效,《神农本草经》中记载红景天“不老延年”。红景天精油中含有红景天苷、没食子酸、鞣花酸、水苏糖苷等成分,具有抗氧化、抗炎特性,能保护细胞免受氧化损伤。将中药人参精油和红景天精油加入复方精油6F而形成的复方精油6T,增强了组方益气活血、抗炎抗氧化、延缓皮肤衰老之功效。
本发明研究了复方精油6F和6T对皮肤成纤维细胞的基质金属蛋白酶MMP-1的mRNA表达的抑制作用。结果表明,复方精油6F和复方精油6T在浓度为50μg/mL时均明显抑制MMP-1的mRNA表达,抑制率分别高达22.86%、45.48%,其中本发明复方精油6T对MMP-1的mRNA表达的抑制作用更为显著,强于复方精油6F。因此,本发明的复方精油6F和复方精油6T均具有显著的抗皮肤衰老的功效。
附图说明
图1:岩兰草精油的气质联用检测结果;
图2:白玉兰花精油的气质联用检测结果;
图3:白玉兰叶精油的气质联用检测结果;
图4:佛手柑精油的气质联用检测结果;
图5:广藿香精油的气质联用检测结果;
图6:檀香精油的气质联用检测结果;
图7:人参精油的气质联用检测结果;
图8:红景天精油的气质联用检测结果。
具体实施方式
下面参照具体的实施例对本发明做进一步说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明的范围。
下述实施例2-实施例4中所使用的精油均为商购的或者由实施例1的方法提取而得。
岩兰草精油:从牧九野(上海)科技有限公司采购,批号为:BEO090510109,企业标准为:相对密度(20℃) 0.956~0.986;折光指数(20℃) 1.486~1.506。岩兰草精油的化妆品原料安全信息报送码为007364-02571-9406。
白玉兰花精油:从牧九野(上海)科技有限公司采购,批号为:TCM002110111,企业标准为:相对密度(20℃) 0.885~0.929;折光指数(20℃) 1.488~1.501。白玉兰花精油的化妆品原料安全信息报送码为001149-02571-9174。
白玉兰叶精油:从牧九野(上海)科技有限公司采购,批号为:BEO005410101,企业标准为:相对密度(20℃) 0.857-0.887;折光指数(20℃) 1.458-1.478。白玉兰叶精油的化妆品原料安全信息报送码为001150-02571-5896。
佛手柑精油:从牧九野(上海)科技有限公司采购,批号为:BEO023330109,企业标准为:相对密度(20℃) 0.860~0.875;折光指数(20℃) 1.460~1.472。佛手柑精油的化妆品原料安全信息报送码为007018-02571-1675。
广藿香精油:从牧九野 (上海) 科技有限公司采购,批号为:BEO025610111,企业标准为: 相对密度(20℃): 0.949-0.983;折光指数(20℃):1.505-1.512。广藿香精油化妆品原料安全信息报送码为 002634-02571-5566。
檀香精油:从牧九野(上海)科技有限公司采购,批号为:BEO003810112,企业标准为:相对密度(20℃) 0.893~0.951;折光指数(20℃) 1.470~1.478。檀香精油的化妆品原料安全信息报送码为006568-02571-5954。
人参精油:从牧九野(上海)科技有限公司采购,批号为:JY0070,企业标准为:相对密度(20℃):0.906-0.930;折光指数(20℃) :1.454-1.490,人参原料安全信息报送码(全称)为005483-02571-7336。
红景天精油:从牧九野(上海)科技有限公司采购,批号为:XYJY0048,企业标准为:相对密度(20℃) :0.864-0.875;折光指数(20℃) :1.465-1.480。红景天原料安全信息报送码(全称)为002880-02571-3934。
【实施例1】 制备单方精油
水蒸气蒸馏法所使用仪器:水封口式蒸馏釜,其设备构成是:
蒸馏釜:整体外观为圆柱形,球冠式釜底,上部开口为加料口;
鹅颈管:带有蒸馏釜上口的圆锥形盖子,连接冷凝器;
冷凝器:为铝质列管冷凝器,使蒸汽冷凝和冷却式馏出液;
油水分离器:用铝材做成,既是接受馏出液的容器,又是精油与水的分离器。
水蒸气蒸馏法提取精油工艺流程:投料、加水、蒸馏、冷却、油水分离、精油、包装。
1.1制备岩兰草精油
岩兰草精油为通过水蒸气蒸馏法取得的挥发油。
在春季至夏季之间的早期阶段是岩兰草最佳生产季节,选择采摘新鲜、没有受到污染的岩兰草全株,并将其洗净。将蒸馏器拆开,清洗干净所有零部件,确保无油污和杂质。在蒸馏锅中加入蒸馏锅的2/3到3/4的蒸馏水,并将其放置在加热板上,将加热板加热至水开始沸腾。当蒸馏锅中的水开始煮沸时,将切碎的岩兰草放入蒸馏锅中,确保岩兰草植物材料全部浸没在水中,但不要过于密实堆积,以允许水蒸气顺利通过。在开始加热后,最初的5到10分钟,使用较低的加热功率。等待水开始沸腾产生水蒸气,用冷凝管连接蒸馏器并将另一端的管子放入收集瓶中。蒸汽会通过冷凝管冷凝,并流入收集瓶中。蒸馏时间可持续1到4小时。等待24小时,精油会浮在水的上层,用滴管或分离漏斗将其从水中分离出来。收集好精油后,使用滤纸或滤布过滤以去除悬浮在精油中的颗粒或其他杂质,得岩兰草精油。
1.2制备白玉兰花精油
白玉兰花精油为通过水蒸气蒸馏法取得的挥发油。
在3月至6月的白玉兰花开花期,选择采摘新鲜、刚开放的、没有受到污染的白玉兰花朵,并将其洗净。将蒸馏器拆开,清洗干净所有零部件,确保无油污和杂质。在蒸馏锅中加入蒸馏锅的2/3到3/4的蒸馏水,并将其放置在加热板上,将加热板加热至水开始沸腾。当蒸馏锅中的水开始煮沸时,将白玉兰花朵放入蒸馏锅中,确保全部浸没在水中,但不要过于密实堆积,以允许水蒸气顺利通过。逐渐升温,初始阶段的加热速度应较慢,以避免过快的温度上升破坏花朵中的精油成分。等待水开始沸腾产生水蒸气,用冷凝管连接蒸馏器并将另一端的管子放入收集瓶中。蒸汽会通过冷凝管冷凝,并流入收集瓶中,蒸馏时间可持续4到6小时。等待24小时,精油会浮在水的上层,用滴管或分离漏斗将其从水中分离出来。收集好精油后,使用滤纸或滤布过滤以去除悬浮在精油中的颗粒或其他杂质,得白玉兰花精油。
1.3制备白玉兰叶精油
白玉兰叶精油为通过水蒸气蒸馏法取得的挥发油。
在晨间采摘新鲜的、没有受到污染的白玉兰叶,使用清水轻轻清洗,去除表面的污垢和杂质并将其洗净。将蒸馏器拆开,清洗干净所有零部件,确保无油污和杂质。在蒸馏锅中加入蒸馏锅的2/3到3/4的蒸馏水,并将其放置在加热板上,将加热板加热至水开始沸腾。当蒸馏锅中的水开始煮沸时,将白玉兰花朵放入蒸馏锅中,确保全部浸没在水中,但不要过于密实堆积,以允许水蒸气顺利通过。逐渐升温,初始阶段的加热速度应较慢,以避免过快的温度上升破坏花朵中的精油成分。等待水开始沸腾产生水蒸气,用冷凝管连接蒸馏器并将另一端的管子放入收集瓶中。蒸汽会通过冷凝管冷凝,并流入收集瓶中,蒸馏时间持续1到2小时。等待24小时,精油会浮在水的上层,用滴管或分离漏斗将其从水中分离出来。收集好精油后,使用滤纸或滤布过滤以去除悬浮在精油中的颗粒或其他杂质,得白玉兰叶精油。
1.4制备佛手柑精油
佛手柑精油为通过冷压法提取取得的挥发油。
使用冷压机进行冷压法提取佛手柑精油。冷压机是一种专业的提取设备,用于将植物材料的精油通过冷压(冷榨)的方式提取出来。通常由以下组成部分构成:榨螺杆、进料斗、压榨腔室、加热装置、集油器、过滤装置、控制系统。
选择成熟、新鲜的佛手柑果实,使用清水轻轻清洗佛手柑果皮,去除表面的污垢和杂质。将佛手柑果实剥离,只保留果皮部分。将剥离的佛手柑果皮切成较小的碎片并放入冷压机的料斗中,压榨时间持续15到30分钟。通过冷压,佛手柑果皮中的精油会被压榨出来并流出到集油器中,通过滤装置去除精油中的果皮碎片或其他植物残渣,通过分馏减除佛手柑精油中的呋喃香豆素,得佛手柑精油。
1.5制备广藿香精油
广藿香精油为通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取取得的挥发油。
在7月到9月广藿香开花期,选择采摘新鲜、干燥、没有受到污染的广藿香全株,并将其洗净。将蒸馏器拆开,清洗干净所有零部件,确保无油污和杂质。在蒸馏锅中加入蒸馏锅的2/3到3/4的蒸馏水,并将其放置在加热板上,将加热板加热至水开始沸腾。当蒸馏锅中的水开始煮沸时,将广藿香全株放入蒸馏锅中,确保全部浸没在水中。等待水开始沸腾后,用冷却管连接蒸馏器,并将另一端的管子放入收集瓶中。蒸汽会通过冷却管冷凝,并流入收集瓶中。等待24小时,精油会浮在水的上层,用滴管或分离漏斗将其从水中分离出来。收集好精油后,使用滤纸或滤布过滤以去除悬浮在精油中的颗粒或其他杂质,得广藿香精油。
1.6制备檀香精油
檀香精油为通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取取得的挥发油。
采集新鲜的檀香木树干的心材部分,确保木材没有明显的损伤或腐烂,将檀香木材料切割成较小的块状或碎片。将蒸馏器拆开,清洗干净所有零部件,确保无油污和杂质。在蒸馏锅中加入蒸馏锅的2/3到3/4的蒸馏水,并将其放置在加热板上,将加热板加热至水开始沸腾。当蒸馏锅中的水开始煮沸时,将檀香木碎片放入蒸馏锅中,确保全部浸没在水中,但不要过于密实堆积,以允许水蒸气顺利通过。逐渐升温,等待水开始沸腾产生水蒸气,用冷凝管连接蒸馏器并将另一端的管子放入收集瓶中。蒸汽会通过冷凝管冷凝,并流入收集瓶中,蒸馏时间可持续6到24小时。等待24小时,精油会浮在水的上层,用滴管或分离漏斗将其从水中分离出来。收集好精油后,使用滤纸或滤布过滤以去除悬浮在精油中的颗粒或其他杂质,得檀香精油。
1.7制备人参精油
人参精油为通过超临界CO2流体萃取法取得的挥发油。
将吉林产的中药材人参粉碎成过80目筛的粗粉,过一遍水。用砂布袋装好已称量好的药材粗粉,装入萃取器中,封好顶盖。开启恒温槽电源。打开二氧化碳钢瓶阀门,使气体沿管线经过干燥器,冷却冷凝器(浸在冰水浴中),柱塞泵,进入增压缓冲瓶。待增压缓冲瓶的压力大大超过实验压力后,打开阀门V1,使萃取器升压到实验压力,关阀门V1,预浸润10~15min,超临界CO2流体萃取。CO2流体流速1L/min,萃取温度30℃~35℃,萃取压力30MPa~35MPa,分离温度50℃~60℃,分离压力4.5MPa~5.5MPa,萃取时间2h~3h,得带有人参精油的膏状物。以人参膏状物为原料,用95.0%的乙醇,按人参膏状物和乙醇的比例为1:9进行萃取,过滤除去部分蜡质,将滤液静置过夜,次日再过滤,将滤液在50℃、真空度-0.015 MPa的条件下,用真空抽出乙醇,得人参精油。
1.8制备红景天精油
红景天精油为通过超临界CO2流体萃取法取得的挥发油。
将四川的干燥红景天根部碎过10~20目筛的粗粉,用砂布袋装好已称量好的粗粉,并装入萃取器中,封好顶盖。开启恒温槽电源。打开二氧化碳钢瓶阀门,使气体沿管线经过干燥器,冷却冷凝器(浸在冰水浴中),柱塞泵,进入增压缓冲瓶。待增压缓冲瓶的压力大大超过实验压力后,打开阀门V1,使萃取器升压到实验压力,关阀门V1,超临界CO2流体萃取。CO2流体流速1 L/min,萃取温度50℃,萃取压力30MPa,分离温度45℃,分离压力4.5MPa~5.5MPa,萃取时间2h左右,得红景天精油。
【实施例2】制备复方精油
本文中岩兰草精油、白玉兰花精油、白玉兰叶精油、佛手柑精油、广藿香精油、檀香精油、人参精油和红景天精油分别用代号6A、6B、6C、6D、6E、6G、6X-1和6X-2表示。将实施例1获得的或者商购的6A、6B、6C、6D、6E和6G均匀地混合在一起,即得本发明的复方精油6F。在6F的基础上再加上由实施例1获得的或者商购的6X-1和6X-2,均匀地混合在一起,即得本发明的复方精油6T。
复方精油6F:6A+6B+6C+6D+6E+6G,体积比为0.2:0.7:2.8:5.3:0.8:0.2。即复方精油6F中岩兰草精油含量为2%,白玉兰花精油含量为7%,白玉兰叶精油含量为28%,佛手柑精油含量为53%,广藿香精油含量为8%,檀香精油含量为2%。
复方精油6T:6A+6B+6C+6D+6E+6G+6X-1+6X-2,体积比为0.2:0.7:2.8:5.3:0.8:0.2:2:2。即复方精油6T中岩兰草精油含量为1.43%,白玉兰花精油含量为5%,白玉兰叶精油含量为20%,佛手柑精油含量为37.86%,广藿香精油含量为5.71%,檀香精油含量为1.43%,人参精油含量为14.29%,红景天精油含量为14.29%。
【实施例3】精油对小鼠成纤维细胞MMP-1的mRNA表达的影响
一、实验材料
3.1.1实验细胞
小鼠成纤维细胞NIH3T3,购自中国科学院细胞库。
3.1.2试药与试剂
复方精油6F、复方精油6T、单方精油6A、6B、6C、6D、6E、6G、6X-1和6X-2、DMEM高糖培养基、胎牛血清(FBS)、DMSO、PBS、胰酶、Trizol、三氯甲烷、异丙醇、乙醇、DEPC水、PrimeScriptTMRT Master Mix (Takara)、TB Green Premix Ex TaqTMⅡ (Takara)。
3.1.3 耗材与仪器
10cm培养皿、6孔板、LightCycler480实时荧光定量PCR仪、普通PCR仪。
二、实验方法
3.2.1 小鼠成纤维细胞NIH3T3的培养
NIH3T3细胞用含10% FBS的DMEM高糖培养基于 37℃细胞培养箱中培养,每24 h更换一次培养基,细胞生长至 70%~80% 传代,保持细胞呈对数生长。待细胞传至第3代,状态稳定后,用于实验。
3.2.2 精油储备溶液配制
3.2.2.1单精油的配制:分别取1mL商购或者实施例1获得的各单方精油与1mLDMSO涡旋2~3min混合均匀,取上述精油溶液200 mg加入DMEM高糖培养基至体积为10 mL,涡旋混匀为各单精油储备溶液(20 mg/mL)。
3.2.2.2复方精油的配制:分别取1mL实施例2获得的复方精油6F和复方精油6T与1mL DMSO涡旋2~3min混合均匀,取上述精油溶液200 mg加入DMEM高糖培养基至体积为10mL,涡旋混匀为各复方精油储备溶液(20 mg/mL)。1mL复方精油6F的组成是0.02mL岩兰草精油,0.07mL白玉兰花精油,0.28mL白玉兰叶精油,0.53mL佛手柑精油,0.08mL广藿香精油,0.02mL檀香精油;1mL复方精油6T的组成是0.014mL岩兰草精油,0.05mL白玉兰花精油,0.2mL白玉兰叶精油含量为,0.379mL佛手柑精油,0.057mL广藿香精油,0.014檀香精油,0.143mL人参精油,0.143mL红景天精油。
细胞实验中含精油的培养基均由上述精油储备溶液(20 mg/mL)按比例稀释配制。
3.2.3精油对小鼠成纤维细胞MMP-1基因表达的影响
将NIH3T3细胞按每孔2×105个接种于6孔板,培养24小时后分组处理。实验设空白对照组和各精油干预组,单精油和复方精油分别稀释至浓度为50μg/mL,空白对照组加入同体积培养基,继续培养48h。按照试剂盒说明书提取NIH3T3细胞总RNA并进行逆转录反应。根据MMP-1的基因及内参β-actin序列,设计合成引物。按照试剂盒说明书条件进行实时荧光定量PCR反应。每个指标每组设 3个重复,取平均Ct值,以 β-actin 为内参基因,用相对定量分析法对目的基因进行计算。
三、实验结果
皮肤的基质金属蛋白酶(matri metalloproteinase, MMP)表达增加,会引起胶原纤维、弹性纤维和基质的降解增多,导致皮肤弹性变差、粗糙、皱纹产生。基质金属蛋白酶是一组与胶原降解有关的酶,其中MMP-1就是MMP中的一个亚型,可以降解皮肤胶原,提示MMP-1与皮肤衰老关系较密切。精油作用于细胞后,若MMP-1表达越高则降解胶原蛋白的作用越强,说明该精油抑制胶原蛋白降解作用越弱,抗衰老功效差;若MMP-1表达越低则降解胶原蛋白的作用越弱,说明该精油抑制胶原蛋白降解作用越强,抗衰老功效好。
利用qRT-PCR(Quantitative Real-time PCR)法检测精油处理48小时后 NIH3T3细胞中MMP-1的mRNA表达情况。
按照实施例3.2.3的方法,首先针对各单方精油分别在12.5μg/mL、25μg/mL、50μg/mL和100μg/mL浓度下对小鼠成纤维细胞中MMP-1基因表达的影响进行预实验,结果发现,岩兰草精油、白玉兰叶精油、佛手柑精油、红景天精油在50μg/mL浓度时,白玉兰花精油在100μg/mL浓度时对小鼠成纤维细胞的MMP-1的基因表达有不同程度抑制作用,而广藿香精油、檀香精油和人参精油未对小鼠成纤维细胞的MMP-1的基因表达表现出明显的抑制作用。进一步地,按照实施例3.2.3的方法,将岩兰草精油、白玉兰叶精油、佛手柑精油、红景天精油和本发明的复方精油6F、复方精油6T分别在50μg/mL浓度下进行对小鼠成纤维细胞MMP-1基因表达影响的正式实验。实验结果如表1所示。
表1精油处理后小鼠成纤维细胞的MMP-1的mRNA表达
根据表1可知,相较于空白组,本发明复方精油6F和复方精油6T在浓度为50μg/mL时均明显抑制MMP-1的基因表达,抑制率分别高达22.86%、45.48%(抑制率=((空白组的平均mRNA相对表达量-精油组的平均mRNA相对表达量)/空白组的平均mRNA相对表达量)×100%)。其中本发明复方精油6T对MMP-1基因表达的抑制作用更为显著,强于复方精油6F。
【实施例4】气质联用检测本发明的各单方精油
4.1供试品的制备
分别移取各单方精油6A、6B、6C、6D、6E、6G、6X-1和6X-2 0.5mL置于1.5mL离心管中,离心1min;取上清液50μL,称重,加入乙酸乙酯,配成浓度为100 mg/mL的各精油溶液;按1 : 10 的质量比,加入无水硫酸钠粉末,混匀,静置,离心;取上清液 10 μL,以乙酸乙酯稀释 100 倍,得浓度为 1 mg/mL的各单精油待测溶液;分别将各待测溶液离心 1 min,取上清液,气质联用检测。
4.2检测方法
色谱柱:安捷伦 HP-5 MS UI(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)
载气:高纯氦
流速 :1.0 mL/min
进样口温度: 250℃
分流比: 10 : 1
进样量: 1 μL
升温程序: 50 ℃—180℃(3℃/min)—300 ℃( 20 ℃/min, 保持 5 min)
离子源: EI+
离子源温度:230℃
扫描模式: 全离子扫描
扫描范围:m/z 40 -600
溶剂延迟: 4 min
4.3检测结果
检测结果如图1-图8所示。气质联用检测的原始数据经 Agilent MassHunterQualitative Analysis(V B.07.00)软件分析,得各组分峰的信息(保留时间,积分峰面积,峰面积总和百分比,以及峰高)。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于皮肤的复方精油,其特征在于,所述复方精油包含下述成分:
岩兰草精油、白玉兰花精油、白玉兰叶精油、佛手柑精油、广藿香精油和檀香精油;
其中,所述岩兰草精油、白玉兰花精油、白玉兰叶精油、广藿香精油,檀香精油是通过下述方法制得:分别以岩兰草、白玉兰的花和叶、广藿香和檀香为原料,通过水蒸气蒸馏取得挥发油;所述佛手柑精油是通过下述方法制得:以佛手柑为原料,通过冷压取得挥发油;所述复方精油中岩兰草精油、白玉兰花精油、白玉兰叶精油、佛手柑精油、广藿香精油和檀香精油的体积比为0.2:0.7:2.8:5.3:0.8:0.2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复方精油,其特征在于,所述复方精油还包含人参精油和红景天精油,所述人参精油和红景天精油是通过下述方法制得:分别以人参、红景天为原料,通过超临界CO2流体萃取法取得挥发油。
3.根据权利要求2所述的复方精油,其特征在于,所述复方精油中岩兰草精油、白玉兰花精油、白玉兰叶精油、佛手柑精油、广藿香精油、檀香精油、人参精油和红景天精油的体积比为:0.2:0.7:2.8:5.3:0.8:0.2:2:2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的复方精油,其特征在于,所述复方精油具有抑制成纤维细胞的基质金属蛋白酶-1 的mRNA表达的功效。
5.一种用于皮肤的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物包含如权利要求1~4中任意一项所述的复方精油和生理上或药学上可接受的辅料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物中的所述复方精油的含量为:10 µg/mL~500 µg/mL。
7.根据权利要求5所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物为软膏剂、乳剂或者乳膏剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的复方精油在制备用于皮肤的抗衰老药物中的用途。
9.一种化妆品组合物,其特征在于,所述化妆品组合物包含如权利要求1~4中任意一项所述的复方精油和化妆品基质。
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